
Course Introduction
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Course Introduction
Feminist Psychology critically examines traditional psychological theories and practices through the lens of feminist thought, exploring how gender, power dynamics, and social structures influence mental health and human behavior. This course investigates the historical exclusion of women's experiences from mainstream psychology, introduces key feminist theories and methodologies, and analyzes issues such as identity, intersectionality, relationships, and social justice. Through case studies, current research, and class discussions, students gain a deeper understanding of how psychology can both challenge and reinforce systems of oppression, and how feminist perspectives can contribute to more inclusive and equitable psychological practices.
Recommended Textbook
Transformations Women Gender and Psychology 2nd Edition by Mary Crawford
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Q1) An example of a subtle sex bias in research would be
A)the failure of psychological journals to report the gender of participants.
B)emphasizing research on all-female samples cannot be generalized to men,but failing to do the same thing when all-male samples are used.
C)treating all-female samples as if they have limitations all-male samples do not.
D)All the above are correct.
Answer: D
Q2) Explain how and why sexism can and should be avoided in at least three of the following stages of the research process: question formulation,research design,data analysis,and interpretation and publication of results.
Answer: Answer will vary
Q3) Biases in the choice of research participants often include
A)relying on college student samples.
B)biases of age,social class,and developmental stage.
C)a tendency to study males and male issues more often than females and female issues.
D)All the above are correct.
Answer: D
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Q1) The self-fulfilling prophecy requires an interaction between two people.Briefly describe the social processes taking place.
Answer: The self-fulfilling prophecy is a social psychological concept that involves a prediction or expectation about a future event that influences the behavior of the individual in a way that ultimately causes the prediction to come true. In the context of an interaction between two people, the social processes taking place involve the initial formation of a belief or expectation by one person, which is then communicated to the other person through verbal or nonverbal cues. This communication of the expectation can influence the behavior of the other person, causing them to act in a way that aligns with the original belief or expectation. As a result, the initial prediction is reinforced and becomes a reality, thus fulfilling the prophecy. This process highlights the power of social influence and the impact of our beliefs and expectations on the behavior of others.
Q2) Lower-status people are most likely to initiate which type of touch?
A)handshakes
B)touching of the arm or shoulder
C)less intrusive touch
D)a and c
Answer: A
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Q1) Language has traditionally marked women as
A)available to be consumed by men.
B)property of men.
C)lower status than men.
D)All of the above are correct.
Answer: D
Q2) Which of the following is not a gender stereotype?
A)Women are more graceful than men.
B)Women are innately more qualified to take care of children than are men.
C)Men tend to be inherently physically bigger than women.
D)Men are better managers than women.
Answer: C
Q3) Stereotypes about men and women include which of the following?
A)Both men and women are seen as androgynous.
B)Men are seen as affective whereas women are seen as instrumental.
C)Men & women are both equally competent.
D)Women are seen as affective,whereas men are seen as instrumental.
Answer: D
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Q1) Researchers adhering to the differences tradition believe psychology and its theories have failed women by
A)focusing on the differences between men and women.
B)devaluing their strengths.
C)focusing too much on the similarities between men and women.
D)demonstrating how little autonomy most people really have.
Q2) __________ by men are often not labeled as emotionality.
A)Tears
B)Emotional displays
C)Narcissistic behaviors
D)All the above are correct.
Q3) What are display rules? Provide examples in your discussion.
Q4) The Japanese proverb "the nail that sticks up gets hammered down" means
A)people should not stand out or be different from everyone else.
B)the Japanese do not like sloppy workmanship.
C)those people who stand up for what they believe in will get what they need in life.
D)you might get hit if you disagree with someone.
Q5) Explain how women's supposed "emotionality" is actually strength rather than a weakness.
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Q1) One of each chromosome pair is composed of the X and Y chromosomes,which are the
A)sex chromosomes.
B)gender chromosomes.
C)emotionality chromosomes.
D)None of the above is correct.
Q2) The development of sexual and reproductive anatomy is complete at
A)2 to 4 weeks.
B)6 to 8 weeks.
C)9 to 10 weeks.
D)12 to 14 weeks.
Q3) Which of the following statements about biological sex is FALSE?
A)No one characteristic defines sex.
B)Sex is a cluster of biological attributes.
C)Sex is fixed at conception.
D)Sex develops gradually during prenatal development.
Q4) In cultures in which homosexuality is a strong taboo,third-sex people
A)are almost invariably persecuted.
B)are never persecuted.
C)may be accepted.
D)are expected to have sex-change surgery.
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Q1) Which of the following tendencies is a gender difference in play for children?
A)Boys play with violent video games and girls play with Barbie dolls.
B)Children avoid "opposite-gender" toys during preschool and elementary years.
C)Children express strong preferences for gender-typed toys.
D)All the above are correct.
Q2) In groups,girls tend to use ___________ while boys rely more on ____________.
A)persuasion,cooperation,and negotiation;competition and dominance
B)cooperation;persuasion,competition,and negotiation
C)competition and persuasion;dominance and negotiation
D)teasing and scapegoating;persuasion and negotiation
Q3) Social learning theory states people learn characteristic behavior patterns through the process of
A)habituation.
B)reinforcement.
C)teleology.
D)entropy.
Q4) What problems are associated with our society's absence of information and conspiracy of silence concerning menstruation?
Q5) If you were to decide to raise a child to be gender aschematic,how would you best go about it?
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Q1) Explain how traditional stereotypes are played out in heterosexual dating relationships.Provide examples in your discussion.
Q2) Female genital mutilation is recognized by the Amnesty International as A)a human rights issue.
B)a safe medical practice.
C)a valid cultural practice.
D)illegal.
Q3) Why don't teens use condoms consistently,despite the fact that they know about condom effectiveness for preventing pregnancy and STDs?
Q4) Sexuality,as described by Crawford,is
A)a biological drive that is instinctive to all human beings.
B)always the same in all cultures.
C)shaped by gender and culture.
D)based only on internal factors such as personality,preferences,values,etc.
Q5) Societal norms and expectations play an important role in women's conceptions of love.Discuss their specific impacts on women and relationships.
Q6) How do sexual scripts affect people's behaviors? How does culture play a role in these sexual scripts?
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Q1) Discuss the different forms of power found in marriages,as described by the text.
Q2) When there are power differences in a lesbian relationship,they are usually due to such things as one partner
A)having greater resources of money.
B)having greater resources of education.
C)being more committed than the other.
D)All the above are correct.
Q3) American women are marrying later because
A)goals beside being a wife and mother are more acceptable.
B)advances in contraception have made premarital sex less risky.
C)there is a shortage of marriageable men for some women.
D)All the above are correct.
Q4) One contributor to the rising divorce rates is many women
A)have become more argumentative as they have become more liberated.
B)find men will not tolerate the woman's desire for equality in the relationship.
C)have alternatives for economic survival other than dependence on a husband's income.
D)are marrying at an older age than in previous generations.
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Q1) The feminist concept of reproductive freedom includes
A)the belief having children is an individual choice.
B)the right to comprehensive and unbiased sex education.
C)access to safe and legal abortion.
D)all of the above.
Q2) Describe the Lamaze method and what its effects seem to be for mothers and fathers.
Q3) The Hyde Amendment prohibits use of federal money to pay for abortions,resulting in many poor women
A)carrying unwanted fetuses to term.
B)delaying abortions,and taking the risks associated with later abortions.
C)getting illegal abortions.
D)All the above are correct.
Q4) In contrast to more traditional times and cultures,in modern US culture,
A)children are more a financial liability than asset.
B)a high birthrate is necessary to insure some children survive to adulthood.
C)children are more likely to be expected to support parents financially in their old age.
D)None of the above is correct.
Q5) What is meant by the term "reproductive freedom?"
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Q1) Describe the effects of mentors and role models on women.Which would you rather have-a mentor or a role model? Explain your answer.
Q2) ___________ refers to the psychological effects of being faced with two or more sets of incompatible expectations or demands,while ___________ describes the difficulties of meeting these expectations.
A)Role conflict;role overload
B)Split-role conflict;performance pressure
C)Role neurosis;role regulation
D)Script-role conflict;role-script conflict
Q3) Much of the research investigating women's integration of work and family responsibilities has been biased because it has
A)not taken into account racial and ethnic differences.
B)been concentrated on the experiences of divorced women.
C)focused on the costs of multiple roles.
D)b and c
Q4) Why is it frequently difficult to see patterns of discrimination?
Q5) Discuss the costs and benefits of a two-person career for women.
Q6) Discuss some of the ways that sexism affects women's job satisfaction and achievement.
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Q1) Discuss positive aspects of growing older from a woman's perspective.
Q2) Studies of women's actual experiences with menopause suggest
A)most women do not find menopause particularly stressful.
B)many women perceive menopause as similar to a major illness.
C)older women find menopause more stressful than younger women do.
D)beliefs about menopause have changed dramatically in recent years.
Q3) Evelyn's father has had difficulty caring for himself since he had a stroke.She spends time with him and helps him around his house.It is likely Evelyn
A)reports doing more for him than she actually does.
B)experiences emotional strain related to care work.
C)is an only child.
D)All the above are correct.
Q4) Older women having weakness,lack of energy,and poor stamina
A)can "bounce back" only if they were athletic when they were younger.
B)often need to be told that this is a normal part of aging they must accept.
C)can improve strength,bone density,balance,and energy levels through exercise.
D)are typically not receiving the medications they need.
Q5) Describe the benefits of exercise for older people.What barriers exist to keep older people from engaging in exercise and sports?
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Q1) The effects of violent and nonviolent pornography __________ in __________ helps create a climate in which sexual aggression against women is normalized
A)are equivalent;either one
B)differ;nonviolent pornography
C)differ;violent pornography
D)are similar;neither one
Q2) One of the widely held set of myths and misconceptions about rape and rape victims in North America is:
A)women cannot prevent rape regardless of how badly they may want to.
B)rapists' unconscious motivations are those of power and not a drive for sex.
C)victims precipitate rape by looking seductive or sexy.
D)none of the above
Multiple Choice Questions
Q3) Describe the research on rape and sexual assault.How does it differ from stereotypes about sexual attacks?
Q4) How does language affect people's beliefs about and reactions to violence against women?
Q5) Talk about objectification,inequality,power differences,and/or other topics concerning this subject.
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Q1) Many feminist therapists believe men
A)can benefit from feminist therapy in many ways.
B)are the enemy and teach their clients this.
C)can benefit from conforming more closely with the traditional masculine gender role.
D)need to become more independent and assertive.
Q2) What is hysteria? Why is hysteria a biased diagnosis?
Q3) suggests women's tendency to dwell on their distress is related to A)obsessive-compulsive personality traits.
B)hormones.
C)inherited tendencies.
D)their subordinate social status.
Q4) The term "normal"
A)is relative.
B)refers exclusively to statistical probability.
C)is always in the context of comparison.
D)is an objective term referring to clinically significant syndromes.
Q5) Describe factors that can make it difficult for women of color to seek therapy.
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Q6) How have tranquilizers and sedatives been targeted at women?
Q7) What is the difference between feminist and nonsexist therapy?
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Q1) Describe the evidence that suggests that feminism still has work to do to be fully integrated into psychology.
Q2) All feminists recognize
A)women are the same the world over.
B)social change is unnecessary.
C)collective action is necessary.
D)All the above are correct.
Q3) How is feminism made into a "women's problem"? What problems does this attitude create?
Q4) Media images of second-wave feminists include A)"Amazons."
B)"wild bands of lesbians."
C)"braless bubbleheads."
D)All the above are correct.
Q5) Surveys of college women indicate
A)usually they were willing to label themselves as feminists.
B)most endorsed the goals of feminism but did not label themselves as feminists.
C)most endorsed the goals of feminism and labeled themselves as feminists.
D)major goals of feminism were not endorsed by most.
Q6) What issues face contemporary feminists?
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