Nutrition and Health Midterm Exam
Course Introduction
Nutrition and Health explores the fundamental relationship between dietary habits, nutrients, and overall well-being. The course examines the biological roles of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals in the human body, as well as their impact on growth, metabolism, and disease prevention. Students will analyze current research on nutritional guidelines, dietary assessment, and the role of nutrition in the prevention and management of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders. The course also includes discussions on global nutrition challenges, food safety, and the influence of socio-economic, cultural, and behavioral factors on dietary choices, equipping students with practical knowledge for promoting healthful living.
Recommended Textbook
Human Nutrition Science for Healthy Living 1st Edition by Tammy Stephenson
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20 Chapters
1102 Verified Questions
1102 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) Eating diets that contain high amounts of certain kinds of fat raise the risk of developing heart disease.Thus,a diet that supplies an excessive amount of such fats is a ____ for heart disease.
A)risk factor
B)dietary modulator
C)nutritional determinant
D)hypothetical variable
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following is NOT true about water?
A)Water is the most essential nutrient.
B)Water plays a role in regulation of body temperature.
C)Water is necessary for elimination of waste from the body.
D)Water is necessary for immune function.
Answer: D
Q3) Why is it important to study nutrition?
A)To obtain enough energy to sustain life
B)To select the appropriate mix of nutrients for proper body functioning
C)To reduce dependence on animal products
D)To avoid pesticides and hormones in the food supply
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Evaluating Nutrition Information
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Sample Questions
Q1) Scientists in a Central American country are studying factors that may be associated with delayed physical growth among a group of low-income children.The children live in a region of the nation that has high levels of lead in drinking water.This study is an example of a(an)____ study.
A)conventional
B)uncontrollable
C)epidemiological
D)introspective
Answer: C
Q2) Pellagra is an infectious disease.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Having a control group enables researchers to ______.
A)avoid using harmful interventions when testing control subjects' responses
B)provide specific treatments to participants of the group
C)explore possible hypotheses for future research efforts
D)compare findings of the control group with those of the experimental group
Answer: D
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Basis of a Healthy Diet
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kristan uses %DVs to help plan nutritious menus with various packaged foods.She should try to obtain at least 100% of the Daily Value for which of the following nutrients?
A)Added sugars
B)Sodium
C)Vitamin C
D)Fat
Answer: C
Q2) A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who are healthy but need to avoid solid food for awhile.Based on this information,she is likely to refer to _____ when developing the new formula.
A)MyPlate
B)Dietary Guidelines (2015-2020 version)
C)DRIs
D)Exchange lists
Answer: C
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5
Chapter 4: Human Digestion, Absorption, and Transport
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the epiglottis is not fully closed,food enters the trachea,blocking the windpipe which may cause the person to lose consciousness and die.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Marcus has an infection that causes a temporary loss of villi.Based on this information,you would expect Marcus to _____ while he has this illness.rev:
08_12_2013_QC_ 33721
A)lose weight rapidly
B)digest proteins more efficiently
C)absorb vitamins more rapidly
D)develop gallstones
Q3) Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach?
A)Mucus
B)Intrinsic factor
C)Gastric juice
D)Bile
Q4) Ingestion of antibiotic often leads to microflora imbalance in the digestive tract.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fiber
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Sample Questions
Q1) This morning,Margie's fasting blood glucose level indicated that she has hyperglycemia and pre-diabetes.Based on this information,her fasting blood glucose level was _____ mg/dl.
A)158
B)120
C)67
D)95
Q2) Joshua has type 2 diabetes,and he does not control his blood glucose levels.As a result of his lack of control,which of the following conditions is he most likely to develop?
A)Irritable bowel syndrome
B)Cystic fibrosis
C)Blindness
D)Lactose intolerance
Q3) Which of the following substances is a complex carbohydrate?
A)High-fructose corn syrup
B)Lactose
C)Glucose
D)Soluble fiber
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Chapter 6: The Lipids: Triglycerides, phospholipids, and Sterols
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following foods is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids?
A)Leaf lettuce
B)Flaxseeds
C)Fat-free milk
D)Apples
Q2) Maggie was a subject in a clinical study that was designed to determine the effects of certain diets on health.While participating in the study,she was given a synthetic formula diet that provided vitamins,minerals,egg protein,purified water,and potato starch.Within a few weeks,Maggie's hair began to fall out and she developed patches of scaly skin on her arms and legs.Which of the following substances should be added to her formula to treat her nutritional deficiency?
A)Essential fatty acids
B)Cholesterol esters
C)Bile salts
D)Glucose polymers
Q3) The liver uses cholesterol to make _____.
A)bile
B)vitamin A
C)water
D)fatty acids
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Proteins: Amino Acids
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Sample Questions
Q1) Although Jerome and Joseph are the same age,weight and height;Jerome requires more vitamin C than Joseph.This is an example of _____________.
A)nutrigenetics
B)nutrifanatics
C)nutrigenomics
D)nutripronomics
Q2) The typical vegetarian diet supplies high amounts of _____________.
A)saturated fat
B)cholesterol
C)vitamin B-12
D)vitamin C
Q3) Fred is a lactovegetarian.Which of the following foods does he eat?
A)Chicken
B)Cheese
C)Eggs
D)Fish
Q4) Tertiary structure is a protein's final three-dimensional form.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Metabolism
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a person consumes more protein than needed,the excess amino acids can be converted into glucose or fat.
A)True
B)False
Q2) An alcohol detoxification rate is dependent on personal characteristics such as
____body size and composition
____age
____genetic background
____sex
Q3) What is the net gain of ATP molecules produced during glycolysis?
A)4
B)32
C)2
D)30
Q4) Check any accurate statements from the list below.
____ATP is a high-energy phosphate compound.
_____Enzymes are changed during the chemical reactions they catalyze.
____ATP can be broken down to ADP to release energy for cells to use.
____ATP can be formed from ADP through phosphorylation.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Vitamin Overview and Fat-Soluble Vitamins
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Sample Questions
Q1) Long-term vitamin E deficiency can result in nerve damage and blindness.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Water-soluble forms of vitamin E are often recommended for cystic fibrosis patients.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Taking high doses of vitamin E supplements can impair blood clotting.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Consuming high amounts of vitamins E and K in foods has not been associated with any negative effect on health.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Cystic fibrosis is an inherited respiratory disease that interferes with absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.
A)True
B)False
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11
Chapter 10: Water-Soluble Vitamins
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following food items is rich in biotin?
A)Chicken liver
B)Strawberries
C)Almonds
D)Cooked eggs
Q2) Becky's 2-year-old son can't walk because he was born with spina bifida.To reduce the chances that her next baby is born with this birth defect or related disorders,Becky should _____.
A)consume green leafy vegetables,drink orange juice,and take a folic acid supplement before getting pregnant
B)take pantothenic acid,B-6,and B-12 supplements before getting pregnant
C)take iron,zinc,and magnesium supplements during the first month of pregnancy,then eat more whole-grain breads and cereals for the remaining months of the pregnancy
D)eat at least 3 ounces of fatty fish three times a week,take vitamin A and D supplements,and drink more fat-free milk during the first three months of pregnancy
Q3) Glossitis and cheilosis can be signs of ariboflavinosis.
A)True
B)False
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Water and Major Minerals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone act to increase urinary _________.
A)iron metabolism
B)water excretion
C)water conservation
D)sodium elimination
Q2) Dehydration can cause _________.
A)cirrhosis
B)death
C)hypoglycemia
D)diabetes
Q3) Which of the following groups of Americans has the highest risk of hypertension?
A)Non-Hispanic white Americans
B)Asian Americans
C)Native Americans
D)African Americans
Q4) Magnesium is a critical component of hemoglobin,the green pigment in plants.
A)True
B)False
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Trace Minerals
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following minerals is associated with a reduced risk of dental caries?
A)Arsenic
B)Fluoride
C)Selenium
D)Iodine
Q2) Angela is a 20-year-old college student.In addition to having a history of dental decay,she seems to break bones easily.Based on this information,Angela may need to increase her intake of _____.
A)fluoride
B)copper
C)iodine
D)vanadium
Q3) Cuproenzymes are group of enzymes that contain _____.
A)calcium
B)zinc
C)copper
D)iron
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Obesity, energy Balance, and Weight Management
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the "set point theory," a person's _________.
A)body fat level is genetically determined and difficult to alter
B)body weight is influenced primarily by environmental factors
C)saturated fat intake strongly influences the rate at which he or she loses weight
D)metabolic rate remains the same,regardless of environmental or physical factors
Q2) Being underweight reduces a person's risk of illness and infection.
A)True
B)False
Q3) A person who is 5-feet,6-inches tall and weighs 260 pounds has a body mass index of ____________.
A)5.9
B)42
C)26
D)35
Q4) Heart rate monitors can be used to estimate TEE because a linear relationship exists between heart rate and oxygen consumption.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating
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Sample Questions
Q1) People with bulimia nervosa are more likely to have which of the following? (Check all that apply. )
Q2) ________ refers to a condition in which people with type 1 diabetes manipulate their body weight by skipping insulin injections or using less insulin than prescribed.
A)Diabulimia
B)Orthorexia
C)Muscle dysmorphia
D)Bulimia
Q3) Jana's BMI is 25.5.She skips breakfast and usually eats a salad for lunch.While she is with friends,she eats large amounts of cookies,pastries,and ice cream.After eating such foods,she excuses herself to go to the bathroom.Her friends are amazed that she doesn't gain weight.Based on this information,Jana may have _____.
A)a "lazy" spleen
B)bulimia nervosa
C)systemic lipodystrophy
D)a hypoactive thyroid gland
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16
Chapter 15: Nutrition for Fitness and Sport
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Sample Questions
Q1) Iron deficiency is more common in young female athletes than in young male athletes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) People who exercise regularly can reduce their risk of _________.
A)cystic fibrosis
B)megaloblastic anemia
C)type 1 diabetes
D)hypertension
Q3) Marcus is a healthy 55-year-old man.According to recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,he should perform _____ minutes of moderately-intense physical activity each week.
A)100
B)150
C)200
D)75
Q4) Low blood levels of vitamin D may lead to reduced reaction time,poor balance,and an increased risk of falling.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Pregnancy and Lactation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Angie is due to give birth to a boy in June.Before she became pregnant,Angie weighed 215 pounds,which was in the obese BMI range.She should gain no more than ______ pounds during her pregnancy.
A)20
B)15
C)5
D)10
Q2) Maternal anemia occurs when a pregnant woman has a hematocrit _____.
A)below 45%
B)below 33%
C)below 50%
D)below 60%
Q3) Gabrielle is due to give birth to a boy in March.Before she became pregnant,Gabrielle weighed 140 pounds,which was in the healthy BMI range for her height.Based on this information,her physician will recommend that she gain ______ pounds during her pregnancy.
A)15 to 25
B)10 to 20
C)35 to 45
D)25 to 35
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Chapter 17: Infants, Children, and Adolescents
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Sample Questions
Q1) Shakena is a 7-year-old girl whose BMI-for-age is in the 86th percentile.According to this information,Shakena's weight is ____________.
A)too low for her age
B)healthy for her age
C)in the obese range
D)classified as overweight
Q2) In an effort to prevent childhood obesity,the Institute of Medicine recommends that children's exposure to TV and forms of digital media should be limited to 2 hours per week.
A)True B)False
Q3) Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ____________.
A)lose the let-down reflex
B)develop the swallowing reflux
C)can sit up with some back support
D)have most of their primary teeth
Q4) From ages 1 to 2 years,a healthy child gains about 12 pounds.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 18: Nutrition for Older Adults
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Sample Questions
Q1) Most older adults can tolerate taking several prescribed and over-the-counter medications without experiencing negative health effects.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Reduced _____ is a normal physiological change associated with aging.
A)heartburn
B)vulnerability to infections
C)saliva production
D)bruising
Q3) Which of the following vitamins is often lacking in the diets of older adults,especially elderly women?
A)D
B)Thiamin
C)Niacin
D)Pantothenic acid
Q4) ________ is a condition in which urine leaks out of the bladder.
A)Urinary incontinence
B)Dehydration
C)Sarcopenia
D)Pellagra
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Chapter 19: Food and Water Safety
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Sample Questions
Q1) The toxin produced by _____ can cause blurry vision,muscle weakness,difficulty swallowing,and even death.
A)Giardia
B)Salmonella species
C)Trichinella
D)Clostridium botulinum
Q2) _____ often transmit pathogens to food.
A)Spiders
B)Cockroaches
C)Snakes
D)Birds
Q3) Before you prepare food or after you use the bathroom,wash your hands with hot soapy water for at least ____ seconds to cleanse them thoroughly.
A)20
B)90
C)40
D)60
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Chapter 20: Global Nutrition
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Sample Questions
Q1) __________ are nonprofit organizations that act as distribution centers for surplus food.
A)Congregate meals
B)Meals on Wheels
C)Food banks
D)Soup kitchens
Q2) Undernutrition is more prevalent __________.(Check all that apply. ) ----among older adults -----in developing countries ----among children under the age of 5 in certain countries ----in European countries than Southern Asian countries
Q3) Factors contributing to food insecurity include _____.(Check all that apply. )
____low-paying jobs
____excessive medical expenses
_____low-cost housing
____unemployment
Q4) The United States government provides food assistance programs to any family regardless of their size or income.
A)True
B)False
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