Medical Physics
Test Bank
Course Introduction
Medical Physics is a multidisciplinary field that applies the concepts and methods of physics to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of human diseases. This course explores topics such as radiation physics, medical imaging techniques (including X-ray, MRI, and ultrasound), radiation therapy, and the safe use and management of medical radiation. It also covers the principles of dosimetry, biological effects of ionizing radiation, and the regulatory and ethical considerations in clinical practice. Emphasis is placed on the role of medical physicists in healthcare teams and their contribution to improving patient outcomes through technology and innovation.
Recommended Textbook
Computed Tomography Physical Principles Clinical Applications and Quality Control 3rd Edition
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
20 Chapters
797 Verified Questions
797 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2390 Page 2
Chapter 1: Computed Tomography: An Overview
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47479
Sample Questions
Q1) The radiation source is outside the patient in all of the following except:
A)emission computed tomography
B)transmission computed tomography
C)ultrasonography
D)magnetic resonance imaging
Answer: A
Q2) The radiation used by Hounsfield in his original experiments was
A)gamma rays
B)x rays
C)beta particles
D)electrons
Answer: A
Q3) Which company pioneered the development of the first clinically useful computed tomography scanner?
A)General Electric
B)Siemens
C)Elscint
D)EMI
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: Introduction to Computers
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47480
Sample Questions
Q1) Magnetic tape
A)Mimicking human intelligence
B)Secondary storage
C)Destructive program
D)Modem
E)UNIX
F)Output hardware
G)CD-ROM
Answer: B
Q2) Megabyte
A)Digital integrated circuit
B)A string of 8 bits
C)2 bytes
D)1,000,000 bytes
E)Internal memory
F)1000 bytes
G)Bit
H)Optical disk
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Digital Image Processing
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
48 Verified Questions
48 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47481
Sample Questions
Q1) Digital image processing can be defined as "subjecting numerical representations of objects to a series of operations to obtain a desired result."
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Explain briefly what is meant by convolution.
Answer: Convolution is a digital image processing technique. It is an algorithm that filters an image in the spatial domain. The algorithm uses a kernel (matrix of pixels) to calculate a new image, the output image. Specifically, the new value of a pixel in the output image is calculated by multiplying it by each of the pixels in the kernel and then summing their values. The convolution is done by moving the kernel across the entire input image, pixel by pixel, until all output image pixels are computed. This is a time-consuming process, so special hardware (such as array processors) can be used to speed up the process.
Convolution, a general-purpose algorithm, is a technique of filtering in the spatial domain.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter 4: Physical Principles of Computed Tomography
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47482
Sample Questions
Q1) The reduction of the intensity of a beam of x rays as it passes through the patient is:
A)the relative transmission value
B)attenuation
C)the natural logarithm
D)the linear attenuation coefficient
Q2) Conversion of the attenuation readings into a computed tomography image is accomplished by reconstruction algorithms.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How many pixels make up a computed tomography image whose matrix size is 512 * 512?
A)100,000
B)1024
C)262,144
D)512
Q4) The window width controls the image contrast and the window level controls the image brightness.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 6
Chapter 5: Data Acquisition Concepts
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47483
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following x-ray tubes is most likely used in spiral/helical computed tomography scanners?
A)a tungsten target fixed anode tube
B)a tungsten target rotating anode tube
C)a molybdenum target rotating anode tube
D)a rotating anode tube with a rhenium tungsten disk
Q2) Scintillation detectors convert x-ray photons to light and subsequently to electrical signals.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Streaking artifacts are the result of too many samples being measured by the detectors.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following is commonly used in gas ionization computed tomography detectors?
A)xenon
B)oxygen
C)neon
D)helium
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Image Reconstruction
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47484
Sample Questions
Q1) The first operation to which raw data is subjected is referred to as:
A)convolution
B)back projection
C)three-dimensional surface shading
D)interpolation
Q2) Algorithm
A)Set of rules for solving a problem
B)Mathematical technique of value estimation
C)Converts signals in the spatial domain to the frequency domain
D)Digital image processing
E)Linear superposition method
Q3) The algorithms for three-dimensional imaging are based on those used in computer graphics and visual perception science.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Fourier transform is a technique for estimating a function from known values on both sides of it.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 8
Chapter 7: Basic Instrumentation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47485
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following allows the technologist to alter picture contrast?
A)touch panel
B)floating keyboard alphanumerical keys
C)floppy disk drive
D)window controls
Q2) Quality control equipment is part of the equipment specifications for computed tomography.
A)True
B)False
Q3) All of the following are categories of computed tomography software except:
A)reconstruction software
B)detector software
C)preprocessing software
D)image postprocessing software
Q4) All of the following are purposes of the image display, recording, storage, and communication system except:
A)displays the output digital image
B)provides a hard copy
C)facilitates storage
D)enables scanning procedures
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Image Postprocessing and Visualization Tools
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
35 Verified Questions
35 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47486
Sample Questions
Q1) Windowing is an example of a linear image manipulation technique.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Image smoothing is an example of a linear image manipulation technique.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Multiplanar reconstruction creates three-dimensional images from the transaxial data set.
A)True
B)False
Q4) One major disadvantage of multiplanar reconstruction is that images are not as good as those obtained in transaxial images.
A)True
B)False
Q5) As the window width increases, picture contrast:
A)increases
B)decreases
C)remains unchanged
D)is optimized to show the specific anatomical structures
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Chapter 9: Image Quality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47487
Sample Questions
Q1) Because the computed tomography acquisition and reconstruction process is band limited, the reconstructed image of a bar pattern is a blurred version of the original object.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The averaging of all tissues in a voxel is:
A)beam-hardening averaging
B)reconstruction averaging
C)partial volume averaging
D)streaking averaging
Q3) Both voluntary and involuntary motion appears as ____________ that are usually tangential to the high-contrast edges of the moving part.
A)streaks
B)shading
C)bands
D)rings
Q4) As a result of volumetric computed tomography, the scatter-to-primary ratio decreases.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 10: Radiation Dose in Computed Tomography
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
49 Verified Questions
49 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47488
Sample Questions
Q1) Sievert
A)old unit of effective dose
B)conventional unit of exposure
C)old unit of absorbed dose
D)SI unit of effective dose
E)SI unit of absorbed dose
Q2) What instrument is used to measure the charge removed from the ionization chamber?
A)absorptometer
B)thermometer
C)electrometer
D)dosimeter
Q3) What is/are the unit(s) of exposure?
I. Roentgen (R)
II. Sievert (Sv)
III. coulomb per kilogram (C/kg)
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 11: Single-Slice Spiralhelical Computed
Tomography: Physical Principles and Instrumentation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47489
Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are requirements for volume scanning except:
A)continuous couch movement
B)increased cooling capacity
C)slip-ring technology
D)tube memory
Q2) The overall goal of single-slice spiral/helical volume computed tomography is to increase the volume coverage speed compared with that of the conventional computed tomography scanner.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Pitch affects both image quality and patient dose.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The ideal pitch in spiral/helical computed tomography is 2:1.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The x-ray tube and detectors are able to rotate continuously during data collection as a result of slip-ring technology.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 13
Chapter 12: Multislice Spiralhelical Computed Tomography:
Physical Principles and Instrumentation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47490
Sample Questions
Q1) Detector row collimation is equal to:
A)D (mm) + N
B)D (mm) - N
C)D (mm) *N
D)D (mm)/N
Q2) In 1992, the first modern multislice scanner was introduced by: A)Elscint
B)GE Healthcare Systems
C)Siemens Healthcare Systems
D)Toshiba Healthcare Systems
Q3) Which of the following are considered cone-beam algorithms?
I. approximate algorithms
II. exact algorithms
III. opposed algorithms
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Other Technical Applications of Computed
Tomography Imaging: Basic Principles
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47491
Sample Questions
Q1) Which visualization tool is the most frequently used in computed tomographic angiography examinations to display the structure of vessels?
A)interactive cine
B)maximum intensity projection
C)shaded surface display
D)volume rendering
Q2) Portable multislice computed tomography scanners can be transported to critically ill patients.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Three-dimensional imaging of vascular structures with an intravenous injection of contrast media is called computed tomography angiography.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The goal of radiation therapy is to kill tumor cells without harming surrounding healthy tissue.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15
Chapter 14: Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography: Basic Concepts
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47492
Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are tissue types used for voxel classification except:
A)bone
B)connective
C)fat
D)soft tissue
Q2) Limitations of maximum intensity projections include:
I. artifacts from pulsating vessels
II. inability to show superimposed structures
III. images are three-dimensionally ambiguous unless depth cues are provided
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
Q3) Slice imaging is the most complex of all three-dimensional imaging.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the role of the radiological technologist in three-dimensional computed tomography imaging.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 16
Chapter 15: Virtual Reality Imaging
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47493
Sample Questions
Q1) Volume rendering provides the best results because it:
I. adds lifelike reality to the images
II. minimizes partial volume-averaging artifacts
III. produces optimum visualization of the anatomy
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
Q2) The next step after data acquisition that is intended to optimize the images before they are subject to further processing and analysis is:
A)three-dimensional rendering
B)image display
C)image preprocessing
D)patient preparation
Q3) Studies have shown that virtual endoscopies would be more expensive than real endoscopies.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 16: Positron Emission Tomographycomputed
Tomography Scanners
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47494
Sample Questions
Q1) The use of contrast media in computed tomography can lead to artifacts in the reconstructed positron emission tomography data.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following can reduce noise in the final reconstructed positron emission tomography images?
I. use of image segmentation
II. use of a single photon rather than a positron-emitting source
III. use a special noise filter
A)I and II
B)II and III
C)I and III
D)I, II, and III
Q3) The most commonly used radiopharmaceutical for positron emission tomographic imaging is:
A)(<sup>15</sup>O carbon monoxide)
B)(<sup>13</sup>N ammonia)
C)(<sup>11</sup>C methionine)
D)(<sup>18</sup>F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG))
Page 18
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 17: Computed Tomography of the Head, Cerebral
Vessels, Neck, and Spine
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47495
Sample Questions
Q1) Because enhancement persists for hours, at least ___________ hours should elapse after a contrasted examination before an unenhanced scan is obtained.
A)3-5
B)4-6
C)5-7
D)6-8
Q2) All of the following are algorithms used for the brain, neck, and spine except:
A)bone
B)detail
C)lung
D)standard
Q3) In children, a steeply angled plane is used to scan the brain to avoid radiating the ocular lens.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A standard dose of contrast is administered for each type of examination on the basis of the patient's weight, up to a maximum.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 19
Chapter 18: Computed Tomography of the Body
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47496
Sample Questions
Q1) Computed tomography is the primary method for pelvic assessment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Computed tomographic imaging of the adrenal glands is easy and reliable, except when the patient is extremely _________.
A)dehydrated
B)obese
C)thin
D)young
Q3) Cardiac computed tomographic imaging has not proved successful in the evaluation of the coronary arteries.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Biphasic or triphasic examinations of the pancreas are helpful when searching for potential solid lesions.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
20
Chapter 19: Pediatric Computed Tomography
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47497
Sample Questions
Q1) Primary indications for computed tomographic imaging over magnetic resonance imaging in brain studies include all of the following except:
A)assessment of trauma in the acute phase
B)otitis
C)fractures
D)skull lesions
Q2) The parents are usually an important ally of the technologist and should be included whenever possible.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Advantages of multidetector computed tomography include all of the following except:
A)better patient tolerance
B)better use of contrast media
C)improved contrast resolution
D)reduced motion artifacts
Q4) Oral contrast does not need to be used in pediatric abdominal and pelvic scans.
A)True
B)False
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 21
Chapter 20: Quality Control for Computed Tomography
Scanners
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/47498
Sample Questions
Q1) Record keeping is not an important consideration in a quality control program.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Quality control tests can be performed by all of the following except:
A)technologists
B)medical physicists
C)quality control technicians
D)department aides
Q3) All quality control tests should be conducted on a monthly basis.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In quality control, steps are taken to correct problems.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Quality control tests, test results, and interpretation of test results should be:
A)recorded in a quality control logbook
B)recorded on pieces of paper
C)recorded on the bulletin board beside the computed tomography scanner
D)recorded in the positioning notebook of the technologist
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 22