Health Care Systems and Policy in Nursing Test Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides an in-depth exploration of health care systems and the policies that shape their structure, delivery, and outcomes, with a specific focus on implications for nursing practice. Students examine the organization, financing, and regulation of health care at the local, national, and global levels, as well as the role of governmental and non-governmental agencies. Key concepts include health care reform, access to care, quality improvement, and ethical and legal considerations. The course also emphasizes the nurses role as an advocate and leader in health policy development, implementation, and evaluation, preparing students to influence and adapt to the evolving health care environment.
Recommended Textbook
Professional Nursing Concepts and Challenges 7th Edition by Beth Black RN MSN PhD
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16 Chapters
415 Verified Questions
415 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Nursing Today: A Time of Transformation
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18 Verified Questions
18 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What has been found about the outcomes of patients cared for in hospitals with a higher percentage of BSN-prepared nurses as compared to patients in hospitals with a lower percentage of BSN-prepared nurses?
A) Patient outcomes are more dependent on nurse-patient ratios.
B) Outcomes were better in hospitals with more BSN-prepared nurses.
C) Outcomes were similar in both types of hospitals.
D) Medical patients had better outcomes, but surgical patients fared the same.
Answer: B
Q2) The major benefit of serving as a military nurse is
A) broader responsibilities and scope of practice than civilian nurses.
B) working with entirely baccalaureate-prepared peers on active duty.
C) serving as an officer on active duty or in the reserves.
D) the financial support to seek advanced degrees
Answer: D
Q3) NPs are advanced practice nurses who
A) are required to have physician collaboration or supervision.
B) function under a set of universal advanced practitioner laws.
C) cannot receive direct reimbursement for their services.
D) can diagnose and treat common and chronic conditions.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: The History and Social Context of Nursing
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31 Verified Questions
31 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Who was the first educated African-American professional nurse?
A) Linda Richards
B) Phoebe Pember
C) Sojourner Truth
D) Mary Eliza Mahoney
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following was an unsuccessful attempt by the American Medical Association (AMA) to alleviate the nursing shortage of the time?
A) Creation of the nurse manager position
B) Creation of the registered care technician
C) Recruitment of RNs from English-speaking countries
D) Redistribution of qualified nurses to certain geographic locations
Answer: B
Q3) To which early nursing leader is attributed the founding of the American Red Cross?
A) Clara Barton
B) Dorothea Dix
C) Florence Nightingale
D) Lavinia Lloyd Dock
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Nursing's Pathway to Professionalism
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15 Verified Questions
15 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the nurse's Code of Ethics, the hallmark of nursing practice is A) autonomy.
B) accountability.
C) evidence-based practice.
D) altruism.
Answer: B
Q2) A major challenge to full autonomy for nurses is/are
A) state nurse practice acts.
B) lobbyists for the American Medical Association (AMA) and hospital associations.
C) the status of nurses in hospital hierarchy.
D) the view of physicians as the gatekeepers in health care.
Answer: B
Q3) Similarities exist between various ideas about what constitutes a profession. Which of the following is believed to be a characteristic of a profession?
A) Members have autonomy.
B) Members are trained on the job.
C) Members are motivated primarily by financial reward.
D) The group lacks a code of ethics.
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Legal Aspects of Nursing
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29 Verified Questions
29 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nurse receives reports on the following patients at the beginning of the shift. Which of the following care activities could be delegated to a nursing assistant? (Select all that apply.)
A) Ambulating a patient who had an emergency appendectomy 8 hours ago, has stable vital signs, and needs to ambulate for the second time
B) Assisting a patient who was in an automobile accident and whose right arm and leg are in traction with bathing
C) Feeding a patient recovering from a stroke resulting in difficulty holding a spoon
D) Taking vital signs, including blood pressure, for a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes and a history of hypertension
E) Measuring a bed-bound patient's pressure ulcer and assessing the patient's risk for skin breakdown when turning the patient
Q2) Which of the following is an example of civil law?
A) Possession of marijuana
B) Assault and battery
C) Giving alcohol to a minor
D) Child custody case
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Chapter 5: Ethics: Basic Concepts for Nursing Practice
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22 Verified Questions
22 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Respecting an elderly woman's decision to stay in her own home is based on a belief in the ethical principle of A) justice.
B) autonomy.
C) nonmaleficence.
D) death with dignity.
Q2) The current emphasis on eliminating racially based health disparities is based on which of the following ethical principles?
A) Double effect
B) Fidelity
C) Justice
D) Veracity
Q3) Gilligan's theory on moral development differed from Kohlberg's theory because Gilligan considered which population not addressed by Kohlberg?
A) Children
B) Men
C) Women
D) Adolescents
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Chapter 6: Becoming a Nurse: Defining Nursing and
Socialization into Professional Practice
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24 Verified Questions
24 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nursing student says to the clinical faculty, "I know I will be able to care for this patient given your directions." In which stage of Cohen's model of professional socialization is this student?
A) Stage I: Unilateral dependence
B) Stage II: Negativity/independence
C) Stage III: Dependence/mutuality
D) Stage IV: Interdependence
Q2) Which of the following is an example of Orem's self-care theory?
A) Assuring proper fresh air and ventilation
B) Demonstrating good handwashing techniques
C) Assisting a disoriented patient with a bath
D) Performing a visual screening exam
Q3) Which early nursing theorist defined nursing in interpersonal terms by stating that nursing is a significant, therapeutic, and interpersonal process?
A) Virginia Henderson
B) Hildegard Peplau
C) Martha Rogers
D) Dorothea Orem
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Chapter 7: The Education of Nurses: On the Leading Edge of Transformation
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24 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Florence Nightingale established a school of nursing based on which of the following innovative principles? (Select all that apply.)
A) The nursing school should be affiliated with a teaching hospital but independent of it.
B) Professional nurses should be paid for their instruction in the school.
C) Students should be selected to create a diverse student body.
D) The curriculum should include theory and practical experience.
E) Nurses should be trained in privately funded educational institutions.
Q2) In 2004, the AACN proposed a new doctoral degree, the doctor of nursing practice (DNP). What is the focus of the DNP degree in nursing?
A) Nursing research
B) Nursing quality improvement
C) Advanced clinical practice
D) Nursing theory development
Q3) The earliest type of formal nursing education program was the A) diploma program.
B) associate degree program.
C) bachelor's degree program.
D) grandfathered acceptance as registered nurse (RN).
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Chapter 8: Critical Thinking, the Nursing Process, and Clinical Judgment
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33 Verified Questions
33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is an appropriate long-term goal to measure diabetes control for a patient in whom diabetes has been newly diagnosed?
A) Patient will inject insulin twice daily.
B) Patient will keep appointments with physician over the next 6 months.
C) Patient's A1c will be 5% at 1 year postdiagnosis.
D) Patient's recorded blood glucose will be between 60 and 120 mg/dL each day.
Q2) The nurse observes a patient lying rigidly in bed and taking shallow breaths. The patient reports a pain score of 4 out of 5 and says, "My leg hurts." The nurse determines that the objective and subjective data are
A) incongruent and require more assessment.
B) insufficient to make any conclusions.
C) congruent and support that the patient is in pain.
D) unclear; the nurse needs to talk to the patient's family for more information.
Q3) Which of the following is considered objective data obtained from the patient?
A) "I can't catch my breath."
B) Patient expresses concern about missing work.
C) Patient nods, indicating an affirmative answer to a question.
D) Blood pressure is 110/70 at 8 PM.
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Chapter 9: Communication and Collaboration in Nursing
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41 Verified Questions
41 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which behaviors help patients develop trust in the nurse?
A) Answering questions with authority
B) Sharing personal information to indicate openness
C) Conveying acceptance of the patient and a nonjudgmental attitude
D) Meeting with the patient spontaneously because that indicates caring
Q2) The nurse says to a newly diagnosed diabetic patient, "I will be working with you during your 3-day stay to help you practice insulin injections and to review your new diet. I'm wondering if we could find a time of day to begin the teaching sessions that is good for us." This conversation would occur in which phase of the nurse-patient relationship?
A) Acquaintance phase
B) Orientation phase
C) Working phase
D) Termination phase
Q3) Collaboration in health care settings involves
A) professionals respected for their unique knowledge and abilities.
B) professionals educated in a collaborative model of education.
C) recognition of individual professional accomplishments.
D) a multitiered system hierarchy.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Illness, Culture, and Caring: Impact on
Families, and Nurses
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30 Verified Questions
30 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which illness has the characteristics of a chronic illness?
A) Lupus
B) Bronchitis
C) Chicken Pox
D) Gastroenteritis
Q2) Nurses can best help patients deal with stress by
A) helping patients eliminate all stress from their lives.
B) helping patients communicate their stress better to friends and family.
C) helping patients evaluate their lifestyles for areas of potential stress.
D) intervening in the family system to reduce family stress.
Q3) A patient diagnosed with breast cancer responded by gathering information about treatment options and becoming involved in a self-help group. The nurse assesses that the patient is demonstrating which personality characteristic?
A) Independence
B) Hardiness
C) Self-control
D) Tolerance
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Page 12
Chapter 11: The Science of Nursing and Evidence-Based Practice
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21 Verified Questions
21 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To build the body of knowledge of nursing, a problem amenable to study should be
A) able to ensure participants that the intervention is a "good idea."
B) based on published research findings and fit logically with what is already known.
C) an original area of study never researched previously.
D) able to produce results that are applicable to a variety of situations.
Q2) A nurse wants to examine the accuracy of child and parent perceptions of asthma symptoms and their decision making based on their understanding of the symptoms. What specific factors would identify participants? (Select all that apply.)
A) Children 5 to 18 years of age
B) Mothers of the children
C) Children with a history of pneumonia
D) Families living in rural areas
E) Ethnicity
Q3) Which of the following is not a necessary step in the research process?
A) Review of the literature
B) Review of best practice guidelines
C) Design of the study
D) Dissemination of results
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Chapter 12: Conceptual and Philosophical Bases of Nursing
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26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The nursing process is an example of which of the following branches of philosophy?
A) Aesthetics
B) Ethics
C) Epistemology
D) Logic
Q2) Which of the following is believed about the concept of locus of control?
A) Internally controlled people see themselves as responsible for their health and amenable to change.
B) Externally controlled people believe health is controlled by what they do.
C) Internally controlled people believe health is controlled by environmental factors.
D) Externally controlled people are not likely to change their health behaviors.
Q3) Who is credited with developing the theory on systems?
A) Rogers
B) Maslow
C) Rosenstock
D) von Bertalanffy
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Chapter 13: Nursing Theory: The Basis for Professional Nursing
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33 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nursing theory provides a foundation for theory-based practice and curriculum development. Which is a primary reason for incorporating theory into education?
A) Nursing theory helps nurses explain their practice to members of other disciplines.
B) Nursing theory helps transmit knowledge to new professional nurses.
C) Nursing theory contributes to professional autonomy, an important characteristic of all professions.
D) Nursing theory is taught as a guide to nursing practice and to teach students care within the unique perspective of nursing.
Q2) A nurse practitioner caring for a diabetic patient thinks the patient could gain better control of the diabetes if the patient lost weight. After assessing the patient's perception of weight loss, role, stresses, and support systems, the nurse and patient establish the goal of losing 5 pounds in a month. The nurse could be basing care on the conceptual model of
A) Johnson.
B) King.
C) Orem.
D) Roy.
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Chapter 14: Health Care in the United States
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36 Verified Questions
36 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse caring for a preoperative patient is told by the patient, "The doctor just had me sign a paper. I wish I knew what it was all about." The nurse goes to report this to the physician. The nursing role adopted by the nurse is
A) provider of care.
B) counselor.
C) change agent.
D) patient advocate.
Q2) Which of the following is a characteristic of the team model of nursing care delivery?
A) Each member of the team uses his or her abilities to the fullest in patient care.
B) Communication among the team saves time, so the model is cost-efficient.
C) Team nursing emphasizes holistic care for the patients and their families.
D) This model increases continuity of care for the patients.
Q3) Governmental agencies differ from voluntary agencies in which way?
A) Level of community served
B) Administrative structure
C) Funding source
D) How the profits are used
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Chapter 15: Political Activism in Nursing: Communities,
Organizations,
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Sample Questions
Q1) A nurse has registered to vote, voted in primary and regular elections, and participated in public forums related to budget reductions that could result in the reduction of the numbers of school nurses. The nurse is known as a
A) nurse citizen.
B) nurse activist.
C) nurse politician.
D) nurse clinician.
Q2) A nurse was appointed to a governing board of a governmental agency and then ran for an elective office. The nurse is known as a A) nurse citizen.
B) nurse activist.
C) nurse politician.
D) nurse clinician.
Q3) A nurse who lobbies state legislators to support a change in the scope of practice in nursing is engaging in A) power sharing.
B) setting policy.
C) politics.
D) legislative power.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Nursing's Challenge: The Call for Transformation
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true regarding the requirement that entry to nursing practice should require a bachelor's of science in nursing (BSN)?
A) With increased complexity in health care, this is being debated again.
B) This issue continues to divide the nursing profession.
C) The BSN will be required for practice in all 50 states by 2025.
D) The master's of science in nursing (MSN) will replace the BSN for bedside nurses.
E) The need for BSN-prepared nurses will decrease with increased unlicensed staff.
Q2) Which medical conditions can be linked to decreases in environmental quality? (Select all that apply.)
A) Chronic respiratory diseases
B) Allergies
C) Cancers
D) Mental illness
E) Inflammatory bowel disease
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