Introduction to Juvenile Justice Solved Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Juvenile Justice provides students with an overview of the juvenile justice system in the United States, examining its origins, philosophies, and contemporary practices. The course explores the roles of law enforcement, courts, and corrections in addressing juvenile delinquency, and analyzes the social, legal, and ethical issues related to the treatment and rehabilitation of young offenders. Students will study historical trends, landmark cases, legislation, and policies that have shaped the juvenile justice system, while considering the impact of family, school, and community factors on juvenile behavior and justice outcomes.
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Juvenile Justice Policies Programs and Practices 3rd Edition by Robert Taylor
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Chapter 1: The Juvenile Justice System
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Q1) A sanction requiring a juvenile offender to perform a predetermined number of hours of volunteer work is called _______________.
A)victim restitution
B)victim rehabilitation
C)victim justice
D)community service
E)intake
Answer: D
Q2) Compare the definitions of the juvenile terms with the definition of the adult terms listed on page 9 of the text.
Answer: On page 9 of the text, the definitions of juvenile terms and adult terms are compared. The juvenile terms are defined as behaviors or actions typically associated with young people under the age of 18, such as truancy, curfew violations, and underage drinking. On the other hand, the adult terms are defined as behaviors or actions typically associated with individuals over the age of 18, such as DUI (driving under the influence), assault, and drug trafficking. The comparison highlights the different legal and social implications for behaviors based on the age of the individual involved.
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Chapter 2: History of the Juvenile Justice System
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Q1) The first American penal institution to address juvenile issues specifically was the Walnut Street Jail in Philadelphia
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) A religious group in early America who believed that through hard work, religion, and education a person could get closer to God was called ____________.
A)the Buddhists
B)the Baptists
C)the Puritans
D)the Republicans
E)the Muslims
Answer: C
Q3) Chief Justice Earl Warren, in writing about juveniles, said that juvenile often have "the worst of both worlds."
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 3: Juvenile Crime, Criminals, and Victims
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Q1) The "dark figure of crime" refers to the terrible affects of crime on victims.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Most crimes committed against juveniles are reported to the police.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) In 2005 the total number of juvenile arrests for violent offenses ____________.
A)increased by 10 percent
B)increased by 2 percent
C)declined
D)stayed the same
Answer: B
Q4) Which of the following is the least likely to be delinquent?
A)first born children
B)second born children
C)third born children
D)there is no relationship between birth order and delinquency
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Choice, Deterrence, Biological, and Psychological Theories
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Q1) This type of deterrence is imposed on adjudicated delinquents in order to deter them from continuing to commit delinquent acts in the future.
A)proposed deterrence
B)specific deterrence
C)general deterrence
D)actual deterrence
E)theoretical deterrence
Q2) The attempt to maximize pleasure and minimize pain is called
A)selfish
B)rationalism
C)deterrence
D)hedonistic calculus
Q3) The Somatotype Theory was formulated by Cesare Lombroso.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the four assumptions of deterrence theory?
Q5) Describe in detail the Classical School of Criminology.
Q7) Explain the terms regression, reaction formation and rationalization. Page 6
Q6) Why doesn't the fear of sanctions deter juveniles from committing delinquent acts?
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Page 7
Chapter 5: Social Structure, Social Process, and Social
Reaction Theories
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Q1) ___________ is an example of a subculture theory.
A)Cohen's delinquency and frustration theory
B)Cloward and Ohlin's differential opportunity theory
C)Miller's lower-class focal concern theory
D)All of the above
E)none of the above
Q2) According to Sampson and Laub two turning points in a criminal career are marriage and the birth of a child.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ____________ believed that the individuals belonging to the lower class hold different values, norms and beliefs than the members of the middle class.
A)Shaw and McKay
B)Merton
C)Agnew
D)Cloward and Ohlin
E)Cohen
Q4) Explain the works of Robert Merton.
Q5) What does it mean to have access to illegitimate opportunity structure?
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Chapter 6: Delinquency Prevention and Intervention
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Q1) Explain the concept of midnight basketball.
Q2) The text gives seven things a school based program should include.Describe those seven points.
Q3) Explain the Communities That Care (CTC) program.
Q4) The Scared Straight program was a highly successful juvenile prevention program that has been well duplicated throughout the country.
A)True
B)False
Q5) A quick fix, or a cure all, is sometimes called a ______________.
A)panacea
B)program
C)philosophy
D)a treatment strategy
E)all of the above
Q6) In certain states, the parent can be held liable for the truancy of their child.
A)True
B)False
Q7) What are the four potential benefits of teen court?
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Q8) Explain the goals and methods used by Big Brothers/Big Sisters of America in detail.
Chapter 7: Police and Juveniles
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Q1) A police program designed for older adolescents and college students that allows participants to perform some police tasks and learn about law enforcement is called
A)a boot camp
B)a police cadet program
C)a police explorer
D)the Boy Scouts of America
Q2) Problem-oriented policing was originated by ______________________.
A)O.W.Wilson
B)Brian Wilson
C)James Q.Wilson
D)August Vollmer
E)none of the above
Q3) In the _____________ style of policing, the officer uses criminal law, threats, temporary custody and problem solving to keep the peace.
A)professional
B)legalistic
C)watchman
D)service
Q4) What are the peak hours for juvenile crime?
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Chapter 8: Juvenile Law and Procedure
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the Justice Department, which state has the worst juvenile prisons?
A)New York
B)California
C)Texas
D)Louisiana
E)Iowa
Q2) Because of their age, the Fourth Amendment does not apply to juveniles.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The United States Supreme Court has ruled that corporal punishment of students is unconstitutional.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The juvenile court operates and proceeds more similarly to a criminal court than a civil court.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Explain the case of Schull v.Martin.
Q6) Compare and contrast the New Jersey Juvenile Justice code with the Texas Juvenile Justice code.
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Chapter 9: The Juvenile Court
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Q1) The process by which a juvenile pleads guilty in exchange for concessions made by the prosecutor is called a plea bargain.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The court authority granted by law to hear a case is called legalization.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are the services provides by the Community Services Program Inc.
Q4) Describe all the ways that juvenile court judges are selected to serve.
Q5) A hearing, after the juvenile has been adjudicated, to determine what sanction should be imposed on the juvenile is called _______________.
A)the dispositional hearing
B)the sentencing hearing
C)the decision hearing
D)the determination hearing
Q6) What are the three basic functions of probation officers?
Q7) What occurs at a detention hearing?
Q8) What do the terms CINS, CHINS, PINS, JINS and MINS mean?
Q9) What are the duties of the juvenile prosecutor?
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Chapter 10: Juveniles in the Criminal Justice System
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Q1) Prior to Roper v.Simmons, a juvenile who was at least age 16 at the time of the offense could receive the death penalty.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Mitchell Johnson and Andrew Golden received 40 years for their crimes.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are the Kent criterion for waiving a juvenile to adult court.
Q4) Which part of the country is most likely to believe that juveniles should be treated the same as adults for violent offenses?
A)north
B)south
C)east
D)west
Q5) What are the five types of blended sentences?
Q6) Explain presumptive waiver and the criteria that trigger it.
Q7) Explain the case of Stanford v.Kentucky.
Q8) What is the effect of "once an adult, always an adult" laws on juvenile prosecutions?
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Chapter 11: Community-Based Corrections for Juveniles
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Q1) What is the most common correctional sanction imposed on juvenile offenders?
Q2) The termination of an unsuccessful probation is called probation revocation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The fundamental goal of juvenile correctional facilities is deterrence.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Confining a juvenile to their home when they are not at school or under treatment is called ___________.
A)school-based probation
B)house arrest
C)shock probation
D)cruel and unusual punishment
E)relaxed probation
Q5) A relatively unique correctional strategy that involves exposing the juvenile to a brief commitment in an institutional facility, and then releasing them on probation, is called shock probation.
A)True
B)False
Q6) What are the seven responsibilities of probation officers?
Page 14
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Chapter 12: Institutional Corrections for Juveniles
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Q1) The Balanced and Restorative Justice (BARJ) movement is based on
A)accountability
B)community safety
C)youth development
D)all of the above
Q2) When the state advertises its new policy of arresting all drunk drivers and revoking their licenses it is best referred to as ______________.
A)rehabilitation
B)deterrence
C)incapacitation
D)retribution
Q3) List the various jobs that exist in correctional facilities.
Q4) According to research, what factors have been related to the commission of suicide in juvenile facilities?
Q5) Most of the juveniles that stay in detention, stay for very short periods of time.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Explain the California Youth Authority's Free Venture Program.
Page 15
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Chapter 13: Gangs and Delinquency
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Q1) The type of clothing and the colors that young people wear may indicate to which gang they belong.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to C.Ronald Huff, a type of gang that is primarily involved in committing serious crimes including violent crime and selling drugs is called a ______________.
A)Hedonistic Gang
B)Instrumental Gang
C)c.Predatory Gang
D)Territorial Gang
E)Prison Gang
Q3) The movement of gangs from large metropolitan areas, such as Los Angeles and Chicago, to other areas of the country is called ______________.
A)transference
B)home grown
C)gang franchising
D)gang migration
E)gang immigration
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Chapter 14: Special Populations
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Q1) Three social structure theories support the argument that socioeconomic conditions and cultural values in the lower class lead to delinquency.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ____________ developed a theoretical framework in which to study the drugs/violence nexus.
A)Wolfgang
B)Figlio
C)Sellin
D)Goldstein
E)none of the above
Q3) Compare and contrast the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) and the Uniform Crime Report (UCR).
Q4) The most prevalent disorders appear to be __________ in juvenile offenders.
A)conduct disorders
B)antisocial personality disorders
C)substance abuse disorders
D)all of the above
E)none of the above
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Chapter 15: Future Directions in Juvenile Justice
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Q1) Current policy in juvenile justice reflects the desire of rehabilitation, diversion, and protection in regards to juveniles within the juvenile justice system.
A)True
B)False
Q2) ________ and ________ are the only two states that do not have active Teen Courts.
A)New Jersey, New York
B)New York, Illinois
C)Connecticut, Illinois
D)Connecticut, New York
E)Connecticut, New Jersey
Q3) Describe in detail the Balanced and Restorative Justice Model (BARJ).
Q4) _______________ created an innovative program designed to deal with curfew violators.
A)Silverton, Oregon
B)Arlington Heights, Illinois
C)Roanoke, Virginia
D)St.Clares Shores, Michigan
E)Phoenix, Arizona
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