Interpersonal Relations
Chapter Exam Questions
Course Introduction
Interpersonal Relations explores the dynamics of communication, conflict resolution, and relationship building in both personal and professional contexts. Through theoretical frameworks and practical applications, students develop skills to foster healthy, effective interactions, enhance emotional intelligence, and understand the influence of cultural, social, and psychological factors on human relationships. This course equips students with strategies to navigate diverse social environments, build trust, and manage challenges within teams, friendships, and familial relationships.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 9th Edition by Elliot Aronson
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2
Chapter 1: Introducing Social Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In discussing the issue of parental discipline, which of the following professionals would be LEAST likely to remind parents that it is important to consider how the child views being punished?
A) a behaviorist
B) a social psychologist
C) a philosopher
D) a journalist
Answer: A
Q2) After reading Chapter 1, if you were to advise producers of a safe-sex television campaign, what would you tell them?
A) Remember that sometimes people would rather feel good than be accurate.
B) AIDS is more likely to be transmitted via intravenous drug use than via sex.
C) Beware of the fundamental attribution error.
D) Remember to provide complete information and get your facts right.
Answer: A
Q3) Explain what the role of common sense is (and is not) in social psychology.
Answer: Common sense can be used as a springboard for formulating new research ideas. Common sense is not a substitute for using the scientific method because it is filled with contradictions and is subject to biases in thinking.
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Methodology: How Social Psychologists Do Research
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Q1) Satisfying intellectual curiosity describes ________ research, while solving social problems describes ________ research.
A) basic; applied
B) cross-cultural; social neuroscience
C) applied; basic
D) social neuroscience; cross-cultural
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following would be most likely to share a research lab and equipment with the biology department or medical school?
A) ethnographers
B) social neuroscientists
C) personality psychologists
D) archival researchers
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Social Cognition: How We Think About the Social World
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Sample Questions
Q1) The availability heuristic is associated with which of the following characteristics of schemas?
A) elaboration
B) differentiation
C) accessibility
D) clarity
Answer: C
Q2) What is the take-home message from the research on the self-fulfilling prophecy?
A) Self-fulfilling prophecies are a result of our desire to preserve our self-esteem.
B) Schema-confirming behaviors are conscious and deliberate.
C) Self-fulfilling prophecies are the result of unconscious, unintentional processes.
D) Because their job is assessment of performance, educators are especially susceptible to the self-fulfilling prophecy.
Answer: C
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Chapter 4: Social Perception: How We Come to Understand
Other People
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Sample Questions
Q1) In a study by Lassiter and his colleagues (2007), they found that when judges and police officers viewed tapes of interrogations, they were more likely to find the confession of a suspect voluntary when the camera focused only on the suspect.Why?
A) They could read his expressions of guilt more clearly.
B) They could see how nervous the suspect was.
C) The perceptual salience of the suspect triggered the fundamental attribution error.
D) They failed to see how the suspect was persuaded.
Q2) Hong and colleagues (2003) primed bicultural students with American, Chinese, or neutral images.Why were they able to make more dispositional attributions in the American condition and more situational attributions in the Chinese condition?
A)They had more distinctiveness information in one condition than the other.
B)The availability heuristic was helpful.
C)The image "prime" influenced their way of thinking.
D)They could make self-serving attributions.
Q3) How have researchers collected evidence that there are six major human emotions conveyed via facial expressions?
Q4) What are self-serving attributions, and why do people make them?
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Chapter 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context
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Sample Questions
Q1) When we are in a state of ________, we evaluate or compare our current behavior against our internal standards and values.
A) self-awareness
B) self-centeredness
C) self-perception
D) distraction
Q2) You assume that Franklin is intrinsically motivated to write a course paper because
A) it will increase his chances of making the Dean's List.
B) it is a requirement to pass the course.
C) he wants his professor to write him a letter of recommendation.
D) Franklin seems to savor immersing himself in writing.
Q3) Mrs.Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading.She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards.However, in using these, she must also be careful to ________ so that using the rewards does not backfire.
A) avoid having the students compete with one another
B) encourage cooperation among students
C) encourage students to write about what they read
D) avoid making students tense about being evaluated
Page 7
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Chapter 6: The Need to Justify Our Actions: the Costs and
Benefits of Dissonance Reduction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Petar and Nikolas love the house that they just toured.It is a short sale for $180,000, which is a great price.They are very excited and want to put in an offer.After they begin the paperwork, their realtor tells them that the price does not include the fixtures or the appliances.Those will likely cost an extra $20,000.What tactic is the realtor using?
A) lowballing
B) bait and switch
C) intrinsic motivation
D) priming
Q2) Your friend Jamie shows you the gift she bought for her mother's birthday.It's an atrociously ugly fake marble statue of an angel, with the saccharine words "My Mother's an Angel" sloppily lettered on the bottom.Jamie asks you what you think, and because her feelings are easily hurt, to spare her, you say, "It's wonderful! Maybe I'll get one for my mom!" In this case, you ________ experience dissonance because there is sufficient ________ justification for your action.
A) will; external
B) will; internal
C) will not; internal
D) will not; external
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Chapter 7: Attitudes and Attitude Change: Influencing
Thoughts and Feelings
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Q1) According to research by Han and Shavitt (1994), what are the cultural differences in the kinds of attitudes people hold about the same consumer product?
A) People in Asian cultures are more receptive to ads for utilitarian products.
B) People in Asian cultures are less consumer-oriented than are people in the United States.
C) Ads that focus on individuality and self-improvement work better in Western cultures than in Asian cultures.
D) Ads that focus on emotions and values work better in Asian cultures than in the United States.
Q2) Based on research by Fazio regarding the ability of highly accessible attitudes to predict behaviors, which of the following people would be most likely to stop and donate to a homeless person who approaches and asks for money?
A) Christina, who was just thinking about her sister's eviction
B) Josefina, who had just found a quarter on the sidewalk
C) Paul, who was trying to remember where he parked his car
D) Ramon, who just got a new roommate whom he dislikes
Q3) Do fear-arousing messages work? A social psychologist would probably say, "It depends." It depends on what?
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Chapter 8: Conformity: Influencing Behavior
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cross-cultural replications of Solomon Asch's original (1951) conformity studies (in which participants gave public judgments of the lengths of lines) have revealed that
A) because humans are a social species, normative conformity pressures are universal. B) people's conformity in these situations varies depending on the culture in which they were reared.
C) cultures differ in the extent to which private acceptance follows from public compliance.
D) implicit conformity pressures vary from culture to culture, but explicit pressures do not.
Q2) Which type of conformity is most at odds with our cultural ethos of individualism and independence and most closely matches the negative stereotypes of those who conform as being "weaklings"?
A) nonconformity
B) informational conformity
C) normative conformity
D) anti-conformity
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Chapter 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups
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Sample Questions
Q1) You are having a conflict with your neighbor because he has a tendency to blast loud, annoying music at 5:00a.m. while you are trying to sleep. Your neighbor claims that he is doing this in retaliation for the loud music you occasionally play at 1 a.m. How effective would it be to use threats on your neighbor to resolve the problem? In communicating with your neighbor, what would it be most important to promote in order to resolve the conflict?
Q2) Mr.Samuels is always posting notices about the progress of the project on the board outside his door.He wants to make sure his team knows where they are in the process and what more needs to be done.Mr.Samuels is most likely a ________ leader.
A) relationship-oriented
B) task-oriented C) communal
D) transformational
Q3) Deindividuation is a feeling of anonymity that often results in A) social facilitation.
B) impulsive, deviant acts.
C) prosocial behaviors.
D) psychogenic illness.
Q4) Compare and contrast deindividuation and social loafing.
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Chapter 10: Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast social exchange theory and operant conditioning.
Q2) Western cultures see ________ as the basis for marriage, while Eastern cultures see ________ as the basis for marriage.
A) mutual economic benefit; spiritual love
B) romantic love; similarities in social standing of families
C) romantic love; spiritual love
D) mutual economic benefit; similarities in social standing of families
Q3) Genetic fitness isn't unimportant to women.When are women most likely to demonstrate a preference for males who have symmetrical faces, a muscular physique, and a masculine face?
A)in the morning
B)after midnight
C)when ovulating
D)when least fertile
Q4) An evolutionary psychologist would be most likely to base theories on
A) laboratory experiments.
B) observations of social roles.
C) cultural variations.
D) natural selection.
Page 12
Q5) In what sense is the concept of romantic love culture-specific?
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Chapter 11: Prosocial Behavior: Why Do People Help
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Q1) You are trying to convince your friend Alexandria to donate her time and money to your favorite charitable cause.If you wanted to use the "feel bad; do good" idea to persuade her to help, you would
A) point out all the rewards associated with such charity work.
B) remind her of the last time she let you down, then ask her to help.
C) put her in a good mood before you asked her to help.
D) point out all the things you will do to minimize inconvenience to her.
Q2) A number of studies have revealed that doing well on a test, receiving a gift, and listening to pleasant music can increase helping.These consistent findings across investigations suggest that there is a ________ relation between ________ and helping.
A) negative; self-attention
B) positive; rewards
C) negative; positive mood
D) positive; positive mood
Q3) Describe what "positive psychology" is, and discuss its relationship to the field of social psychology.
Q4) Some social psychologists, such as C.Daniel Batson (1991), believe that humans sometimes help for selfless reasons.According to Batson, when does this happen?
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Chapter 12: Aggression: Why Do We Hurt Other People Can
We Prevent It
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Sample Questions
Q1) You woke up late and are far behind at work.When you reach the end of your rope, you treat your secretary with hostility and disrespect.This mistreatment causes you to experience dissonance, which you are most likely to reduce by
A) apologizing to the secretary and bringing him back flowers from your lunch break.
B) thinking about all the irresponsible or inept things he's ever done.
C) revising your self-concept, resigning yourself to acting capriciously mean.
D) engaging in self-verification by "confessing" your bad behavior to a colleague.
Q2) Teresa watches a lot of TV every day.Based on research presented in your text, how is Teresa most likely to view the world?
A) It is a safe place.
B) She probably lives in a fantasy world.
C) She views the world accurately.
D) She probably is overly fearful of being attacked.
Q3) Explain what a "culture of honor" is, its origin, and how being raised in a culture of honor can influence aggression.
Q4) Explain the nature of the gender differences in aggression in humans.
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Chapter 13: Prejudice: Causes Consequences and Cures
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recall that Sherif and his colleagues (1951) created conflict between two groups of boys in a summer camp.Once in-group cohesiveness was established, they set up a series of competitive situations such as tug-of-war and other competitive games.Conflict between the two groups escalated.Sherif and his colleagues were only successful in reducing conflict and hostility when A) they brought the groups together in neutral situations. B) leaders endorsed a truce between the two rival groups. C) they constructed situations that fostered mutual interdependence. D) groups were punished for behaving with hostility.
Q2) Juliet is Jewish, and is going on a date with a Catholic."Just don't bring up abortion-you know all Catholics are pro-life," cautions her sister.Juliet's sister is exhibiting the bias known as A) in-group favoritism. B) out-group derogation. C) discrimination.
D) out-group homogeneity.
Q3) Describe how the jigsaw classroom technique fosters cooperation and interdependence in the cooperative classroom.
Q4) What is stereotype threat, why does it arise, and what are the consequences?
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Chapter 14: Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research has demonstrated that experiences, more than possessions, bring us happiness.Why?
A)Experiences allow us to gather resources to achieve additional possessions later.
B)Doing things keeps us busy, and therefore happier.
C)Having experiences prevents us from being self-aware.
D)Experiences connect us with other people, and allow us to express ourselves.
Q2) A college wants to reduce traffic and congestion on campus, while at the same time reducing carbon emissions.Based on research presented in this chapter, which of the following approaches would most likely be successful?
A)Put up signs near the parking decks asking people to only drive on the days they absolutely must.
B)Do nothing.The students' behavior cannot be modified.
C)Asking the students to think about and plan how to get around campus on foot or a bicycle, and to submit those plans to the student newspaper in writing.
D)Put a flyer on each car that comes on campus, asking them to consider not driving anymore that day.
Q3) What is the role of money in determining how happy a person will be?
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Social Psychology and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who is most likely to ask for social support when it is needed?
A) Sora.He is Japanese.
B) Jihun.He is Korean.
C) Alekso.He is Finnish.
D) Bai.He is Chinese.
Q2) Sora is participating in research similar to the research presented in the text.He has been exposed to the virus that causes the common cold and he has been given six assignments to be completed in the next two days.If his results replicate the previous research findings reported in your text, what will happen to Sora?
A) He will complete the assignments on time and not get sick.
B) He will get sick.
C) He will quit the research.
D) He will be too stressed out to sleep.
Q3) Explain what is meant by internal and external locus of control.Then, imagine that a person is in a car accident.How would someone with an internal locus of control explain it? How would someone with an external locus of control explain the same event?
Q4) Given daily and even more major life stressors, explain how people tend to respond.
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17
Chapter 16: Social Psychology and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is out of place?
A) selective attention
B) storage
C) retrieval
D) acquisition
Q2) All things being equal, which of the following suspects is most likely to be falsely convicted based on lineup identifications?
A) Tim, who is in line with foils who do not resemble witnesses' descriptions
B) Alana, who is allowed to speak during the lineup procedure
C) Wesley, who has just seen the witness refuse to pick a suspect in a previous lineup
D) Eunice, who heard the police say, "Now, the suspect may not be in this lineup"
Q3) The process whereby information obtained after an event alters memories of the event is known as
A) reconstructive memory.
B) unconscious transference.
C) selective memory.
D) node integration.
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