History of Western Civilization Exam Questions
Course Introduction
History of Western Civilization provides a comprehensive overview of the social, political, economic, and cultural developments that have shaped Western societies from ancient times to the present. The course explores foundational periods such as Ancient Greece and Rome, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, and the modern era, highlighting key events, influential figures, and transformative ideas. Students will analyze primary and secondary sources to understand the evolution of Western institutions and values, their global interactions, and their lasting impact on contemporary society.
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The Humanistic Tradition The Early Modern World to the Present 7th Edition Volume II by Gloria K.
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Page 2
Chapter 20: The Catholic Reformation and the Baroque Style
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Q1) ________ richly orchestrated polychoral compositions initiated the concertato style that would become a major feature of baroque music.
A)Michelangelo's
B)Bernini's
C)Gabrieli's
D)Palestrina's
Q2) How was the spirit of Catholic reform expressed in literature and art?
Q3) ________ anticipated the baroque style by its figural distortions,irrational space,bizarre colors,and general disregard for the "rules" of Renaissance painting.
A)Mannerism
B)Impressionism
C)Dadaism
D)Romanticism
Q4) Discuss the significance of opera as a reflection of the baroque spirit.
Q5) Discuss the Jesuits and their role in the Catholic Church of this era.
Q6) Compare those features shared by baroque art and music.
Q7) Explain the rise of mannerism and the baroque style.
Page 3
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Chapter 21: Absolute Power and the Aristocratic Style
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Q1) Describe Louis XIV's Versailles in terms of a symbol of royal absolutism and an expression of the Classical baroque style.
Q2) François de La Rochefoucauld wrote ________ that reflect the self-interest,hypocrisy,and greed of human beings-including and especially the aristocrats of his day.
A)song lyrics
B)sonnets
C)maxims
D)moody dramas
Q3) Discuss how the aristocratic style manifested itself in areas beyond the West: in Ottoman Turkey,Safavid Persia,and Mogul India.
Q4) The French tragedian Jean Racine added unity-of-place to ________'s unities of action and time.
A)Pythagoras
B)Aristotle
C)Euripides
D)Agamemnon
Q5) Compare the aristocratic styles in Europe and China,as illustrated in Versailles and the Forbidden City.
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Chapter 22: The Baroque in the Protestant North
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Q1) Queen Elizabeth of England was unmarried,bore no sons,and was the last ruler of her direct family line.Which of the following families assumed the English throne upon Elizabeth's death in 1603?
A)Plantagenet
B)Stuart
C)Windsor
D)Hanover
Q2) The musical genre in which a long sacred or epic text is performed in concert by a narrator,soloists,chorus,and orchestra is called
A)operA.
B)oratorio.
C)tone poem.
D)All these answers are correct.
Q3) Which of the following was the official religion of the emerging Dutch Republic?
A)Anabaptist
B)Lutheran
C)Calvinism
D)Roman Catholic
Q4) Discuss the role of the Bible in the arts of the seventeenth century.
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Chapter 23: The Scientific Revolution and the New Learning
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Q1) ________ formulated the law of falling bodies and used the telescope to confirm empirically the previously theoretical model of a heliocentric universe.
A)René Descartes
B)John Locke
C)Francis Bacon
D)Galileo
Q2) Which of the following was NOT one of the three main types of musical composition in the seventeenth century,as mentioned in the text?
A)sonata
B)minuet
C)suite
D)concerto
Q3) Which of the following was the famous seventeenth-century Dutch painter and camera obscura user who only produced some forty canvases in his career?
A)Goya
B)Reuben
C)Rembrandt
D)Vermeer
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Chapter 24: The Enlightenment
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Q1) The producing editor of the Encyclopédie was which of the following?
A)John Locke
B)Thomas Hobbes
C)Adam Smith
D)Diderot
Q2) Which of the following best describes the general philosophical mood of those writers of the seventeenth century interested in social progress?
A)optimistic
B)militaristic
C)alarmed
D)unfocused
Q3) Which of the following is the name of the early type of fictional portrayals of contemporary life in written form?
A)novellas
B)treaties
C)histories
D)memoirs
Q4) Outline the development of the novel form of literature.
Q5) Describe the views of John Locke on duties of a government to its people.
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Chapter 25: The Limits of Reason
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Q1) Questioning the value of reason for the advancement of the human condition,________ argued that society itself corrupted humankind.
A)Kant
B)Voltaire
C)Rousseau
D)Hogarth
Q2) James Watt,a Scotsman,invented which of the following in 1775?
A)the power loom
B)the steam engine
C)the cotton gin
D)the Bessemer process
Q3) Which of the following was one of the Enlightenment's most outspoken critics?
A)Kant
B)Voltaire
C)Rousseau
D)Hogarth
Q4) Discuss the original purpose and the nature of transatlantic slave trade.
Q5) Explain the role of satire as a literary instrument for attacking false values.
Q6) Examine the revolt against reason in the writings of Rousseau and Kant in a short essay.
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Chapter 26: Eighteenth-Century Art,music,and Society
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Q1) Describe Neoclassicism as a vehicle for noble idealism and authority in Western art.
Q2) Describe the aspects of Neoclassical architecture of the era and give examples of any buildings you can recall having this style.
Q3) Which of the following painting masters began his or her career painting theatrical backdrops?
A)Watteau
B)Clodion
C)Vigée-Lebrun
D)Fragonard
Q4) Highlight the major developments in eighteenth-century music: the birth of the orchestra and new forms of Classical composition.
Q5) Both Mozart and Beethoven studied at different times with which of the following composers?
A)Haydn
B)J.S.Bach
C)Handel
D)Brahms
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Chapter 27: The Romantic View of Nature
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Q1) While the theory of ________ displaced human beings from their elevated place in the hierarchy of living creatures,it advanced the idea of the unity of nature and humankind.
A)natural selection
B)deism
C)divine creation
D)parallel development
Q2) Examine attitudes toward nature in Asian culture and Native American culture.
Q3) Exalting the natural landscape as the source of sublime inspiration and moral truth,Wordsworth and his English contemporaries initiated the ________ movement.
A)Romantic
B)baroque
C)Enlightenment
D)Progressive
Q4) Define the European Romantic poets and explain their attitudes towards nature.
Q5) Detail the intellectual contributions of Hegel and Darwin.
Q6) Discuss transcendentalism and other views of nature in nineteenth-century America.
Q7) Chronicle the rise of the Romantic landscape in Western art.
Page 10
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Chapter 28: The Romantic Hero
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Q1) The beginning of Faust is a scene in which God is making a wager with which of the following?
A)Jesus
B)Satan
C)Gabriel
D)Adam and Eve
Q2) The act of exalting the sovereign state above all else is called which of the following?
A)xenophobia
B)bicameralism
C)nationalism
D)fascism
Q3) Which of the following was the final exile location for Napoleon I?
A)St.Helena
B)Devil's Island
C)Elba
D)Madagascar
Q4) Write a brief essay on the extraordinary career of Napoleon and his influence on the art world of his day.
Q5) Explain the role and influence of nationalism on nineteenth-century culture.
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Chapter 29: The Romantic Style in Art and Music
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Q1) Rumored by contemporaries that he had made a pact with the Devil for his musical abilities,________ refused to publish his own work,which he alone would perform.
A)Beethoven
B)Mozart
C)Paganini
D)Chopin
Q2) The Royal Pavilion at Brighton,England remains the quintessential example of which of the following architectural styles?
A)Baroque
B)Exoticism
C)Rococo
D)Gothic
Q3) By far,the most popular musical instrument in nineteenth-century Europe was which of the following?
A)the trumpet
B)the piano
C)the lute
D)the bassoon
Q4) List the major trends in nineteenth-century architecture.
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Chapter 30: Industry,Empire,and the Realist Style
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Q1) ________ is a social theory forwarded by Jeremy Bentham,stating governments should work to secure the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people.
A)Liberalism
B)Conservatism
C)Utilitarianism
D)Socialism
Q2) Society should operate entirely in the interest of the needs of the people,communally and cooperatively,rather than competitively,according to which of the following?
A)liberalism
B)conservatism
C)utilitarianism
D)socialism
Q3) Which of the following early social theories was firmly based in the ideals of the Enlightenment?
A)liberalism
B)conservatism
C)utilitarianism
D)socialism
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Page 13
Chapter 31: The Move Toward Modernism
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Q1) Describe Symbolism and Impressionism as styles in the arts of the West.
Q2) Discuss the impact of science and technology on late nineteenth-century culture.
Q3) Symbolist poets,such as Paul Verlaine and Arthur Rimbaud,devised a language of ________ that evoked (rather than described)feeling.
A)simple and general signs
B)sensation
C)numbers
D)natural sounds
Q4) The ________ tried to record an instantaneous vision of their world,sacrificing the details of perceived objects in order to capture the effects of light and atmosphere.
A)Romantics
B)Realists
C)Impressionists
D)Mannerists
Q5) Explain how postimpressionism reflects the art-for-art's-sake spirit.
Q6) List some of the major figures of late nineteenth-century philosophy and literature,and their importance.
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Chapter 32: The Modernist Assault
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Q1) Which of the following was the principle founder of the Bauhaus?
A)Le Corbusier
B)Wright
C)Sullivan
D)Gropius
Q2) The Russians Kandinsky and Malevich,and the Dutchman Mondrian were all pioneers of which of the following artistic movements?
A)nonobjective art
B)abstraction
C)assemblage
D)futurism
Q3) At the forefront of the modernist revolution in poetry stood the American expatriate ________,who studied the literatures of many peoples in the East and West.
A)Sanders
B)Frost
C)Tennyson
D)Pound
Q4) Describe the imagist movement in early twentieth-century poetry.
Q5) Discuss antitraditional forms of expression in music and dance.
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Chapter 33: The Freudian Revolution
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Q1) Which of the following is the minimalist poet famous for odd punctuation and refusing to capitalize his name in print?
A)Proust
B)Kafka
C)Joyce
D)Cummings
Q2) Which of the following Irish expatriates popularized the literary interior monologue and stream-of-consciousness writing?
A)Proust
B)Kafka
C)Joyce
D)Cummings
Q3) One of modernism's most distinctive movements,________ was devoted to giving physical expression to the workings of the unconscious mind.
A)surrealism
B)realistic Fantasia
C)performance art
D)assemblage
Q4) Explain the basic theories of Freud and Freudian psychoanalysis.
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Chapter 34: Total War,Totalitarianism,and the Arts
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Q1) A full 80 percent of the casualties of WWI were from which of the following technological developments?
A)the land mine
B)the canon
C)mustard gas
D)the automatic machine gun
Q2) Which of the following writers immortalized the WWI Allied offensive in Italy in A Farewell to Arms?
A)Twain
B)Hemingway
C)Remarque
D)Eliot
Q3) The Central Powers alliance of the First World War did NOT include which of the following?
A)Austria-Hungary
B)Germany
C)the Ottoman Empire
D)Serbia
Q4) Discuss the historical significance and consequences of World War I.
Q5) Discuss the historical significance and consequences of World War II.
Page 17
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Chapter 35: The Quest for Meaning
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Q1) The first "hot war" of the cold war era was fought in which of the following countries?
A)Korea
B)Germany
C)Spain
D)Vietnam
Q2) Describe the postwar cultural boom in America.
Q3) Which of the following was one of the few famous American representative painters from the period covered in the chapter?
A)Segal
B)Giacometti
C)Hopper
D)Bergman
Q4) Which of the following was the first important style of painting originating in the United States rather than Europe?
A)mannerism
B)cubism
C)existentialism
D)abstract Expressionism
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Chapter 36: Liberation and Equality
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Q1) Between 1920 and 1940,the quest for racial equality and a search for self-identity among African-Americans inspired the ________,an upsurge of creative expression in the arts centered in a part of Manhattan occupied largely by African-Americans.
A)Nation of Islam
B)Great Migration
C)Harlem Renaissance
D)Niagara Conference
Q2) One of the earliest revolts against colonial rule took place against the British Empire in
A)IndiA.
B)Pakistan.
C)Bangladesh.
D)Australia.
Q3) Apartheid was the system of strict racial segregation that prevailed legally in ________ until 1994.
A)India
B)South Africa
C)Honduras
D)Afghanistan
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Chapter 37: The Information Age
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Q1) ________,the quintessential style of the information age,embraced the imagery of consumerism and celebrity culture as mediated by television,film,and magazines.
A)Abstraction
B)Neoclassicism
C)Op art
D)Pop art
Q2) The oversized paintings of ________,modeled on comic-book cartoons,bring attention to familiar clichés and stereotypes of popular entertainment.
A)Oldenburg
B)Lichtenstein
C)Johns
D)Warhol
Q3) The proponents of ________ find that universal patterns underlie the seemingly random operations of nature.
A)deist theory
B)superstring theory
C)string theory
D)chaos theory
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Chapter 38: Globalism
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Q1) Probably the greatest single threat to the global community is ________,the deliberate and systematic use of violence against civilians in order to achieve political,religious,or ideological goals.
A)terrorism
B)pacification
C)sabotage
D)exploitation
Q2) Perhaps the most intriguing computer-driven form of interactive art is ________,a technology that allows the user to interact with a computer-simulated environment.
A)object-oriented design
B)the matrix
C)virtual reality
D)computer-aided design (CAD)
Q3) Reflect on the impact of globalism on ethnic identity.
Q4) Describe how technology has changed the fields of architecture and music in the late twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
Q5) Describe the work of E.O.Wilson and its influence on the arts.
Q6) Explain the dominance of globalism in the contemporary arts.
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