Introduction to Dental Medicine
Test Questions
Course Introduction
Introduction to Dental Medicine provides students with a foundational understanding of the dental sciences, oral health, and the wider context of dental care within healthcare systems. This course explores the anatomy and physiology of the oral cavity, basics of dental pathology, preventive dentistry, and the instruments and materials used in oral healthcare. Emphasis is placed on patient-centered care, ethics in dentistry, and the role of dental professionals in promoting overall health. By integrating scientific principles with clinical concepts, students will gain insight into the multidisciplinary nature of dental medicine and prepare for further study or related careers in oral health.
Recommended Textbook Essentials of Oral Histology and Embryology A Clinical Approach 4th Edition by Daniel J. Chiego
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Chapter 1: Development and Structure of Cells and Tissues
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Sample Questions
Q1) The _______ provides an ideal environment for the implantation and growth of the embryo.
A) ovary
B) uterine tube
C) myometrium
D) endometrium
Answer: D
Q2) The cardiovascular system originates from chondroblasts.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) The information in mRNA is translated by ribosomes located on the surface of the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Smooth muscle is consciously controlled.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Chapter 2: Structure and Function of Cells, Tissues, and Organs
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ return blood to the heart.
Answer: Veins
Q2) What are the three types of muscle tissue?
A) Cardiac, skeletal, smooth
B) Striated, voluntary, smooth
C) Cardiac, skeletal, voluntary
D) Voluntary, involuntary, striated
Answer: A
Q3) Ligaments and tendons are composed of which tissue?
A) Neural
B) Muscle
C) Epithelial
D) Connective
Answer: D
Q4) The absorption of nutrients occurs in which location?
A) Mouth
B) Stomach
C) Small intestine
D) Large intestine
Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Development of the Oral Facial Region
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify three facial sutures.
Answer: Zygomaticomaxillary,frontomaxillary,zygomaticotemporal
Q2) Which type of bone protects the brain?
A) Short
B) Dermal
C) Sesamoid
D) Membrane
Answer: D
Q3) The thymus gland arises from which branchial arch?
A) I
B) II
C) III
D) IV
Answer: C
Q4) In the first 20 weeks,the prenatal mandible articulates with which bone(s)?
A) Incus
B) Malleus
C) Stapes
D) Both A and B
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Development of the Face and Palate
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Sample Questions
Q1) A combination of genetic and _____ factors are associated with palatal and facial clefts.
A) social
B) behavioral
C) age-related
D) environmental
Q2) Bilateral nasal placodes appear in the seventh week of gestation.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Development of the upper lip depends on fusion of the philtrum and maxillary processes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which significant change occurs in the fifth prenatal week?
A) The heart begins to beat.
B) The bilateral placodes develop into nostrils.
C) The palatine shelves grow medially and contact the tongue.
D) The eyes move from the side of the face to the front of the face.
Q5) List the components of the Waldeyer tonsillar ring.
Q6) Identity two examples of apoptosis in prenatal development.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Development of Teeth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which tissue does not support the dentition?
A) Enamel
B) Cementum
C) Alveolar bone
D) Periodontal ligament
Q2) Predentin calcifies to form dentin within ____ hours.
A) 12
B) 24
C) 48
D) 72
Q3) Compact bone is the most highly calcified tissue in the human body.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which two cellular layers fuse to form the root sheath?
A) Ameloblast and odontoblast cells
B) Cementoid and epithelial rest cells
C) Inner and outer enamel epithelial cells
D) Stratum intermedium and stellate reticulum cells
Q5) Enamel develops from __________ cells,whereas dentin develops from ___________ cells.
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Chapter 6: Eruption and Shedding of the Teeth
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which structure(s)increase(s)the surface area of the osteoclast?
A) Fibroblasts
B) Ruffled border
C) Periodontal fibers
D) Epithelial diagram
Q2) During eruption,the epithelial attachment shifts to the cervical area.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Osteoblasts are the active cells in both the formation and degradation of the collagen fibers.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The eruption process is rapid and continuous.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Active osteoclasts are multinucleated.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Briefly describe why humans are considered diphyodonts.
Q7) Name two characteristics of both primary and permanent dentitions.
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Chapter 7: Enamel
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Sample Questions
Q1) Prismless enamel is characterized by numerous and pronounced Hunter-Schreger bands.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Ameloblasts deposit 4 µm of enamel rods daily.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Ameloblasts migrate away from the dentinoenamel junction as they produce enamel rods.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which of the following does not facilitate the spread of dental caries?
A) Enamel tufts
B) Enamel lamellae
C) Incremental lines
D) Prismless enamel
Q5) Etching the surface of enamel stimulates remineralization.
A)True
B)False
Q6) A tuft is a developmental defect in enamel filled with _________ material.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Dentin
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dentin is responsive to the environment.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which type of dentin forms to protect and maintain the vitality of the pulp?
A) Mantle
B) Sclerotic
C) Peritubular
D) Reactionary
Q3) Odontoblastic injury during a cavity preparation usually results in ________ dentin.
Q4) The major organic component of dentin is _______.
A) water
B) collagen
C) enamelin
D) hydroxyapatite
Q5) Mineralized tubules are associated with which type of dentin?
A) Mantle
B) Sclerotic
C) Reparative
D) Secondary
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Chapter 9: Dental Pulp
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Sample Questions
Q1) The apical foramen is slightly larger in _____ teeth.
A) anterior
B) posterior
C) maxillary
D) mandibular
Q2) The ________ of the odontoblast is the largest part of the cell.
Q3) Pulp stones are ectopic calcifications produced by microtrauma.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Pulp stones only occur in erupted teeth.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Accessory canals can result from blood vessels that have obstructed ________ formation.
A) pulp
B) dentin
C) enamel
D) foramen
Q6) The largest blood vessels found in the dental pulp are __________.
Q7) How many pulps are present in the permanent dentition?
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Chapter 10: Cementum
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cementum resorption is a characteristic of aging cementum.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The intermediate layer of cementum is _____ thick.
A) 10 cm
B) 10 mm
C) 10 µm
D) 10 nm
Q3) Intermediate cementum is softer than dentin.
A)True
B)False
Q4) List two characteristic differences between cementum and bone.
Q5) The majority of cementocytes reside within the apical cementum.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Young children frequently develop free cementicles.
A)True
B)False
Q7) In terms of cementum formation,what does OMG stand for?
Q8) Aging cementum may obstruct the ______ _______.
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Chapter 11: Periodontium: Periodontal Ligament
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Sample Questions
Q1) _______________ is (are)highly cellular,vascular,and neural.
A) Oxytalan fibers
B) Interstitial spaces
C) Periodontal ligaments
D) Fibrous connective tissue
Q2) Which gingival fiber group extends between adjacent teeth?
A) Circular
B) Transseptal
C) Free gingival
D) Attached gingival
Q3) The most important function of the periodontal ligament is to sense movement.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Fibroblasts are most concentrated in the _______ _________.
Q5) Name two objects in the periodontal ligament that are phagocytosed by macrophages.
Q6) The periodontal ligament is thinnest in the midroot zone.
A)True
B)False
Q7) ___________ stem from monocytes within the blood vascular system.
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Chapter 12: Periodontium: Alveolar Process and Cementum
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Sample Questions
Q1) When a tooth is lost,the adjacent supporting tissues are also lost.
A)True
B)False
Q2) When teeth are moved,all parts of the suspensory apparatus must move simultaneously.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Bone marrow is the smallest organ in the body.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which movement is associated with tooth loss or hypereruption?
A) Body
B) Tipping
C) Rotation
D) Mesial drift
Q5) Tension and compression during tooth movement result in bone loss.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Name the two components of the alveolar process.
Q7) Explain the diagnostic significance of the lamina dura.
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Chapter 13: Temporomandibular Joint
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a function of the lateral ligament of the temporomandibular joint?
A) Operates in retraction of the disk
B) Strengthens the capsule and allows freedom of condylar movement
C) Provides strong insulation between the condylar heads and articular surfaces
D) Supports the joint and limits excursions of the condyles to a normal range
Q2) Which of the following best describes the synovial membrane?
A) Thin layer of synovial cells
B) Sterile, highly viscous fluid
C) Dense, collagenous fibrous pad
D) Fibrous capsule that encloses the temporomandibular joint
Q3) Which ligament extends down the medial side of the ramus to insert on the lingula?
A) Stylohyoid
B) Stylomandibular
C) Sphenomandibular
D) Temporomandibular
Q4) Which branches of the trigeminal nerve innervate the TMJ?
Q5) Name the two movements of the TMJ.
Q6) The _________ is a spine of bone arising from the rim of the mandibular foramen.
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Chapter 14: Oral Mucosa
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Sample Questions
Q1) Lymphocytes,leukocytes,and mast cells are associated with ______________.
A) health
B) halitosis
C) necrosis
D) inflammation
Q2) Which of the following is characterized by thin,nonkeratinized epithelium?
A) Free gingiva
B) Median raphe
C) Interdental col
D) Filiform papillae
Q3) Melanocytes inject the pigment melanin into neighboring ___________.
A) leukocytes
B) lymphocytes
C) keratinocytes
D) nonkeratinocytes
Q4) The lamina propria consists of which two layers?
A) Granular and surface
B) Papillary and reticular
C) Basal and intermediate stratum
D) Hemidesmosomes and stratum granulosum
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Salivary Glands and Tonsils
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Sample Questions
Q1) All salivary glands can be classified as _______________.
A) buccal, labial, or mixed
B) serous, mucous, or mixed
C) parotid, submandibular, or sublingual
D) palatine, glossopalatine, or sublingual
Q2) Myoepithelial cells located on the pharyngeal tonsils help move secretions toward the oral cavity.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Serous acinar cells secrete into the lumen of the acinus and then drain directly into intercalated ducts.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which structural characteristic makes the palatine tonsil susceptible to infection?
A) Large size
B) Deep crypts
C) Septa capsule
D) Germinal centers
Q5) The _______ is a cluster of pyramidal cells.
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Chapter 16: Biofilms
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cuticular protein is the most important function of the primary cuticle.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Glycoproteins are found in the saliva.
A)True
B)False
Q3) ____________ produce acids that can demineralize the surface of enamel.
Q4) The composition of the dental plaque depends,in part,on the extent of gingival disease.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following is a function of a disclosing solution?
A) Diagnosing pulpits
B) Locating calculus deposits
C) Determining whether plaque is still present
D) Showing cracks or fissures in the enamel surface
Q6) Serumal calculus is usually a darker color.
A)True
B)False
Q7) The _________ allows plaque to form on the surface of the tooth.
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