Personality Psychology Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Personality Psychology explores the scientific study of individual differences in patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving. The course examines major theories of personality, including psychoanalytic, trait, humanistic, social-cognitive, and biological perspectives. Students will analyze how personality develops and manifests across the lifespan, the methods used to assess personality, and the role personality plays in influencing behavior, relationships, and psychological well-being. The course also considers the interplay between genetic, environmental, and cultural factors in shaping individual personality traits and integrates contemporary research findings in the field.
Recommended Textbook Psychology and Your Life 2nd Edition by Robert
S. Feldman
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12 Chapters
1292 Verified Questions
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the differences between free will and determinism. Answer: Free will is a humanistic concept which focuses on the ability to freely make decisions about one's own behavior and life.Determinism is the opposite of free will and says that behavior is caused,or determined,by things beyond a person's control.
Q2) Which of the following subfields in psychology applies psychology to the criminal justice system and legal issues?
A)Cognitive Psychology
B)Forensic Psychology
C)Counseling Psychology
D)Clinical Psychology
Answer: B
Q3) Which of the following subfields in psychology focuses primarily on educational,social,and career adjustment problems?
A)Cognitive Psychology
B)Clinical Psychology
C)Experimental Psychology
D)Counseling Psychology
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Neuroscience and Behavior Concepts
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Sample Questions
Q1) There are two major divisions of the peripheral nervous system.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) A procedure in which a person learns to control through conscious thought internal physiological processes such as blood pressure,heart and respiration rate,skin temperature,sweating,and the constriction of particular muscles is called
A)relaxation
B)biofeedback
C)lateralization
D)stress reduction
Answer: B
Q3) A ________ is the space between two neurons where the axon of a sending neuron communicates with the dendrites of a receiving neuron by using chemical messages.
Answer: synapse
Explanation: synapse
A synapse is a chemical connection that bridges the gap between components.
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the concept of sensory adaptation and include at least one example. Answer: Sensory adaptation is an adjustment in sensory capacity after prolonged exposure to unchanging stimuli.Adaptation focuses on unchanging stimuli.That is why we become accustomed to various stimuli when we are around it long enough.An example would be when we smell something like popcorn in a movie theater and become adapted to the smell and thus,no longer smell the popcorn.Adaptation can be smelling someone's perfume or food cooking.
Q2) When light energy strikes the rods and cones,it triggers a neural response that moves out of the back of the eyeball and into the brain through a bundle of ganglion axons called the _______________.
A)fovea
B)rods
C)cones
D)optic nerve
Answer: D
Q3) Perceptual constancy keeps us from being misled by what we see.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: States of Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) In ____________________theory,dreams represent unconscious wishes that dreamers desire to see fulfilled.
Q2) Sleep apnea is characterized by constricted breathing during sleep that forces the sleeper to wake up momentarily,sometimes as many as hundreds of times each night.
A)True
B)False
Q3) __________,a stimulant,is what makes cigarette smoking so addictive.
A)Nicotine
B)Caffeine
C)Barbiturate
D)Ginseng
Q4) ___________ is a learned technique for refocusing attention that brings about an altered state of consciousness.
Q5) In ____________ theory,the actual wishes that are threatening to the dreamer's conscious awareness are disguised.
Q6) Sudden awakenings from non-REM sleep that are accompanied by extreme fear,panic,and strong psychological arousal are called __________________.
Q7) A___________ is a drug that is capable of changes in the perceptual process.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Learning
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Sample Questions
Q1) If two stimuli are sufficiently distinct from each other that one evokes a conditioned response but the other does not,then it is called stimulus _______________.
Q2) There are two types of punishment: positive punishment and negative punishment.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How did Pavlov demonstrate classical conditioning in his initial studies?
Q4) Explain the relationships between stimuli and responses according to classical conditioning.
Q5) Classical conditioning was created by ________________.
A) Sigmund Freud
B) Ivan Pavlov
C) B.F. Skinner
D) John B. Watson
Q6) Classical conditioning focuses on the natural biological responses to the presence of a stimulus such as food,water,or pain,whereas operant conditioning applies to voluntary responses,which an organism performs deliberately to produce a desirable outcome.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Thinking, Memory, Cognition, and Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) A rule that if applied appropriately,guarantees a solution to a problem,is the definition of which term?
A)Heuristics
B)Algorithm
C)Reasoning
D)Evaluation
Q2) Representations in the mind that resemble the object or event being represented are known as _____________ images.
Q3) In proactive ___________,information learned earlier disrupts the recall of newer material.
Q4) If you move to a new house and you are asked for your address,but can only remember your old address,you are exhibiting ______________ interference.
Q5) A meaningful grouping of stimuli that can be stored as a unit in short-term memory is called ______________.
Q6) ____________ memory holds information for 15 to 25 seconds and stores it according to its meaning rather than as mere stimulation.
Q7) A cognitive shortcut that may lead to a solution is the definition of __________.
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Chapter 7: Motivation and Emotion
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Sample Questions
Q1) Primary drives contrast with secondary drives,in which behavior fulfills no obvious biological need.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Incentive approaches to motivation suggest that motivation stems from the desire to obtain valued external goals.
A)True
B)False
Q3) People who are sexually attracted to members of their own sex are considered ______________.
Q4) Arousal approaches to motivation suggest that motivation is a product of people's thoughts,expectations,and goals.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The particular level of weight that the body strives to maintain,which in turn regulates food intake,is known as the ____________ point.
Q6) Explain the purpose of homeostasis.
Q7) ___________ drives are hunger,thirst,sleep,and sex.
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Q8) _____________ is sexual attraction and behavior directed to the other sex.
Chapter 8: Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) The midlife crisis always occurs for people who are unhappy with their lives and are looking for change.
A)True
B)False
Q2) _______________ processing is the way in which people take in,use,and store information.
A)Data
B)Information
C)Computer
D)Mental
Q3) _____________ parents are firm,setting limits for their children.As the children get older,these parents try to reason and explain things to them.
Q4) _______________ processing is the way in which people take in,use,and store information.
Q5) A developing individual,from eight weeks after conception until birth,is called a(n)___________.
Q6) Lev Vygotsky created the concept of the ____________________.This is the level at which a child can almost,but not fully,comprehend or perform a task on his or her own.
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Chapter 9: Personality and Individual Differences
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychodynamic theories of personality emphasize the importance of the conscious.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Practical intelligence is intelligence related to overall success in living.
A)True
B)False
Q3) According to Freud,the part of the personality that contains the memories,knowledge,beliefs,feelings,urges,drives,and instincts of which the individual is not aware is called the ______________.
A)conscious
B)conscience
C)unconscious
D)psychological experience
Q4) The id operates according to the _____________ principle.
A)reality
B)conscious
C)pleasure
D)unconscious
Q5) Explain what considerations you should take into account when analyzing personality assessments.
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Chapter 10: Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) How does the sociocultural perspective apply to theories of abnormal behavior?
Q2) The ______________ perspective views the behavior itself as the problem.Using the basic principles of learning,these theorists see both normal and abnormal behaviors as responses to various stimuli.
Q3) ____________ disorder is characterized by unwanted thoughts or feelings that a person must carry out actions against his or her will.
Q4) Nick is terrified of spiders.If he sees a picture of a spider,he starts to sweat and tremble.Nick is likely suffering from a _______________ involving spiders.
Q5) How does the medical perspective apply to the theories of abnormal behavior?
Q6) The _____________ perspective suggests that anxiety is a learned response to stress.
Q7) The _____________ perspective suggests that anxiety disorders grow out of inappropriate and inaccurate thoughts and beliefs about circumstances in a person's world.
A)cognitive
B)behavioral
C)psychoanalytic
D)humanistic
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Treatment of Psychological Disorders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The branch of psychology that focuses on the prevention and minimization of psychological disorders in the community is called _____________ psychology.
A)humanistic
B)psychodynamic
C)community
D)behavioral
Q2) A form of therapy that reduces the frequency of undesired behavior by pairing an unpleasant stimulus with undesired behavior is called ____________ conditioning.
A)negative
B)positive
C)aversive
D)systematic desensitization
Q3) Illustrate how antipsychotic drugs changed mental hospitals.
Q4) Most psychologists agree that therapy works,regardless of the brand of therapy you experience.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain rational-emotive behavior therapy,and name who created this theory.
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Chapter 12: Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The tendency to think of people as being similar to oneself,even when meeting them for the first time,is known as _________________.
Q2) List the factors that initially attract two people to each other.
Q3) List the basic steps of helping.
Q4) The theory of personality that seeks to explain how we decide,on the basis of samples of an individual's behavior,what the specific causes of that person's behavior are is known as ____________ theory.
A)cause
B)attribution
C)dispositional
D)situational
Q5) Learned _________ occurs when people conclude that unpleasant or aversive stimuli cannot be controlled-a view of the world that becomes so ingrained that they cease trying to remedy the aversive circumstances,even if they actually can exert some influence on the situation.
Q6) Efforts to control,reduce,or learn to tolerate the threats that lead to stress is known as ________.
Q7) A change in behavior in response to the commands of others is known as
Page 14
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