Juvenile Delinquency Review Questions
Course Introduction
Juvenile Delinquency explores the nature, causes, and consequences of delinquent behavior among youths. This course covers theories of delinquency, the role of family, peers, schools, and communities, as well as the influence of social, economic, and cultural factors. Students will examine patterns and trends in juvenile offending, the juvenile justice system, prevention and intervention strategies, and policies aimed at reducing delinquency. Emphasis is placed on understanding how legal and societal responses shape outcomes for young offenders and addressing contemporary issues such as gang involvement, substance abuse, and the impact of media.
Recommended Textbook
Criminology Today An Integrative Introduction 6th Edition by Frank J. Schmalleger
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14 Chapters
797 Verified Questions
797 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Criminology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which one of the following is not considered part of the definitional perspectives in contemporary criminology?
A)political
B)sociological
C)mathematical
D)legalistic
Answer: C
Q2) Laws are social products.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) This book sees crime as a __________ event.
A)individual
B)social
C)political
D)justifiable
Answer: B
Q4) A ________ studies crime,criminals,and criminal behavior. Answer: criminologist
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Chapter 2: Where Do Theories Come From
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Sample Questions
Q1) Name the three eras of criminology and discuss how they have influenced the current field of criminology today.
Answer: Answers should define the three eras of criminology based on the textbook: the golden age of research (1900-1930),the golden age of theory (1930-1960),and the age of theory testing and empirical methods (1960-2000).Criminology has moved into the scientific or evidence-based criminology that we see today,building off of the previous ears.
Q2) Which of the following is an example of a dilemma facing criminologists hoping to use statistical evidence to influence social policy?
A)common laws
B)three-strikes laws
C)deviant behavior
D)participant observation
Answer: B
Q3) Participating as an observer is always an example of ethical research.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Classical and Neoclassical Thought
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Q1) Natural law is a notion developed by Rousseau that helps explain how laws are ___________ products influenced by the context of history and experience.
Answer: social
Q2) A person held at gunpoint forced to shoot another person is in a situation that can be described as A)hard determinism.
B)free will.
C)positivism.
D)hedonism.
Answer: A
Q3) Deterrence is a hallmark of the A)Neoclassic School.
B)Classic School.
C)Enlightenment Era.
D)Free Will Era.
Answer: A
Q4) __________ was a major theorist during the Enlightenment Era who developed the idea of natural rights.
Answer: Thomas Paine
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Chapter 4: Biological Roots in Criminal Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the first ideas to make use of chromosomes in crime causation can be seen with the A)supermale. B)deviant.
C)territoriality.
D)Twinkie defense.
Q2) Claims that physical abnormalities may be linked to crime exist today. A)True
B)False
Q3) What are some of the major findings of the study of genetics in criminology? What does this suggest about human behavior in relation to social and physical environments?
Q4) _________ established the sociobiological theory in criminology.
Q5) Sociobiologists often focus on explaining why violence and aggression are associated with A)territoriality.
B)self control.
C)sex drive
D)economic conditions.
Q6) Explain Moffitt's two-path biosocial theory with examples.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Psychology and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behavior
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Q1) An individual who has a personality disorder is called ________.
A)deviant
B)a sociopath
C)a superego
D)paranoid
Q2) The moral guide to the personality is the ________.
A)superego
B)ego
C)id
D)Thanatos
Q3) Repeatedly getting in trouble with the principal throughout school can be a sign of __________ behavior.
Q4) Psychological theory is derived from the ________ sciences.
A)criminal
B)social
C)investigative
D)behavioral
Q5) What are the two main concepts developed in early psychological theories? How do these apply to criminology today?
Q6) Criminal psychology is also known as ______ psychology. Page 7
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Page 8
Chapter 6: Social Structure Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is not a social structure theory?
A)strain theory
B)social disorganization
C)human ecology
D)culture conflict
Q2) A violent subculture that participates in criminal activity would be explained by what theory?
A)culture conflict
B)strain theory
C)social disorganization
D)social change
Q3) Based on sociological theories,which of the following does not contribute to the causal nexus out of which crime develops?
A)individual behavior
B)group dynamics
C)subgroup relationships
D)group organization
Q4) What are the three main social structure theories? How do these help explain individual criminal behavior in relation to society?
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Chapter 7: Theories of Social Process and Social Development
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Q1) A person becomes delinquent because of an excess of definitions favorable to law violation over definitions unfavorable to law violation.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Juvenile Mentoring Program is a social policy implication of ________ theories.
Q3) Containment theory is a type of ______ theory.
Q4) Criminal and non-criminal behavior are an expression of needs and values.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Strengthening conformity is a policy implication of social process theories. A)True
B)False
Q6) Human agency refers to the fact that individuals have no control over their own life course.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Differential association values _______ association.
Q9) A ________ commits crimes throughout his or her life. Page 10
Q8) _______ perspective helps us look at criminal behavior throughout a lifetime.
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Chapter 8: Social Conflict Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _________________________ of social organization suggests that most of society agrees on right and wrong,and social organizations work together toward a unified vision of the greater good.
Q2) Radical criminology holds that the causes of crime are based on individuals' unwillingness to accept personal responsibility for their own pathologies.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Ian Ross and Stephen Richards are prominent theorists of which of the following social conflict theories?
A)convict criminology
B)feminist criminology
C)peacemaking criminology
D)radical criminology
Q4) Feminism refers to sexual orientation.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Convict criminologists believe that prisons do not effectively reduce crime.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Crimes Against Persons
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Sample Questions
Q1) Instrumentality refers to the fact that the type of weapon used in a particular encounter impacts whether the encounter ends in death.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following statements describes the typology of a typical serial killer?
A)white female in her 40s-50s who targets strangers far away from home and work
B)white male in his 20s-30s who targets strangers near his home or work
C)black female in her 30s-40s who targets acquaintances near her home or work
D)black male in his 30s-40s who targets acquaintances far away from home and work
Q3) Many serial killers are identified as having traits of which of the following personality types?
A)sociopaths
B)introverts
C)extroverts
D)feminists
Q4) Crimes of sexual abuse are more likely to be reported than other types of crime.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 10: Crimes Against Property
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Sample Questions
Q1) Motor vehicle theft causes more lost work time than the crime of burglary.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following burglaries are considered the most serious?
A)a daytime residential burglary
B)a nighttime residential burglary
C)an evening commercial burglary
D)a nighttime commercial burglary
Q3) All thieves who are persistent are considered professional thieves.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the name for an offense that is minor in nature,but leads to more serious offenses?
A)lead-in offense
B)purse snatching
C)gateway offense
D)larceny-theft
Q5) Thieves who commit crime skillfully and earn well from their crimes,but spend rather little time incarcerated are ________ thieves.
Q6) Because it is a crime of ______,larceny is seen as less serious than burglary.
Page 14
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Chapter 11: White-Collar and Organized Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) What were the two acts created by federal legislators in reaction to the Stock Market Crash of 1929,and what were they designed to do?
Q2) A chief financial officer of a corporation who commits fraud while acting on behalf of the corporation commits individual occupational fraud rather than corporate fraud.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Enron Corporation hid company losses through complex accounting practices.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act was the largest reform of American business practice since the Great Depression.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which two groups are often,thought of as synonymous with organized crime?
A)the American Mafia and La Cosa Nostra
B)Italian and Irish immigrants
C)La Mano Negro and the Omertà
D)crime bosses and lieutenants
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Chapter 12: Public Order and Drug Crimes
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Sample Questions
Q1) How do feminist perspectives address prostitution?
Q2) Inhalants are easily accessible because few are subject to _____control.
Q3) According to the U.S.Department of Justice,drug users are more likely to have a criminal record than nonusers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Interdiction is an international drug-control policy.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The federal government spends more than $10 million annually on drug-related expenditures.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The Comprehensive _____Control Act of 2006 placed restrictions on retail sales of over-the-counter products containing pseudoephedrine.
Q7) Cocaine and crack cocaine were the drugs most commonly abused by jail inmates.
A)True
B)False
Q8) Prostitution is a _____issue to feminists.
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Chapter 13: Technology and Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cybercrime could potentially lead to personal injury.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The amount of illegal software in use worldwide is only about a fifth of all software. A)True
B)False
Q3) Gang members are using ________ to circumvent court injunctions that forbid members from meeting face-to-face.
Q4) The distinctions between different types of computer malware are primarily based on how much damage they cause.
A)True
B)False
Q5) How is the use of computer technology by criminals and law enforcement similar too and different from the use of other types of technology to perpetrate crimes and bring perpetrators to justice?
Q6) When investigators use biological residue found at a crime scene for genetic comparison to aid in identifying criminal suspects,they are using ________.
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Page 17
Chapter 14: Globalization and Terrorism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Terrorists who pursue their own vision of the divine will are called ________.
Q2) The process of social homogenization by which the experiences of everyday life can foster a standardization of cultural expressions around the world is
A)enculturation.
B)globalization.
C)culture-spread.
D)world blending.
Q3) Which group was identified with about half the terrorist attacks that occurred worldwide in 2009?
A)skinheads
B)fascists
C)Sunni extremists
D)anarchists
Q4) The progressive erosion of the influence of nation-states is a feature of globalization.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The increase in understanding that results from the sharing of information between cultures is called ________.
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