Introduction to Psychology and Law Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Psychology and Law explores the intersection between psychological principles and the legal system, providing students with an understanding of how human behavior, cognition, and emotion influence legal processes. The course examines topics such as eyewitness testimony, criminal responsibility, jury decision-making, the assessment of competency, and the role of psychologists as expert witnesses. Through the analysis of real-world cases and current research, students develop critical thinking skills and gain insight into how psychological science contributes to legal practices, policy development, and the administration of justice.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Forensic Psychology Research and Application 5th Edition by Curtis R. Bartol
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13 Chapters
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Forensic Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Food and Drug Administration's forensic lab was instrumental in investigating the 1982 product tampering case involving ______.
A) the Unabomber
B) cyanide-laced Tylenol capsules
C) the Hillside Strangler
D) a security breech at Target stores
Answer: B
Q2) Psychologists began to testify in courts in increasing numbers during the 1940s and 1950s.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Which ethical issue would a psychologist be least likely to address?
A) answering the ultimate issue in a child custody evaluation
B) determining the correct medication dosage for a psychotic prisoner
C) conducting a risk assessment for a death penalty case
D) participating in a military interrogation
Answer: B
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3
Chapter 2: Police and Public Safety Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which category of hostage taker often requires the involvement of federal officials and is considered the most difficult for police officers?
A) political terrorists
B) individuals who have committed a crime
C) individuals with mental disorders
D) prisoners
Answer: A
Q2) Who owns a law enforcement fitness-for-duty evaluation report?
A) the evaluating psychologist
B) the Federal Bureau of Investigation
C) the agency that requested the report
D) the chief of the police department
Answer: C
Q3) Who typically requests a fitness-for-duty evaluation?
A) a police psychologist
B) the department head
C) a family member of the officer
D) the officer
Answer: B
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Psychology of Investigations
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Sample Questions
Q1) Risk assessment is a type of ______ profiling.
A) geographical
B) suspect-based
C) juvenile
D) psychological
Answer: D
Q2) Risk assessment instruments are largely based on ______ prediction.
A) limited
B) clinical
C) criminal
D) actuarial
Answer: D
Q3) A method of identifying crimes that are likely to have been committed by the same offender because of similarities across the crimes is referred to as ______.
A) psychological autopsy
B) modus operandi
C) criminal investigation
D) linkage analysis
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Consulting and Testifying
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the role of an expert witness?
A) to help the judge or jury make decisions that are beyond knowledge of the typical layperson
B) to explain the myriad psychological effects of highly traumatic events
C) to provide testimony on the ultimate issue
D) to advocate for the rights of a falsely accused defendant
Q2) How did the death of Justice Antonin Scalia result in a higher workload for many federal courts?
Q3) Empirical literature has consistently supported the superiority of clinical data over actuarial data for the prediction of violence.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Define and provide an example of an amicus curiae brief.
Q5) Which forensic psychology practice has increased as a direct result of concerns about workplace and school violence?
A) ultimate issue testimony
B) trial consulting
C) jury selection
D) risk assessment
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Chapter 5: Consulting With Criminal Courts
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Sample Questions
Q1) Changes in the federal and state laws have made it more difficult for defendants pleading not guilty by reason of insanity to win acquittal.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which federal law sets the standard for determining insanity in federal courts?
A) the IDRA
B) the Durham Rule
C) the EEDIA
D) the Dusky Rule
Q3) The most common method of restoring competence in defendants is ______.
A) a combination of medication and therapy
B) community-based treatment
C) a combination of electroconvulsive therapy and antidepressants
D) involuntary civil commitment for at least 6 months
Q4) What is the primary concern with the GBMI verdict?
A) It does not guarantee treatment for the mentally ill individual.
B) It absolves a defendant of criminal responsibility.
C) It helps the defendant avoid a prison term.
D) It requires expensive modifications to the court system.
Q5) Explain SVPs and discuss concerns associated with them.
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Chapter 6: Family Law and Other Forms of Civil Litigation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Sara's parents are divorced. Sara lives with her mother for 2 weeks per month and her father for 2 weeks per month. Sara's parents have a ______ custody arrangement.
A) sole
B) joint
C) split
D) divided
Q2) Which of the following is a main goal of punitive damages?
A) to deter the defendant from further harmful action
B) to compensate for the harm suffered by the plaintiff
C) to ensure that a mentally disordered defendant receives treatment
D) to prevent a defendant from monetary gain
Q3) Research suggests that the most problematic element of informed consent is ______.
A) competency
B) mental state
C) coercion
D) disclosure
Q4) Identify and briefly describe the three forms of outpatient civil commitment.
Q5) Who is Kendra Webdale? How does she pertain to concepts in the chapter?
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Chapter 7: The Development of Delinquent and Criminal Behavior
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Q1) Compared to violent offenders who are not psychopaths, criminal psychopaths engage in violent offenses that involve ______.
A) domestic disputes
B) extreme emotional arousal
C) revenge while drinking
D) a close family member
Q2) Steinberg's 2016 study underscores the validity of the dual systems model in explaining risk-taking and offending behavior across ______.
A) the lifespan
B) the state of Texas
C) time
D) cultures
Q3) Childhood onset and adolescent onset are two subtypes of which diagnosis?
A) ADHD
B) antisocial personality disorder
C) conduct disorder
D) psychopathy
Q4) Describe the Uniform Crime Reports. Include the limitations of these data.
Page 9
Q5) Compare and contrast a male psychopath and a female psychopath.
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Chapter 8: Psychology of Violence and Intimidation
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the primary difference between violence and aggression?
A) Aggression is present at birth, while violence is a learned behavior.
B) Aggression may not involve force, while violence does.
C) Violence is legal, while aggression is illegal.
D) Violence is psychological, while aggression is physiological.
Q2) Which statement about criminal homicide is correct?
A) Most murders also involve some type of sexual assault.
B) Most murders involve more than one victim.
C) Most murders are committed during the course of committing another offense.
D) Most murders are perpetrated against a stranger.
Q3) Briefly describe the limitations with the terms school shooting and school rampage.
Q4) Lust, thrill, and comfort are associated with which type of serial killer?
A) visionary
B) mission-oriented
C) hedonistic
D) power
Q5) Data indicate that a majority of hate crimes are motivated by racial bias.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Psychology of Sexual Assault
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which variable of the MTC:R3 is a powerful predictor of recidivism and offending frequency?
A) sexual fantasies
B) aggression
C) impulsivity
D) social competence
Q2) Which category of the MTC:R3's aggression variable is characterized by extreme violence and desire to degrade the victim?
A) expressive aggression
B) instrumental aggression
C) strategic violence
D) sadistic violence
Q3) According to the MTC:R3, an opportunistic rapist who has demonstrated impulsivity since adolescence is classified as a ______ rapist.
A) Type 1
B) pervasively angry
C) vindictive
D) Type 2
Q4) Define psychosexual evaluation.
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Chapter 10: Forensic Psychology and the Victims of Crime
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research suggests that rape victims are four times more likely than noncrime victims to ______.
A) be victimized by police
B) have contemplated suicide
C) abuse drugs
D) seek psychological help
Q2) Describe the symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder.
Q3) Which statement is true about the legal rights of victims?
A) Most victims who exercise their right to allocution are successful at increasing the defendant's prison sentence.
B) Victims in all 50 states have the right to be represented by an attorney during all stages of the criminal process.
C) Most victims are unaware of their legal rights.
D) Victims in all 50 states receive notifications at all stages of the criminal justice process.
Q4) Describe death notification. What do you think the repercussions of a poorly done notification could be for co-victims?
Q5) Summarize the research on homicides of young children.
Q6) How does the diversity of the Hispanic population affect victimization data?
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Family Violence and Child Victimization
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Sample Questions
Q1) Acquisition, storage, and retrieval are the components of ______.
A) repression
B) human memory
C) reconstructive theory
D) cognitive templates
Q2) Very few courts in the United States allow repressed-memory testimony.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are the two major differences between forensic evaluations for child abuse and those for elder abuse?
Q4) Research suggests that intimate partner violence in same-sex relationships is rare.
A)True
B)False
Q5) The inability to recall events before age three is called repressed memory.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Briefly describe how states have changed their statute of limitations to recognize victims of sexual abuse.
Q7) Discuss three limitations of human memory.
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Chapter 12: Correctional Psychology in Adult Settings
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement best summarizes the psychological research on solitary confinement?
A) Solitary confinement is a necessary punitive measure for violent inmates for short periods of time.
B) Solitary confinement is most effective when used for an offender with a mental disorder.
C) Because solitary confinement has detrimental effects on both inmates and correctional officers, it should not be used for extended periods of time.
D) Compared to the rest of the inmate population, inmates in supermax prisons are better able to tolerate conditions of solitary confinement as long as they have adequate food, water, and medical care.
Q2) Which type of prison transfer requires a hearing and due process protections?
A) a transfer of an inmate to a mental institution
B) a transfer due to overcrowding
C) a transfer of an inmate to a more restrictive setting
D) a transfer in order to break up a violent prison gang
Q3) As a group, psychopaths rarely volunteer for prison treatment programs.
A)True
B)False
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Juvenile Justice and Corrections
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Sample Questions
Q1) Many juvenile facilities are lacking in ______.
A) staff who are adequately trained on mental health issues
B) caring and dedicated professionals
C) girls and minorities who display symptoms of a mental disorder
D) youth who have a history of aggressive behavior
Q2) Risk assessment of juveniles should take into consideration the enormous changes in adolescent development.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The majority of the literature on juvenile sex offending focuses on adolescent White males.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Cognitive behavioral programs are the most effective at treating juvenile offenders with substance abuse problems.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Relapse prevention is essential to the treatment of juvenile sex offenders.
A)True
B)False
Page 15
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