Ethics in Counseling and Psychotherapy Exam Materials
Course Introduction
This course explores the ethical principles and standards that guide the practice of counseling and psychotherapy. Students will examine key topics such as confidentiality, professional boundaries, informed consent, cultural competence, and the therapist-client relationship. Through case studies and discussion, the course provides tools to identify and resolve ethical dilemmas and emphasizes the importance of adhering to legal and professional guidelines. The course also encourages critical reflection on personal values and how they influence ethical decision-making within diverse therapeutic contexts.
Recommended Textbook
Ethics in Counseling and Therapy Developing an Ethical Identity 1st Edition by
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16 Chapters
638 Verified Questions
638 Flashcards
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Page 2
Rick A. Houser
Chapter 1: Introduction
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40 Verified Questions
40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The guide on ethical decision making put forth by the ACA includes a discussion of ethical principles including,__________, justice, and fidelity.
A) charity
B) altruism
C) beneficence
D) benevolence
Answer: C
Q2) Ethics texts typically focus on ethical issues and give little attention to ethical ________ and decision making.
A) dilemmas
B) theories
C) predicaments
D) quandaries.
Answer: B
Q3) Counselors on a daily basis make decisions about clients that involve ethical decisions and potentially can harm the client and/or others.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Professional Identity and Ethics
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Kohlberg, the three levels of moral development include all but which:
A) Conventional level
B) Preconventional level
C) Conservative level
D) Postconventional level
Answer: C
Q2) This refers to an identity of belonging to a group.
A) Intragroup identity
B) Intergroup identity
C) Group membership
D) Individual identity
Answer: C
Q3) The inclusion of moral schemas and scripts provides a _____________way to understand the development of a professional ethical identity.
A) concrete
B) vague
C) general
D) ambiguous
Answer: A
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Awareness and Sensitivity to Ethical Issues
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40 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Traditionally, the processes involved with moral sensitivity were defined primarily as ___________ and were focused on how an individual consciously attends to the moral features of a situation.
A) cognitive
B) social
C) behavioral
D) psychological
Answer: A
Q2) Define "ethical sensitivity".
Answer: -Welfel and Kitchener (1992) noted that the first step in ethical action, "interpreting the situation as a moral one, involves the recognition that one's actions affect the welfare of another" (p. 179).
-Weaver, Morse, and Mitcham (2008) defined ethical sensitivity as "that which enables professionals to recognize, interpret and respond appropriately to concerns of those receiving professional services" (p. 607).
-Rest (1984) discussed ethical sensitivity in the following way: a person realizes that she/he could do something which would affect the interests, welfare, or expectations of other people.
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Chapter 4: Cognitions and Reasoninghermeneutics
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Sample Questions
Q1) This refers to the counselor's having the necessary awareness, knowledge, and skills to work with groups diverse in terms of race, disability, gender and so forth.
A) Multicultural competency
B) Racial competency
C) Gender competency
D) Ethnic competency
Q2) Those practicing in______ settings are faced with issues of dual relationships and have more frequent contact outside of counseling, such as in a grocery store or a health club.
A) suburban
B) rural
C) urban
D) metropolitan
Q3) Explain why autonomy is an important issue in ethical decision making for counselors.
Q4) Fusion of horizons is the integration of multiple horizons.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Give three examples of boundary issues.
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Chapter 5: Client Autonomy and Client Rights
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Sample Questions
Q1) Providing consent and informed consent prior to the ________ was based on an attempt to obtain compliance, not based on patient rights.
A) 1900s
B) 1800s
C) 1700s
D) 1600s
Q2) The first step of the empowerment process proposed by Cattaneo and Chapman is:
A) carrying out actions and movement toward goals
B) changing human interactions that promote power in relationships
C) the client sets meaningful power-focused goals
D) discussing client's wants/desires
Q3) When professionals obtain consent from children this is referred to as:
A) deal
B) assent
C) pact
D) agreement.
Q4) Describe beneficence and give examples.
Q5) Discuss autonomy as it relates to informed consent.
Q6) What is assent and how would you go about obtaining it?
Q7) What is fidelity and how does it relate to counseling?
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Chapter 6: Dual Relationships
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Sample Questions
Q1) Boundaries may include not just physical boundaries that are commonly associated with ethical violations such as sexual contact between counselor and client.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Counselor self-_________statements have been found to increase client perceptions of expertness and trustworthiness A) disclosing B) connecting C) involving D) relating
Q3) The ACA Code of Ethics does not provide insight and direction concerning dual relationships.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How do cognitive schemas impact the counseling process? Please provide an example.
Q5) Describe three types of touch that are appropriate for counseling.
Q6) Define dual relationships and give two examples.
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Chapter 7: Counselor Competence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Krishnamurthy et al. identified the key competencies in assessment. These include all but which:
A) a basic understanding of psychometric theory
B) case conceptualization
C) data collection
D) being able to sympathize with the client
Q2) What is assessment and how is it used in counseling?
Q3) The three key dimensions of counselor burnout include all but which:
A) overwhelming exhaustion
B) feelings of cynicism
C) detachment from the job
D) increased energy
Q4) The basic skills of communicating empathy require a connection with a client.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Counselors who have higher levels or ego development or feelings of self-efficacy report higher levels of counselor burnout/counselor fatigue syndrome.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 8: Diversity and Multicultural Competence
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39 Verified Questions
39 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss multiculturalism and include its relationship to diversity.
Q2) Diversity is defined as individual differences and group/social differences.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Rutter, Estrada, Ferguson, and Diggs (2008) noted that those who choose lesbian, gay, or bisexual as a sexual orientation have difficulty finding counseling services primarily due to lack of understanding by those who provide counseling services.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Recent surveys of Americans have found that _____% report belief in God.
A) 5
B) 30
C) 50
D) 95
Q5) Counselors are primarily ____________.
A) American Indian
B) African American
C) European American
D) Asian American
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Chapter 9: Use of Technology and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the key issues for online clients appears to be the lack of ____________.
A) rapport
B) empathy
C) nonverbal communication
D) sympathy
Q2) Speyer (2004) defined Internet therapy as "any type of professional therapeutic interaction that makes use of the Internet to connect qualified mental health professionals and their clients"
A)True
B)False
Q3) Describe the use of CAI programs.
Q4) The purpose of this act is to set up the Office of National Coordinator for Health Information Technology with the intent of coordinating the electronic use of patient health information.
A) Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009
B) Health Information Portability Act of 1996
C) Health Information Technology for Efficiency and Clinical Health Act of 2009
D) Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 1996
Q5) Compare and contrast the three methods of online counseling.
Q6) What is an EMR and what are the benefits of using it in counseling?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Supervision and Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Ronnestad and Skovholt identified six phases of counselor development. List and describe these phases.
Q2) There are several ethical and legal concerns that may place both the counselor and the supervisor at risk, for example, lawsuits or criminal charges.
A)True
B)False
Q3) There are a number of models of counselor supervision including all but which:
A) Social role models
B) Therapy based models
C) Stage models
D) Rogerian models
Q4) A significant change in this phase is the development of more of an inner-focused approach to evaluating and seeking effectiveness.
A) lay helper
B) novice professional
C) beginning student
D) advanced student
Q5) Describe in detail the second phase of Ronnestad and Skovholt's model.
Q6) Describe in detail the final phase of Ronnestad and Skovholt's model.
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Chapter 11: Ethical Use of Research in Counseling Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) One source of EBP reviews is the ___________ website.
A) Cochran Collaboration
B) Ellis Collaboration
C) Cohen Collaboration
D) Zeller Collaboration
Q2) EBP information (professional knowledge) is an element in the _______ethical decision-making model and needs to be considered when one is confronted with an ethical dilemma.
A) hermeneutic
B) structured
C) counseling
D) therapy
Q3) The fourth step in Mayer's EBP approach is:
A) evaluation of the study to determine its quality and use
B) identification of a study that most closely resembles the issue to be addressed and the evaluation of the outcomes achieved in the study.
C) assessment of how the study outcomes may be applied to the current issue.
D) identification of a question
Q4) Discuss the research described in your text on health-risk behavior.
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Chapter 12: Professional Codes of Ethics and the Law
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Sample Questions
Q1) This is commonly associated with the relationship between lawyers and clients, clergy and parishioners, and doctors and patients.
A) Confidentiality
B) Privileged communication
C) Secrecy
D) Privacy
Q2) What guidelines does the ACA Code of Ethics provide regarding working with clients who have HIV/AIDS?
Q3) It is estimated that mental health professionals submit ______ of dollars in fraudulent billing each year.
A) hundreds
B) thousands
C) millions
D) billions
Q4) Codes of ethics may are never in conflict with personal ethical values and ethical theories.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Compare and contrast criminal and civil law.
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Chapter 13: Western Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Anything that interferes with the sociability inclination is considered wrong.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The history of virtue ethics begins with the ancient _________philosophers.
A) Greek
B) Chinese
C) English
D) Asian
Q3) Some have identified a _________ influence on Greek thinking, and it may be more than a coincidence that these two models models have a similar focus on moral character and an interest in finding a compromise between extreme positions.
A) Chinese
B) Irish
C) English
D) Hispanic
Q4) Aristotelian philosophy and virtue ethics influenced the development of natural law.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Compare and contrast the ethical concepts for Virtue Ethics.
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Chapter 14: Eastern Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Hinduism is the oldest historically recorded philosophical view, dating back to 2500 BCE.
A) Hinduism
B) Taoism
C) Buddhism
D) Confucianism
Q2) Taoism is also known as:
A) Hinduism
B) Confucianism
C) Buddhism
D) Daoism
Q3) This is a set of considerations and actions one must take to achieve the middle way.
A) The Eightfold Path
B) The Twofold Path
C) The Fourfold Path
D) The Sixfold Path
Q4) Chinese consider Confucius the "second teacher".
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Middle Eastern Ethical Theories
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Sample Questions
Q1) Islam has a long history dating back more than ____ years.
A) 200
B) 400
C) 1,400
D) 20,000
Q2) Dorff (2000) noted the key foundation in Judaism and its ethics is a linkage between all but which:
A) friends
B) Individual
C) family
D) community
Q3) Muhammad governed what city:
A) Galilee
B) Mecca
C) Medina
D) Babylon
Q4) Islamic ethics is more of a moral relativism approach rather than an absolutism theory.
A)True
B)False
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Native American, Hispaniclatino, and African Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________is more closely associated with a cultural heritage from Spain.
A) Cuban
B) Puerto Rican
C) Hispanic
D) Latino
Q2) The major emphasis in Hispanic/Latino ethics is the emphasis on respect within the family, this is known as:
A) Familismo
B) Respeto
C) Simpatia
D) Masculinismo
Q3) There has been more than an 18% increase in Native American and Alaskan populations since 2000 and more than a 35% increase in Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander.
A)True
B)False
Q4) In Hispanic/Latino ethics, it is unusual for older children to take on parenting roles with younger children.
A)True
B)False
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