Principles of Chemistry Exam Preparation Guide - 929 Verified Questions

Page 1


Chapter 2: Electrons and the Periodic Table

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107 Verified Questions

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Sample Questions

Q1) An element with the electron configuration [noble gas]ns<sup>2</sup>(n 1)d<sup>10</sup>np<sup>3</sup> has ____________ valence electrons.

A)2

B)3

C)5

D)10

E)15

Answer: C

Q2) The ground-state electron configuration of a calcium atom is

A)[Ne]3s<sup>2</sup>

B)[Ne]3s<sup>2</sup>3p<sup>6</sup>

C)[Ar]4s<sup>1</sup>3d<sup>1</sup>

D)[Ar]4s<sup>2</sup>

E)[Ar]3d<sup>2</sup>

Answer: D

Q3) Each shell (principal energy level) of quantum number n contains n subshells.

A)True

B)False

Answer: True

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Page 4

Chapter 3: Compounds and Chemical Bonds

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Sample Questions

Q1) A scoop of vanilla ice cream is a pure substance.

A)True

B)False

Answer: False

Q2) The compound, P<sub>4</sub>S<sub>10</sub>, is used in the manufacture of safety matches.What is its name?

A)phosphorus sulfide

B)phosphoric sulfide

C)phosphorus decasulfide

D)tetraphosphorus decasulfide

E)phosphorus sulfite

Answer: D

Q3) Which of these pairs of elements would be most likely to form an ionic compound?

A)Cl and I

B)Al and K

C)Cl and Mg

D)C and S

E)Al and Mg

Answer: C

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Page 5

Chapter 5: The Mole and Chemical Formulas

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Sample Questions

Q1) Calculate the molecular mass of tetraphosphorus decaoxide, P<sub>4</sub>O<sub>10</sub>, a corrosive substance which can be used as a drying agent.

A)469.73 amu

B)283.88 amu

C)190.97 amu

D)139.88 amu

E)94.97 amu

Q2) Five vials each contain 12 grams of a solid metal sample.The samples include calcium, platinum, barium, gold, and silver.Which vial has the fewest moles of metal atoms?

A)Calcium

B)Barium

C)Gold

D)Silver

E)Platinum

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Chapter 6: Molecular Shape

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71 Verified Questions

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following pure substances has the strongest dispersion forces?

A)C<sub>4</sub>H<sub>10</sub>

B)C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>12</sub>

C)C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>14</sub>

D)C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub>

E)C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>18</sub>

Q2) What is the number of lone electron pairs on the central atom of a molecule having a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry, such as NH<sub>3</sub>?

A)1

B)2

C)3

D)0

E)4

Q3) Which is the most reasonable prediction for the H-C-H bond angle in CH<sub>4</sub>? A)90°

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Chapter 7: Solids, Liquids, and Phase Changes

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Sample Questions

Q1) Place the substances in order of increasing melting point. CH<sub>4</sub>

C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>

C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>

A)C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> < C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> < CH<sub>4</sub>

B)C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> < CH<sub>4</sub> < C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>

C)C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> < CH<sub>4</sub> < C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub>

D)CH<sub>4</sub> < C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> < C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub>

E)C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> < C<sub>3</sub>H<sub>8</sub> < CH<sub>4</sub>

Q2) A 275-g sample of nickel at l00.0°C is placed in 100.0 g of water at 22.0°C.What is the final temperature of the water? Assume no heat transfer with the surroundings.The specific heat of nickel is 0.444 J/g·°C and the specific heat of water is 4.184 J/g·°C.

A)39.6°C

B)40.8°C

C)61.0°C

D)79.2°C

E)82.4°C

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Chapter 8: Gases

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Sample Questions

Q1) Determine the partial pressure of N<sub>2</sub> in a gas mixture composed of 1.0 mol of N<sub>2</sub> and 1.5 mol of Ar.The mixture is at 0.0ºC in a 10.0-liter container.

A)3.36 atm

B)0.00 atm

C)5.60 atm

D)6.12 atm

E)2.24 atm

Q2) Determine the partial pressure of helium in a gas mixture composed of 10.0 grams of CO<sub>2</sub> and 10.0 grams of helium.The mixture is at 75ºC in a 12.0-liter container.

A)5.95 atm

B)1.28 atm

C)0.541 atm

D)0.117 atm

E)7.23 atm

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Chapter 9: Physical Properties of Solutions

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Sample Questions

Q1) Determine the volume of a 0.0246 M Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> solution that contains 11.8 grams of Li<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>.

A)2.41 L

B)4.80 L

C)4.14 L

D)2.08 L

E)3.19 L

Q2) What is the freezing point of a solution prepared from 50.0 g ethylene glycol (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and 85.0 g H<sub>2</sub>O? (For water, K<sub>f</sub> = 1.86°C/m)

A)17.6°C

B) 176°C

C) 1.50°C

D)1.50°C

E) 17.6°C

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Chapter 10: Chemical Reactions and Chemical Equations

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65 Verified Questions

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Sample Questions

Q1) What is the oxidation number of iodine in I<sub>2</sub>?

A) 1

B)0

C)+1

D)+7

E) 7

Q2) Identify the reducing agent in the chemical reaction Cd + NiO<sub>2</sub> + 2H<sub>2</sub>O Cd(OH)<sub>2</sub> + Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>

A)Cd

B)NiO<sub>2</sub>

C)H<sub>2</sub>O

D)Cd(OH)<sub>2</sub>

E)Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>

Q3) What is the oxidation number of N in K<sub>3</sub>Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>?

A)+3

B) 3

C)+4

D) 5

E)+1

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Page 12

Chapter 11: Using Balanced Chemical Equations

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Sample Questions

Q1) What is the volume of NH<sub>3</sub> produced in the following reaction when 3.0 L of N<sub>2</sub> reacts with 4.0 L of H<sub>2</sub> ? N<sub>2</sub>(g) + 3H<sub>2</sub>(g) 2NH<sub>3</sub>(g)

A)1.5 L

B)2.7 L

C)6.0 L

D)7.5 L

E)12 L

Q2) What mass of sodium carbonate is required for complete reaction with 8.35 g of nitric acid to produce sodium nitrate, carbon dioxide, and water?

A)28.1 g

B)14.04 g

C)4.96 g

D)7.02 g

E)400.0 g

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13

Chapter 12: Acids and Bases

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which is the strongest acid?

A)HBrO<sub>3</sub>

B)HClO

C)HBrO<sub>2</sub>

D)HBrO

E)HClO<sub>3</sub>

Q2) Which of the following is a strong acid?

A)H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>

B)HNO<sub>3</sub>

C)HF

D)CH<sub>3</sub>COOH

E)H<sub>2</sub>O

Q3) A solution with a pH of 8.15 is

A)slightly acidic.

B)very basic.

C)neutral.

D)very acidic.

E)slightly basic.

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14

Chapter 13: Equilibrium

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Sample Questions

Q1) When a reaction system reaches equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions stop.

A)True

B)False

Q2) If, in a particular process, reactants are able to form products, and products are also able to form reactants, then this process may be described as

A)a reversible process.

B)an elementary process.

C)at equilibrium.

D)forbidden.

E)a forward process.

Q3) At equilibrium, the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction.

A)True

B)False

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15

Chapter 14: Organic Chemistry

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Sample Questions

Q1) What label is given to an alkyl group?

A)Alk

B)A

C)K

D)R

E)AG

Q2) The alkane with six carbon atoms is called

A)butane.

B)hexane.

C)heptane.

D)butene.

E)None of these choices is correct.

Q3) Which organic compounds contain only singly bonded carbons and hydrogens?

A)Aromatic compounds

B)Alkenes

C)Cyclic compounds

D)Alkanes

E)Alkynes

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Chapter 15: Biochemistry

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20 Verified Questions

20 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following describes a phospholipid?

A)A molecules composed of three small sugar molecules.

B)A diglyceride with an organic phosphate group in place of one of the fatty acids.

C)A relatively small, water-soluble molecule that contains either a ketone or an aldehyde functional group.

D)And ester of phosphoric acid where one or more of the ionizable hydrogen atoms has been replaced by an R group.

E)A tri-ester of glycerol where each of the hydroxyl-group hydrogen atoms in glycerol has been replaced by the alkyl group of a relatively long hydrocarbon chain carboxylic acid.

Q2) The backbone of a strand of nucleic acid consists of

A)phosphate units only.

B)phosphate and sugar units.

C)polyester.

D)phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen base units.

E)sugar units only.

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Chapter 16: Nuclear Chemistry

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38 Verified Questions

38 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) What other particle is emitted when a neutron is converted to a proton in a nucleus?

A)Gamma particle

B)Alpha particle

C)Positron

D)Beta particle

E)None of the answers is correct.

Q2) What is the nuclear process called where small nuclei are combined into larger ones?

A)Photonuclear reactions

B)Nuclear fission

C)Thermal conductivity

D)Nuclear combination

E)Nuclear fusion

Q3) Which of the following is used to image the heart?

A)(<sup>18</sup>O)

B)(<sup>131</sup>I)

C)(<sup>123</sup>I)

D)(<sup>24</sup>Na)

E)(<sup>99</sup>Tc)

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Page 18

Chapter 17: Electrochemistry

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30 Verified Questions

30 Flashcards

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Sample Questions

Q1) When the following redox equation is balanced with the smallest whole number coefficients, what is the coefficient of Sn(OH)<sub>3</sub><sup> </sup>? Bi(OH)<sub>3</sub>(s) + Sn(OH)<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>(aq) Sn(OH)<sub>6</sub><sup>2 </sup>(aq) + Bi(s) (basic solution)

A)1

B)2

C)3

D)6

E)12

Q2) What is the oxidizing agent in the (unbalanced) reaction? Cu(s) + H<sup>+</sup>(aq) + NO<sub>3</sub><sup> </sup>(aq) NO(g) + H<sub>2</sub>O(l) + Cu<sup>2+</sup>(aq)

A)Cu

B)H<sup>+</sup>

C)NO<sub>3</sub><sup> </sup>

D)NO

E)Cu<sup>2+</sup>

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