Human Behavior
Exam Materials
Course Introduction
Human Behavior is a comprehensive course that explores the psychological, social, and biological factors influencing how individuals think, feel, and act. Through the examination of key theories, case studies, and empirical research, students gain insight into the complexity of human actions in various contexts, including personal relationships, group dynamics, and organizational settings. The course covers foundational topics such as motivation, learning, personality development, socialization, perception, and group interaction, helping students to critically analyze the underlying causes and consequences of human behavior.
Recommended Textbook
Experience Psychology 2nd Edition by Laura King
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14 Chapters
1427 Verified Questions
1427 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ is about making sure experimental and control groups are equivalent,and _____ is about selecting participants from a population so that the sample is representative of that population.
A) Internalization/Externalization
B) External validity/internal validity
C) A random sample/a random assignment
D) A random assignment/a random sample
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following statements is false?
A) A theory gains credibility when the related hypotheses turn out to be true.
B) A hypothesis is logically derived from a theory.
C) Every theory generates only one hypothesis.
D) A hypothesis is a testable prediction.
Answer: C
Q3) Demand characteristics can threaten the _____ of a study.
A) meta-analysis
B) hypothesis
C) internal validity
D) external validity
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The Brain and Behavior
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112 Verified Questions
112 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mark Johnson,a doctor in Dallas,prescribed an antidepressant drug Prozac to his patient,Ted.Prozac works by increasing brain levels of serotonin.This means that Prozac is considered _____.
A) an agonist
B) an antagonist
C) a hormone stimulant
D) an oxytocin
Answer: A
Q2) Which of the following organs are involved in men's and women's sexual development and reproduction?
A) Testes and ovaries
B) Adrenal glands
C) Pituitary glands
D) Pancreas
Answer: A
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Chapter 3: Sensation and Perception
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100 Verified Questions
100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary function of the _____ is to collect sounds and channel them into the inner ear.
A) cochlea
B) pinna
C) cilia
D) basilar membrane
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following is true of sensation?
A) Sensory receptors are specialized cells that are not selective.
B) Chemoreception helps in the detection of light, perceived as sight.
C) Synaesthesia describes an experience in which one sense induces an experience in the same sense.
D) Sensory receptors are the openings through which the brain and nervous system experience the world.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: States of Consciousness
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the definition of a binge drinking episode?
A) More than 2 drinks in a row
B) More than 5 drinks in a row
C) More than 4 drinks in a row
D) More than 3 drinks in a row
Q2) _____ is a subjective state of being conscious of what is going on,whereas _____ is a physiological state of being engaged with the environment.
A) Arousal/awareness
B) Awareness/arousal
C) Arousal/alertness
D) Alertness/arousal
Q3) What part of the brain is typically most involved in awareness?
A) Amygdala
B) Hypothalamus
C) Cerebellum
D) Prefrontal cortex
Q4) Why do we sleep? What role does sleep play in influencing our psychological and physical health?
Q5) Define the five levels of awareness and give an example of each.
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Chapter 5: Learning
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109 Verified Questions
109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bubba,a very smart German shepherd,has learned that if he barks at the neighbors while they're grilling,they will throw him a candy.However,his owner Paul,does not want Bubba to eat candy as it is not good for his health.He does not allow Bubba to eat candies from the neighbor.When Paul is in the yard,Bubba never barks at the neighbors.According to operant conditioning principles,Bubba is demonstrating that he can _____.
A) generalize
B) substitute secondary reinforcers when primary reinforcers are not available
C) learn a partial-reinforcement schedule
D) discriminate
Q2) In the experiment with little Albert conducted by Watson and Rayner,_____ was used as an unconditional response for conditioning Albert to fear a white rat.
A) fire
B) a loud noise
C) the researcher
D) a sealskin coat
Q3) Patricia wants to decrease the frequency of her teenage daughter's misbehavior.Give examples of positive and negative punishment techniques Patricia might consider in order to encourage her daughter to behave properly.
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Memory
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100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Elsa is studying for her psychology exam with the TV on in the background.Research on the effects of divided attention suggests that watching TV while studying will _____ Elsa's exam performance.
A) slightly increase
B) strongly increase
C) decrease
D) have no effect on
Q2) A person's knowledge about the world is known as _____ memory.
A) episodic
B) autobiographical
C) procedural
D) semantic
Q3) The adage most appropriate to memory function and aging is _____.
A) "Use it or lose it"
B) "Better late than never"
C) "A little goes a long way"
D) "Seize the moment"
Q4) Describe Baddeley's view of the three components of working memory.
Q5) Compare and contrast the short-term memory system with the working memory system.
8
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Chapter 7: Thinking, intelligence, and Language
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ may help us to generalize,whereas _____ may help us accomplish a goal.
A) Problem solving/concepts
B) Concepts/problem solving
C) Algorithms/artificial intelligence (AI)
D) Artificial intelligence (AI)/algorithms
Q2) _____ is the tendency to report falsely,after the fact,that we accurately predicted an outcome.It is sometimes referred to as the "I knew it all along effect."
A) Hindsight bias
B) Confirmation bias
C) Selection bias
D) Intervention bias
Q3) Infinite generativity refers to _____.
A) the ability to learn more than one language
B) the ability to make unlimited decisions
C) the ability to produce an unlimited number of rules
D) the ability to create unlimited numbers of meaningful sentences
Q4) Discuss the distinction between inductive and deductive reasoning and give an example of each.
Q5) How does convergent thinking differ from divergent thinking?
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Chapter 8: Human Development
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of Piaget's stages of cognitive development is characterized by egocentric thought?
A) Sensorimotor
B) Preoperational
C) Concrete operational
D) Post-conventional
Q2) Which of the following is true with regard to development?
A) Development requires that we take into account the contributions of a person's biological inheritance without considering the environment.
B) Development is the product of nature, nurture, and the complex interaction of the two.
C) All development involves growth, not decline.
D) Understanding development requires that we take into account the contributions of the environment alone.
Q3) _____ refers to a person's ability to recover from or adapt to difficult times.
A) Rigidity
B) Assimilation
C) Resilience
D) Innatism
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Chapter 9: Motivation
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100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Marsha does a good job because she knows her performance will result in a bonus if she meets her goals.Georgia does a good job because she feels a sense of accomplishment when she meets her goals.Both women do the same kind of work.Who is most likely to perform better?
A) Marsha is most likely to perform better.
B) Georgia is most likely to perform better.
C) They both perform equally well.
D) Marsha is more likely to perform better but also more bored with her work.
Q2) Resilient individuals are _____ in their approach to life.
A) energetic
B) apathetic
C) rigid
D) pessimistic
Q3) Explain the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation.
Q4) Identify and rank the five needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Q5) One technique for engaging in positive self-reflection is to _____.
A) keep a gratitude journal
B) explicitly focus on trying to be happier
C) avoid failure
D) acquire new possessions
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Shawn graduated from college with honors and approaches most aspects of life with the expectation that he will be successful.He expects a great deal of himself and sets his goals high.After his interview for a job in the most prestigious company in his state,he was convinced that he would get the job.You could say that he _____.
A) has a strong external locus of control
B) displays low self-efficacy
C) has a strong tendency to be conceited
D) displays high self-efficacy
Q2) Self-report personality measures _____.
A) rely on a professional's diagnosis or opinion
B) ask the test taker to interpret ambiguous stimuli
C) are based on behavioral observation
D) directly ask the test-taker to respond to statements about himself or herself.
Q3) Trait theories of personality _____.
A) state that situational factors override personal characteristics
B) focus on the role of the unconscious
C) take a more optimistic view of human nature than humanistic psychologists do D) examine personal characteristics that are stable across situations
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Chapter 11: Social Psychology
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109 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) _____ refers to the tendency to take credit for one's own successes and to deny responsibility for one's own failures.
A) Positive illusion
B) Learned helplessness
C) Self-serving bias
D) Stereotyping
Q2) Aggression is associated with low levels of which neurotransmitter?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Norepinephrine
D) GABA
Q3) Approximately _____ of the participants in Milgram's obedience experiment administered the maximum 450-volt shock to the victim.
A) one-fourth
B) one-third
C) two-thirds
D) three-fourths
Q4) Define Festinger's concept of cognitive dissonance.How can dissonance be reduced?
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Chapter 12: Psychological Disorders
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90 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jacqueline has been in relentless pursuit of thinness for the past six months.She has been starving herself to reach this goal.Jacqueline is exhibiting symptoms of _____.
A) binge eating disorder
B) anorexia nervosa
C) bulimia nervosa
D) bipolar disorder
Q2) Learned helplessness and pessimistic attributional styles are two ways of understanding the _____ factors associated with depression.
A) bipolar
B) psychological
C) sociocultural
D) biological
Q3) _____ are recurrent thoughts,whereas _____ are recurrent behaviors.
A) Compulsions/obsessions
B) Obsessions/compulsions
C) Delusions/hallucinations
D) Hallucinations/delusions
Q4) What do psychologists believe is the etiology of generalized anxiety disorder?
Q5) Describe the characteristics of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
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Chapter 13: Therapies
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100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When working with a psychotherapy client who is from a different culture,Dr.Johnson uses her knowledge of the person's culture and ethnicity in working with the client,but is careful not to over-generalize and blindly apply her stereotypes.Which of the following labels best describes Dr.Johnson?
A) Dr. Johnson appears to be culturally insensitive.
B) Dr. Johnson appears to be culturally skilled.
C) Dr. Johnson appears to be ethnically diverse.
D) Dr. Johnson appears to be an eclectic therapist.
Q2) Describe client-centered therapy.
Q3) _____ therapy is based on the assumption that abnormal behavior is due to faulty ways of thinking and believing.
A) Humanistic
B) Cognitive
C) Gestalt
D) Psychoanalytic
Q4) Explain the process of Beck's cognitive therapy.
Q5) Explain the process of well-being therapy.
Q6) Discuss six potential benefits of group therapy.
Q7) Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of e-therapy or cyber-therapy.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Health Psychology
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100 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Andrea was just fired from a job she really loved.You are her best friend so you try to offer her all the support that she needs.Giving Andrea a hug when she is down and telling her that you will "be there for her" is an example of _____ support,whereas loaning her money and telling her that she can stay with you until she finds another job is an example of _____ support.
A) tangible/emotional
B) emotional/tangible
C) psychological/physical
D) physical/psychological
Q2) Which of the following statements would be most typical of someone in the preparation/determination stage of change?
A) "Problem? What problem? I don't have a problem."
B) "I am going to focus on learning new alternative healthy behaviors that will replace the old unhealthy ones."
C) "I know that my behavior is problematic, but I'm just not ready to change it yet."
D) "I'm going to do something about this problem, starting first thing next week."
Q3) Describe the three primary benefits or functions of social support.
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