Introduction to Pathology for Rehabilitation Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Introduction to Pathology for Rehabilitation provides students with foundational knowledge about the mechanisms, processes, and classifications of disease as they relate to physical rehabilitation. The course examines cellular injury, inflammation, tissue healing, and the pathophysiology of common conditions affecting the musculoskeletal, neurological, and cardiopulmonary systems. Students will explore how pathological changes impact movement, function, and recovery, enabling them to apply clinical reasoning in developing safe and effective rehabilitation plans. Emphasis is placed on understanding signs, symptoms, and progression of diseases to support evidence-based intervention strategies in physical therapy and other allied health professions.
Recommended Textbook
Pathology for the Physical Therapist Assistant 1st Edition by Penelope J. Lescher
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14 Chapters
280 Verified Questions
280 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Inflammation and Healing
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Acute on chronic inflammation occurs when an injury never fully heals and the area is reinjured.This type of inflammation is often observed in the physical therapy clinic.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Cultural differences can affect the way individuals perceive pain.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Cells can change in response to injury or stimuli.Which of the following typifies an increase in size of the individual cells?
A) Atrophy
B) Hypertrophy
C) Hyperplasia
D) Metaplasia
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Immunopathology, neoplasia, and
Chromosome Abnormalities
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20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Some risk factors for the development of cancer can be avoided,whereas others cannot.Which of the following is NOT considered a controllable risk factor?
A) A promiscuous lifestyle
B) A family history of a specific kind of cancer
C) Sunbathing and using ultraviolet tanning beds
D) Smoking of tobacco products
Answer: B
Q2) T lymphocytes are found in the respiratory tract of people with asthma.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Vaccinations are available against many infectious diseases.Prior to a vaccination,the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends having a blood titer to detect antibodies to the disease.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Cardiovascular Pathologies
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20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cardiac output is defined as the amount of blood pumped out by:
A) one ventricle in 1 minute.
B) both ventricles in 1 minute.
C) one ventricle in one beat of the heart.
D) both ventricles in one beat of the heart.
Answer: A
Q2) Physical therapy intervention for lymphedema is a specialized field within physical therapy that involves clearing the proximal areas of the lymphatic system to stimulate drainage.The PTA has the option of specialization in the management of lymphedema through further education and certification.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a symptom of iron-deficient anemia?
A) Fatigue
B) Chest pain
C) Dyspnea
D) Loss of muscle control
Answer: D
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Respiratory Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) A pulse oximeter provides an estimate of the levels of oxygen saturation in hemoglobin (SaO<sub>2</sub>).Accepted normal SaO<sub>2</sub> ranges for individuals with no pulmonary disease are:
A) between 80% and 85%.
B) between 86% and 90%.
C) between 91% and 95%.
D) between 96% and 100%.
Q2) When teaching diaphragmatic breathing exercises,the PTA needs to ensure the patient understands that:
A) the abdomen raises during inhalation.
B) the abdomen lowers during inhalation.
C) the abdominal muscles are contracted.
D) the neck and shoulder muscles are contracted.
Q3) The postural drainage position for the posterior segments of both lower lobes of the lungs is:
A) prone,flat on bed,pillow beneath hips.
B) prone,head and thorax tilted down,pillow beneath hips.
C) supine,head and thorax tilted up,pillow beneath knees.
D) supine,head and thorax tilted down,pillow beneath knees.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Degenerative Joint Diseases and Bone Pathologies
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20 Verified Questions
20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following signs and symptoms is NOT indicative of osteoarthrosis (OA)?
A) Cartilage fibrillation
B) Eburnation of bone ends
C) Osteophytes
D) Swan-neck deformity of the fingers
Q2) Tuberculosis (TB)is usually thought of as a disease affecting the lungs.However,people with severe TB can experience joint problems similar to those who have arthritis.Which of the following statements concerning TB is FALSE?
A) The bony areas most affected by TB are the spine and the long bones,particularly at the knee and hip.
B) Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is spread to the bones via the vascular system or from adjacent lymph nodes.
C) People with TB of the bone may require surgery for the joints.
D) Pott's disease is another name for TB that affects the internal organs other than the lungs.
Q3) An example of a benign tumor of bone is a Ewing's sarcoma.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Rheumatoid Arthritis and Related Conditions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Boutonniére's deformity is characterized by:
A) flexion of the MCP joint,hyperextension of the PIP joint,and flexion of the DIP joint.
B) extension of the MCP joint,flexion of the PIP joint,and hyperextension of the DIP joint.
C) flexion of the MCP joint,flexion of PIP joint,and flexion of the DIP joint.
D) extension of the MCP joint,extension of the PIP joint,and flexion of the DIP joint.
Q2) Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)is also known as reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD),reflex sympathetic dystrophy syndrome,shoulder hand syndrome,and causalgia.The condition affects the upper or lower extremities but is most commonly found in the upper extremities.Which of the following statements regarding CRPS is TRUE?
A) Only people who have severe trauma develop CRPS.
B) CRPS always resolves spontaneously without any medications.
C) Physical therapy provides relief for the signs and symptoms associated with CRPS and resolves the problem.
D) The signs and symptoms include severe pain,edema,and skin changes,including excessive hair growth,sweating,and loss of wrinkles in the skin of the affected limb.
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8
Chapter 7: Neurological Disorders
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20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Parkinson's disease results in movement and behavior dysfunction.Which of the following areas of the brain is affected in people with this disease?
A) Basal ganglia
B) Brainstem
C) Cerebellum
D) Limbic system
Q2) Which of the following is NOT considered a precaution or consideration for physical therapy intervention for people who have had a cerebrovascular accident (CVA)?
A) Check vital signs before treatment.
B) If patients are on a thickened liquid diet because of swallowing problems,do not give them water to drink.
C) Encourage patients to turn their head away from the affected side by standing on the side of the bed of the nonaffected side.
D) Keep initial treatment sessions fairly short to prevent undue patient fatigue.
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9
Chapter 8: Burns and Skin Conditions
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are thermal injuries to the skin EXCEPT:
A) boils.
B) burns.
C) frostbite.
D) immersion foot.
Q2) Being able to recognize a deviation from what healthy skin and its functions should be is vital to the interventions carried out by a physical therapist assistant.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which layer of the skin assists in reepithelialization following burns that are not very deep?
A) Apocrine sweat glands
B) Hair follicles
C) Stratum corneum
D) Stratum lucidum
Q4) It is possible for some people to develop pressure ulcers in less than 2 hours.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Endocrine, metabolic, and Nutritional Disorders
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20 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Physical therapy can be indicated for this disease if left undetected in children and mental retardation occurs:
A) diabetes mellitus.
B) phenylketonuria.
C) vitamin A deficiency.
D) Wilson's disease.
Q2) Hyperthyroidism
A)Perform gentle exercise and mobility
B)Improve endurance and strengthen muscle
C)Manage arthritic symptoms and perform muscle strengthening exercises
D)Treat muscle and soft tissues deficits that may arise
E)Treat the physical deficits caused by the disease process
Q3) All of the following are complications of diabetes mellitus EXCEPT:
A) amyotrophy.
B) reduced function of kidneys.
C) retinopathy.
D) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome.
Q4) A person with bulimia nervosa has the tendency to overexercise.
A)True
B)False
11
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Chapter 10: Infectious Diseases
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Sample Questions
Q1) Toxic shock syndrome has been linked to the use of tampons in women.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following diseases is NOT caused by an RNA virus?
A) Hantavirus
B) Pertussis
C) Rubeola
D) West Nile virus
Q3) Rocky Mountain spotted fever
A)Contact with infected rodents or rodent urine or feces
B)Mosquito bite
C)Respiratory droplets via coughing or sneezing
D)Sexual contact
E)Tick bite
Q4) Botulism produces toxins that block the release of calcium,which causes paralysis of the muscles.
A)True
B)False
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Female and Male Reproductive System
Conditions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Women in the later stages of pregnancy require more time to recover after exercise.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Bone loss has been linked to this during menopause:
A) Increase in estrogen
B) Increase in progesterone
C) Reduction in estrogen
D) Reduction in progesterone
Q3) A second-degree episiotomy is a tear that extends to:
A) include extensive damage to the vagina,perineum,external genitalia,and the wall of the rectum.
B) layers of muscle of the perineum.
C) superficial areas only.
D) the sphincters.
Q4) What is the name of the type of contraction known as false labor?
A) Braxton-Hicks
B) Early
C) Postdate
D) Preeclampsia
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Chapter 12: Diseases of the Digestive and Urinary Systems
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following physical therapy interventions may help with gastritis?
A) Education on transfer lift for family and caregivers
B) Mobility training
C) Relaxation exercises
D) Reducing inflammation
Q2) Iontophoresis is a possible physical therapy intervention for temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When working with patients with carcinoma of the stomach,the goal of physical therapy is to:
A) provide postural advice.
B) provide training in ambulation and activities of daily living.
C) relieve stress.
D) strengthen the pelvic floor.
Q4) Which of the following is NOT part of the urinary system?
A) Adrenal glands
B) Bladder
C) Kidney
D) Rectum
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Chapter 13: Intensive Care
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Sample Questions
Q1) Platelet count
A)70 to 110 mg/100 mL
B)75 to 100 mm Hg
C)150,000 to 300,000/mm<sup>3</sup>
D)Females: 12 to 16 g/100 mL; Males: 13 to 18 g/100 mL
E)Females: 37% to 48%; Males: 45% to 52%
Q2) A therapist would probably not treat this medical diagnosis in the ICU:
A) Brain attack
B) Burns
C) Low back pain
D) Near-drowning
Q3) A stroke is also known as a myocardial infarction.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Hematocrit
A)70 to 110 mg/100 mL
B)75 to 100 mm Hg
C)150,000 to 300,000/mm<sup>3</sup>
D)Females: 12 to 16 g/100 mL; Males: 13 to 18 g/100 mL
E)Females: 37% to 48%; Males: 45% to 52%
Page 15
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Chapter 14: The Geriatric Patient
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person with Parkinson's disease will exhibit:
A) an ability to perform daily living activities unimpeded.
B) an expressive face.
C) normal gait.
D) pill rolling.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a physiological effect of aging?
A) Decreased cardiac output
B) Feelings of isolation
C) Reduction in lung elasticity
D) Thickening of arteries and capillaries
Q3) The Kübler-Ross stages of dying include all of the following EXCEPT:
A) anger.
B) bargaining.
C) depression.
D) surrender.
Q4) A family member taking money from an elderly person is not considered elder abuse.
A)True
B)False
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