Physiology for Health Sciences Exam Bank
Course Introduction
Physiology for Health Sciences provides an in-depth exploration of the fundamental principles governing the function of the human body, with an emphasis on the integration of organ systems and their relevance to health and disease. The course covers cellular physiology, neurophysiology, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and reproductive systems, highlighting mechanisms that maintain homeostasis. Through lectures, discussions, and laboratory exercises, students gain a comprehensive understanding of physiological processes essential for clinical practice and health sciences professions.
Recommended Textbook
Human Physiology 12th Edition by Stuart Ira Fox
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20 Chapters
2819 Verified Questions
2819 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Study of Body Function
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT a primary tissue of the body?
A)nervous
B)epithelium
C)muscular
D)osseous
Answer: D
Q2) Clusters of cells in exocrine glands are termed
A)goblet cells.
B)acini (acinar)cells.
C)islet cells.
D)reticular cells.
Answer: B
Q3) Blood clotting is an example of positive feedback since the action of the effector amplifies that of the stimulus.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Chemical Composition of the Body
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following describes a trans-fat?
A)Has carbon-carbon single bonds.
B)Has carbon-carbon double bonds with hydrogens on opposite sides of the bonds.
C)Has carbon-carbon double bonds with hydrogens on the same side of the bonds.
D)The fatty acids form a bent chain.
Answer: B
Q2) Glucose is stored as a polysaccharide to prevent osmosis of water into the cells.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a disaccharide?
A)fructose
B)sucrose
C)maltose
D)lactose
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Cell Structure and Genetic Control
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132 Verified Questions
132 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One possible reason that the proteome is so much larger than the genome is that mRNAs can be spliced in alternative ways thereby increasing the number of products produced from a particular gene.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Microtubules and microfilaments are the primary components of the A)cytosol.
B)nucleus.
C)cytoskeleton.
D)plasma membrane.
Answer: C
Q3) Proteins and mRNA exit the nucleus via A)nuclear pores.
B)endoplasmic reticulum.
C)vesicles.
D)centromeres.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Enzymes and Energy
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99 Verified Questions
99 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Another name for the first law of thermodynamics is the law of conservation of energy.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An enzyme elevated in the plasma of men with prostate cancer is
A)alkaline phosphatase.
B)catalase.
C)creatine kinase.
D)acid phosphatase.
Q3) Oxidation means that oxygen is part of the reaction.
A)True
B)False
Q4) When an enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction
A)the enzyme binds to the substrate's active site.
B)the enzyme's active site binds the product.
C)amino acids in the substrate allow for interaction with the product.
D)amino acids in the enzyme's active site interact with substrate molecules.
Q5) Enzymes are specific for a given substrate.
A)True
B)False
6
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Chapter 5: Cell Respiration and Metabolism
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sweet smelling breath may be the result of elevated ______________ in the blood.
A)glucose
B)fructose
C)acetone
D)cholesterol
Q2) What is the inadequate supply of blood to an organ called?
A)infarction
B)ischemia
C)necrosis
D)cramping
Q3) One glucose would generate ______________ NADH molecules via the Krebs cycle.
A)two
B)three
C)six
D)eight
Q4) How many amino acids are essential for an adult?
A)eight
B)nine
C)ten
D)twelve
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Chapter 6: Interactions Between Cells and the Extracellular Environment
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118 Verified Questions
118 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The transport maximum is related to the property known as A)competition.
B)saturation.
C)specificity.
D)inhibition.
Q2) The majority of water within the body is found in the A)intracellular compartment.
B)extracellular compartment.
C)blood plasma.
D)interstitial fluiD.
Q3) ____________ transport does not require membrane proteins.
A)Facilitated diffusion
B)Bulk
C)Simple diffusion
D)Active
Q4) What type of intravenous fluid would be given to reduce edema?
A)hypertonic
B)isotonic
C)hypotonic
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Chapter 7: The Nervous System: Neurons and Synapses
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178 Verified Questions
178 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Release of ACh at parasympathetic effectors is always stimulatory.
A)True
B)False
Q2) In a ligand-gated channel,the neurotransmitter receptor and the channel are separate proteins.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Norepinephrine binding to a receptor stimulates the activity of adenylate cyclase.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Action potentials frequency encodes stimulus intensity.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is NOT true of the relative refractory period?
A)Na+ channels are inactivated
B)many Na+ channels are returning to a closed state
C)K+ is moving out of the axon through its open channels
D)a strong stimulus could cause a depolarization
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Chapter 8: The Central Nervous System
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149 Verified Questions
149 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which cranial nerve allows one to make facial expressions and secrete tears?
A)trigeminal
B)glossopharyngeal
C)hypoglossal
D)facial
Q2) What type of neurons aid in imitating,understanding intentions and behaviors of others,and having empathy with the emotions of others?
A)sensory neurons
B)motor neurons
C)association neurons
D)mirror neurons
Q3) The inability to reach out and touch an object with control and accuracy may result from damage to the A)pons.
B)cerebrum.
C)cerebellum.
D)midbrain.
Q4) Visual inputs are interpreted on the occipital lobe of the cerebral cortex.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: The Autonomic Nervous System
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102 Verified Questions
102 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The parasympathetic response to stimulation results in mass activation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Ablation of the celiac ganglia would inhibit sympathetic regulation of the adrenal glands.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Studies have indicated that aging is associated with increased levels of parasympathetic activity and tone.
A)True
B)False
Q4) All adrenergic receptors act via
A)ligand-gated channels.
B)sodium-potassium pump.
C)H-proteins.
D)G-proteins.
Q5) Pre- and postganglionic sympathetic nerves release norepinephrine. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Sensory Physiology
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175 Verified Questions
175 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Damage to the stapedius muscle can lead to nerve damage within the cochlea.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Chemoreceptors that monitor blood glucose levels are also
A)interoceptors.
B)proprioceptors.
C)special senses.
D)exteroceptors.
Q3) What is the role of sustentacular cells in the olfactory epithelium?
A)produce new bipolar receptor cells
B)to oxidize volatile hydrophobic odorant molecules to make them less soluble
C)to repair damaged receptor cells
D)to form basal stem cells
Q4) Acute itch is produced by _______ binding to its receptors.
A)capsaicin
B)menthol
C)histamine
D)glutamate
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Chapter 11: Endocrine Glands: Secretion and Action of Hormones
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) G-proteins are needed to directly stimulate the activation of protein kinase.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Testosterone receptors would be ____________ in response to anabolic steroid abuse
A)inhibited
B)primed
C)upregulated
D)downregulated
Q3) Which of the following is NOT one of the three functional categories of corticosteroids?
A)mineralocorticoids
B)glucocorticoids
C)thyrocorticoids
D)sex steroids
Q4) Which of the following is NOT a response of the body to stress?
A)increased secretion of ACTH
B)increased secretion of glucocorticoids
C)increased immune response
D)increased secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine
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Chapter 12: Muscle: Mechanisms of Contraction and Neural Control
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hemiplegia is paralysis of an upper limb of one side and the lower limb of the other side.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What is the role of ATP in muscle contraction and relaxation?
A)It is hydrolyzed fro myosin head to attach to actin.
B)It causes myosin head to detach from actin.
C)It powers the Ca<sup>2+</sup> pumps to return Ca<sup>2+</sup> to the SR. D)All of the choices are correct.
Q3) The deadly botulinum toxin can be used in the cosmetic treatment of skin wrinkles because it produces a flaccid paralysis.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Each fascicle of a muscle is surrounded by the A)perimysium. B)epimysium.
C)endomysium. D)sarcolemma.
Page 14
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Chapter 13: Blood,Heart and Circulation
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151 Verified Questions
151 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does hepcidin function in iron homeostasis?
A)increases production of transferrin
B)promotes cellular storage of iron by removing ferroportin channels in enterocytes
C)promotes production and insertion of ferroportin channels in enterocytes
D)increases macrophage destruction of old red blood cells to release iron
Q2) Arteries usually carry blood high in oxygen toward the heart.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Damage to the AV node could cause
A)the absence of the T wave on an ECG.
B)multiple Q waves on an ECG.
C)multiple T waves on an ECG.
D)multiple P waves on an ECG.
Q4) The lymphatic system can help cancer _________ since cancer cells may enter,circulate,and later exit porous lymphatic capillaries.
A)treatment
B)reversion
C)metastasize
D)lymphedema
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Chapter 14: Cardiac Output, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure
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148 Verified Questions
148 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Angiotensin I is formed from the plasma protein ____ by the action of the enzyme
A)Angiotensin II;renin.
B)angiotensinogen;ACE.
C)angiotensinogen;renin.
D)renin: ACE.
Q2) Vascular smooth muscle can directly respond to changes in pressure.This type of control is called A)metabolic.
B)extrinsic.
C)vasogeniC.
D)myogenic.
Q3) Stroke volume is inversely proportional to A)preload.
B)contractility.
C)total peripheral resistance.
D)Both preload and contractility.
Q4) Moderate exercise causes increased visceral organ blood flow.
A)True
B)False
Page 16
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Chapter 15: The Immune System
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What chemical is released by mast cells that aids in the inflammation process by causing vasodilation and increased vascular permeability?
A)cytokines
B)heparin
C)histamine
D)proteases
Q2) What substance signals macropages to destroy self-cells that have committed apoptosis?
A)interleukin-1
B)peptidoglycan
C)complement
D)phosphatidylserine
Q3) Inhibiting the actions of helper T lymphocytes may impair humoral immunity.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Presentation of a foreign antigen to a killer T lymphocytes requires a
A)Class-1 MHC molecule and coreceptor CD8.
B)Class-1 MHC molecule and coreceptor CD4.
C)Class-2 MHC molecule and coreceptor CD8.
D)Class-2 MHC molecule and coreceptor CD4.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Respiratory Physiology
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166 Verified Questions
166 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The exchange of chloride ions for bicarbonate through tissue capillaries is called the A)chloride shift.
B)Bohr effect.
C)oxygen toxicity.
D)acidosis.
Q2) Vital capacity is reduced in pulmonary restrictive disorders.
A)True B)False
Q3) Persons with thalassemia will have large amounts of hemoglobin F.
A)True B)False
Q4) Normal venous P<sub>CO2</sub> is
A)40 mm Hg.
B)46 mm Hg.
C)100 mm Hg.
D)105 mm Hg.
Q5) From the following lab data,predict whether the patient has
Q6) From the following lab data,predict whether the patient has
Page 18
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Chapter 17: Physiology of the Kidneys
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Urea transport in the collecting duct is a(n)__________ process.
A)active
B)passive
C)exocytosis
D)endocytosis
Q2) The tubular filtrate osmolarity __________ as it flows through the ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
A)increases
B)decreases
C)remains unchanged
Q3) What type of cells form the third filtration barrier?
A)podocytes
B)ciliated cuboidal epithelial cells
C)capillary simple squamous epithelial cells
D)glomerulocytes
Q4) The efferent arteriole delivers blood to the
A)peritubular capillaries
B)vasa recta
C)glomerulus
D)juxtaglomerular apparatus
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Chapter 18: The Digestive System
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172 Verified Questions
172 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Place the tunics of the GI tract wall in the correct order from superficial to deep.
A)submucosa,mucosa,serosa,muscularis
B)mucosa,muscularis,submucosa,serosa
C)serosa,submucosa,mucosa,muscularis
D)serosa,muscularis,submucosa,mucosa
Q2) What substance is necessary for the hydrolysis of complex food molecules?
A)specific enzyme
B)acid
C)water
D)Both a specific enzyme and water are correct.
Q3) Amino acids and peptides in the stomach lumen stimulate acid secretion during the ________ phase of gastric secretion.
A)gastric
B)cephalic
C)hepatic
D)intestinal
Q4) Low-density lipoproteins functions to remove and degrade cholesterol.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 19: Regulation of Metabolism
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138 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lipolysis and gluconeogenesis are stimulated when A)insulin and glucagon are both decreasing.
B)insulin and glucagon are both increasing.
C)insulin is increasing and glucagon is decreasing.
D)insulin is decreasing and glucagon is increasing.
Q2) Osteoclast (growth or function)is inhibited by A)calcitonin.
B)osteoprotegrin.
C)osteoblasts.
D)All of the choices are correct.
Q3) The nuclear receptor protein required for differentiation of ________ is PPAR\(\gamma\) (perioxisome proliferator activated receptor \(\gamma\)).
A)erythrocytes
B)fibroblasts
C)adipocytes
D)reticulocytes
Q4) The arcuate nucleus is a region of the thalamus involved in hunger regulation.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Reproduction
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164 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The first sign of puberty in females is A)breast development.
B)menarche.
C)growth spurt.
D)axillary hair.
Q2) What is a noninvasive method of determining structural abnormalities in the fetus called?
A)ultrasound
B)chorionic villi biopsy
C)X-ray
D)amniocentesis
Q3) The gonads have a negative feedback effect on gonadotropins of the anterior pituitary.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The role of melatonin in puberty of humans is well established and critical.
A)True
B)False
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