Management and Organizational Theory
Textbook Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course offers a comprehensive exploration of management principles and organizational theory, examining how organizations function, adapt, and succeed in dynamic environments. Students will learn about classical, behavioral, and contemporary management theories, leadership styles, motivation, decision-making processes, and organizational structure and culture. By integrating theoretical foundations with practical applications, the course equips students with analytical tools to address real-world management challenges and enhance organizational effectiveness in diverse settings.
Recommended Textbook Management 11th Edition by Ricky W. Griffin
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Chapter 1: Managing and the Managers Job
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Q1) Choosing a course of action from alternatives is ____________________. Answer: decision making
Q2) Top managers make up the relatively ____________________ group of executives who manage the overall organization. Answer: small
Q3) An example of a physical resource is the drilling platform used by an oil company. A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Managerial work follows an orderly,systematic progression through the workweek. A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q5) ____________________ people entering the workforce often seek work in smaller,more entrepreneurial firms that allow flexibility and individuality. Answer: Younger
Q6) ____________________ refers to differences among people. Answer: Diversity
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Chapter 2: Traditional and Contemporary Issues and Challenges
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Q1) Multiplex Cinemas is a theater with 14 viewing rooms.It employs 50 people.Using the systems theory,it would be classified as
A)an entropic system.
B)a subsystem.
C)either a system or a subsystem depending on the frame of reference.
D)either an open or a closed system depending on the frame of reference.
E)a closed system.
Answer: C
Q2) All of the following were primary contributors to administrative management EXCEPT A)Max Weber.
B)Henri Fayol.
C)Lyndall Urwick.
D)Hugo Munsterberg.
E)Chester Barnard.
Answer: D
Q3) When AT&T uses time and motion studies to improve productivity,it is applying the principles of ____________________.
Answer: scientific management
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Chapter 3: The Environment and Culture of Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Greenpeace draws attention to environmental activity around the world.They are a(n)____________________ that has potential impact on organizations' operating policies and practices.
Answer: interest group
Q2) The specific organizations or groups that influence an organization are the ____________________ environment.
Answer: task
Q3) In Florida a vacationer could choose from over 200 time-share resorts.In Vermont the choice is limited to 15.A resort in Vermont has
A)the power of buyers.
B)the power of suppliers.
C)the threat of new entrants.
D)competitive rivalry.
E)the competitive advantage.
Answer: B
Q4) Michael,a human resource manager,is negotiating with the firm's union.He is dealing with an element of an organization's ____________________ environment.
Answer: internal
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Chapter 4: The Ethical and Social Environment
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Q1) A(n)____________________ occurs when a decision potentially benefits the individual to the possible detriment of the organization.
Q2) ____ justice refers to people's perceptions of the fairness with which rewards and other valued outcomes are distributed within the organization.
A)Organizational
B)Distributive
C)Procedural
D)Interpersonal
E)Informational
Q3) The Chronicle of Philanthropy reported that corporate giving in 2010 rose nearly 20% after declining 7.5% in 2009 during a recession.Do you see any flaw in arguing that organizations don't have the resources for social programs and therefore they should not get involved? Explain.
Q4) Business influence on government relies on all EXCEPT which of the following?
A)Lobbying
B)Social pressure
C)Cultural influence
D)Regulation
E)Personal contacts
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Chapter 5: The Global Environment
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Q1) Americans who want government run health care for everyone have a social orientation toward ____________________.
Q2) What are the goals of the WTO? Do you agree with them?
Q3) When a local manager is given autonomy and responsibility in dealing with job design,he or she has freedom in global
A)planning and decision making.
B)organizing.
C)leading.
D)controlling.
E)None of these choices
Q4) Licensing is the easiest way of entering a new market.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The international economic environment has three elements.What are they?
Q6) Supervising a group of five managers,each of whom is from a different state in the United States,is likely to be much ____________________ than supervising a group of five managers,each of whom is from a different culture.
Q7) A country's minerals,oil and forests are a part of the ____________________ environment.
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Chapter 6: The Multicultural Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jill,a helicopter pilot in the Army,went on a training flight with Marine pilots who had never flown with a woman before.The Marines were visibly uncomfortable.Jill explained to them that even in the Army most of her flights were with men,and those men did not treat her differently.Jill demonstrated ____ in order to put the men at ease.
A)a willingness to communicate
B)diversity training
C)cross-cultural training
D)organization culture modification
E)designing new organizational practices
Q2) A unique set of issues involving social culture can arises within the boundaries of an organization only when there is multiculturalism.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When an organization's composition reflects that of the external labor market,full structural integration has occurred.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Briefly describe what a multicultural organization will look like.
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Chapter 7: Basic Elements of Planning and Decision Making
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Q1) Goals,such as employee satisfaction and development,are easy to quantify.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Tactical planning focuses on resources,environment,and mission,whereas strategic planning focuses primarily on people and action.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Many organizations develop a professional planning staff with overall responsibility for the planning process.Which of the following is NOT a reason for using a planning staff?
A)The need to integrate and coordinate planning activities
B)The need to reduce coalition formation in the organization
C)The fact that managers often lack the required tools and skills to do a good job of planning
D)The fact that managers tend to focus only on what is good for their part of the organization
E)The need to reduce the workload of individual managers
Q4) Goals vary by level,area,and ____________________.
Q5) ____________________ and reaction plans are two types of short-range plans.
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Chapter 8: Managing Strategy and Strategic Planning
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________________ are methods that diversified organizations use to determine which businesses to engage in and how to manage these businesses to maximize corporate performance.
Q2) Target is a discount retailer with cleaner stores,more customer service,and more current fashions.Target uses a(n)____ strategy.
A)guerrilla
B)overall cost leadership
C)focus
D)emergent
E)defender
Q3) When Steve Jobs was CEO of Apple,his charisma,marketing skills,and technical vision helped create a(n)____ at Apple that made it the leader in mobile devices.
A)organizational weakness
B)strategic limitation
C)entropy
D)distinctive competence
E)organizational opportunity
Q4) The business-level strategy is more focused than the ____________________ strategy.
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Chapter 9: Managing Decision Making and Problem Solving
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Detroit Three auto makers and United Auto Workers negotiated a labor deal with pay raises for entry level workers.This is an example of a(n)____ decision.
A)nonprogrammed
B)rational
C)ethical
D)programmed
E)satisficing
Q2) Which of the following statements is an advantage of group decision making?
A)Groups typically spend a lot of time interacting and discussing.
B)Groups often represent diversity of education and experience.
C)Leaders can shine in groups.
D)Groups tend to desire consensus and cohesiveness.
E)Groups typically reach compromise decisions.
Q3) When an employee comes to you with a feasibility evaluation of a decision alternative,he will give you information about how practical the alternative is for the organization.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Gut feeling is another name for ____________________.
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Chapter 10: Managing New Venture Formation and Entrepreneurship
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Sample Questions
Q1) New businesses need six to twelve months of capital before they launch.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Luck plays a role in the success of some firms.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The strong presence of small businesses in the United States is typical of the rest of the mature economies.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The SBA program that is designed to help small businesses that cannot afford consultants is called ____________________.
Q5) The purpose of the SBA's SBDC program is to consolidate information from various disciplines and institutions,including technical and professional schools.
A)True
B)False
Q6) When the business plan is finished,the entrepreneur must choose a structure.What does that mean?
Page 12
Q7) What is the nature of entrepreneurship?
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Chapter 11: Basic Elements of Organizing
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Q1) Which of the following is a common disadvantage inherent in product,customer,and location departmentalization?
A)Decision making is slowed.
B)Managers are unable to delegate as much.
C)It is difficult to pinpoint the cause of failures.
D)The organization tends to become more centralized.
E)Administrative costs tend to rise due to an increase in the size of staff.
Q2) A wide span of management produces
A)a flat organization.
B)multiple layers of management.
C)a parallel organization.
D)a horizontal organization.
E)a vertical organization.
Q3) The opposite of micromanaging is
A)decentralization.
B)span of management.
C)unity of command.
D)departmentalization.
E)delegation.
Q4) Describe the basic elements involved in establishing reporting relationships.
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Managing Organization Design
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Q1) According to the work of Lawrence and Lorsch,in organization design
A)the more unstable the environment, the less the firm should differentiate.
B)the more differentiated a firm, the greater the requirement for integration.
C)each unit of an organization faces its own peculiar environment.
D)organic designs are almost invariably more effective, regardless of the environment.
E)there is little relationship between the environment and the appropriate organization design.
Q2) Facebook creates social networks.It uses ____ technology.
A)large-batch
B)unit
C)continuous-process
D)transformation
E)small-batch
Q3) When Kellogg's makes cereal and cereal bars,it uses ____ technology.
A)continuous-process
B)unit
C)specialization
D)large-batch
E)niche
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Chapter 13: Managing Organization Change and Innovation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Annie is excited to move from New York to Texas.She has not been that happy in New York and sees Texas as a new start with great opportunities.She has used A)force-field analysis.
B)facilitation.
C)education and communication.
D)participation.
E)institutionalizing the change.
Q2) IBM has an internal program called Master Inventor that provides great recognition and reward to potential entrepreneurs from any level of the organization who propose a new product idea.The Master Inventor program supports A)sponsorship.
B)intrapreneurship.
C)venture capitalists.
D)only radical innovation.
E)participative innovation.
Q3) Change must be systematic and logical to have a realistic opportunity to succeed. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 14: Managing Human Resources in Organizations
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Sample Questions
Q1) When organizations rely on contingent workers,they need to be careful of all EXCEPT which of the following?
A)They manage the flexibility carefully.
B)They understand advantages and disadvantages of contingent workers.
C)They document the real cost of contingent workers.
D)They integrate contingent workers into their overall strategy.
E)They pay above-average wage-level.
Q2) Ed contracts with various engineering companies to work on specific jobs.When the jobs are concluded,he may begin work for another company or for the same company on a different job.Ed is an example of a contingent worker.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is a potential area of concern for managers when they use internal sources to fill a vacant position?
A)A drop in morale
B)An increase in turnover
C)The ripple effect
D)Complaints from the union
E)The loss of highly qualified employees
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Chapter 15: Basic Elements of Individual Behavior in Organizations
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Q1) Individuals form ____ for behavior by recognizing that the three types of patterns are consensus,consistency,and distinctiveness.
A)perceptions
B)attitudes
C)stereotypes
D)attributions
E)personalities
Q2) Ellie likes to make new friends.In terms of the "Big Five" personality traits,she has more
A)locus of control.
B)positive affectivity.
C)agreeableness.
D)self-efficacy.
E)extraversion.
Q3) Use the GAS process to describe a situation where you experienced stress.
Q4) People with the MBTI ____________________ like task identity.
Q5) Fully explain the attribution process and how it is related to perception.
Q7) Describe the four stages of the creative process. Page 17
Q6) How do workplace behaviors directly or indirectly impact organizational effectiveness?
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Chapter 16: Managing Employee Motivation and Performance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following reinforcement schedules offers a worker the MOST incentive to do good work?
A)Fixed-interval
B)Fixed-ratio
C)Variable-interval
D)Variable-ratio
E)All of these choices
Q2) Describe a change in one of your behaviors.Did any of the reinforcement contingencies affect your change?
Q3) If you want to increase the probability that a behavior will recur,which of the following types of reinforcement will get the desired results?
A)Positive reinforcement and extinction
B)Avoidance and extinction
C)Punishment and positive reinforcement
D)Avoidance and positive reinforcement
E)Punishment and extinction
Q4) Krishna works four,ten hour days.She works a(n)____________________.
Q5) Equity theory compares your ____________________ with someone else's ratio.
Q6) Define motivation.Why is it important? Page 19
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Chapter 17: Managing Leadership and Influence Processes
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Q1) If the leader must get job assignments approved by someone else and does not administer rewards and punishment,____________________ is weak.
Q2) Military leaders have no control over pay or bonuses.They rely on praise,public recognition,and evaluations for ____ power.
A)reward
B)coercive
C)expert
D)referent
E)legitimate
Q3) When Pamela Forbes Lieberman took over TruServ,it was on the verge of bankruptcy,with spiraling debt,a top-heavy hierarchy,and outdated management.Now debt and inventory are down,as is payroll expense,and TruServ met SEC filing requirements.Which of the following BEST describes Forbes Lieberman in this role?
A)Directive leader
B)Participative leader
C)Transformational leader
D)Supportive leader
E)Task-oriented leader
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Chapter 18: Managing Interpersonal Relations and Communication
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Sample Questions
Q1) Give-and-take communication with active feedback is likely to be more effective than one-way communication.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Effective communication is determined by
A)the sender.
B)the receiver.
C)mutual understanding.
D)how the decoding process occurs.
E)how the encoding process occurs.
Q3) The first step in the communication process is A)meaning.
B)encoding.
C)decoding.
D)transmission.
E)channel creation.
Q4) The Y pattern is slightly less centralized than the
communication networks.
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Q5) Each of the ten basic managerial roles would be impossible to fill without ____________________.
Chapter 19: Managing Work Groups and Teams
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Q1) Implementing teams is essentially the same as implementing A)a functional group.
B)a task force.
C)a major organizational change.
D)an interest group.
E)group norms.
Q2) A principal implemented an honor code on cheating,but said nothing about the rampant stealing going on at his high school.The students are experiencing
A)intrarole conflict.
B)storming.
C)role unreliability.
D)intrasender conflict.
E)interrole conflict.
Q3) Conflict that arises between one organization and another is called ____________________.
Q4) Informal groups in organizations are not very powerful so managers can ignore them.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 20: Basic Elements of Control
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Q1) Multiple standards and information systems provide checks and balances in control and allow the organization to verify the ____________________ of performance indicators.
Q2) Would you rather work in a company with bureaucratic or decentralized control? Why?
Q3) ____ control is a form of organizational control characterized by formal and mechanistic structural arrangements.
A)Decentralized
B)Divisional
C)Chain of command
D)Bureaucratic
E)Administrative
Q4) ____________________ are intended to serve as frameworks,but managers sometimes fail to recognize that changing circumstances may warrant adjustments.
Q5) A target against which subsequent performance will be compared is a(n)____________________.
Q6) The last step in the control process is to change the standard.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 21: Managing Operations, Quality, and Productivity
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Q1) Which of the following factors is NOT a consideration when determining the capacity utilization required in an operations system?
A)Technology
B)Demand
C)Variation in demand
D)Required flexibility
E)Conversion capacity
Q2) When General Mills looked for ideas on how to reduce the time it took to convert its production lines from one cereal to another,it sent a team to observe the pit crews at the Indianapolis 500.As a result of using ____,General Mills cut its plant changeover time by more than 50 percent.
A)benchmarking
B)conformance sampling
C)acceptance sampling
D)in-process sampling
E)outsourcing
Q3) ____________________ creates form utility.
Q4) ____________________ is at the core of what organizations do as they add value and create products and services.
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Chapter 22: Managing Information and Information Technology
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Q1) Information systems can lead to employees' feeling ____________________ as they gain more access to information from computers and are able to work in more remote locations.
Q2) The DSS uses a wide range of both internal information and external sources,such as industry reports,global economic forecasts,and reports on competitors' capabilities.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Hard drives and flash drives are common forms of A)input devices.
B)output devices.
C)storage devices.
D)artificial intelligence.
E)expert systems.
Q4) Realtors typically keep their own homes on the market longer and get a higher price than when they are selling someone else's home.Is that data or information? Why?
Q5) URL stands for universal response location. A)True
B)False
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