European Civilization to 1600
Final Exam
Course Introduction
This course provides an in-depth exploration of European civilization from its ancient beginnings through the year 1600. Students will examine the development and transformation of European societies, cultures, and political systems, starting with the legacy of ancient Greece and Rome, moving through the Middle Ages, and concluding with the Renaissance and the dawn of the early modern era. The course will analyze significant themes such as feudalism, the rise of monarchies, religious transformations including the Reformation, encounters with the wider world, and the intellectual and artistic advances that shaped Europes path. Emphasis is placed on key historical events, influential figures, and the complex interactions between diverse groups and regions that contributed to the evolution of European civilization.
Recommended Textbook
Western Civilization A Brief History Volume I 11th Edition by Marvin Perry(check images and others
Available Study Resources on Quizplus
22 Chapters
1789 Verified Questions
1789 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1339
Page 2
Chapter 1: The Ancient Near East: the First Civilizations
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26697
Sample Questions
Q1) Which term is best associated with the "Wise Lord" or the god of light and justice?
A) Ahriman
B) Ma'at
C) Ahura Mazda
D) Isis
E) Osiris
Answer: C
Q2) The introduction of Indo-European people lead to the emergence of all of the following languages except
A) Greek
B) Latin
C) Magyar
D) Slavic
E) Sanskrit
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 3
Chapter 2: The Hebrews: a New View of God and the Individual
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
74 Verified Questions
74 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26698
Sample Questions
Q1) Saul
Answer: Saul was a significant figure in the Bible, particularly in the Old Testament. He was the first king of Israel, chosen by the prophet Samuel. Saul was from the tribe of Benjamin and was anointed as king around 1020 BC. He reigned for about 40 years, during a time of great conflict and transition for the nation of Israel.
Saul is important because he was the first king of Israel, and his reign marked a pivotal moment in the history of the Israelites. His story is significant for understanding the establishment of the monarchy in Israel and the complexities of leadership and faith. Despite his initial promise, Saul's reign was marked by disobedience and ultimately ended in tragedy. His life serves as a cautionary tale about the consequences of pride and disobedience.
Saul's story is found in the books of 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel in the Bible, and his legacy has had a lasting impact on the religious and cultural history of the Jewish and Christian faiths.
Q2) Israel
Answer: Answer not provided.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 4
Chapter 3: The Greeks: From Myth to Reason
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
95 Verified Questions
95 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26699
Sample Questions
Q1) Hippocrates
A) ascribed a divine origin to epilepsy.
B) treated epilepsy with "cupping."
C) denied that epilepsy was sacred or had a divine origin.
D) believed epilepsy was a contagious disease spread by mosquitoes.
E) supported the magical beliefs of the Near Easterners about epilepsy.
Answer: C
Q2) Which statement is not true of Alexandria
A) the city served as a commercial center with goods from the Mediterranean, East Africa, Arabia, and India
B) a city of possible a million with Egyptians, Persians, Macedonians, Greeks, and Jews
C) art and sculpture showed influence from many Near Eastern cultures
D) center of intellectual life which attracted poets, philosophers, and mathematicians
E) rejected the influence and spread of Hebrew writing
Answer: E
Q3) Aristotle
Answer: Answer not provided.
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 5
Chapter
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26700
Sample Questions
Q1) Horace
Q2) The term used by city officials frozen to their positions under emperors Diocletian and Constantine was
A) curiales.
B) princeps.
C) portico.
D) ostracon.
E) maximus.
Q3) Which of the following statement is TRUE in reference to slavery during the era of Pax Romana?
A) Slaves were freed if they served in the military.
B) Wars and foreign excursions actually decreased the number of slaves.
C) Children born to slave women and Roman citizens were put to death.
D) Freed slaves were forced to leave the city of Rome.
E) Laws were passed to protect slaves from cruel masters.
Q4) Aeneid
Q5) Livia
Q6) The author argues that the Romans greatest gift to Western Civilization was in the area of law. Explain what advancements the Romans made in the rule of law.
Page 6
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 5: Early Christianity: a World Religion
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26701
Sample Questions
Q1) Petra
Q2) Following the adoption of Christianity as the state religion of Rome
A) religious tolerance reigned.
B) persecution of pagans began.
C) pagans were given special protections.
D) Jews reacted with violence.
E) mystery religions were revived.
Q3) Synoptic Gospels
Q4) Edict of Milan
Q5) The Roman procurator that sentenced Jesus to death was
A) Trajan.
B) Pontius Pilate.
C) Marcus Aurelius.
D) Claudius.
E) Herod.
Q6) Discuss the impact of the message of Augustine to the Christian community.
Q7) Logos
Q8) Pharisees
Q9) Dead Sea Scrolls
Q10) Messiah Page 7
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 8
Chapter 6: The Rise of Europe: Fusion of Classical, Christian, and Germanic Traditions
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
89 Verified Questions
89 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26702
Sample Questions
Q1) Judging by the Domesday Book, which European monarch had the best knowledge of his kingdom's economic assets in the late eleventh century A.D.?
A) Louis IX of France
B) John of England
C) Henry IV of the Holy Roman Empire
D) William the Conqueror of England
E) Henry I
Q2) Who was responsible for the codification of the laws of ancient Rome?
A) Justinian
B) Theodoric
C) Boethius
D) Charlemagne
E) Constantine
Q3) Charles Martel
Q4) Besides just saving examples of Roman and Greek intellectual heritage, Boethius
A) tried to join faith and reason
B) recreated Socrates schools in Athens
C) stopped the spread of Christianity
D) rejected Christendom in favor of Islam
E) led Germanic armies into Greece to restore order
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 7: The Flowering and Dissolution of Medieval
Civilization
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26703
Sample Questions
Q1) Irnerius
Q2) During the High Middle Ages, the geocentric theory
A) refuted Aristotelian views.
B) offered basic geometry.
C) was accepted by the clergy.
D) proposed that mathematics was the basic language of the universe.
E) was based on the sun as the center of the universe.
Q3) By the "Thomistic synthesis" the author means
A) Duns Scotus's view of papal and monarchical power as complementary.
B) Thomas Aquinas's view of papal and monarchical power as complementary.
C) Duns Scotus's theology that integrated faith and reason.
D) Thomas Aquinas's theology that integrated faith and reason.
E) Thomas Aquinas's view that theology and philosophy are two separate areas of knowledge.
Q4) Trace the power of the papacy during this chapter with special focus on intellectual development, Babylonian Captivity, politics, and religious reform movements.
Q5) Crécy
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 10
Q6) How did medieval thought connect reason and religion within their view of the universe?
Chapter 8: Transition to the Modern Age: Renaissance and Reformation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
92 Verified Questions
92 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26704
Sample Questions
Q1) Petrarch was an advocate of an education that emphasized A) rhetoric and moral philosophy.
B) mathematics and science.
C) history and geography.
D) philosophy and architecture.
E) literature and grammar.
Q2) Jesuits
Q3) Sir Thomas More, in his Utopia, advanced the concept that
A) some poverty is inevitable.
B) an acquisitive society eventually achieves the just distribution of goods.
C) for a just society, private property must be abolished.
D) lawyers could help to design a just society.
E) private property was necessary for every society.
Q4) The agreement that decreed that each territorial prince should establish the religion of his subjects was
A) Peace of Augsburg
B) Edict of Nantes
C) Council of Trent
D) Diet of Worms
E) Congress of Vienna
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 11
Chapter 9: Political and Economic Transformation: National
States, Overseas Expansion, Commercial Revolution
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
84 Verified Questions
84 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26705
Sample Questions
Q1) The Spanish Empire in the sixteenth century was funded largely by A) loot from the Netherlands.
B) gold and silver from the New World colonies.
C) the development of iron-working and coal mining in Spain.
D) taxes on the slave trade.
E) the sugar and tobacco trade.
Q2) On a blank map of Europe, locate the following sites: the major Dutch urban centers of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Utrecht, and The Hague; the location where the Fronde occurred, Paris; the site where a Concordat was signed, Bologna; the place from which the Spanish Armada set sail, Lisbon; and finally Antwerp, which was sacked by Spanish soldiers.
Q3) enclosure
Q4) What was the price revolution and how did it alter Europe?
Q5) All of the following are true of Louis XIV's reign except
A) the nobility enjoyed prestige but little power
B) the monarch gained more power
C) the policies of Cardinal Richelieu were rejected in favor of greater liberality
D) The Palace of Versailles became the center of royal life
E) the Edict of Nantes was revoked
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 12
Chapter 10: Intellectual Transformation: the Scientific
Revolution and the Age of Enlightenment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26706
Sample Questions
Q1) Deism
Q2) It was natural that the Enlightenment would grow directly from the Scientific Revolution because of all of the following EXCEPT
A) the knowledge of nature was expanded.
B) laws that guided the natural world also are applied to the social world.
C) society's defects are examined according to study and experimentation?
D) deism had separated the spiritual and earthly worlds.
E) religion, government, law, morality and economics be reevaluated according to natural law?
Q3) Which political thinker would generally support a benevolent dictator?
A) Rousseau
B) Hobbes
C) Locke
D) Montesquieu
E) Thomas Paine
Q4) Inductive Approach
Q5) Aristotelian-Ptolemaic System
Q6) How did the Scientific Revolution cause a reorientation in Western thought?
Q7) epicycles
Q8) Montesquieu Page 13
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 14
Chapter 11: The Era of the French Revolution: Affirmation of Liberty and Equality
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
92 Verified Questions
92 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26707
Sample Questions
Q1) The san-culottes would have supported each of the following except the
A) increased wages, price controls on food supplies, and ending food shortages.
B) maintenance of the estate system.
C) redistribution of land to diminish economic inequality.
D) creation of a democratic republic.
E) higher taxes on the wealthy.
Q2) Discuss the circumstances that led to the Fall of Napoleon.
Q3) In what ways did the French state actually emerge strengthened from the French Revolution?
Q4) Which of the following is least accurate about the method of Napoleon's rule?
A) Napoleon did not succeed in centralizing the French government.
B) Napoleon's control of the press included oaths of obedience by printers.
C) Napoleon used education to indoctrinate the young in obedience and loyalty to him.
D) Napoleon intended to rule in an enlightened fashion.
E) Napoleon tried to close the breach between the state and the Catholic Church.
Q5) Jena
Q6) Island of Elba
Q7) Old Regime
Q8) Concordat of 1801
Page 15
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 16
Chapter 12: The Industrial Revolution: the Transformation of Society
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
79 Verified Questions
79 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26708
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following CORRECTLY describes the evolution of industrialism in Europe?
A) Britain possessed important and developed natural resources to begin the process to industrialism.
B) Invasion of Austria into France destroyed emerging industrialism.
C) Germany lacked the revenue to develop industrialism.
D) Italy concentrated its economy on foreign trade.
E) Americans provided Europe with sufficient manufactured goods, therefore discouraging industrial growth.
Q2) Feargus O'Connor
Q3) Mill towns grew up where machines could be powered by A) solar energy.
B) wind energy.
C) thermal energy.
D) oil.
E) water.
Q4) The Combination Acts (1799 1800)
Q5) What are the significant societal effects that occurred due to the Industrial Revolution?
Q6) John Kay
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 17
Chapter 13: Thought and Culture in the Early Nineteenth Century
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
82 Verified Questions
82 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26709
Sample Questions
Q1) Compare and contrast liberalism with conservatism.
Q2) Romantic art emphasized
A) photographic imitations of nature.
B) conscious and precise observations of a subject.
C) harmony between the human mind and the subject.
D) a non-religious attitude toward their art.
E) spontaneous and authentic expressions of the artist's feelings, fantasies and dreams.
Q3) According to the romantics, abstract and scientific knowledge are insufficient guides to knowledge because of all the following reasons EXCEPT
A) too much time is spent on establishing specific principles on nature.
B) romantics focus on human diversity and uniqueness.
C) romantics feel that individual needs to find and fulfill an inner self.
D) a person needs to play his own music and write his own poetry.
E) a person can survive by reason alone.
Q4) What is meant by the term conservatism? Why did the conservatives reject the French revolution?
Q5) What were the political views of Edmund Burke?
Q6) Lord Byron
Page 18
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 14: Surge of Liberalism and Nationalism:
Revolution, Counterrevolution, and Unification
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26710
Sample Questions
Q1) Count Camillo Benso di Cavour
Q2) Risorgimento
Q3) The original members of the Quadruple Alliance included all of the countries except
A) Russia
B) Austria
C) Prussia
D) Great Britain
E) Italy
Q4) In the December 1848 elections in France, all ____ could vote.
A) adults
B) adult males
C) adult males who paid taxes
D) adult males with more than 200 francs in net assets
E) adult males with property
Q5) Junkers
Q6) Franco-Prussian War
Q7) Young Italy
Page 19
Q8) How did Bismarck use war to further his plan for the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 20
Chapter 15: Thought and Culture in the Mid-Nineteenth
Century: Realism, Positivism, Darwinism, and Social
Criticism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
86 Verified Questions
86 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26711
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements would NOT be associated with Social Darwinists?
A) Failure was associated with inferior human hereditary endowments.
B) War is a biological necessity.
C) Humanity is divided into racial superiors and inferiors.
D) Anglo Saxon superiority supported imperialism
E) Biologically, Africans and Asiatics are equal to Europeans.
Q2) Realist writers and artists
A) focused on common people, laborers, and the downtrodden.
B) sought to minimize the emotions of their subjects.
C) focused on the natural world rather than on people.
D) valued emotional involvement with the subjects of their work.
E) focused on the bourgeoisie.
Q3) "law of the three stages"
Q4) Origin of the Species
Q5) Karl Marx
Q6) Émile Zola
Q7) Sarah Grimke
Page 21
Q9) Gustave Flaubert
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 22
Chapter 16: Europe in the Late Nineteenth Century:
Modernization, Nationalism, Imperialism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26712
Sample Questions
Q1) Dreyfus Affair
Q2) suffragette
Q3) Which of the following led to a revolution in Russia in the early twentieth century?
A) Defeat by China in the Sino-Russian war
B) Defeat by Japan in the Russo-Japanese War
C) Defeat at the Crimean War
D) Defeat by Germany in WWII
E) Defeat during the Thirty Years' War
Q4) The attitudes of the imperialists illustrated that they thought of themselves as superior to the peoples of other areas of the world. Offer some examples.
Q5) Which area was divided by Russia and Britain at the turn of the century?
A) Egypt
B) India
C) Korea
D) Turkey
E) Persia
Q6) Discuss the meaning of the following terms: colony, protectorate, spheres of influence, and extraterritoriality.
Page 23
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 17: Modern Consciousness: New Views of Nature,
Human Nature, and the Arts
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
78 Verified Questions
78 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26713
Sample Questions
Q1) One may associate which of the following with the works of Nietzsche?
A) Encouragement of a social policy
B) Buttress of Christian thinking
C) Concern for the average man
D) Concern with social community and social injustice
E) Perishing of the weak
Q2) Bergson may be best associated with
A) studying the id.
B) offering cultural studies of the nineteenth century.
C) being the first artist of the surrealist movement.
D) the idea that truth may be arrived at through rational criticism.
E) the idea that truth must be achieved by an intuitive experience.
Q3) Pareto may be associated with which of the following concepts?
A) Even in a so-called democracy, power rests with a few individuals.
B) In the crowd, the individual loses one's identity.
C) Modern man suffers from a "disenchantment of the world."
D) A utopian community in which all are equal and in which all share equally will be possible through education.
E) Democracy constitutes a rule by the people.
Q4) Albert Einstein
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 24
Chapter 18: World War I: the West in Despair
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26714
Sample Questions
Q1) In the years before World War I, tensions between Austria and Serbia were inflamed by
A) Serbia defeat at the hands of Germany during the Balkan Wars.
B) Austrian refusal to sell arms to Serbia.
C) a Russian attempt to open the Straits of Dardanelles by force.
D) Austria's annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina.
E) Austrian friendship with Russia.
Q2) Discuss trench warfare during World War I with particular reference to the Western Front.
Q3) The Provisional Government in Russia was most aligned with A) liberal-democrats.
B) Marxists.
C) monarchists.
D) anarchists.
E) Bolsheviks.
Q4) George Heym
Q5) Triple Alliance
Q6) Was Germany primarily responsible for the outbreak of World War I?
Q7) First Balkan War
Q8) Alsace and Lorraine
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 25
Chapter 19: An Era of Totalitarianism
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26715
Sample Questions
Q1) Bolshevik
Q2) George Orwell
Q3) D. H. Lawrence
Q4) Benito Mussolini
Q5) socialist realism
Q6) Lenin
Q7) Historians would agree that Mussolini
A) was determined to gain power legally.
B) gave in to party pressure of the ras and immediately abandoned the governmental institutions in Italy.
C) relied on the counsel of Matteotti.
D) succeeded because the liberal Italian government was weak.
E) was successful because King Victor Emmanuel III was in love with the Fascists.
Q8) Reinhold Niebuhr
Q9) First Five-Year Plan
Q10) Using arrows, designate on a map of Europe various sites of political disturbances during the 1920s: the Spartacist revolt, the Kapp Putsch, and the Beer Hall Putsch of 1923.
Q11) What are the distinctive features of a totalitarian state?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 26
Chapter 20: World War 2: Western Civilization in the Balance
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26716
Sample Questions
Q1) The German general in charge of forcing at the Battle of El Alamein was
A) Rudolf Hess
B) Hermann Georing
C) Friedrich Paulus
D) Erwin Rommel
E) Claus von Stauffenberg
Q2) What were the primary reasons for Hitler's string of successes early in the war?
Q3) Hiroshima-Nagasaki
Q4) Adolf Hitler's policy objectives included the destruction of the Versailles treaty, the conquest and colonization of Eastern Europe, and the A) domination and exploitation of racial inferiors.
B) destruction of the United States.
C) destruction of England.
D) destruction of Italy.
E) destruction of France.
Q5) Auschwitz
Q6) What types of resistance movements existed in Europe during World War II? Explain.
Page 27
Q7) Why did Nazi Germany lose World War II?
Q8) Danzig
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 28
Chapter 21: Europe After World War 2: Recovery and Realignment, 1945-1989
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
63 Verified Questions
63 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26717
Sample Questions
Q1) Nikita Khrushchev
Q2) The Truman Doctrine was the centerpiece of the new policy of A) consensus.
B) concentric.
C) containment.
D) co-operation.
E) contradiction.
Q3) What are some of anxieties felt in prosperous West European societies about the increasing power and reach of the European Union and about loss of identity in general?
Q4) Was Gorbachev trying to reform communism or end it? Explain.
Q5) Judging from the text, what were some of the reasons for the recovery of economic prosperity and political stability in Western Europe after World War II?
Q6) OPEC
Q7) European Community
Q8) Berlin Wall
Page 29
Q9) Most major historical events have multiple causes. Judging from the text, what were some of the causes of the collapse of the Soviet Union and the Communist party's monopoly on political power in 1991?
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 30
Chapter 22: The Troubled Present
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
55 Verified Questions
55 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/26718
Sample Questions
Q1) After unification, East Germans encountered all of the following problems and concerns EXCEPT
A) East German was required to apply for German citizenship after unification.
B) Most East Germans have had little experience with democracy.
C) Capitalism is confusing to many East Germans.
D) East Germans are more unemployed because of the closing of factories in the Eastern sector.
E) East Germans are more likely to react against immigrants who they consider to be outsiders.
Q2) Considering the problem with Islam and Muslim immigrants into Europe, discuss the modern mind-set, traditions, and history of both Western Europe and the Mid East that makes assimilation and acceptance so difficult.
Q3) Osama bin Laden
Q4) Slobodan Milosevic
Q5) Grozny
Q6) What role has international peace keepers played in the modern world? What are examples of successes and failures?
Q7) The Dayton Agreement
Q8) Tony Blair
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 31