Organizational Communication Exam
Answer Key
Course Introduction
Organizational Communication examines the flow of information within and between organizations, focusing on how communication shapes, maintains, and transforms workplace structures, cultures, and relationships. The course explores key theories, communication processes, and practical strategies to enhance message clarity, foster collaboration, and manage conflict in diverse organizational settings. Students develop skills in interpersonal, group, and digital communication, and critically analyze the impact of communication on leadership, decision-making, organizational change, and ethical practices.
Recommended Textbook
Organizational Behavior 18th Edition by Stephen P. Robbins
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18 Chapters
1987 Verified Questions
1987 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: What Is Organizational Behavior?
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychology seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes change the behavior of humans and other animals.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) ________ get things done through other people. They make decisions, allocate resources, and direct the activities of others to attain goals.
A) Assistants
B) Managers
C) Secretaries
D) Interns
E) Apprentices
Answer: B
Q3) A survey of over 2,100 CFOs across 20 industries indicated that a lack of interpersonal skills is the top reason why some employees fail to advance.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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3
Chapter 2: Diversity in Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the basic components necessary for a workforce program to encourage diversity within the organization.
Answer: Effective, comprehensive workforce programs encouraging diversity have three distinct components. First, they teach managers about the legal framework for equal employment opportunity and encourage fair treatment of all people regardless of their demographic characteristics. Second, they teach managers how a diverse workforce will be better able to serve a diverse market of customers and clients. Third, they foster personal development practices that bring out the skills and abilities of all workers, acknowledging how differences in perspective can be a valuable way to improve performance for everyone.
Q2) Effective diversity management involves eliminating unfair discrimination. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) The structures and measures of intellectual abilities generalize across cultures. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Attitudes and Job Satisfaction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Actively and constructively attempting to improve conditions is part of the loyalty response to dissatisfaction.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Job satisfaction describes a positive feeling about a job, resulting from an evaluation of its characteristics.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) If there is an inconsistency between an individual's attitude on a specific issue and his/her behavior, there are only two courses of action available-alter the attitude or alter the behavior.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Emotions and Moods
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true regarding sources of moods and emotions?
A) Reduced sleep makes a person more alert during waking hours.
B) Physical and informal activities increase positive mood.
C) Weather has a controlling effect on moods.
D) Intensity of negative emotions increases with age.
E) Mounting levels of stress at work create positive emotions.
Q2) Ben Ervin often experiences emotions in a much stronger manner than most of his other colleagues. Events that do not provoke any significant emotional response from another person send him into fits of happiness, anger, or depression. In view of such a situation, Ervin is displaying a high level of ________.
A) intelligence quotient
B) sentience quotient
C) intellectual giftedness
D) butterfly effect
E) affect intensity
Q3) Discuss whether there are gender differences regarding emotions.
Q4) What impact do social activities have on one's moods?
Q5) What is the difference between felt emotions and displayed emotions?
Q6) What are affect, emotions, and moods?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Personality and Values
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Sample Questions
Q1) Explain the effect of core self-evaluation on job performance.
Q2) Percy Collins works as a life advisor at an insurance firm and often looks for constant admiration from his manager every time he sells a policy. He also feels that he is the best at his work and no other advisor in his company has the ability or the skills to sell the amount of policies that he can. During meetings and team-building exercises, colleagues often find him rude, distant, and antagonistic. What categories according to the Big Five model and other personality traits are Collins most likely to be characterized by?
Q3) According to Hofstede's five value dimensions of national culture, people in a culture with long-term orientation look to the future and value thrift, persistence, and tradition.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is true regarding values?
A) They are void of a judgmental element.
B) They are invariably fluid and flexible in nature.
C) They have content and intensity attributes.
D) They never change irrespective of external factors.
E) They are always established in a person's later years.
Q5) Describe the personality characteristics of Machiavellianism.
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Chapter 6: Perception and Individual Decision Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is intuitive decision making? Explain.
Q2) According to the attribution theory, which of the following behaviors is most likely to be attributed to an external cause?
A) a behavior that scores high on consensus
B) a behavior that scores low on distinctiveness
C) a behavior that scores high on consistency
D) a behavior that scores low on traceability
E) a behavior that scores high on rigidity
Q3) ________ is the process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment.
A) Sensation
B) Impression
C) Apprehension
D) Attribution
E) Perception
Q4) Describe confirmation bias.
Q5) What are the three ethical decision criteria? Explain.
Q6) What is selective perception?
Q7) Explain the effect of gender on decision making.
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Chapter 7: Motivation Concepts
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following sources of increasing self-efficacy involves gaining relevant experience with a particular task or job?
A) verbal persuasion
B) enactive mastery
C) vicarious modeling
D) arousal
E) cognitive learning
Q2) Based on equity theory, employees who perceive inequity will make any of the following choices except ________.
A) be content with the referent
B) change the inputs
C) change the outputs
D) distort the perceptions of one's self
E) leave the field
Q3) McClelland's theory of needs has received little research support, particularly when cultural dimensions are considered.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Why are people motivated by challenging goals?
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Chapter 8: Motivation: From Concepts to Applications
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Sample Questions
Q1) Job enrichment improves employees' skills by periodically shifting an employee from one task to another with similar skill requirements at the same organizational level.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following represents a pay plan that rewards employees for recent performance rather than historical performance?
A) bonus
B) flexible benefits
C) modular plans
D) cafeteria plans
E) base salary
Q3) Which of the following is an example of an intrinsic reward?
A) bonus
B) profit-sharing plan
C) employee stock option
D) employee recognition
E) gainsharing
Q4) What are the various dimensions of the job characteristics model?
Q5) Describe the aspects of a company bonus plan.
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Chapter 9: Foundations of Group Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) As a member of a group, you typically desire acceptance by the group and are susceptible to ________ to group norms.
A) approving
B) divulging
C) conforming
D) divergence
E) Appearance
Q2) Jonas Wilkes has struggled for many years with tight finances at home. Throughout school and college, he worked really hard, earned the best grades, and prepared himself for a better life. By a better life, he meant a house in the uptown Wellington Road and a membership in the Diamond District Club where he envisions himself playing golf on weekends. The residents of Wellington Road and the members of Diamond District Club serve as a(n) ________ for him.
A) nominal group
B) organizational group
C) control group
D) intervention group
E) reference group
Q3) How can social loafing be prevented?
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Understanding Work Teams
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an example of a task conflict?
A) Will and Hilda have been removed from the team they worked with after they were overheard making derogatory comments about one of their colleague's racial origin.
B) Henry and Solomon have been reprimanded by their project lead for spending too much time using the Internet for personal use at work.
C) Linda and Dorothy had a disagreement over which of their employees should be assigned to work on a high-priority project.
D) Sally and her manager have just had a heated argument because Sally feels she has been overlooked for a promotion that was her rightful due.
E) The company head has resigned after longstanding conflict between him and his top management employees.
Q2) Problem-solving teams discuss a problem, generate potential solutions, and implement them successfully.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How must roles be allocated to ensure effective team performance?
Q4) How does a climate of trust improve effectiveness of teams?
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Chapter 11: Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the seven key parts of the communication process?
Q2) Shirley Shands is a hard worker, but Debra, her manager, is irritated with her. While Debra concedes that Shirley's work gives her no cause for complaint, Debra is tired of the interruptions in her work because of Shirley asking for repeated clarifications over what exactly she has to say in e-mails or phone calls. She often requests Debra to proofread her e-mails before sending them, and Debra feels she sends too many e-mails instead of just speaking to the person concerned. From the scenario, we can conclude that
A) Shirley processes her e-mails in an automatic and superficial manner
B) Shirley and Debra come from a high-context culture
C) Debra is engaging in social loafing
D) Shirley suffers from communication apprehension
E) Shirley uses filtering when communicating with Debra
Q3) The ________ is the actual physical product of the sender's encoding.
A) channel
B) filter
C) message
D) noise
E) medium
Q4) List and explain four of the barriers to effective communication.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the situational leadership theory, a follower with the desired ability and willingness is likely to be ________.
A) lacking in the area of motivation
B) deficient in the specific skills required
C) comfortable in his ability to do the job well
D) highly skilled in relevant areas but low on experience
E) in need of leadership that is highly task oriented
Q2) Which of the following is a feature of servant leadership?
A) pursuit of the leaders' self-interest
B) use of power and authority to achieve organizational ends
C) universal appeal and effectiveness across cultures
D) focus on growth, development, and well-being of followers
E) applicability restricted to the leader's ingroup
Q3) The best leaders are transformational, not transactional.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The behavioral theories view leadership as a set of actions that people can be trained in.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 13: Power and Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Self-promotion works well as an impression management technique for interviews as well as performance evaluations.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Rational persuasion is a power tactic that involves the use of ________.
A) formal authority
B) logical arguments and factual evidence
C) emotions to target the values, needs, and hopes of the other party
D) benefits or favors in exchange for following a request
E) warnings, repeated demands, and threats
Q3) Under the zero-sum approach, rewards are distributed such that ________.
A) rewards are equal and do not increase or decrease with changes in profit margins
B) rewards increase for all employees at an identical rate
C) any drop in profits reduces the pay of employees by an identical amount
D) amount allocated for rewards is variable
E) rewards increase for a group at the expense of loss for another group
Q4) Define power.
Q5) Contrast leadership and power.
Q6) How does reward power contribute to sexual harassment?
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Conflict and Negotiation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe the five conflict-handling intentions that are based on the dimensions of cooperativeness and assertiveness.
Q2) Stratford Inc. is a company that hires culturally diverse people to perform Shakespearean plays for high school students. The company employs actors and actresses from all over the world. The actors and actresses have joined together to ask the company for higher salaries. The employees are struggling over deciding who will negotiate for them. Which of the following statements is true pertaining to the effect of individual differences on negotiations?
A) Women tend to negotiate better outcomes than men.
B) Extraverts tend to be very successful in distributive bargaining.
C) People who are highly interested in having positive relationships with other people are poor negotiators.
D) Individuals who score high on agreeableness dimension tend to be very successful in distributive bargaining.
E) Positive moods and emotions negatively affect integrative bargaining.
Q3) Discuss the effectiveness of teams versus individuals in negotiations in collectivist cultures.
Q4) Explain how self-efficacy impacts negotiation outcomes.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Foundations of Organization Structure
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Sample Questions
Q1) As compared to a decentralized organization, a centralized organization can act more quickly to solve problems.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following is a characteristic of a simple structure?
A) high centralization
B) inflexibility
C) narrow spans of control
D) ambiguous accountability
E) high degree of formalization
Q3) Discuss boundary spanning in organizations and between organizations.
Q4) A virtual organization lacks flexibility.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is a virtual organization and its advantages and disadvantages.
Q6) Describe the various ways in which the negative impact of downsizing can be minimized.
Q7) Formalization is a key element of organizational structure. What is indicated by formalization? Describe the characteristics of a highly formalized organization.
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Chapter 16: Organizational Culture
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the characteristics of a spiritual organization?
Q2) The "shared meaning" aspect of culture makes it a potent device for guiding and shaping behavior.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ________ refers to the shared perceptions organizational members have about their organization and work environment.
A) Organizational climate
B) Institutionalization
C) Microcosm
D) Groupthink
E) Organizational apprehension
Q4) A strong culture can act as a substitute for which of the following?
A) institutionalization
B) formalization
C) socialization
D) centralization
E) social support
Q5) Discuss the difference between the clan, the adhocracy, the market, and the hierarchy.
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Chapter 17: Human Resource Policies and Practices
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following have/has proven to be a particularly good predictor for jobs that include cognitively complex tasks?
A) intelligence tests
B) integrity evaluations
C) work sampling
D) drug tests
E) behavioral assessment
Q2) A test that measures factors such as dependability, carefulness, responsibility, and honesty is referred to as a task variability test.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Discuss the problems underlying the work-life conflict and explain some of the techniques that an organization can use to help employees achieve the work-life balance.
Q4) Describe and discuss the use of written essays as a means of performance evaluation.
Q5) What are the three most popular sets of criteria for evaluating employee performance?
Q6) Describe disadvantages of the interview.
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Chapter 18: Organizational Change and Stress Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Appreciative inquiry (AI) is an organizational development technique. Which of the following statements is true regarding appreciative inquiry?
A) It tries to identify discrepancies among member perceptions and solve these differences.
B) It uses high-interaction group activities to increase trust and openness among team members, improve coordinative efforts, and increase team performance.
C) It involves an outside consultant who helps the manager to analyze processes within his or her unit and identify what to improve and how.
D) It consists of four steps including discovery, dreaming, design, and destiny.
E) It seeks to change groups' attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions about each other.
Q2) Idea champions display characteristics associated with ________ leadership.
A) narcissistic
B) transformational
C) autocratic
D) transactional
E) laissez-faire
Q3) What are the various forces that make it necessary for organizations to change?
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Page 20