Principles of Psychology Test Preparation
Course Introduction
Principles of Psychology introduces students to the foundational concepts, theories, and research methods in the study of human behavior and mental processes. The course covers major psychological perspectives including biological, cognitive, behavioral, humanistic, and sociocultural approaches. Topics such as sensation and perception, learning, memory, development, emotion, personality, psychological disorders, and social behavior are explored. Through lectures, discussions, and practical examples, students gain a critical understanding of how psychologists investigate the mind and behavior, and how psychological principles apply to everyday life.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Psychology Gateways to Mind and Behavior 12th Edition by Dennis Coon
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62 Chapters
12942 Verified Questions
12942 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction the Psychology
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the authors of your textbook, which of the following would be considered a POOR study strategy?
A)self-testing
B)overlearning
C)spaced practice
D)recopying your lecture notes
Answer: D
Q2) Susan has started college.To maximize her learning, she sets specific, objective learning goals; makes a daily, weekly, and monthly learning strategy; monitors and rewards herself; evaluates her progress, and takes corrective action when needed.Susan's actions illustrate
A)the SQ4R method.
B)the LISAN method.
C)massed practice.
D)self-regulated learning.
Answer: D
Q3) ____________________ tests require you to recognize a correct answer among wrong ones or a true statement versus a false one.
Answer: Objective
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Page 3
Chapter 1: Extension A: Introduction to Psychology and Research
Methods
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychology would best be described as
A)the study of human origins, evolution, and cultures.
B)the scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
C)a natural science integrating physiology and neurology.
D)the deductive study of forms and functions of human groups.
Answer: B
Q2) An elderly lady is greatly impressed by an astrologer who describes her as physically vigorous, innovative, and artistically creative.Her reaction to this flattering description is an example of A)uncritical acceptance.
B)the fallacy of positive instances.
C)the Gall effect.
D)the confusion of cause and effect.
Answer: A
Q3) When a psychologist uses scientific observation, these observations must A)involve logic and common-sense reasoning.
B)be conducted using animals rather than humans.
C)be planned and confirmed by more than one observer.
D)involve all of these.
Answer: C
Page 4
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Chapter 1: Extension B: Introduction to Psychology and Research
Methods
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A statistical technique called _____ can be used to combine the results of many studies, as if they were all part of one large study.
A)meta-analysis
B)the natural clinical test
C)the standard error of measurement
D)double-blind experimental analysis
Answer: A
Q2) An example of "researcher bias" would be a situation in which the experimenter
A)acts out the proper behavior for the subjects.
B)deceives the subject as to the real purpose of the experiment.
C)unknowingly hints to subjects what is expected of them.
D)does all of these.
Answer: C
Q3) A correlation coefficient of 0.00 means that there is
A)a strong negative relationship between the two variables.
B)a strong positive relationship between the two variables.
C)a perfect positive relationship between the two variables.
D)no relationship between the two variables.
Answer: D
Page 5
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Chapter 1: Extension C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods
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140 Verified Questions
140 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A researcher determines that the crime rate in a large city is related to the phases of the moon.She concludes that the gravitational pull of the moon influences human behavior.She has committed what error?
A)the dangers of a single example.
B)the difference between observation and inference.
C)the difference between correlation and causation.
D)that the Barnum effect occurs only in ten-year cycles.
Q2) The ____________________ group serves as a point of reference for a comparison of results in an experiment.
Q3) Concerning Internet surveys, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
A)It is not easy to control who actually answers online questionnaires.
B)Biased samples can limit web-based research.
C)Internet studies have provided interesting information about topics, such as anger, prejudice, religion, and other attitudes.
D)All of these statements are true.
Q4) A correlation coefficient of -.87 indicates a very weak relationship between the two events.
A)True
B)False
Page 6
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Chapter 2: Extension A: Brain and Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) The corpus callosum is a thick band of fibers that connect
A)the hindbrain to the midbrain.
B)the motor cortex to the frontal lobe.
C)hindbrain to the spinal cord.
D)the two cerebral hemispheres.
Q2) The "all or nothing event" refers to the fact that
A)nerve cells are continually in an action potential.
B)action potentials occur completely or not at all.
C)synaptic transmissions occur completely or not at all.
D)all the neurons in the brain fire or none of them fire.
Q3) An individual nerve cell is known as a A)nerve.
B)neuron.
C)synaptic vesicle.
D)neurotransmitter.
Q4) Humans are superior to all other animals in A)intelligence.
B)sensory sensitivity.
C)speed and strength.
D)all of these skills.
Page 7
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Chapter 2: Extension B: Brain and Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ does not fully mature until adolescence, which may be the reason that children have such short attention spans.
A)thalamus
B)hypothalamus
C)reticular formation
D)amygdala
Q2) Voluntary muscle movement originates in an area of the cortex called the _____, which is located on the _____ lobe.
A)motor area; parietal
B)somatosensory cortex; parietal
C)motor area; frontal
D)somatosensory cortex; frontal
Q3) Which of the following parts of the body would have the largest area represented on the motor area?
A)shoulder
B)feet
C)torso
D)hand
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8
Chapter 2: Extension C: Brain and Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) An action potential causes a release of dopamine from the _____ with dopamine being inactivated by a reuptake process in the _____ that removes it from the synaptic cleft.
A)dendritic receptor; dendritic receptor
B)axon terminal; axon terminal
C)dendritic receptor; axon terminal
D)axon terminal; dendritic receptor
Q2) During an action potential, the axon's ion channels pop open to allow chlorine ions to rush into the axon.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Touch, temperature, pressure, and other bodily sensations are channeled to the somatosensory area of the ____________________ lobes of the brain.
Q4) The physical size and shape of the two cerebral hemispheres of left-handed persons is more alike than that of right-handed persons.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Another term for "mindblindness" is ____________________.
Q6) Muscle fibers can contract because they are made of ____________________ cells.
Page 9
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Chapter 3: Extension A: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a gene is _____, the trait it controls will be present every time the gene is present.
A)recessive
B)dominant
C)polygenic
D)sex-linked
Q2) Heredity can have an effect on
A)eye and skin color.
B)susceptibility to some diseases.
C)personality traits.
D)all of these.
Q3) Slow-to-warm-up children
A)are restrained and unexpressive.
B)are relaxed and agreeable.
C)are moody and intense.
D)tend to get over disappointment and anger very slowly.
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Chapter 3: Extension B: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Younger children cannot understand why the driver of a car cannot see them if they can see the car.This illustrates the _____ shown by children in the _____ stage.
A)object permanence; sensorimotor B)imprinting; concrete operational
C)egocentrism; preoperational D)animism; preformal
Q2) The modification of existing mental patterns to fit new requirements is called A)assimilation.
B)accommodation.
C)egocentrism.
D)conservation.
Q3) The development of object permanence is to the sensorimotor stage as the development of conservation and reversibility are to the A)formal operations stage.
B)preoperational stage.
C)informal operational stage.
D)concrete operational stage.
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11
Chapter 3: Extension C: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Notable events, such as graduating from high school, getting married, having a child, or the death of a parent are best described as
A)moral dilemmas
B)developmental tasks
C)psychosocial dilemmas
D)developmental milestones
Q2) Skills that require speed and rapid learning are referred to as
A)preoperational abilities.
B)convergent abilities.
C)fluid abilities.
D)crystallized abilities.
Q3) According to Maggie Mamen, _____ parenting produces spoiled, self-indulgent children who have little self-control.
A)authoritative
B)power assertive
C)overly permissive
D)authoritarian
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Chapter 3: Extension D: Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Gould, around the age of 30 many people experience a minor life crisis in which they tend to ask themselves, "Is this it?" in regards to their previous life choices.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Michael's mother leaves the room, and when she returns, Michael continues to play, ignoring his mother's greeting.According to Mary Ainsworth's research, Michael is exhibiting a(n) ____________________ attachment. or
Q3) A psychologist explaining differences between two individuals in terms of activity levels, irritability, and distractibility is describing aspects of ____________________.
Q4) It is more common to "survive a crisis" at midlife than it is to make a "midcourse correction."
A)True
B)False
Q5) According to the ____________________ principle, muscular control spreads in a pattern from the center of the body to the extremities.
Q6) Discuss the five reactions to impending death as outlined by Kübler-Ross.
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Page 13
Chapter 4: Extension A: Sensation and Reality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Within one's eye, the light-sensitive cells are called _____ and are located in the
A)photoreceptors; retina
B)photoreceptors; cornea
C)phosphenes; lens
D)phosphenes; iris
Q2) Although Susan is able to visually recognize a car when she sees it, she is unable to tell where the car is or distinguish approaching cars from parked cars.Susan most likely has damage to the _____ pathway.
A)peripheral
B)central
C)dorsal
D)ventral
Q3) Visual perception is ultimately a function of the
A)muscular movements of the eye.
B)neural activity of the rods and cones.
C)particular pathways over which neural impulses travel.
D)neural activity in the brain.
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Chapter 4: Extension B: Sensation and Reality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would NOT be good advice to help a person to minimize motion sickness?
A)move your head as little as possible
B)lie down
C)fixate on a moving object
D)use slow, deep breathing
Q2) When you are in a group of people, surrounded by voices, you can choose to focus on the voice of the person you are facing or even choose to eavesdrop on conversations around the room.This is known as _____ and is a good example of the use of _____.
A)the "cocktail party effect"; selective attention.
B)the multisensory approach; selective adaptation
C)"mindblindness"; sensory overload
D)the sound threshold barrier; sensory deceleration
Q3) Regarding the sense of taste, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Taste sensitivity is related to how many taste buds you have on your tongue.
B)Supertasters tend to become overweight as compared to nontasters.
C)Sensitivity to tastes have a genetic basis.
D)PTC tastes bitter to about 70 percent of those tested and has no taste for the other 30 percent.
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Page 15
Chapter 5: Extension A: Perceiving the World
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When our attention is narrowly focused, we may experience
A)inattentional blindness.
B)sane hallucinations.
C)psychokinesis.
D)retinal disparity.
Q2) Which binocular cue is controlled by the muscles attached to one's eyeballs and allows one to estimate distance under 50 feet?
A)accommodation
B)linear perspective
C)convergence
D)overlap
Q3) Depth cues that require one eye are known as _____ depth cues.
A)unilateral
B)monozygotic
C)convergent
D)monocular
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16
Chapter 5: Extension B: Perceiving the World
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Sample Questions
Q1) Both ESP researchers and their critics agree that stage ESP
A)represents one of the situations in which psychic abilities are stable and repeatable.
B)is possible, but only for telepathic abilities.
C)must involve deception because of the difficulties in controlling psychic phenomena.
D)is possible only for the most gifted psychics.
Q2) Improved research techniques in parapsychology have resulted in
A)the ability to repeat spectacular results.
B)more positive results.
C)less skepticism among scientists.
D)fewer positive results.
Q3) If we can generalize from the results of research on adapting to inverted vision, a person adjusting to the distortion caused by glasses worn after cataract operations would adjust most quickly if allowed to A)move about voluntarily.
B)watch movies while seated.
C)practice reality testing.
D)undergo temporary sensory deprivation.
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17
Chapter 6: Extension A: States of Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the ______ of sleep, NREM sleep "calms" the brain, while REM sleep appears to "sharpen" our memories of the previous day's more important experiences.
A)activation-synthesis hypothesis
B)psychodynamic theory
C)dual process hypothesis
D)biological biasing theory
Q2) Sleep
A)is an innate biological rhythm.
B)is necessary for life.
C)may give way temporarily in times of great danger.
D)is characterized by all of these.
Q3) Throughout the lifespan, total sleep time
A)decreases as we get older.
B)increases as we get older.
C)decreases then increases after age 50
D)remains the same throughout life.
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Chapter 6: Extension B: States of Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) The use of a CPAP mask is an effective treatment for A)sleep apnea.
B)narcolepsy.
C)cataplexy.
D)somnambulism.
Q2) According to Freud, dreams express unconscious desires in
A)words spoken by a figure or to a figure within the dream.
B)dream symbols.
C)the actions openly exhibited by the actors within the dream.
D)readily expressed emotions.
Q3) Which of the following is LEAST often used by stage hypnotists?
A)actual induction of hypnosis
B)waking suggestibility
C)selection of responsive subjects
D)tricks and deception
Q4) A mantra would most commonly be used in
A)Perls' method of dream interpretation.
B)sensory deprivation research.
C)inducing hypnosis.
D)concentrative meditation.
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Chapter 6: Extension C: States of Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) The concept of moderated drinking involves pacing yourself so that you remain comfortable and pleasant based on keeping blood alcohol levels below
A)0.05.
B)0.5.
C)0.1.
D)0.2.
Q2) Serious problems related to MDMA use include
A)heart arrhythmias.
B)fatal heat exhaustion.
C)severe liver damage.
D)all of these.
Q3) Regarding alcohol, which of the following is/are TRUE?
A)Children of alcoholics and those who have other relatives who abuse alcohol are at greater risk for becoming alcohol abusers themselves.
B)Alcohol is absorbed faster and metabolized more slowly by women's bodies.
C)Alcohol abuse increases with the level of stress in people's lives.
D)All of these statements are true.
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20
Chapter 6: Extension D: States of Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the characteristics of the two major forms of meditation
Q2) ____________________ is a technique for eliminating nightmares that involves making the upsetting dream familiar while the person is awake as well as "mentally re-programming" future dream content.
Q3) The dream theorist ____________________ thought of dreams as plays and the dreamer as the playwright. or
Q4) Sleep paralysis, which normally prevents us from moving during REM sleep, can also occur just as we are beginning to wake up.During these episodes, people sometimes have _____________________.
Q5) Explain the difference among stimulants, depressants, and hallucinogens, and list three drugs that fit in each category.
Q6) During ____________________, the dreamer wakes within the dream and feels capable of normal thought and action.
Q7) Current research shows that the EEG patterns recorded during hypnosis are deep sleep patterns consisting of delta waves. A)True B)False
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Chapter 7: Extension A: Conditioning and Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) The learned expectancy in classical conditioning is that the A)US will follow the CS.
B)CS will follow the US.
C)response will have a specific effect.
D)consequence will follow the antecedent.
Q2) Classical conditioning is reinforced whenever the A)US is followed by, or paired with, a CS.
B)UR is preceded by the CR.
C)CS is followed by, or paired with, an US.
D)UR occurs at the same time as the CR.
Q3) If you wear a particular tie and gets lots of compliments, you are more likely to wear this tie more often.This illustrates A)reinforcement.
B)punishment.
C)a conditioned response.
D)an unconditioned response.
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22
Chapter 7: Extension B: Conditioning and Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) Two important aspects of stimulus control are operant stimulus _____ and operant stimulus _____.
A)generalization; discrimination.
B)inhibition; disinhibition.
C)habituation; dishabituation
D)extinction; spontaneous recovery
Q2) In the "It Pays to Be Good" program at the local school, children were given "good behavior" slips that could be exchanged for candy or toys at the end of the week.These slips of paper
A)are considered token reinforcers.
B)are secondary reinforcers.
C)will not lose their reinforcing value as quickly as primary reinforcers.
D)are characterized by all of these.
Q3) Through _____, learned responses that are not reinforced gradually fade away.
A)spontaneous recovery
B)intermittent fading
C)counterconditioning
D)operant extinction
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Chapter 7: Extension C: Conditioning and Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) In Bandura's classic Bo-Bo doll experiment, most of the children imitated
A)the live adult model, but not the filmed model.
B)the cartoon model, but not the live adult model.
C)the cartoon model and filmed model, but not the live adult model.
D)all of the models, whether live, filmed, or cartoon.
Q2) Which of the following studied how emotional reactions, such as fear, were learned through classical conditioning?
A) Ivan Pavlov
B) John B. Watson
C) B. F. Skinner
D) Albert Bandura
Q3) _____ is achieved by watching and imitating the actions of another person or by noting the consequences of the person's actions.
A)Classical conditioning
B)Operant conditioning
C)Observational learning
D)Response chaining
Q4) If you wear sunglasses to escape the glare of the sun, then you wear the sunglasses because of ____________________ reinforcement.
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Chapter 8: Extension A: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Information in long-term memory can be retained up to A)30 seconds.
B)one hour.
C)many years.
D)two seconds.
Q2) Regarding the evaluation of memory, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
A)Partial memories are common.
B)Whether you have "remembered" depends on how you were tested.
C)The feeling that a memory is available but not quite retrievable is known as the tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) state.
D)All of these statements are true.
Q3) You actually create a new _____ memory whenever you remember a past event in your life.Thus, you now have a memory of you remembering this past event.
A)procedural
B)semantic
C)episodic
D)eidetic
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25
Chapter 8: Extension B: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) No matter how real a recovered memory may seem, it must be verified by A)medical or police evidence.
B)using the drug Amytal ("truth serum").
C)having the person hypnotized by at least two therapists.
D)all of these methods.
Q2) In a case study reported by Milner, a patient having damage to the hippocampus
A)showed an inability to retain information in short-term memory.
B)had a clear memory of events taking place after the operation.
C)found new learning almost impossible.
D)suffered from retrograde amnesia.
Q3) In a classic study on memory, the researcher showed people 2,560 photographs at a rate of one every ten seconds.Each person was then shown 280 pairs of photographs.Each pair included an "old" picture (from the first set of photos) and a similar "new" image.The subjects could tell _____ percent of the time which photgraph they had seen before.
A)only 5
B)15 to 25
C)45 to 55
D)85 to 95
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Page 26
Chapter 8: Extension C: Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) The major problem with using hypnosis in police work is the occurrence of false memories.
A)True
B)False
Q2) You must use explicit memory in answering the questions on your psychology test.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Recall is the most sensitive test of memory.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The best way to make use of spaced practice is to A)schedule your time.
B)use the progressive-whole method.
C)sleep less.
D)utilize the cognitive interview method.
Q5) When a person is sad and depressed, he or she has a tendency to remember more sad memories.This is referred to as ____________________ learning. or
Q6) Explain the difference in mental images and eidetic imagery.
Q7) Icons and echoes are part of _______ memory.
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Chapter 9: Extension A: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Developing expertise in an area allows for more _____, or fast, fairly effortless thinking based on experience with similar problems.
A)automatic processing
B)algorithmic problem-solving
C)mnemonic strategies
D)trial and error strategies
Q2) The symbols we call words are built out of _____ and _____.
A)algorithms; heuristics
B)conjunctive; disjunctive concepts
C)morphemes; phonemes
D)connotative; denotative meanings
Q3) The MAIN difference between an expert and a novice chess player is that the expert
A)exhibits an exceptional memory.
B)explore more moves ahead of the novice player.
C)recognizes the best patterns of play.
D)has strengthened his or her mind through specialized training.
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Chapter 9: Extension B: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Binet was asked to help find a way to distinguish slower students from more capable ones, and this led to Binet's development of
A)artificial intelligence.
B)the first individual intelligence test.
C)the multiple intelligence model.
D)the first test of creative thinking.
Q2) The original Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale was
A)a specialized group test for measuring adult intelligence.
B)made up of age-ranked questions that get a little harder at each age level.
C)only useful for intelligence testing with infants and very young children.
D)designed to test stable aspects of divergent thinking that are unaffected by experience or education.
Q3) One of the ways we could avoid fixations in problem-solving would be to A)visualize the solution rather than physically moving items around.
B)physically interact with aspects of the problem rather than deal with them intellectually.
C)focus on the first solution that comes to mind.
D)take a more flexible approach in categorizing the world.
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Chapter 9: Extension C: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tests developed so that they will not disadvantage certain groups
A)are culture-fair.
B)are economically balanced.
C)include the DOVE test.
D)are culture-free.
Q2) The percentage of those with an IQ score below 70 is
A)2.2%.
B)6.7%.
C)16.1%.
D)50%.
Q3) A(n) _____intellectual disability may result from damage due to teratogens, a lack of oxygen at birth, or defective genes.
A)organic
B)biopsychosocial
C)familial
D)environmental
Q4) The form of imagery that is especially important in music, sports, dance, and martial arts is kinesthetic imagery.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Extension D: Cognition, Language, Creativity, and Intelligence
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58191
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe how a mental image is formed, and explain the differences in stored and created images.
Q2) In the Skeels study, intellectually-disabled children were moved from an orphanage to a setting in which they received more personal attention.The children's IQ, on the average, ____________________. or
Q3) Describe and give an example of each of the following errors made when using intuition: (a) representativeness heuristic, (b) emotion, (c) ignoring the base rate, and (d) framing.
Q4) ____________________ is an internal representation of a problem or situation involving images, concepts, and symbols.
Q5) A(n) ____________________ intellectual disability occurs most often in very poor households where nutrition, intellectual stimulation, medical care, and emotional support are inadequate.
Q6) Explain how the Stanford-Binet (SB5) and Wechsler tests are similar to the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and how they are different.
Q7) Describe and give an example of each of the four barriers to problem-solving.
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Chapter 10: Extension A: Motivation and Emotion
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58249
Sample Questions
Q1) Biological needs that must be met for survival are called _____ motives.
A)primary
B)secondary
C)prepotent
D)stimulus
Q2) According to Zellner, Harner, and Adler's study of the perception of ideal body weight by women, _____ wanted to be thinner than what they though men find attractive.
A)only women with normal eating habits
B)only women with abnormal eating habits
C)both women with normal and abnormal eating habits
D)none of the women
Q3) When your body falls below its set point for body temperature, your body will automatically try to bring the body back into
A)optimum potential level.
B)thermostatic potential.
C)homeostasis.
D)incentive levels.
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Chapter 10: Extension B: Motivation and Emotion
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58248
Sample Questions
Q1) If you are a big fan of horror movies and carnival rides and find them "thrilling" rather than "terrifying," then your addiction to these pursuits is probably best explained by the _____ theory.
A)drive reduction
B)Yerkes-Dodson
C)opponent-process
D)Cannon-Bard
Q2) You are feeling happy and sad at the same time.Research into brain activity would indicate that processing is primarily occurring in the A)midbrain.
B)left hemisphere for the positive emotion and the right hemisphere for the negative emotion.
C)right hemisphere for the positive emotion and the left hemisphere for the negative emotion.
D)corpus callosum that connects the two hemispheres.
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Chapter 10: Extension C: Motivation and Emotion
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224 Verified Questions
224 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58247
Sample Questions
Q1) Lie detectors, or polygraphs, measure all but one of the following.Which do they NOT measure?
A)GSR
B)blood pressure
C)breathing rate
D)EEG
Q2) Pleasantness-unpleasantness, attention-rejection, and activation (arousal) are the three basic dimensions of A)body posture.
B)voice inflection.
C)facial expressions.
D)gestures.
Q3) Feeling dizzy or fainting at the sight of a traumatic injury occurs as a result of
A)sympathetic underreaction that lowers blood pressure too much.
B)sympathetic underreaction that raises blood pressure too much.
C)parasympathetic overreaction that raises blood pressure too much.
D)parasympathetic overreaction that lowers blood pressure too much.
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34
Chapter 10: Extension D: Motivation and Emotion
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jet lag is worse when you fly west, and usually takes about a day to get over.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Carl always seems to wear the latest fashion, drives a sporty car, is seen at all the important events, and only associates with the most popular people on campus.McClelland would say that Carl has a high need for
Q3) Shana gorges on food and then vomits or takes laxatives to avoid gaining weight.Shana would most likely be diagnosed with ____________________.
Q4) According to Maslow, _____________________ is the highest need and is at the top of his hierarchy of human motives. or
Q5) If you have sweated a great deal from exercising, a slightly salty liquid will more readily satisfy your ____________________ thirst.
Q6) According to positive psychology, negative emotions tend to narrow our focus, while positive emotions tend to broaden our focus.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 11: Extension A: Gender and Sexuality
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58245
Sample Questions
Q1) If one identical twin is homosexual or bisexual, there is a(n) _____ percent chance that the other twin is, too.
A)25
B)50
C)75
D)85
Q2) Which of the following structures is NOT part of the female reproductive system?
A)labia majora
B)labia minora
C)Cowper's gland
D)cervix
Q3) A developing female may be masculinized by the anti-miscarriage drug _____ or by a problem known as _____.
A)progestin; androgenital syndrome
B)progestin; androgen insensitivity
C)thalidomide; androgenital syndrome
D)thalidomide; androgen insensitivity
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Chapter 11: Extension B: Gender and Sexuality
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58244
Sample Questions
Q1) The high rate of AIDS in countries in Africa is most likely due to all of the following EXCEPT
A)having more sexual partners than most developing countries.
B)the high rates of other venereal disease in Africa.
C)the lack of knowledge about preventing and treating veneral diseases.
D)the lack of access to condoms.
Q2) If an adult tries to engage a child in sexual activity the child should
A)shout "no" as loud as he or she can.
B)comply so that he/she won't be physically harmed.
C)tell an adult right after the sexual act has occurred.
D)try to physically hurt the molester.
Q3) Regarding rape statistics, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)At least one woman in seven will be raped in her lifetime.
B)Marital rape is usually not accompanied by any other non-sexual violence.
C)Pregnancy is one result of rape in 32,000 cases every year.
D)Up to 30 percent of rape victims contract sexually transmitted diseases.
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Chapter 11: Extension C: Gender and Sexuality
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Among gay men there was a sharp decrease in risky sex initially, but this trend has recently reversed.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Hypoactive sexual desire is
A)more common in women.
B)more common in men.
C)equally common in men and women.
D)more common in younger women and older men.
Q3) In the absence of testosterone, the embryo will develop female organs and genitals.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Saving up feelings and complaints and then "dumping" them during an argument is called ____________________.
Q5) Sexual aversion is considered a(n)
A)desire disorder.
B)arousal disorder.
C)orgasm disorder.
D)sexual pain disorder.
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Chapter 12: Extension A: Personality
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58242
Sample Questions
Q1) The _____ reflects actions for which a person has been punished in the past.
A)ego ideal
B)id
C)ego
D)conscience
Q2) Freud believed that personality was typified by a
A)delicate balance of power among the three personality structures.
B)lack of struggle among the three personality structures in the healthy individual.
C)lack of struggle among the three personality structures in the unhealthy individual.
D)state of struggle among the three personality structures in which the id gets caught in the middle.
Q3) The term personality refers to
A)the hereditary aspects of one's emotional nature.
B)unique and enduring behavior patterns.
C)favorable and unfavorable personal characteristics.
D)charisma, character, or temperament.
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Chapter 12: Extension B: Personality
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58241
Sample Questions
Q1) According to Dollard and Miller, cues are signals from the environment that guide _____ so that they are most likely to bring about reward.
A)drives
B)responses
C)situational determinants
D)traits
Q2) Regarding Freud's theories, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Even though there has been criticisms of Freud's theories, the fact remains that there is an element of truth to much of what he said.
B)Some clinical psychologists continue to regard Freudian theory as a useful way to think about human problems.
C)Because his theory has led to numerous predictions about human nature, it has been verified scientifically.
D)Society's tendency to disbelieve molested children and women who were raped can be traced to Freud's tendency to disbelieve his patients when they related these incidents.
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Chapter 12: Extension C: Personality
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246 Verified Questions
246 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sue is about ten pounds over her ideal weight and has decided to go on a diet.In her mind, she has an image of herself as a slim person, wearing all the latest fashions if she maintains the diet as well as an image of herself becoming grossly obese if she goes "off" the diet.These two images represent her
A)ego ideals.
B)actualized potentials.
C)conditions of worth.
D)possible selves.
Q2) Which of the following would be a productive belief to help reduce shyness?
A)"Shy people tend to seek out other shy people."
B)"I may think other people are harshly evaluating me, but actually I am being too hard on myself."
C)"If someone does not seem to like you right away, realize that they never will like you, and move on to someone else."
D)"Wait until you are completely relaxed and comfortable before taking a social risk."
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Chapter 12: Extension D: Personality
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When desirable or undesirable characteristics of personality are evaluated, we are assessing ____________________.
Q2) Concerning the cultural differences in self-esteem, Americans tend to emphasize individual accomplishments, while the Chinese tend to emphasize group accomplishments.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The superego contains the conscience and ego ideal.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Betsy is a psychologist who is recording the frequency of a child's inattention and out-of-seat behavior.She is using a technique known as situational testing.
A)True
B)False
Q5) According to social learning theory, a child's feeling of being emotionally connected to another person is referred to as ____________________, while a child's attempts to match his or her behavior to another person's behavior is called ____________________.
Q6) The best way to judge a theory is by its ____________________.
42
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Chapter 13: Extension A: Health, Stress, and Coping
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58238
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would be the WORST type of stress for a person?
A)one that is unpredictable and cannot be controlled
B)one that is unpredictable and can be controlled
C)one that is predictable and cannot be controlled
D)one that is predictable and can be controlled
Q2) Paul had planned to go on a two-week vacation.Because of problems at work, he will only be able to take off a couple of days now and then during the summer.So, Paul searches the Internet for interesting places to visit within short driving distances.Paul is dealing with this situation by using _____ coping.
A)emotion-focused
B)directive
C)problem-focused
D)primary appraisal
Q3) Which of the following represents a frustration whose source is personal?
A)Traffic delays you on the way to an important test.
B)You want to play tackle for a professional football team but you weigh only 150 pounds and played on the second string team all though high school.
C)You must choose between attending two colleges, both equally desirable to you.
D)You did not win the lottery, after buying a ticket.
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Page 43
Chapter 13: Extension B: Health, Stress, and Coping
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58237
Sample Questions
Q1) Regarding the experiments on learning helplessness, animals that first learn to escape shock
A)become more resistant to learned helplessness.
B)will continue to be persistent in trying to flee inescapable shock, even when the situation is really "hopeless."
C)appear to be "immunized" against helplessness.
D)exhibit all of these characteristics.
Q2) Ronjela witnessed a horrific murder, but cannot seem to remember any of it no matter how hard she tries.Ronjela's inability to recall the event is most likely due to A)denial.
B)projection.
C)repression.
D)sublimation.
Q3) Psychological escape from frustration
A)could include the use of drugs.
B)could involve feigned apathy.
C)is an example of ineffective emotion-focused coping.
D)is all of these.
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Chapter 13: Extension C: Health, Stress, and Coping
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221 Verified Questions
221 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58236
Sample Questions
Q1) The upsetting thoughts that occur during a stressful event can be counteracted by A)ignoring them.
B)making coping statements.
C)progressive relaxation.
D)leaving the field.
Q2) ____ involves the person receiving information about his or her ongoing bodily activities, which aids the person in voluntarily regulating these bodily activities.
A)Biocognition
B)Bioencephalography
C)Biomeditation
D)Biofeedback
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a way to reduce hostility, according to Williams?
A)Learn to be passive in upsetting situations.
B)Practice trusting others more.
C)Learn to laugh at yourself.
D)When angry, try to mentally put yourself in the other person's place.
Q4) ____________________ is a program that was designed to teach youths how to resist pressures to smoke and has been applied to other drugs and health risks.
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Chapter 14: Extension A: Psychological Disorders
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58235
Sample Questions
Q1) Lead poisoning can occur
A)when children eat leaded paint flakes, like they were candy.
B)from eating or drinking foods in lead-glazed pottery.
C)from lead deposited years ago from automobile exhaust.
D)from any of these.
Q2) Afflictions such as Susto and Ghost sickness are evidence that
A)psychopathology still has a long way to go before it can explain all mental disorders.
B)multiple disorders seen one culture may fuse into one illness in another culture.
C)there is a cross-cultural need to put labels on disturbed behaviors.
D)mental health may be adversely affected by supernatural forces.
Q3) Delusions involve
A)false beliefs that are held even when the facts contradict them.
B)imaginary sensations that don't exist in the real world.
C)major disturbances in mood or emotion.
D)unusual behaviors, such as tics and waxy flexibility.
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Chapter 14: Extension B: Psychological Disorders
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58234
Sample Questions
Q1) In view of current research, choose the best summary statement concerning the cause(s) of schizophrenia.
A)Inherited potential and environmental stress combine to bring about disruptive changes in brain chemistry.
B)Schizophrenics are really adapting to an impossible environment created by double-bind communication.
C)A by-product of adrenaline called adrenochrome accumulates in the schizophrenic's body.
D)Extremely traumatic experiences early in childhood cause the first split in personality to form.
Q2) Most people have mild phobias, but they are not considered phobia disorders unless A)the person in question has previously had a traumatic experience with the subject of their fear.
B)the fear is disruptive to daily life.
C)they are identified in the DSM.
D)the phobia has been named, like claustrophobia; otherwise it is generalized anxiety.
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Chapter 14: Extension C: Psychological Disorders
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232 Verified Questions
232 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person who is deeply distrustful and suspicious of others, as well as being guarded and hypersensitive, may be classified as
A)dependent.
B)antisocial.
C)narcissistic.
D)paranoid.
Q2) Historically, psychiatric terms have been abused by being applied to culturally disapproved behaviors that were not really disorders.Some of those that were once considered mental disorders but are not considered disorders today include which of the following?
A)childhood masturbation
B)self-defeating personality
C)homosexuality
D)all of these
Q3) The susceptibility to anxiety-based disorders appears to be
A)completely inherited.
B)partly inherited.
C)completely caused by environmental factors.
D)of an unknown origin.
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Page 48
Chapter 14: Extension D: Psychological Disorders
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58232
Sample Questions
Q1) The symptoms of seasonal affective disorder have been successfully treated with exposure to bright lights.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Imaginary sensations, such as seeing, hearing, or smelling things that do not exist in the real world are known as _____________________.
Q3) A psychoanalyst, a behavioral therapist, and a cognitive therapist are discussing the causes of depression.What is each therapist likely to say is the cause of depression?
Q4) A friend of yours mistakenly thinks that a person with multiple personalities and a person with schizophrenia have the same condition.Explain to your friend why these two conditions are different.
Q5) When her family found her, Sarah was living in Memphis, Tennessee, under the name of Samantha Agnew and working as a sales clerk.Sarah claims that she has no memory of her previous life as a pediatrician in Houston who treated young cancer patients.It appears that Sarah wandered away from her home and work due to stress.She would be diagnosed with a(n) ____________________ disorder.
Q6) Describe the disorders known as Munchausen by proxy and Munchausen syndrome.
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Page 49
Chapter 15: Extension A: Therapies
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58231
Sample Questions
Q1) Ergot
A)was used to treat patients after trepanning.
B)can cause convulsions, delirium, and hallucinations.
C)is a bacterium discovered by Pinel that causes mental illness.
D)was the term applied to the ravings of lunatics.
Q2) The _____ approach emphasizes immediate experience and encourages clients to become more aware of their moment-to-moment thoughts, perceptions and emotions as well as to accept responsibility for these thoughts, feelings, and actions.
A)behavioral
B)client-centered
C)psychoanalytic
D)Gestalt
Q3) Freud called his form of psychotherapy
A)hysteria therapy.
B)somatotherapy.
C)psychoanalysis.
D)transference therapy.
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Chapter 15: Extension B: Therapies
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58230
Sample Questions
Q1) In a technique called role reversal, a husband who complained of an uncommunicative wife would
A)act out the role of his wife in a therapeutic setting.
B)play his typical role in the therapeutic setting.
C)take the role of the therapist treating someone like himself.
D)study the actions of his wife after he has failed to communicate with her.
Q2) John attends Alcoholics Anonymous meetings.These sessions
A)do not fit the guidelines to be considered a group therapy.
B)will be less effective than individual therapy for his disorder.
C)will have group members with similar problems who can offer support and useful input.
D)are characterized by all of these.
Q3) By using tokens, a therapist can
A)immediately reward positive responses.
B)vicariously desensitize a person to feared stimulus.
C)classically condition desirable behaviors.
D)extinguish anxieties and phobias.
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Chapter 15: Extension C: Therapies
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250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58229
Sample Questions
Q1) In order to lose weight, you imagine yourself standing at the dessert table with your friends.In your visual image, when you are offered a dessert, you politely turn it down and feel good about staying on your diet.These images are then followed by a pleasant, rewarding scene, such as someone telling you, "Wow, have you lost weight? You look great.I wish I had your willpower to lose weight." You have just used the technique known as
A)thought-stopping.
B)covert sensitization.
C)desensitization.
D)covert reinforcement.
Q2) When you are using the counseling skill known as reflection, you
A)give feedback by simply restating what was said.
B)ask open-ended questions.
C)encourage catharsis by eliciting defensiveness in the person you are counseling.
D)do all of these.
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Chapter 15: Extension D: Therapies
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________________ therapy utilizes classical conditioning in helping individuals suppress an undesirable response by associating it with uncomfortable stimuli.
Q2) ____________________ is the reduced use of full-time commitment to mental institutions that has resulted in many former patients being homeless or repeatedly jailed.
Q3) ____________________ therapists try to change troublesome actions, while ____________________ therapists try to change thinking patterns that lead to troublesome emotions or behaviors.
Q4) Gestalt therapists are more directive than client-centered or existential therapists.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Eye movement desensitization involves having clients visualize upsetting images, while watching a pencil being moved side-to-side before their eyes.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Major tranquilizers are also referred to as ____________________ drugs.
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Page 53
Chapter 16: Extension A: Social Thinking and Social Influence
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58227
Sample Questions
Q1) The experiment on the autokinetic effect demonstrates _____ influence.
A)proxemic
B)status
C)social
D)perceptual
Q2) Regarding the relationship of status and touching, _____ are more likely to touch _____ than the reverse.
A)people of lower economic status; people of higher economic status
B)younger persons; older persons
C)men; women
D)employees; their bosses
Q3) Which attitude measurement technique would ask a person to say of a particular group, "Would allow to marry a family member"?
A)a social distance scale
B)a social aversion inventory
C)an open-ended interview
D)an attitude scale
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Page 54
Chapter 16: Extension B: Social Thinking and Social Influence
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58226
Sample Questions
Q1) When people are separated by more than 12 feet, people look "flat," and they must raise their voices to speak to one another.According to Hall, this distance would constitute which of the four basic zones of personal space?
A)intimate
B)personal
C)public
D)social
Q2) After you take a test drive of a car, the car dealer asks you to go into the office and fill out some papers, just to see what kind of price the dealership could offer you.If you comply with this request, you have succumbed to the _____, which will lead to you being more likely to purchase the car.
A)highball technique
B)lowball technique
C)foot-in-the-door effect
D)door-in-the-face effect
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Page 55
Chapter 16: Extension C: Social Thinking and Social Influence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Missy is a college student attending a college thousands of miles from her hometown.She has made few friends at the college and has just broken up with her long-time boyfriend back home.According to Margaret Singer, Missy would be extremely susceptible to A)just world beliefs.
B)brainwashing.
C)cult conversion.
D)an empathy-helping relationship.
Q2) ____________________ is the process of making inferences about behavior.
Q3) The tendency we have to view internal causes as the reason for other people's behavior is known as the ____________________.
Q4) Unlike true spiritual leaders, cult leaders encourage their followers to A)strive for security over critical thinking.
B)question their beliefs and reach their own conclusions about their lives.
C)show love and compassion to all people.
D)do all of these.
Q5) Rewards and punishments, such as approval or disapproval, administered by groups to enforce conformity among members are known as ____________________.
Q6) Explain each of the three compliance techniques, and give an example of each. Page 56
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Chapter 17: Extension A: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior
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250 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jessica has decided to end her relationship with Carlos.Although he can be very sweet at times, Jessica feels that it is just taking too much effort to deal with his bad moods and his anger.Jessica's decision to break up with Carlos is best explained by the A)complementary needs theory
B)social exchange theory
C)gain-loss theory
D)social comparison theory
Q2) Wendy has just joined the community college tennis team.She loses her first two matches, while her other team members won both of their matches.Wendy's _____ comparison to her teammates has motivated her to increase her practice time and concentrate on improving her baseline shots.
A)upward
B)unilateral
C)downward
D)bilateral
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Chapter 17: Extension B: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior
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250 Verified Questions
250 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58223
Sample Questions
Q1) An African-American candidate and a European-American candidate apply for a job.However, both are only moderately qualified for the position.The person making the hiring decision is a European-American.Which of the following statements best illustrates the most likely outcome?
A)The European-American will most likely be hired because he is given the "benefit of the doubt" regarding his abilities by the person hiring.
B)The African-American will most likely be hired as the European-American making the decision will overcompensate out of a fear of being discriminatory.
C)Neither candidate will be hired because they are only moderately qualified.
D)There is no way to predict which candidate will be hired.
Q2) Exposure to mass media images that have violent and sexual content increases all of the following EXCEPT
A)aggressive sexual fantasies.
B)aggressive behavior.
C)bizarre sexual acts.
D)beliefs in rape myths.
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Chapter 17: Extension C: Prosocial and Antisocial Behavior
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/58222
Sample Questions
Q1) Explain how frustration, aversive stimuli, and aggression cues encourage aggression.
Q2) Scapegoating involves projection and reaction formation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which social psychology topic is most related to the 1964 murder case of Kitty Genovese?
A)racism
B)obedience
C)groupthink
D)bystander apathy
Q4) Any behavior that has a negative impact on other people is referred to as ____________________ behavior.
Q5) When intervening means "reporting an incident" _____ likely to respond, while if the intervention requires direct action, _____ likely to respond.
A)women are more; men are more
B)women are more likely; men and women are equally
C)men and women are equally; men are more
D)men and women are equally; men and women are equally
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Chapter 18: Extension A: Applied Psychology
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249 Verified Questions
249 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Organizational _____ refers to the extent to which a worker becomes involved within the organization.
A)culture
B)enrichment
C)citizenship
D)climatology
Q2) Versions of Fredrick Taylor's approach to improve worker efficiency are referred to as _____ leadership.
A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)Type A
D)Type B
Q3) Concerns with worker retention, minimizing absenteeism, and sustaining good morale and labor relations are all part of A)psychological efficiency.
B)creative management.
C)work efficiency.
D)participatory leadership.
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Chapter 18: Extension B: Applied Psychology
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250 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT associated with peak levels of performance?
A)The athlete becomes one with his or her performance.
B)The athlete experiences a trance-like state.
C)The athlete feels as if time is speeding up.
D)The athlete experiences high levels of concentration and a sense of detachment.
Q2) With respect to social dilemmas, people are more likely to restrain themselves from inappropriate behavior if
A)others are in the same social dilemma.
B)the social dilemma involves a lack of structure.
C)they believe others will also restrain themselves.
D)the social dilemma involves an element of groupthink.
Q3) Social dilemmas can be dismantled by rearranging
A)rewards and costs.
B)supply and demand.
C)compliance and assertiveness.
D)the tendency toward groupthink.
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Chapter 18: Extension C: Applied Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Children who were subjected to noise pollution while attending school near an airport showed higher blood pressure.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Natural settings, such as forests and beaches, as well as environments built by humans, such as buildings, ships, and cities would be classified by environmental psychologists as behavioral settings.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Sports psychologists have found that children are more likely to benefit from participation in sports when competition is emphasized.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the activities utilized by personnel psychologists in selecting employees.
Q5) Explain the purpose and results of the strategy known as job enrichment, and describe how it can be implemented within a company.
Q6) Describe five problems that occur in jury deliberations.
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Page 63
Chapter 19: Appendix A: Behavioral Statistics
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Q1) The absence of a mathematical relationship between two measures is referred to as a
A)zero correlation.
B)null hypothesis.
C)variable relationship.
D)negative correlation.
Q2) Dr.Rodriguez discovers that the more education people have, the more money they tend to earn.Dr.Rodriguez has illustrated a(n) _____ correlation.
A)zero correlation.
B)positive relationship.
C)variable relationship.
D)negative relationship.
Q3) Which of the following correlation coefficents indicates the weakest relationship?
A)+.69
B)-.85
C)-1.27
D)+.35
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Chapter 20: Appendix B: Behavioral Statistics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the function of the measures of variability; and name and define two of these measures.
Q2) The results of a test of significance are stated as a(n) _____.
Q3) Juanita has determined that the correlation between her vocabulary screening test and her students' reading scores is .40.This means that _____ percent of the variation in reading scores is accounted for by knowing the students' scores on the screening test.
Q4) What is a z-score? Explain how it is calculated in the following example: Abby had a score of 75 on a test with a mean of 70 and a standard deviation of 5.What is her z-score?
Q5) Professor Waters calculated the mean, median, and mode of the scores made on the midterm exam.These descriptive statistics are known as the measures of _____.
Q6) A bell-shaped distribution, with a large number of scores in the middle, tapering to very few extremely high and low scores is known as a(n) _____.
Q7) The Jones have five children aged three, five, seven, 10 and 12.The median age of the Jones children is _____.
Q8) When measure X gets larger, measure Y gets smaller in a(n) _____ correlation.
Q9) The median is a measure of _____, while the range is a measure of _____.
Page 65
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