Higher Order Thinking Skills
Final Exam
Course Introduction
This course explores the development and application of higher order thinking skills, including analysis, evaluation, synthesis, and problem-solving. Students will learn critical and creative thinking strategies to approach complex issues, interpret information from multiple perspectives, and formulate well-reasoned arguments. Through interactive activities, case studies, and reflective exercises, the course aims to enhance cognitive abilities beyond basic comprehension and memorization, preparing students to think independently, make informed decisions, and address real-world challenges effectively.
Recommended Textbook Critical Thinking 11th Edition by Brooke Noel Moore
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12 Chapters
1520 Verified Questions
1520 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Critical Thinking,anyway
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the main point or issue in the following passage,and decide whether the rest of the passage offers reasons for the main point (such as,whether the passage contains an argument),whether it illustrates (provides examples for)the main point,whether it explains the point,is irrelevant to the point,and so on.
"Luckily,most decisions can be reassessed.Even decisions that seem monumental can often be altered.Suppose you decided to live off campus because it offered more privacy and independence as well as a change from campus residential living.However,you discovered that your expenses were greater,you didn't like to cook for yourself,and you got lonely.Or suppose you chose to major in nursing because you thought you would always be able to find a job in that career.But halfway through your coursework,you found you didn't like science,practicum labs interfered with your family time,and the sight of blood made you ill."
-D.G.Longman et al. ,Strategic Thinking and Reading
First sentence states main point;the remainder provides examples of (and thus evidence for)the main point.
Answer: First sentence states main point;the remainder provides examples of (and thus evidence for)the main point.
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Chapter 2: Two Kinds of Reasoning
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70 Verified Questions
70 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Arguments whose premises are intended to provide some support but less than absolutely conclusive support for the conclusion are _________.
Answer: inductive
Q2) Supply a general principle that,assuming it is true,makes the following into a relatively strong inductive argument: I'd bet the TV doesn't work right.Josh was messing with it.
Answer: When people mess with TVs,the TVs usually don't work right.
Q3) Identify the following passage as containing an argument,two arguments,or no argument;if it contains an argument,identify the conclusion(s);and,if it contains two arguments,indicate which argument is the principal argument. "Hey,see that bald dude over there? You know how old that guy is? He's my teacher." "I dunno,fifty,maybe."
"He's not fifty,he's almost seventy."
"Must eat a lot of Grow Pup."
"I guess! He's a good teacher,too.He really communicates.Makes you remember stuff.I forget now what the course was...."
Answer: Argument;the conclusion is that he's a good teacher.
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Clear Thinking,critical Thinking,and Clear Writing
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345 Verified Questions
345 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Using a name or description of an item that you can't point to,provide a definition by example for "dictator." If you have difficulty doing so,try to identify the source of the trouble.
Answer: Our suggestion: Hitler.
Q2) Exercise:Are you familiar with the word,"mettle"? Provide a definition.If the term is unfamiliar,make a guess about its meaning based on its appearance or sound,and create your own definition.Then look the word up,and find out how close you got.(We provide a thumbnail meaning as answer. )
Answer: Courage.
Q3) Classify the following definition according to its use:to reduce vagueness,to introduce or explain a new or unusual word,to evoke an attitude about something,or to accomplish some other purpose.
Energy-efficient house:a house that,at a minimum,has no teenagers.
Answer: To amuse.
Q4) Criticize the following claim based on the material from Chapter 3 of the text.
MAN IS FATALLY SLAIN-headline sent from Bangs Tapscott
Answer: Another instance in which stating the obvious makes you look silly.
Q5) For "hunter," provide an analytical definition that is unflattering.
Answer: Our suggestion: a person who murders animals.
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Chapter 4: Credibility
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101 Verified Questions
101 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Assess the following as probably true,as probably false,as requiring further documentation before judgment,or as a claim that cannot properly be evaluated.Consider both the nature of the claim and the source. "[Bybon,a Greek of the sixth century b.c.] threw a 315-pound block of red sandstone over his head.The feat was reported after archeologists found a description of Bybon's act inscribed on the rock itself."
-The Book of Lists
Q2) Assess the following as probably true,as probably false,as requiring further documentation before judgment,or as a claim that cannot properly be evaluated.Consider both the nature of the claim and the source. Barack Obama is a citizen of both the United States and the Republic of Kenya. -an online article run in August,2008,by the Rocky Mountain News
Q3) You should assume that the claims made by others are false unless you have some specific reason to believe otherwise.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In a brief essay,discuss the conditions under which it is reasonable to regard an eyewitness account as credible.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Rhetoric,the Art of Persuasion
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Isolate and discuss the rhetorical devices that appear in the following passage: Handguns are made only for the purpose of killing people.
Q2) Isolate and discuss the rhetorical devices that appear in the following passage: If the governor is so dedicated to civil rights,why is it that the black citizens of this state are worse off now than when he took office?
Q3) Isolate and discuss the rhetorical devices that appear in the following passage: From a letter to the editor:"In Sacramento,money talks,which is why our politicians kowtow to the local developers.So much for voting for honest people whose primary concern should be people,not money." -Sacramento Bee
Q4) Isolate and discuss the rhetorical devices that appear in the following passage: In March 1997,thirty-nine members of the so-called Heaven's Gate cult committed suicide in Rancho Santa Fe,California.The event was connected with the Hale-Bopp comet,which was at that time making its brightest appearance to observers on earth.The cultists believed a spaceship following the comet would "take them away" from earthly matters,provided they had undergone sufficient "spiritual metamorphosis."
Q5) Provide a critical assessment of the following comparative general claim: Reading novels is a more productive use of one's time than going to movies.
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Chapter 6: Relevance Red Herringfallacies
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163 Verified Questions
163 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or,where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text,by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue. "Listen,Higgins.I need your vote in the next department election or I may not get elected chair.Remember,if I do get elected,it will be me who decides what hours your classes meet next year."
Q2) Identify any fallacies in the following passage either by naming them or,where they seem not to conform to any of the patterns described in the text,by giving a brief explanation of why the fallacious reasoning is irrelevant to the point at issue. You bet I'll explain why FantasyLand [an adult bookstore] should be closed down! You go in there,and we'll send your license plate number to the newspaper.You going to like people knowing what kind of stuff you read?
Q3) Identify any fallacies in the following passage. "This offer good for a short time only!"
Q4) Identify any fallacies in the following passage. "She is trustworthy;after all,she swears she is,and you can't doubt that."
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Induction Fallacies
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage. "There's no unemployment in this country.I had no problem finding a job."
Q2) Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage. Bill bought one of those Burn-Rite wood stoves last year,and it smoked up his house all winter.Those stoves are not worth the high prices they get for them.
Q3) Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage. "Hey,it works! After I sprinkled Arm and Hammer around the sink,the ants disappeared."
Q4) Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage. first bicycle rider:How come when we coast downhill you always go so much faster than I?
second bicycle rider:Because I'm heavier.Heavier things fall faster. third bicycle rider:Wait a minute.I thought that was what Galileo proved wrong. second bicycle rider:C'mon! That's only common sense.Heavy things are bound to fall faster.Just look at how fast I coast-and I'm the heaviest.
Q5) Identify the type of fallacy in the following passage. "People who play bingo twice a week live on average seven years longer than people who stay at home.Playing bingo can lengthen your life."
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Formal Fallacies and Fallacies of Language
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32 Verified Questions
32 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage. Every event is caused;therefore the sum total of events is caused.
Q2) Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage. Oh-oh! The alarm went off! We must have a burglar.
Q3) Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage. All German Shepherds are dogs,and some dogs are not trained to attack people.Therefore some German Shepherds are not trained to attack people.
Q4) Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage. There was not one exercise in Don's program that should have caused him back pain.So I can't see how his back trouble is the result of his exercise program.
Q5) Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage. The average family has two-and-a-half children.The Hansons,next door,are an average family,so they must have two-and-a-half children.I don't know,maybe a stepson or something.
Q6) Identify any formal fallacies or fallacies of language in the following passage. The last four races have been won by horses whose jockeys were wearing pink.I think there's something about colors going on here-I'd bet on whatever horse has a jockey in pink for the next race.
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Chapter 9: Deductive Arguments I Categorical Logic
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66 Verified Questions
66 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Translate the following into a standard-form categorical claim:Mr.Ashcroft isn't at home.
Q2) Translate the following into a standard-form categorical claim:Not every gambler is a criminal.
Q3) Determine whether the following argument is valid by using either the diagram method or the rules of the syllogism. Some early Christians were rationalists. All early Gnostics were rationalists. So,some early Gnostics were Christians.
Q4) Translate the following into a standard-form categorical claim:There's nobody here except me.
Q5) Translate the following into a standard-form categorical claim:Not all savings institutions are banks.
Q6) Translate the following into a standard-form categorical claim:If it's a gigantosaurus,then it's bigger than a tyrannosaurus rex.
Q7) Translate the following into a standard-form categorical claim:Many Democrats are conservative.
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Chapter 10: Deductive Arguments Ii Truth-Functional Logic
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85 Verified Questions
85 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Determine whether the following symbolized argument is valid or invalid.If invalid,provide a counterexample;if valid,construct a deduction.
(P \(\rarr\) T)& S
S \(\rarr\) T \(\rarr\) R)
~R/\(\therefore\) ~T
Q2) Using the letters provided below,symbolize this claim:"Wildlife will be threatened if either agricultural production is increased or pesticide use is continued."
W = Wildlife are (or will be)threatened.
A = Agricultural production is increased.
P = The use of pesticides is continued.
Q3) Use the short truth-table method to determine whether the following is valid or invalid:
P \(\rarr\) Q
~Q v R
~(R & ~S)
~P/\(\therefore\) ~S
Q4) Determine whether the following is valid or invalid: It's time to leave when they start putting up the chairs,as they're doing right now.
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Page 12
Chapter 11: Inductive Reasoning
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170 Verified Questions
170 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Evaluate the following argument in accordance with the criteria discussed in the text. February 2 is Groundhog Day.If the groundhog sees his shadow,there'll be six more weeks of winter.If he doesn't,spring is right around the corner.
Q2) Evaluate the following analogical argument: Prostitution is legal in the Netherlands,and it doesn't seem to produce any terrible societal problems.I'll bet it would be the same in the United States.
Q3) Evaluate the following argument in accordance with the criteria discussed in the text.
The car usually makes it over the hills between here and the lake without any trouble.The only time it makes any trouble is when we have to pull the boat and trailer;they must make too heavy a load for the car's small engine.
Q4) When we generalize from a sample,we draw a conclusion A)about a sample based on a population. B)about a population based on a sample. C)about an attribute of interest based on a population.
Q5) Evaluate the following analogical argument: I like Fuji apples;I'll bet Fuji pears are good too.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Moral,legal,and Aesthetic Reasoning
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145 Verified Questions
145 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value;or no value at all.
The carpenter did an excellent job of remodeling the kitchen.
Q2) For the following,try to come up with an additional premise that will turn the passage into a deductively valid or an inductively strong argument.Usually this requires adding a general moral principle and,sometimes,an extra nonmoral claim as well.The idea is to guarantee that the "ought" claim follows from the "is" claim.
I think Martin's pushing his children into dangerous sports like football and motocross racing is immoral.
Q3) State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value;or no value at all.
The program Sam wrote for finding repeating decimals works wonderfully,and it's only thirty-five lines long-that's real elegance.
Q4) State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value;or no value at all.
Jim ought to learn to take his hat off when he's in someone else's home.
Q5) Evaluate the issue of human cloning from the utilitarian consequentialist viewpoint.
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Page 14