Organizational Behavior
Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
Organizational Behavior explores the principles and applications of human behavior within business and organizational settings. This course examines how individuals and groups interact, make decisions, communicate, and exhibit leadership within organizations. Key topics include motivation, team dynamics, organizational culture, conflict and negotiation, power and politics, and change management. By studying these concepts, students gain insights into how to improve employee performance, foster positive workplace relationships, enhance organizational effectiveness, and address challenges in diverse and evolving business environments.
Recommended Textbook MGMT 11th Edition by Chuck Williams
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18 Chapters
2105 Verified Questions
2105 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Management
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125 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Debra is the day-shift supervisor at a company that manufactures and supplies plastic bottles to pharmaceutical companies. She is responsible for estimating the hiring needs for the day-shift at the factory. She also prepares the schedules for the training process of newly hired employees. Most importantly, she overlooks the entire day-shift production process at the factory and reports to her manager on a regular basis. In this scenario, Debra is most likely a _____.
A) middle manager
B) team leader
C) first-line manager
D) top manager
Answer: C
Q2) An account manager with _____ has the ability to create statements for a budget, compare the budget to the actual income statement of a particular financial year, and determine unnecessary expenses.
A) technical skills
B) human skills
C) conceptual skills
D) interpersonal skills
Answer: A
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Chapter 2: The History of Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of the chain of command in Max Weber's bureaucracy?
A) People in lower positions are protected by a grievance procedure.
B) Organizational owners have the right to hire and fire employees.
C) Organizational owners decide on who should be promoted.
D) Tasks and responsibilities are clearly defined and divided.
Answer: A
Q2) In the context of systems management, unlike open systems, closed systems:
A) interact with and depend on their environments for survival.
B) use synergy to communicate with their external environments.
C) can function without interacting with their environments.
D) can function as a whole without their elements being interrelated.
Answer: C
Q3) When workers deliberately slow their pace or restrict their work output, it is known as
A) soldiering
B) policing
C) whistle-blowing
D) accommodation
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Organizational Environments and Cultures
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Sample Questions
Q1) The country Bornizia recently experienced a drop in inflation. This change facilitated sales for many organizations and also increased employment. In the context of the general environment, this scenario best illustrates the effect of the _____ on organizations.
A) technological changes in the country
B) political condition of the country
C) economy of the country
D) sociocultural aspect of the country
Answer: C
Q2) A court ruling against the wrongful dismissal of employees is a development in the _____ component of the general environment.
A) technological
B) sociocultural
C) economic/demographic
D) political/legal
Answer: D
Q3) Technology is a part of the specific environment of an organization.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 4: Ethics and Social Responsibility
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an argument put forth by economist Milton Friedman?
A) A law represents the minimal moral standards of society, so an individual should never take any action that violates the law.
B) It is unethical for companies to take any action that is not in an organization's long-term self-interest.
C) It is socially irresponsible for companies to divert time, money, and attention from maximizing profits to social causes and charitable organizations.
D) An individual's ethical decision is based on his or her level of moral development.
Q2) Which of the following statements best explains the carrot-and-stick approach of the U.S. Sentencing Commission Guidelines for Organizations?
A) Nonprofit organizations are exempted from fines.
B) Unincorporated organizations and associations are exempted from penalties.
C) Organizations accused of unethical behavior are excused if the management was unaware of such behavior.
D) Smaller fines are imposed on companies that take proactive steps to encourage ethical behavior.
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Chapter 5: Planning and Decision Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research indicates that the effectiveness of goal setting can be doubled by the addition of feedback.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Henncom, a company that manufactures computer spare parts, runs its operations in a small office. Owing to the increase in the demand for its products, the company needs to hire more employees. Instead of opting for the temporary solution of reducing each employee's workspace to accommodate more employees, Carl, the operations manager, decides to go with the optimal solution of shifting the company to larger premises. In this scenario, Carl is most likely _____.
A) maximizing
B) counterconditioning
C) overregularizing
D) satisficing
Q3) In an organization, _____ are responsible for the creation of tactical plans.
A) chief financial officers
B) first-level managers
C) middle managers
D) top managers
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Organizational Strategy
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of adaptive strategies, which of the following is true of defenders?
A) They aggressively hold their current strategic position by doing the best job they can to hold on to customers in a particular market segment.
B) They seek fast growth by searching for new market opportunities, encouraging risk taking, and being the first to bring innovative new products to market.
C) They try to simultaneously minimize risk and maximize profits by following or imitating the proven successes of prospectors.
D) They do not follow a consistent strategy and tend to react to changes in their external environment after they occur.
Q2) Growth, stability, and retrenchment are all types of portfolio strategies that companies use to decide which businesses they should be in.
A)True
B)False
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8
Chapter 7: Innovation and Change
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of organizational development, the purpose of small-group interventions is to:
A) assess how a group functions and help it work more effectively to accomplish its goals.
B) increase interpersonal effectiveness by helping people to become aware of their attitudes.
C) change the character and performance of an organization, business unit, or department.
D) help people acquire new skills and knowledge.
Q2) _____ are workplace cultures in which workers perceive that new ideas are welcomed, valued, and encouraged.
A) Creative work environments
B) Design iterations
C) Workflow automations
D) Core change coalitions
Q3) In terms of change tools and techniques, the General Electric fastworks approach is a special kind of results-driven change.
A)True
B)False
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Global Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) Crimson Corp., an electronics manufacturer in Mallowdeer, plans to enter a foreign market. It wants to establish its new office in Ostview. Which of the following is a qualitative factor that Crimson Corp. should consider while choosing the new office location?
A) Company strategy
B) Tariff and nontariff barriers
C) Transportation costs
D) Exchange rates
Q2) The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a regional trade agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Unlike joint ventures, wholly owned affiliates are:
A) created by merging two or more companies.
B) disadvantageous because the parent company has no control over the quality of products.
C) fully owned by their parent company.
D) advantageous because the parent company has no liability for any losses incurred by the wholly owned affiliates.
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Designing Adaptive Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of organizational authority, which of the following best defines staff authority?
A) It is the right to command immediate subordinates in the chain of command.
B) It is the right to advise but not command others who are not subordinates in the chain of command.
C) It is an activity that contributes directly to creating or selling a company's products.
D) It is an activity that does not contribute directly to creating or selling a company's products but instead supports line activities.
Q2) In the context of intraorganizational processes, _____ are characterized by broadly defined jobs and responsibilities; loosely defined, frequently changing roles; and decentralized authority and horizontal communication based on task knowledge.
A) mechanistic organizations
B) organic organizations
C) specialized organizations
D) rigid organizations
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Chapter 10: Managing Teams
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Sample Questions
Q1) Carmine Inc. is a software firm that caters to the requirements of its clients. At Carmine, work teams have access to all vital and confidential data that is normally accessible only to managers. This helps motivate teams and keep them well informed. In this scenario, the employee-friendly workplace culture is most likely to increase _____.
A) employee job satisfaction
B) centralization of authority
C) organizational information security
D) grapevine communication
Q2) Patrick believes that it is his responsibility to speak on behalf of his team during meetings. However, Patrick's team members have not elected him to be the leader or spokesperson, and they feel that Patrick is hindering them from expressing their opinions. This work team is most likely experiencing _____.
A) minority domination
B) groupthink
C) synergy
D) structural accommodation
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Chapter 11: Managing Human Resource Systems
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133 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Tamara applied for the position of a fashion photographer at a monthly magazine, she had to go through an interview test that assessed her photography skills and her capability to operate effectively under pressure. Given this information, which of the following selection tests did Tamara most likely undergo?
A) A specific ability test
B) A cognitive ability test
C) A personality test
D) A work sample test
Q2) The job application of Annette for the post of a trainer in a tennis club was rejected only because she was a female. In the context of employment discrimination, this scenario best illustrates _____.
A) adverse impact
B) disparate treatment
C) affirmative action
D) minority domination
Q3) In the context of job performance, customer complaints are an objective performance measure.
A)True
B)False
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Managing Individuals and a Diverse Workforce
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Sample Questions
Q1) Emma is a marketing manager at a multinational corporation. She gets anxious when her job gets stressful, and she tends to get annoyed with her subordinates for the smallest of reasons. In the context of personalities, Emma can be described as being
A) an introvert
B) emotionally handicapped
C) an extravert
D) emotionally unstable
Q2) In the context of surface-level diversity, _____ occurs when people are treated differently because of their gender.
A) racial discrimination
B) sex discrimination
C) ethnic discrimination
D) genetic discrimination
Q3) Surface-level diversity consists of differences such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, and physical disabilities that are observable, typically unchangeable, and easy to measure.
A)True
B)False
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Motivation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Janet, a senior accountant at a manufacturing company, wanted to get her maternity leave extended by two weeks. Her supervisor rejected her leave application but gave her an option to take three weeks off in the next calendar year. Janet, however, rejected the offer and decided to quit her job. In the context of expectancy theory of motivation, this scenario best illustrates the factor of _____.
A) instrumentality
B) reinforcement
C) valence
D) affiliation
Q2) Citrus Inc., a leading Internet service provider, provides its top managers with a bonus every year. However, this year the company performed poorly and its average stock price dropped below the industry standards. The company decided not to reward the managers this time around. This scenario typically illustrates the reinforcement contingency of _____.
A) extinction
B) punishment
C) negative reinforcement
D) positive reinforcement
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Leadership
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Sample Questions
Q1) Rodney is a manager at Span Content. He makes unrealistic promises to the clients. Instead of being concerned about how his employees are going to manage their time to meet deadlines, he reprimands them for low productivity. He is only concerned about the delivery of products on time. In the context of the Blake/Mouton leadership grid, which of the following leadership styles is Rodney using in this scenario?
A) The middle-of-the-road style
B) The country club style
C) The authority-compliance style
D) The impoverished style
Q2) Which of the following is true of transformational leaders?
A) They make sure that employees do not have to make any sacrifices for their organization.
B) They are able to make their followers feel that they are a vital part of their organization.
C) They do what is best for themselves instead of for their organizations.
D) They reward followers for good performance and punish them for poor performance.
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16
Chapter 15: Managing Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the context of formal communication channels, _____ is used to give those at lower levels the chance to share their concerns with higher-level authorities.
A) Upward communication
B) Incongruent communication
C) Horizontal communication
D) Downward communication
Q2) Which of the following statements is true of listening?
A) It is the process of perceiving sounds.
B) It is making a conscious effort to hear.
C) It is an involuntary physiological process.
D) It is the same as hearing.
Q3) When the managing director of a multinational company explained to his subordinates why the company had to reduce their incentives the previous month, he was engaging in _____.
A) downward communication
B) upward communication
C) horizontal communication
D) informal communication
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17
Chapter 16: Control
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Sample Questions
Q1) Economic value added (EVA) does not specify what should or should not be done to improve performance.
A)True B)False
Q2) Self-control is a control system in which everyone gets to do whatever he or she wants.
A)True B)False
Q3) Lia runs a day care center. She is very particular about the kind of attention her staff lends to the children who come to the day care center. She hires employees who love children and are capable of taking care of them with utmost patience. Her employees are attentive, proactive, and sensitive to the needs of the children. This scenario illustrates that Lia uses _____.
A) concertive control
B) objective control
C) bureaucratic control
D) normative control
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Chapter 17: Managing Information
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is true of intranets?
A) Companies typically use intranets to replace paper forms with online forms.
B) They are evolving to include standardized email accounts.
C) Companies typically use intranets to exchange information and conduct transactions.
D) They are a hybrid of corporate portals and executive information systems.
Q2) Rectang Corp., an e-commerce firm, recently adopted a new supply chain management system. By virtue of the new system, the company is able to deliver products to customers in a shorter period of time than other e-commerce companies. The supply chain management system may become outdated in the near future; however, it has presently led Rectang Corp. to becoming the industry leader. In the given scenario, Rectang Corp. has achieved _____.
A) first-mover advantage
B) competitive inertia
C) quality assurance
D) vertical integration
Q3) Data mining is the process of discovering patterns and relationships in large amounts of data.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Managing Service and Manufacturing Operations
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Q1) The Cabin Retreat is a chain of hotels where part of its employees' monthly bonus depends on customer satisfaction. Ninety percent of the incentive is based on performance and the remaining ten percent is based on customer satisfaction ratings and the quality of service. In this case, The Cabin Retreat is committed to _____.
A) implementing a just-in-time program
B) line-flow production
C) total quality management
D) internal service quality
Q2) Which of the following characteristics of quality products is defined in terms of the average time between breakdowns?
A) Serviceability
B) Durability
C) Reliability
D) Tenacity
Q3) Ordering cost refers to the costs of downtime and lost efficiency that occur when a machine is changed or adjusted to produce a different kind of inventory.
A)True
B)False
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