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Q1) The only accurate statement about consequentalism is:
A) Utilitarianism is a nonconsequentialist ethical theory.
B) Utilitarianism is an egoistic normative theory.
C) Consequentialism says that the moral rightness of an action is determined solely by its results.
D) Nonconsequentialists deny that consequences have any moral significance.
Answer: C
Q2) Explain one of the three criticisms of utilitarianism..
Answer: One of the criticisms of utilitarianism is that it can lead to the justification of actions that are morally wrong. This is because utilitarianism focuses on maximizing overall happiness or pleasure, and in doing so, it may overlook the rights and well-being of individuals. For example, in a situation where sacrificing the well-being of a minority group would result in greater overall happiness for the majority, a strict utilitarian approach would justify this sacrifice. Critics argue that this approach fails to consider the inherent value and rights of individuals, and can lead to unjust outcomes. This criticism highlights the potential for utilitarianism to prioritize the collective good at the expense of individual rights and justice.
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Chapter 3: Justice and Economic Distribution
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Q1) Eminent domain is the ancient right of government to take what from an individual?
A) food
B) clothing
C) liberties
D) property
Answer: D
Q2) According to Mill, to say that I have a right to something is to say that I have a valid claim on society to protect me in the possession of that thing, either by force of law or through education and opinion.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) According to Robert Nozick, the basic moral rights possessed by all human beings are both negative and natural.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: The Nature of Capitalism
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Q1) According to Adam Smith, individuals have natural endowments that should determine the kind of work they do.
A)True
B)False
Q2) According to one survey of cultural values
A) Americans value work more than Japanese do.
B) for Americans, only good health is more important than work.
C) Americans typically value things like their children's education and a satisfactory love life more than work.
D) Americans place no value on work, only on money.
Q3) Which of the following is an accurate statement?
A) Adam Smith defends capitalism by appealing to the idea of a natural, moral right to property.
B) Adam Smith denies that human beings are, by nature, acquisitive creatures.
C) common defense of capitalism is the argument that people have a fundamental moral right to property and that our capitalist system is simply the outcome of this natural right.
D) Utilitarians oppose capitalism in principle.
Q4) What are the five different historical forms of capitalism?
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Chapter 5: Corporations
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Q1) Most Americans believe a corporation's top obligation is to its A) nation.
B) stockholders.
C) community.
D) employees.
Q2) Most business observers agree with Berle and Means that, because stock ownership in large corporations is so dispersed, actual control of the corporation has passed to management.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Adam Smith proposed that in our pursuit of economic interests we are led by A) our gut instincts.
B) an invisible hand to promote general good.
C) the trends of the economy.
D) the moral compass within each of us.
Q4) According to law professor Christopher D. Stone, the relationship between corporate management and its shareholders is identical with the relationship between you and an investment advisor.
A)True
B)False
Page 7
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Chapter 8: The Workplace Basic Issues
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Q1) A job description describes the qualifications an employee needs, such as skills, educational experience, appearance, and physical attributes.
A)True
B)False
Q2) From the beginning, unions have been driven by an attempt to protect workers from abuses of power at the hands of employers.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Fair personnel policies and decisions must be based on criteria that are clear, job related, and
A) partial toward friends.
B) equally applied.
C) ignore personality.
D) minimize nepotism.
Q4) What's the difference between a direct strike and a sympathetic strike?
Q5) The reliability of a test refers to the quality of exhibiting a reasonable consistency in results obtained.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 11: Job Discrimination
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Q1) What are the two types of sexual harassment? When is behavior objectionable or offensive enough to constitute harassment?
Q2) Diversity in the workplace can be viewed as a competitive advantage.
A)True B)False
Q3) Male managers frequently assume that women
A) will not place family demands above work considerations. B) possess the necessary drive to succeed in business.
C) take negative feedback professionally rather than personally. D) are too emotional to be good managers.
Q4) Explain in your own words the pros and cons of this argument against affirmative action - "Affirmative action injures white men and violates their rights."
Q5) The terms "affirmative action" and "reverse discrimination" are synonymous. A)True B)False
Q6) What does Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act say?
Q7) Describe how and why sexual harassment is a determent to the workplace.
Q8) Explain specific steps to protect your workplace from the liability of sexual harassment by supervisors.
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