Pre-Medical Biology Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Pre-Medical Biology is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of fundamental biological concepts that form the foundation for advanced studies in medicine and health sciences. The course covers topics including cell structure and function, genetics, molecular biology, physiology, and ecology, emphasizing the relevance of these principles to human health and disease. Through a combination of lectures, laboratory work, and critical analysis of scientific literature, students develop essential skills in observation, hypothesis testing, and data interpretation, preparing them for success in medical school and related professional programs.
Recommended Textbook
Human Physiology 11th Edition by Stuart Fox
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20 Chapters
2345 Verified Questions
2345 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Study of Body Function
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108 Verified Questions
108 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________ mg/100 ml is the approximate normal range of blood glucose concentration after fasting.
A)0 to 80
B)50 to 150
C)75 to 110
D)90 to 120
Answer: C
Q2) Which organ system provides protection and thermoregulation?
A)the urinary system
B)the digestive system
C)the circulatory system
D)the integumentary system
Answer: D
Q3) Nervous tissue is specialized to produce and conduct electrical impulses.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Chemical Composition of the Body
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hydration spheres can be formed by compounds which contain _______________ bonds.
A)nonpolar covalent
B)polar covalent
C)ionic
D)either polar covalent or ionic
Answer: D
Q2) Fats and carbohydrates are the primary energy stores in the body.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Only L-stereoisomers are absorbed by the digestive tract and used to synthesize organic molecules.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Proteins that combine with other molecules are said to be condensed.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 4
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Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Genetic Control
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Chemicals stored in cells are called kinesins.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) The process by which cells secrete cellular products into the extracellular environment is
A)phagocytosis.
B)endocytosis.
C)exocytosis.
D)pinocytosis.
Answer: C
Q3) Phagocytosis is important for
A)body defense against foreign organic matter.
B)promoting inflammation.
C)removal of old and dying cells.
D)All of these choices are correct.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Enzymes and Energy
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97 Verified Questions
97 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A common oxidizing agent used to couple chemical reactions in cells is A)riboflavin.
B)niacin.
C)NADH.
D)FAD.
Q2) The level of protein structure primarily involved in determining enzyme activity is the
A)primary structure.
B)secondary structure.
C)tertiary structure.
D)quaternary structure.
Q3) A reducing agent
A)donates protons to an atom or molecule.
B)donates electrons to an atom or molecule.
C)accepts protons from an atom or molecule.
D)accepts electrons from an atom or molecule.
Q4) Pyruvate dehydrogenase catalyzes the removal of hydrogen from pyruvic acid.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Cell Respiration and Metabolism
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103 Verified Questions
103 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A deficiency of ______________ would limit production of coenzyme A.
A)pantothenic acid
B)linoleic acid
C)folic acid
D)thiamine
Q2) Blood glucose concentrations can be maintained by hydrolysis of glycogen in the A)liver.
B)skeletal muscle.
C)smooth muscle.
D)kidneys.
Q3) Ketone bodies are produced by
A)excessive protein breakdown.
B)excessive carbohydrate breakdown.
C)excessive fat breakdown.
D)All of these choices are correct.
Q4) Energy lost during the process of aerobic cell respiration is given off as A)carbon dioxide.
B)water.
C)oxygen.
D)metabolic heat.
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Chapter 6: Interactions Between Cells and The Extracellular Environment
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102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The osmotic pressure exerted by a cell would decrease if the cell synthesized more proteins.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The charge difference across a membrane produces the membrane potential.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Epithelial cells have a polarity dealing with transport.
A)True
B)False
Q4) ___________________ comprise an important family of enzymes that can break down extracellular matrix proteins but require a zinc ion cofactor.
A)Matrix metallohydrolases
B)Matrix phosphokinases
C)Matrix metalloproteinases
D)None of these choices are correct.
Q5) Active transport proteins are often regulated by phosphorylation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: The Nervous System
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Somatic motor neurons innervate involuntary effectors.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An axon will depolarize only if the membrane potential reaches between -70mV and -55mV.This follows the
A)All-or-none law.
B)recruitment law.
C)graduated law.
D)threshold law.
Q3) In a ligand-gated channel, the NT receptor and the channel are separate proteins.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Inhibition of neuropeptide Y synthesis would
A)induce euphoria.
B)induce obesity.
C)stimulate leptin secretion.
D)inhibit eating.
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9
Chapter 8: The Central Nervous System
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134 Verified Questions
134 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nerve fibers of the ___________ tract decussate in the spinal cord and are involved in regulating fine motor movements.
A)tectospinal
B)anterior spinothalamic
C)lateral corticospinal
D)anterior corticospinal
Q2) In the spinal cord, the gray matter is arranged into _____ and the white matter is arranged into _______.
A)columns, horns
B)funiculi, tracts
C)horns, funiculi
D)tracts, funiculi
Q3) Which cranial nerve is vital for the functioning of the visceral organs?
A)abducens
B)glossopharyngeal
C)hypoglossal
D)vagus
Q4) The liver, heart, and kidneys have a circadian rhythm.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: The Autonomic Nervous System
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96 Verified Questions
96 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The swellings on postganglionic axons that contain neurotransmitter are called A)synaptic bulbs.
B)axon terminals.
C)varicosities.
D)neuromuscular junctions.
Q2) Autonomic motor nerves do NOT innervate
A)smooth muscle.
B)skeletal muscle.
C)cardiac muscle.
D)glands.
Q3) Fibers that secrete acetylcholine are called cholinergic fibers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Nitric oxide is made when Ca<sup>++</sup> influx into the axon terminal indirectly activates nitric oxide synthetase, which forms nitric oxide from the amino acid LA)lysine.
B)serine.
C)arginine.
D)asparagine.
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Chapter 10: Sensory Physiology
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143 Verified Questions
143 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ganglion cells are stimulated optimally by
A)light striking the entire retinal surface.
B)light striking a spot on the retina.
C)a bar of light moving on the retina.
D)a bar of light striking a spot on the retina.
Q2) The magnitude of the generator potential is indirectly proportional to the frequency of the action potentials being produced.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Information obtained via _____________ is transmitted directly to the limbic system.
A)gustation
B)audition
C)olfaction
D)touch
Q4) What is found in the anterior cavity of the eyeball?
A)aqueous humor
B)blood
C)vitreous humor
D)pigment
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Chapter 11: Endocrine Glands
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121 Verified Questions
121 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hormone receptors have a high capacity and a low affinity.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Many polypeptide and glycoprotein hormones are secreted in discrete bursts called pulsatile secretions.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Steroid hormone receptors form a ____ on their DNA half-sites.
A)homodimer
B)autodimer
C)pseudodimer
D)heterodimer
Q4) Biologically active molecules in the blood are called hormones.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Activated calmodulin will, in turn, activate protein kinases.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Muscle
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gap junctions have only been identified in cardiac muscle.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The thick filament is also called the A)A band.
B)I band.
C)H zone
D)M line
Q3) The thick filament is split by a Z disc.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What structure runs the length of the sarcomere through the thick filaments and contributes to the elastic recoil in muscle?
A)Z disk
B)titin
C)M line
D)actin
Q5) Activation of intrafusal fibers by alpha motoneurons creates muscle tone.
A)True
B)False
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Blood, Heart, and Circulation
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116 Verified Questions
116 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The oxygen content of arteries in the pulmonary circulation is high.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The production and conduction of action potentials in the heart produces a recordable tracing of the electrical activity of the heart called a(n) A)EMG.
B)depolarization.
C)heart scan.
D)ECG.
Q3) The circulatory system provides regulation through A)clotting.
B)hormones.
C)immunity.
D)blood gases.
Q4) Statins
A)inhibit HMG-coenzyme A reductase.
B)stimulate proconvertin.
C)inhibit streptokinase.
D)All of the choices are correct.
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Chapter 14: Cardiac Output, Blood Flow, and Bloodpressure
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cardiac control center of the _______ coordinates the autonomic innervation of the heart.
A)pons
B)cerebrum
C)medulla oblongata
D)midbrain
Q2) During exercise all of the following occur EXCEPT
A)deeper breathing.
B)increased cardiac output.
C)increased oncotic pressure.
D)visceral vasoconstriction.
Q3) Coronary bypass surgery is performed
A)to limit myocardial ischemia.
B)to increase blood pressure.
C)in response to an aneurysm.
D)in response to hypertension.
Q4) Mechanisms that affect cardiac rate are said to have a chronotropic effect.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: The Immune System
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Autoimmune diseases include
A)rheumatic fever.
B)Graves' disease.
C)aspermatogenesis.
D)All of the choices are correct.
Q2) Immunoglobulins are synthesized and secreted by B lymphocytes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Immediate hypersensitivity is mediated by _________, while delayed hypersensitivity is mediated by ____________.
A)T lymphocytes, antibodies
B)histamine, leukotrienes
C)antibodies, T lymphocytes
D)histamine, haptens
Q4) The process in which lymphocytes that recognize self-antigens are prevented from being activated is
A)clonal anergy.
B)clonal deletion.
C)clonal selection.
D)apoptosis.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Respiratory Physiology
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The enzyme ______ catalyzes the formation of H<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> from CO<sub>2</sub> and water.
A)renin
B)nitric oxide synthase
C)lactate dehydrogenase
D)carbonic anhydrase
Q2) Contraction of the internal intercostal muscles expands the thoracic cavity.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A tracheotomy is the insertion of a tube into the trachea.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Cor pulmonale may result from a COPD such as emphysema.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The Bohr effect
A)describes the effect of pH on the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen.
B)describes the effect of pH on the affinity of hemoglobin for carbon dioxide.
C)describes the mechanism of ventilation.
D)describes the effect of solubility on the amount of gas dissolved in blood.
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Physiology of the Kidneys
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115 Verified Questions
115 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by a(n) ____ in blood Na<sup>+</sup> or a(n) ___ in blood K<sup>+</sup>.
A)increase, decrease
B)increase, increase
C)decrease, increase
D)decrease, decrease
Q2) If the rate of urine formation is 2 ml/min, the urine inulin concentration is 25 mg/ml, and the plasma inulin concentration 0.5 mg/ml, then the GFR is
A)0.04 mL/min.
B)100 mL/min.
C)6.25 mL/min.
D)None of the choices are correct.
Q3) Hemorrhage would induce
A)increased renin secretion.
B)increased atrial natriuretic peptide secretion.
C)decreased ADH secretion.
D)All of the choices are correct.
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Chapter 18: The Digestive System
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Amino acids and peptides in the stomach lumen stimulate acid secretion during the ________ phase of gastric secretion.
A)gastric
B)cephalic
C)hepatic
D)intestinal
Q2) Exocrine secretions of the digestive system include enzymes and bicarbonate.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Clotting factors are produced by the A)liver.
B)pancreas.
C)stomach.
D)duodenum.
Q4) Cholesterol removal is facilitated by the production of __________ lipoproteins.
A)high-density
B)low-density
C)very low-density
D)medium-density
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Chapter 19: Regulation of Metabolism
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Stress hyperglycemia results from the effects of epinephrine and glucagon.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Ghrelin is postulated to be important as a satiety factor.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which vitamin and its deficiency is NOT correctly matched?
A)vitamin B<sub>1</sub> - beriberi
B)folate - pernicious anemia
C)niacin - pellagra
D)vitamin D - rickets
Q4) A stressful situation would stimulate _____________ gluconeogenesis.
A)increased
B)decreased
C)no change in
Q5) Microgravity reduces bone density that exercise machines have not been able to counter.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Reproduction
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The human female determines the sex of her offspring.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a part of the female reproductive system?
A)ductus deferens
B)uterus
C)labia majora
D)uterine tube
Q3) The first event to occur during development of the reproductive system would be the
A)descent of the testes into the scrotum.
B)formation of the vagina.
C)onset of testosterone production.
D)development of the Müllerian ducts.
Q4) The possibility that nuclear transplantation from one cell to another could produce stem cells is referred to as
A)totipotent cloning.
B)reproductive cloning.
C)therapeutic cloning.
D)multipotent cloning.
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