Pharmacology for Nurses Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Pharmacology for Nurses provides an in-depth introduction to the fundamental principles of pharmacology, emphasizing the role of nurses in the safe administration of medications. The course explores drug classifications, mechanisms of action, therapeutic effects, side effects, and potential drug interactions. It focuses on applying pharmacologic concepts to clinical practice by integrating the nursing process in medication management, patient education, and monitoring for adverse reactions. Students also learn to assess patient responses, recognize the importance of accurate dosage calculations, and engage in effective communication with patients and healthcare teams regarding medication therapy. This course prepares nursing students to deliver safe, evidence-based pharmacological care across diverse healthcare environments.
Recommended Textbook
Basic Pharmacology for Nurses 16th Edition by Clayton
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50 Chapters
994 Verified Questions
994 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Drug Definitions, Standards, and Information
Sources
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16 Verified Questions
16 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which legislation authorizes the FDA to determine the safety of a drug before its marketing?
A)Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938)
B)Durham Humphrey Amendment (1952)
C)Controlled Substances Act (1970)
D)Kefauver Harris Drug Amendment (1962)
Answer: A
Q2) The nurse planning patient teaching regarding drug names would include which statement(s)? (Select all that apply.)
A)Most drug companies place their products on the market under generic names.
B)The official name is the name under which the drug is listed by the U.S.Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
C)Brand names are easier to pronounce, spell, and remember.
D)The first letter of the generic name is not capitalized.
E)The chemical name is most meaningful to the patient.
Answer: B, C, D
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3
Chapter 2: Basic Principles of Drug Action and Drug
Interactions
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse recognizes that which factor(s) would contribute to digoxin toxicity in a 92-year-old patient? (Select all that apply.)
A)Taking the medication with meals
B)Prolonged half life of the drug digoxin
C)Impaired renal function
D)Diminished mental capacity
Answer: B, C
Q2) Which factor(s) affect(s) drug actions? (Select all that apply.)
A)Teratogenicity
B)Age
C)Body weight
D)Metabolic rate
E)Illness
Answer: B, C, D, E
Q3) Which is the best description of when drug interactions occur?
A)On administration of toxic dosages of a drug
B)On an increase in the pharmacodynamics of bound drugs
C)On the alteration of the effect of one drug by another drug
D)On increase of drug excretion
Answer: C
4
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Chapter 3: Drug Action Across the Life Span
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which factor(s) in a patient would influence GI absorption of medications? (Select all that apply.)
A)Stomach pH
B)Level of consciousness
C)Fever
D)Blood flow to gastric mucosa
E)Weight
F)Body surface area
Answer: A, D
Q2) Which classification of medications commonly causes allergic reactions in children?
A)Antacids
B)Analgesics
C)Antibiotics
D)Anticonvulsants
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: The Nursing Process and Pharmacology
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23 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement best describes the planning phase of the nursing process?
A)Administer insulin subcutaneously (subcut) in the abdominal area.
B)Patient is at high risk for falls related to hypotension.
C)The patient will state the expected adverse effects of medication by the end of the teaching session.
D)Itching has resolved; medication given is effective.
Q2) Rank the patient needs according to Maslow's hierarchy, beginning with the lowest level need to the highest level need.(Enter your answer with a comma and space between each lettered option as follows: A, B, C, D, E.)
A)A patient would like to write a book.
B)A patient becomes frightened when no one answers the call light during the night.
C)A pediatric patient is worrying that school friends will forget him.
D)A patient needs to be repositioned in bed.
E)A chronically ill patient states that he feels worthless because he is unable to support his family.
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6
Chapter 5: Patient Education to Promote Health
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17 Verified Questions
17 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which action(s) by the nurse can foster patient responsibility for adhering to the therapeutic regimen? (Select all that apply.)
A)Assessing the patient's readiness to learn
B)Determining the patient's level of understanding of content
C)Determining the patient's education level and learning style
D)Maintaining an aloof attitude toward presented content
E)Documenting expected outcomes independently
Q2) Which represents the psychomotor domain of learning?
A)The patient draws up insulin in a syringe.
B)The patient expresses a belief about medication use.
C)The patient is able to verbalize foods that should be avoided.
D)The patient relates past experience with smoking cessation.
Q3) Which item(s) would be considered characteristic of the cognitive domain level of learning? (Select all that apply.)
A)A patient's opinion regarding wellness
B)Basic mathematical formulas learned in grade school
C)Incorporation of a person's previous experiences and perceptions
D)Skill demonstration using a step by step approach
E)Relationship between prior experiences and new concepts
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Page 7
Chapter 6: A Review of Arithmetic
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67 Verified Questions
67 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) 1 c = _____ oz
Q2) 1/0.5 = _____
Q3) 1.5 * 8.04 = _____
Q4) 1 tsp = _____ mL
Q5) 3/4 ÷ 3 = _____
Q6) 4 - 0.8 = _____
Q7) 15 kg = _____ lb
Q8) 1 kg = _____ pounds
Q9) 0.13 = _____
Q10) 5/12 * 3/4 = _____
Q11) What is the most accurate way for the nurse to document the administration of two milligrams of a medication?
A) Two mg
B) 2.0 mg
C) 2 mg
D) II mg
Q12) 0.100 ÷ 1000 = _____
Q13) 3.7 - 1.9 = _____ Page 8
Q15) 10,000 * 0.75 = _____
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Page 9
Chapter 7: Principles of Medication Administration and Medication Safety
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse determines that a prescribed medication has not been administered as ordered on the previous shift.What action will the nurse take?
A)Administer the medication immediately.
B)Complete an incident report.
C)Notify the nurse responsible for the error.
D)Record the occurrence in the nurse's notes.
Q2) What is the most reliable method to calculate a pediatric patient's medication dosage?
A)Age
B)Height
C)Body surface area (BSA)
D)Placement on a growth scale
Q3) Who defines the standards of care for the practice of nursing? (Select all that apply.)
A)State boards of nursing
B)Hospital policy and procedures
C)Federal laws regulating health care facilities
D)The Joint Commission
E)Professional nursing associations
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Chapter 8: Percutaneous Administration
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the rationale for the nurse applying gentle pressure to the inner corner of the eyelid after instilling eye drops?
A)Decreases the risk of infection
B)Maintains intraocular pressure
C)Prevents systemic effects
D)Provides comfort to the patient
Q2) Which medications must be sterile?
A)Topical
B)Vaginal
C)Ophthalmic
D)Nasal
Q3) Where will the nurse administer a medication that was ordered to be given sublingually?
A)Between the molar teeth and cheek
B)Below the skin surface
C)Under the tongue
D)Into the conjunctival sac
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11
Chapter 9: Enteral Administration
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is administering an oral medication to a 90 year old patient who has difficulty swallowing pills.One of the medications to be administered is a spansule type capsule.What nursing consideration(s) should be applied in this case? (Select all that apply.)
A)Wash hands before preparing medications and before administration.
B)Crush medications and administer with a soft food, such as applesauce.
C)Check the patient's ID band with the MAR to ensure patient rights are followed.
D)Have an 8 ounce glass of water available.
E)Check with the pharmacist to see if the spansule medication comes in a liquid form.
Q2) Which data will the nurse document when administering a PRN oral pain medication to a patient? (Select all that apply.)
A)Date, time, drug name, dosage, and route of administration
B)Essential patient education about the drug completed
C)Administration receptacle used
D)Signs and symptoms of adverse drug effects
E)Evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness
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12
Chapter 10: Parenteral Administration: Safe Preparation of Parenteral Medications
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which needle will the nurse use to administer an intramuscular (IM) immunization on an 18 month old child?
A)18-gauge, 1 inch needle
B)20-gauge, 1/2 inch needle
C)27-gauge, 1 1/2 inch needle
D)25-gauge, 1/2 inch needle
Q2) The nurse is preparing to administer insulin.What does U 100 indicate?
A)100 mL per unit
B)10 units per mL
C)100 units per mL
D)10 units per 100 mL
Q3) Which information provided by the nurse is most important to include when teaching a patient about the use of an EpiPen?
A)"Hold the syringe at a 45-degree angle against the skin."
B)"Monitor the expiration date of this medication."
C)"After using the EpiPen, lie down for 1 hour."
D)"Place the syringe in a cartridge prior to using."
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Page 13
Chapter 11: Parenteral Administration: Intradermal,
Subcutaneous, and Intramuscular Routes
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19 Verified Questions
19 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which nursing action is accurate when administering an IM injection using the Z track method?
A)Use a 1-inch needle.
B)Add 0.5 mL of air to the syringe.
C)Vigorously massage the injection site.
D)Pinch up the skin.
Q2) A 65-year-old man who weighs 180 lb (81.8 kg) is to receive 1.5 mL of a viscous antibiotic by intramuscular (IM) injection.Which needle and syringe will be used?
A)5/8 inch, 25-gauge needle with 5 mL syringe
B)1 inch, 28-gauge needle with 4 mL syringe
C)1 1/2 inch, 21-gauge needle with 3 mL syringe
D)3 inch, 16-gauge needle with 1.5 mL syringe
Q3) The nurse cleansing the skin surface of a patient prior to injection will start at the:
A)periphery and work inward in a back and forth motion.
B)periphery and work inward in a cyclical motion.
C)injection site and work outward in a straight line.
D)injection site and work outward in a circular motion.
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Page 14
Chapter 12: Parenteral Administration: Intravenous Route
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse notes that a patient with cardiac disease has IV heparin infusing and that it is behind by 2 hours.What is the best nursing action?
A)Increase the IV rate and recheck in 1 hour.
B)Change the infusion rate to TKO.
C)Discontinue the solution using aseptic technique.
D)Contact the health care provider for consultation.
Q2) An elderly patient receiving an infusion of an isotonic fluid at 100 mL/hr complains of dyspnea.The nurse notes shallow rapid respirations and a cough that produces frothy sputum.Which is the priority nursing action?
A)Assess the urine output.
B)Elevate the head of the bed.
C)Encourage the patient to cough.
D)Maintain the IV rate.
Q3) Which condition would the nurse expect to be treated with an isotonic solution?
A)Fluid overload
B)Hemorrhagic shock
C)Cellular dehydration
D)Cerebral edema
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Chapter 13: Drugs That Affect the Central Nervous System
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement(s) is/are true about efferent nerves? (Select all that apply.)
A)They transmit signals to the spinal cord and brain.
B)They leave the CNS to carry impulses to other body parts.
C)They are part of the peripheral nervous system.
D)They transmit signals that control contractions of smooth and skeletal muscle.
E)They transmit signals that control contractions of some glandular secretions.
Q2) Before the initiation of anticholinergic medications, it is important for the nurse to screen patients for which condition?
A)Hypertension
B)Infectious diseases
C)Diabetes
D)Closed angle glaucoma
Q3) What is the primary response to alpha 1 receptor stimulation?
A)Bronchodilation
B)Tachycardia
C)Vasoconstriction
D)Uterine relaxation
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16
Chapter 14: Drugs Used for Sleep
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is caring for an older patient recently admitted to an assisted living center who is experiencing insomnia associated with the recent relocation.At bedtime, which nursing action will assist the patient to sleep?
A)Offering the patient hot tea
B)Encouraging the patient to ambulate in the hallway
C)Performing back massage
D)Administering an analgesic
Q2) Barbiturates have which common adverse effect(s)? (Select all that apply.)
A)Residual daytime sedation
B)Headache
C)Hyperactivity
D)Blurred vision
E)Impaired coordination
Q3) For what conditions are benzodiazepines prescribed?
A)Chronic amnesia
B)Chronic insomnia
C)Preoperative sedation
D)Psychotic episodes
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Chapter 15: Drugs Used for Parkinsons Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which cholinergic symptoms of Parkinson's disease are reduced with anticholinergic drugs?
A)Cognitive impairments
B)Rigidity
C)Tremors and drooling
D)Postural abnormalities
Q2) A patient taking rasagiline is assessed by the nurse to have a lasting significant increase in blood pressure.When reviewing the patient's current list of medications, the nurse decides to hold the next dose of:
A)dextromethorphan.
B)levodopa.
C)ciprofloxacin.
D)Valium.
Q3) What is the rationale for administering levodopa instead of dopamine for treatment of Parkinson's disease?
A)Dopamine does not cross the blood-brain barrier when administered orally.
B)Levodopa is much less expensive.
C)The half life of dopamine is too short.
D)Dopamine has too many reactions with other medications.
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Page 18
Chapter 16: Drugs Used for Anxiety Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The prenatal nurse is educating a woman regarding preconception care.The patient informs the nurse that she is currently taking a benzodiazepine drug for management of anxiety.Appropriate teaching for this patient will include that benzodiazepines: (Select all that apply.)
A)readily cross into breast milk.
B)are safe to take throughout pregnancy.
C)enter fetal circulation.
D)are not associated with ill effects on the infant following birth.
E)may increase newborn muscle tone.
Q2) The outcome statement for a patient suffering from anxiety disorder reads, "After 1 week on alprazolam (Xanax) therapy, patient will exhibit a manageable level of anxiety." Which assessment finding validates that this outcome is met?
A)Patient is unable to participate in group therapy conversations.
B)Patient reports persistent fear about dying of a rare illness.
C)Patient verifies that family reunions trigger anxiety and excessive drinking.
D)Patient reports sleeping better and increased interest in activities.
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19
Chapter 17: Drugs Used for Mood Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient who is taking an MAOI to treat depression admits to eating pickled herring and cheese and drinking red wine.Which assessment finding alerts the nurse to a potential complication?
A)Constipation
B)Hypotension
C)Neck stiffness
D)Urinary retention
Q2) Which food(s) containing significant amounts of tyramine will be contraindicated when a patient is on MAOI therapy? (Select all that apply.)
A)Beer
B)Red meat
C)Aged cheeses
D)Green vegetables
E)Bananas
Q3) Lithium (Eskalith) is the drug of choice for which of the following disorders?
A)Psychotic episodes
B)Obsessive compulsive disorders (OCDs)
C)Bipolar disorders
D)Depressive disorders
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Page 20
Chapter 18: Drugs Used for Psychoses
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which sign(s) and symptom(s) may occur in neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
(Select all that apply.)
A)Fever
B)Hypertension
C)Severe extrapyramidal symptoms
D)Alterations in consciousness
E)Bradycardia
Q2) Which statement is true regarding the adverse effects associated with antipsychotic medications?
A)Tardive dyskinesia is a common, reversible condition.
B)Painful dystonic reactions can occur in the first 72 hours of initiation of therapy.
C)Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a common adverse effect.
D)Pseudoparkinsonian symptoms can cause Parkinson's disease.
Q3) Dystonic reactions, pseudoparkinsonism, akathisia, and tardive dyskinesia are types of which effect?
A)Extrapyramidal symptoms
B)Allergic reactions
C)Idiosyncratic reactions
D)Therapeutic responses
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Page 21
Chapter 19: Drugs Used for Seizure Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which response by the nurse is accurate when a patient who has been on lamotrigine (Lamictal) for seizure control reports a skin rash and urticaria?
A)Reassure the patient that this is a common adverse effect of the medication and not to worry.
B)Instruct the patient to discontinue use of the drug immediately.
C)Instruct the patient to decrease the dosage of the medication until the rash disappears.
D)Advise the patient that this adverse effect usually resolves but should be reported to the health care provider.
Q2) Which condition is associated with hydantoin therapy?
A)Postictal state
B)Atonia
C)Seizure threshold reduction
D)Gingival hyperplasia
Q3) For which condition may carbamazepine (Tegretol) be used?
A)Tardive dyskinesia
B)Psychotic episodes
C)Trigeminal neuralgia pain
D)Sedation
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Page 22
Chapter 20: Drugs Used for Pain Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) When teaching a patient who is starting therapy with NSAIDs, the nurse must be sure to mention drug interactions with which drug(s)? (Select all that apply.)
A)Warfarin (Coumadin)
B)Lithium (Eskalith)
C)Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)
D)Insulin
E)Diuretics
F)Digitalis (Digoxin)
Q2) Which patient assessment would indicate to the nurse that salicylate toxicity is occurring?
A)Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding
B)Increased bleeding times
C)Tinnitus
D)Occasional nausea
Q3) What term is used to define an awareness of pain?
A)Tolerance
B)Threshold
C)Perception
D)Sensation
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Chapter 21: Introduction to Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome
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Sample Questions
Q1) Metabolic syndrome includes which key characteristic(s)? (Select all that apply.)
A)Hyperglycemia
B)Abdominal obesity
C)Low high density lipoproteins
D)Hypertension
E)Osteoporosis
Q2) Which cardiovascular condition(s) is/are related to coronary artery diseases (CADs)? (Select all that apply.)
A)Angina pectoris
B)Pulmonary stenosis
C)Acute myocardial infarction
D)Pericarditis
E)Venous stasis ulcers
Q3) Which ethnic group or gender is at greatest risk for developing metabolic syndrome?
A)Hispanic women
B)Asian men
C)African American men
D)White women
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Chapter 22: Drugs Used to Treat Dyslipidemias
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which antilipemic agent is most potent?
A)Niacin
B)HMG CoA reductase inhibitor
C)Bile acid-binding resin
D)Fibric acid
Q2) The nurse is preparing medications for a patient.When is the best time for the nurse to administer lovastatin (Mevacor)?
A)2 hours after breakfast
B)During the patient's dinner
C)1 hour before breakfast
D)30 minutes before lunch
Q3) A teaching plan for a patient with hyperlipidemia would instruct the patient to avoid which food(s)? (Select all that apply.)
A)Hard cheeses
B)Egg whites
C)Unsaturated vegetable oils
D)Green vegetables
E)Liver
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25
Chapter 23: Drugs Used to Treat Hypertension
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which complication(s) is/are associated with uncontrolled hypertension? (Select all that apply.)
A)Angina
B)Stroke
C)Hyperglycemia
D)Renal failure
E)Heart failure
Q2) Which common adverse effect of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist will the nurse expect to assess in a patient?
A)Bradycardia
B)Headache
C)Hypokalemia
D)Insomnia
Q3) A patient's blood pressure is 134/78 mm Hg.The nurse records the pulse pressure as: A)212.
B)134.
C)78.
D)56.
Q4) If blood pressure is 120/70, what is the MAP?
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Chapter 24: Drugs Used to Treat Dysrhythmias
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Sample Questions
Q1) How many milligrams of lidocaine will the nurse administer via intravenous (IV) bolus to a 30 year old patient with ventricular tachycardia who weighs 75 kg after a myocardial infarction?
A)10
B)25
C)50
D)75
Q2) What is the action of amiodarone (Cordarone), a class III agent used to treat cardiac dysrhythmias?
A)It acts as a myocardial depressant by inhibiting sodium ion movement.
B)It prolongs the duration of the electrical stimulation on cells and the refractory time between electrical impulses.
C)It acts as a beta adrenergic agent.
D)It slows the rate of electrical conduction and prolongs the time between contractions.
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Chapter 25: Drugs Used to Treat Angina Pectoris
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do beta adrenergic blocking agents reduce myocardial oxygen demand?
A)By inhibiting the stimulation of norepinephrine and epinephrine
B)By increasing the production of dopamine and acetylcholine
C)By delaying the destruction of acetylcholinesterase and cholinesterase
D)By enhancing the sensitivity of alpha receptors and beta receptors
Q2) The nurse transcribes a new order for ranolazine (Ranexa) for a patient with chronic stable angina.Before initiating this medication, the nurse will ensure that which laboratory study result(s) is/are available? (Select all that apply.)
A)Electrocardiography
B)BUN
C)Creatinine
D)Electrolyte levels
E)CBC
F)None of above
Q3) When are sustained release nitroglycerin tablets administered?
A)Once a day
B)At bedtime
C)When symptoms of acute angina appear
D)Every 8 to 12 hours
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Page 28
Chapter 26: Drugs Used to Treat Peripheral Vascular Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) What will the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for a patient with PVD? (Select all that apply.)
A)Intermittent cold applications to the extremities
B)Heat therapy
C)Stress reduction techniques
D)An exercise program
E)Bed positioning techniques
Q2) Which are included in the baseline assessment of PVD? (Select all that apply.)
A)History of heart disease
B)Smoking and dietary habits
C)Current medications
D)Weight
E)Limb pain
F)Mental status
Q3) What is the action of pentoxifylline (Trental), a hemorheologic agent used to treat chronic occlusive arteriole disease?
A)Vasodilates the peripheral arteries
B)Potentiates the blood clotting mechanism
C)Increases erythrocyte flexibility
D)Increases blood viscosity
29
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Chapter 27: Drugs Used to Treat Thromboembolic Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which symptom is indicative of bleeding in a patient taking warfarin (Coumadin)?
A)Bradycardia
B)Petechiae
C)Increased urinary output
D)Dry skin
Q2) Which action will the nurse implement to decrease the risk of clot formation in an older patient on bed rest?
A)Assess peripheral pulses.
B)Encourage passive leg exercises.
C)Limit fluid intake.
D)Position pillows behind the knees.
Q3) What is the mechanism of action of drugs used to treat thromboembolic disease?
A)Dissolving clots and preventing formation of new clots
B)Making platelets more flexible and preventing formation of new clots
C)Causing vasodilation and increased blood flow
D)Preventing platelet aggregation and inhibiting clot formation
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Chapter 28: Drugs Used to Treat Heart Failure
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse transcribes a new order for a daily diuretic on a patient diagnosed with congestive heart failure.The nurse will schedule this medication:
A)in the morning.
B)after lunch.
C)with dinner.
D)at bedtime.
Q2) Before administering digoxin (Lanoxin), the nurse takes the adult patient's apical pulse for 1 full minute.What additional nursing consideration(s) will be taken before administration of the medication? (Select all that apply.)
A)Review of the digoxin blood level
B)Administration of the medication with pulse less than 60 beats/min
C)Review of serum electrolytes, liver, and kidney function studies
D)Administration of the medication with a pulse of 110 beats/min
E)Obtaining baseline patient assessment data, including lung sounds, vital signs, and weight
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Chapter 29: Drugs Used for Diuresis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which condition warrants the use of acetazolamide (Diamox) as a diuretic?
A)Increased intracranial pressure
B)Increased extravascular fluid pressure
C)Increased intraocular pressure
D)Periorbital edema
Q2) How soon will diuresis be expected to occur after the nurse has administered 20 mg of furosemide (Lasix) intravenously (IV) to a patient with heart failure?
A)As soon as injected
B)Within 10 minutes
C)After 2 hours
D)After 4 hours
Q3) The nurse would expect to assess which serum potassium level in a patient who has severe vomiting and diarrhea?
A)Less than 3.5 mEq/L
B)Between 3.5 and 4.5 mEq/L
C)Between 4.6 and 5 mEq/L
D)Higher than 5.5 mEq/L
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Chapter 30: Drugs Used to Treat Upper Respiratory Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which patient(s) would be able to take an alpha adrenergic decongestant safely?
(Select all that apply.)
A)24-year-old woman with allergic rhinitis
B)18-year-old man with cold symptoms
C)64-year-old woman with a history of heart disease
D)70-year-old woman with glaucoma
E)56-year-old man with prostatic hypertrophy
Q2) What initiates the sneeze reflex?
A)Stimulation of the vagus nerve
B)Irritation of the nasal mucosa by foreign particulate matter
C)Stimulation of the tonsils
D)Enervation of the olfactory cranial nerve
Q3) Which medication may be given to patients with allergic seasonal rhinitis who do not respond to antihistamines and sympathomimetics?
A)Leukotrienes
B)Mineralocorticoids
C)Corticosteroids
D)Cortisol
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33
Chapter 31: Drugs Used to Treat Lower Respiratory Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement(s) about ipratropium bromide (Atrovent) is/are true? (Select all that apply.)
A)It is administered by aerosol inhalation.
B)It relieves nasal congestion.
C)It decreases mucus secretion.
D)It has minimal effect on ciliary activity.
E)It is used for short term treatment of bronchospasm.
F)It may cause tachycardia or urinary retention.
Q2) A child has been diagnosed with asthma and the nurse is providing education to the family.Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?
A)"I will place the stuffed animals in the freezer overnight."
B)"We will confine our dog to the kitchen area."
C)"I should wash bedding in hot water."
D)"A damp cloth should be used when I dust."
Q3) What is the action of zafirlukast (Accolate), a leukotriene receptor antagonist?
A)Dilates the alveolar sacs
B)Decreases leukotriene release
C)Inhibits histamine release
D)Increases viscosity of secretions
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Page 34
Chapter 32: Drugs Used to Treat Oral Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient about cold sores?
A)Use of drying agents prevents the spread of secretions.
B)Erupted lesions are not contagious.
C)Eruptions are related to breaks in personal hygiene.
D)Pus filled lesions indicate a secondary bacterial infection.
Q2) A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) uses a corticosteroid inhaler bid.Which adverse effect is associated with this medication?
A)Mucositis
B)Plaque
C)Xerostomia
D)Candidiasis
Q3) A patient using carbamide peroxide (Gly Oxide) to treat multiple canker sores develops tissue irritation and black hairy tongue.The patient asks the nurse what can be done to soothe the pain.The nurse will first encourage use of:
A)Milk of Magnesia.
B)viscous lidocaine 2%.
C)Salivart.
D)saline rinses.
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35
Chapter 33: Drugs Used to Treat Gastroesophageal Reflux and Peptic Ulcer Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is discussing dietary and lifestyle changes with a patient diagnosed with GERD.When reviewing necessary modifications, the nurse will include information regarding: (Select all that apply.)
A)limiting coffee intake to 2 cups/day.
B)smoking cessation.
C)avoiding NSAIDs.
D)decreasing protein foods.
E)using nonfat milk
Q2) A patient with PUD asks the nurse about the action of prokinetic medications.Which explanation by the nurse is accurate?
A)It blocks the formation of hydrochloric acid, reducing irritation of the gastric mucosa.
B)It increases the lower esophageal sphincter muscle pressure and peristalsis.
C)It reduces the secretion of saliva, hydrochloric acid, pepsin, bile, and other enzymatic fluids.
D)It decreases the volume of hydrochloric acid produced, increasing the gastric pH.
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Chapter 34: Drugs Used to Treat Nausea and Vomiting
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which herb has been used in many cultures to provide relief of nausea associated with pregnancy?
A)Mint
B)Hyssop
C)Echinacea
D)Ginger
Q2) A patient going on vacation asks the nurse what she can give to her 3 year old child who becomes car sick.Which response(s) would be accurate? (Select all that apply.)
A)"Positioning techniques such as placing the child facing forward and blocking out scenery through the side windows can be helpful."
B)"There is no such thing as car sickness."
C)"If your child does vomit, give over the counter Benadryl."
D)"I would check with the pharmacist regarding over the counter products available for young children."
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Chapter 35: Drugs Used to Treat Constipation and Diarrhea
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which instruction will the nurse include in the discharge teaching of a patient taking psyllium?
A)"Administer with a full glass of water."
B)"Limit the intake of high fiber foods."
C)"Avoid mixing in juice."
D)"Fat soluble vitamin deficiency is common."
Q2) The nurse is performing a premedication assessment.For which patient would laxative use be contraindicated?
A)Patient with quadriplegia
B)Patient with appendicitis
C)Geriatric patient
D)Patient with fractured femur
Q3) Which symptom is the patient with a lactase deficiency most likely to exhibit?
A)Constipation
B)Excessive salivation
C)Diarrhea
D)Vomiting
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Chapter 36: Drugs Used to Treat Diabetes Mellitus
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement(s) regarding gestational diabetes would be true? (Select all that apply.)
A)It is diagnosed in about 2% of all pregnancies in the United States.
B)It includes diabetic women who become pregnant.
C)Fetal development may be complicated as a result of gestational diabetes.
D)The risk of developing diabetes after pregnancy is increased.
E)Most women with gestational diabetes have normal glucose tolerance postpartum.
F)Women need to be re evaluated postpartum to determine their classification with respect to glucose tolerance.
Q2) Which instruction by the nurse is accurate to include when providing teaching to a patient recently diagnosed with diabetes who has been prescribed insulin?
A)Beta blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia.
B)Lipodystrophy increases the absorption of insulin.
C)Infection will decrease the need for insulin.
D)Excessive exercise will increase the need for insulin.
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Chapter 37: Drugs Used to Treat Thyroid Disease
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the mechanism of action of propylthiouracil?
A)Blocks reuptake of thyroid hormone in the liver
B)Destroys hormone in the thyroid gland
C)Increases synthesis of hormone in the thyroid gland
D)Blocks synthesis of hormone in the thyroid gland
Q2) A postoperative total thyroidectomy patient is started on levothyroxine (Synthroid) daily.What information will the nurse include in discharge teaching? (Select all that apply.)
A)"Close follow up with your health care provider is important."
B)"Notify your health care provider if you experience any palpitations or tachycardia."
C)"A variation in emotions and personality is normal during this adjustment period."
D)"Synthroid may be stopped as soon as the thyroid gland resumes functioning."
E)"When energy levels have returned, Synthroid will be gradually tapered."
Q3) Which condition can occur if congenital hypothyroidism is not treated?
A)Diabetes
B)Impaired vision
C)Periorbital edema
D)Cretinism
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Chapter 38: Corticosteroids
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are functions of glucocorticoids? (Select all that apply.)
A)Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance
B)Have anti inflammatory activities
C)Regulate protein, carbohydrate, and fat metabolism
D)Provide relief of rheumatoid arthritis
E)Include aldosterone
Q2) A patient who has been taking glucocorticoids over the past 3 months for Crohn's disease comes in for a follow up visit.On assessment, the nurse notes facial edema, thinning extremities, and a fatty deposition (buffalo hump) on the scapular area.The patient reports the symptoms of the Crohn's disease are "somewhat better." What will the nurse expect the treatment to be?
A)Decrease the steroid dosage by one half.
B)Increase the steroid dosage.
C)Maintain the steroid dosage.
D)Immediately stop the steroid dosage.
Q3) Which condition would require mineralocorticoid replacement?
A)Addison's disease
B)Diabetes insipidus
C)Myxedema
D)Glomerulonephritis
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Chapter 39: Gonadal Hormones
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse is completing discharge teaching to a new mother who will begin oral contraceptives.Which common adverse effect(s) should be expected? (Select all that apply.)
A)Elevated blood pressure
B)Breast tenderness
C)Weight gain
D)Edema
E)Increased thirst
Q2) What is progestin therapy used for? (Select all that apply.)
A)Contraception
B)Endometriosis
C)Amenorrhea
D)Abnormal uterine bleeding
E)Cancer
Q3) Why is estrogen therapy used in postmenopausal women? (Select all that apply.)
A)To meet contraceptive needs
B)To treat acne
C)To prevent osteoporosis
D)To treat hot flashes
E)To maintain hormonal balance
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Chapter 40: Drugs Used in Obstetrics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which test would the nurse anticipate to be done to determine if preterm labor is present in a patient whose symptoms are questionable?
A)Sonogram
B)Fetal fibronectin test
C)Amniocentesis
D)Doppler study
Q2) Which drug will the nurse administer to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis in the newborn?
A)Silver nitrate
B)Dexamethasone
C)Erythromycin
D)Vitamin K
Q3) Which assessment(s) will the nurse complete during routine pregnancy visits?
(Select all that apply.)
A)Blood pressure
B)Hemoglobin
C)Weight
D)Fetal heart sounds
E)Glucose tolerance test (GTT)
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Chapter 41: Drugs Used in Mens and Womens Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient states that she has a difficult time remembering when to resume her triphasic contraceptive pills following her menses.Which alternative plan will the nurse suggest that she discuss with her health care provider?
A)Changing to the 28-day packet
B)Using the inert pills every other month
C)Changing her prescription to the mini pill
D)Calling the health care provider whenever she forgets to get appropriate instruction
Q2) The health care provider has instructed a patient to use over the counter miconazole (Monistat) cream to treat her vaginal yeast infection.What information is important to include in patient education? (Select all that apply.)
A)Wash the genital area thoroughly before inserting the vaginal cream.
B)Wash the applicator before usage.
C)Wear a minipad to catch remaining discharge following vaginal administration.
D)Wash hands before and after administration.
E)The sexual partner may require treatment as well.
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Chapter 42: Drugs Used to Treat Disorders of the Urinary System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A 14-year-old male is taking tolterodine (Detrol).What is the action of this drug?
A)Restores bladder tone and function
B)Decreases the urge to void
C)Prevents urinary retention
D)Acidifies urine
Q2) What may become discolored by phenazopyridine (Pyridium) in addition to the urine?
A)Feces
B)Sclera
C)Sputum
D)Saliva
Q3) A patient is complaining of moderate bladder pain and spasms secondary to a UTI.Which drug would assist in relieving symptoms?
A)Tolterodine (Detrol)
B)Nitrofurantoin (Furadantin)
C)Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium)
D)Oxybutynin chloride (Ditropan)
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Page 45
Chapter 43: Drugs Used to Treat Glaucoma and Other Eye Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement(s) about aqueous humor is/are true? (Select all that apply.)
A)Bathes and feeds the lens, posterior surface of the cornea, and iris
B)Maintains the iris color
C)Drains out of the eye through drainage channels located near the junction of the cornea and sclera
D)Manufactures fluid for tear production
E)Flows out of the canal of Schlemm into the venous system of the eye
Q2) Which discharge instruction will the nurse include for a patient sent home from the clinic who is taking an adrenergic ophthalmic solution for an acute inflammation?
A)Headaches and eye pain are adverse effects to be reported to the health care provider immediately.
B)Mouth dryness should be reported immediately.
C)Avoid driving or operating machinery until blurring subsides.
D)"Halos" or yellow rings around objects will be seen while taking this medication.
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Chapter 44: Drugs Used for Cancer Treatment
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Sample Questions
Q1) When educating the patient on chemotherapy regarding skin care, the nurse will include: (Select all that apply.)
A)vigorously drying the skin with a bath towel.
B)avoiding sunlight.
C)using mild soap.
D)avoiding moisturizer.
E)bathing in lukewarm water.
Q2) The nurse is preparing to administer medroxyprogesterone acetate as prescribed to a patient diagnosed with endometrial carcinoma.When gathering supplies to provide this medication, the nurse will obtain a(n):
A)plastic medication cup.
B)medicine dropper.
C)subcutaneous needle and syringe.
D)intramuscular (IM) needle and syringe.
Q3) Why is a patient with prostate cancer prescribed an estrogen?
A)To achieve hormonal balance
B)To decrease the rate of production for malignant cells
C)To soften prostatic tissue
D)To suppress prostate gland function
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Chapter 45: Drugs Used to Treat the Muscular System
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient who has undergone a lengthy surgical procedure under general anesthesia is unable to breathe on his own following the procedure.Which drug will the nurse expect to be administered as an antidote to the neuromuscular-blocking agent?
A)Dantrolene (Dantrium)
B)Neostigmine methylsulfate (Prostigmin)
C)Ether
D)Baclofen (Lioresal)
Q2) Which medication will be prescribed for a patient complaining of muscle spasms resulting from a back injury?
A)Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
B)Morphine sulfate
C)Bethanechol (Urecholine)
D)Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
Q3) Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain when a patient is being treated with a neuromuscular-blocking agent?
A)Skin assessment for rash and urticaria
B)Blood pressure assessment for orthostatic hypotension
C)Respiratory assessment for patent airway
D)Assessment for fluid volume overload
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Page 48
Chapter 46: Antimicrobial Agents
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Sample Questions
Q1) What adverse effect may manifest as dizziness, tinnitus, and progressive hearing loss?
A)Ear infection
B)Drug allergy
C)Ototoxicity
D)Idiosyncratic reaction
Q2) The nurse will monitor patients on cephalosporins and loop diuretics for which adverse effect?
A)Hepatic toxicity
B)Ototoxicity
C)Nephrotoxicity
D)Splenotoxicity
Q3) The nurse is caring for a patient being treated with an antimicrobial agent for the diagnosis of a sexually transmitted infection.Which statement made by the patient shows a need for further education?
A)"I will use a barrier method when having sexual intercourse during therapy."
B)"I will increase fluid intake to 2000 to 3000 mL/day."
C)"I will increase protein in my diet."
D)"I will rest frequently."
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Chapter 47: Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) A patient is being discharged on psyllium (Metamucil).Which explanation(s) by the nurse would be accurate regarding fiber intake? (Select all that apply.)
A)It adds bulk to fecal content.
B)It enhances gastric emptying.
C)It decreases blood cholesterol concentration.
D)It decreases postprandial blood glucose concentration.
E)It stimulates the appetite.
Q2) How are essential fatty acids used in the body? (Select all that apply.)
A)Building cell membranes
B)Energy production
C)Prostaglandin production
D)Catalyzing metabolic reactions
E)Eicosanoid production
F)Stimulation of growth hormone
Q3) Which meal contains the best sources of dietary fiber?
A)Eggs, bacon, orange juice
B)Salad, whole wheat toast, sliced peach
C)Roast beef, mashed potatoes with gravy, corn, milk
D)Grilled hamburger on a bun, fresh carrot sticks, potato chips
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Page 50
Chapter 48: Herbal and Dietary Supplement Therapy
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse at a health care clinic is educating a patient regarding the use of the supplement ginseng.What information should be conveyed by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)
A)Research has confirmed that ginseng increases the body's resistance to stress.
B)Ginseng is available in tablet form.
C)Insomnia can result from ginseng intake.
D)Ginseng is an aphrodisiac.
E)Ginseng may affect blood coagulation.
Q2) Which herb is used to stimulate the innate immune system?
A)Aloe
B)Echinacea
C)Chamomile
D)Ginger
Q3) The use of which medication would alert the nurse to educate the patient about using ginkgo biloba cautiously?
A)Antiemetics
B)Anti inflammatories
C)Anticoagulants
D)Antibiotics
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Chapter 49: Substance Abuse
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Sample Questions
Q1) A health professional colleague is suspected of having a substance abuse problem because of the person's frequent absenteeism, mood swings when at work, diminished alertness, and poor patient care.Which action(s) will the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
A)Confront the individual.
B)Document specific examples of inappropriate actions.
C)Avoid assigning this individual to patients with narcotic medication orders or high acuities.
D)Notify law enforcement of the suspicions.
E)Submit a confidential report to an appropriate supervisor.
Q2) What is the rationale for administering acamprosate (Campral)?
A)Withdrawal from alcohol addiction
B)Maintenance of sobriety
C)Improvement of renal function
D)Correction of electrolyte imbalances
Q3) What does a urinalysis that is positive for the drug tested indicate?
A)It indicates illegal drug use.
B)It verifies drug dependency.
C)It is a violation of the individual's constitutional rights.
D)It verifies whether the drug is present in the specimen.
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Chapter 50: Miscellaneous Agents
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Q1) The nurse is providing information to a patient with chronic gout arthritis who is prescribed probenecid.Which information by the nurse is accurate regarding the action of this drug?
A)It prevents uric acid crystal formation.
B)It promotes uric acid excretion.
C)It provides analgesia.
D)It treats acute gout attacks.
Q2) The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with gout who has elevated uric acid levels.Which medication will likely be administered?
A)Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
B)Disulfiram (Antabuse)
C)Lactulose (Cephulac)
D)Memantine (Namenda)
Q3) Which nursing action is accurate when administering colchicine?
A)Administer the medication subcutaneously.
B)Maintain fluid intake of at least eight 8 ounce glasses daily.
C)Increase fiber in the diet to prevent constipation.
D)Inform the patient that pain will be alleviated in 2 weeks.
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