Ethical Decision Making in Business Pre-Test Questions
Course Introduction
Ethical Decision Making in Business explores the principles and frameworks that guide ethical behavior within organizations. The course examines the relationship between individual values, organizational culture, and societal expectations, focusing on real-world dilemmas faced by business professionals. Students will analyze case studies and apply ethical theories to evaluate and resolve complex issues related to corporate governance, social responsibility, and stakeholder interests. Emphasis is placed on critical thinking, ethical leadership, and the development of strategies for fostering integrity and accountability in business decision-making processes.
Recommended Textbook
Moral Issues in Business 13th Edition by
William H. Shaw
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11 Chapters
701 Verified Questions
701 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Nature of Morality
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If you do the right thing only because you think it will pay off, then you are truly motivated by moral concerns.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) One of the major characteristics of an organization is the shared acceptance of organizational rules by its members.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q3) An individual does not have to follow the code of one's profession.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Which of the following is one of the four broad categories of law?
A) statutes
B) constitutional law
C) common law
D) contractual law
Answer: D
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Normative Theories of Ethics
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Sample Questions
Q1) Human rights have at least four important characteristics. What are these characteristics of human rights?
Answer: The four important characteristics of human rights are universality, inalienability, indivisibility, and interdependence.
Universality means that human rights apply to all individuals, regardless of their nationality, race, religion, or any other characteristic. Inalienability means that human rights cannot be taken away or surrendered, as they are inherent to every person. Indivisibility refers to the interconnectedness of all human rights, meaning that the fulfillment of one right often depends on the fulfillment of others. Interdependence emphasizes the idea that all human rights are equally important and should be treated with the same level of respect and protection. These characteristics are essential in ensuring that human rights are upheld and respected for all individuals.
Q2) The rights guaranteed in the Bill of Rights are positive rights, not negative rights.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Justice and Economic Distribution
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Sample Questions
Q1) In association with labor and capital, Mill had contrasting views of A) freedom of speech.
B) farmers' markets profit.
C) welfare.
D) profit sharing.
Answer: D
Q2) The veil of ignorance proposes that
A) those in the original position are supposed to choose principles on the basis of self-interest, agreement seems unlikely.
B) one group would be supportive of another group benefiting even though the rules are different.
C) people are fully knowledgeable about themselves or situation allowing them to have a partial or biased point of view.
D) agreement is difficult to attain.
Answer: A
Q3) The United States leads the world in executive pay.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 5
Chapter 4: The Nature of Capitalism
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the difference between capitalism and socialism? What is "worker control socialism"?
Q2) Which statement creates the best picture of capitalism?
A) Industrial capitalism is characterized by pools, trusts, holding companies and an interpenetration of banking, insurance and industrial interests.
B) Mercantile capitalism emerged in the United States in the period directly following the civil war.
C) In state welfare capitalism the government plays an active role in regulating economic activities in an effort to smooth out the boom-and-bust pattern of the business cycle.
D) Financial capitalism developed in the period immediately prior to the Renaissance.
Q3) None of the specific measures proposed by Marx and Engels in the Communist Manifesto have been implemented in capitalist countries.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What reason is there for thinking that American manufacturing is declining?
Q5) What are the five different historical forms of capitalism?
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6
Chapter 5: Corporations
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Melvin Anshen, the case for a broad view of corporate responsibility can be defended on the basis of there always being a kind of social contract existing between business and society.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The narrow view of corporate social responsibility argues companies must make money within the "rules of the game" which rules out all of the following except for:
A) deception.
B) harm.
C) force.
D) fraud.
Q3) A common point of contention about corporations is
A) corporate punishment is no different from individual punishment.
B) modern corporations no longer utilize a CID structure.
C) philosophers and business theorists disagree whether corporations are moral agents.
D) if corporations are moral agents, then this relieves individual human beings of any moral responsibility.
Q4) What is the problem of "vanishing individual responsibility"?
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Chapter 6: Consumers
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Sample Questions
Q1) Before the case of MacPherson v. Buick Motor Car in 1916, the law based a manufacturer's liability for injuries due to a defective product on
A) the principle of strict liability.
B) the contractual relationship between the producer and the consumer.
C) the principle of the reasonable person.
D) whether or not the manufacturer exercised due care.
Q2) A psychological appeal is one that aims to persuade by appealing primarily to reason and not to human emotional needs.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Can advertisers create a need that is not really present? Does advertising have the power to drive consumption up? Provide your explanation of your position.
Q4) According to the legal doctrine of strict product liability,
A) the producer of a product is responsible for any injury the consumer suffers.
B) consumers must assume all risk whenever they buy a product.
C) product liability presupposes negligence by more than one party.
D) a manufacturer need not be negligent to be held liable for a defective product.
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Chapter 7: The Environment
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Sample Questions
Q1) One of the attitudes prevalent in business that has led to increased environmental problems is the tendency to view the natural world as a free and unlimited good.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The moral theorist William T. Blackstone claims that the right to a livable environment
A) would solve the problem of how to conserve resources.
B) prevents the use of government regulation to control the actions of business.
C) is a fundamental human right.
D) implies that non-human animals have no genuine moral rights.
Q3) Environmental protection is always a static trade-off, with a fixed economic price to be paid for the gains we want.
A)True
B)False
Q4) One truth about factory farms is
A) they rarely inflict any genuine suffering on animals.
B) they are larger than ever.
C) they are necessary to feed the world.
D) they are run by brutal people.
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Chapter 8: The Workplace Basic Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Unions employ two kinds of boycotts to enforce their demands. These two kinds of boycotts are
A) positive and negative.
B) corporate and private.
C) active and passive.
D) primary and secondary.
Q2) Summarize and explain the concept of the "living wage."
Q3) According to common-law, to legally terminate an employee, an employer
A) cannot have bad motives.
B) is obligated not to discriminate.
C) must have good cause.
D) can have any reason or no reason.
Q4) Since Congress passed the Americans With Disabilities Act in 1994
A) all disabled persons must be hired.
B) employers must make "reasonable accommodations" for disabled workers.
C) employees must try to "undo" their disabilities.
D) employers must be careful to "screen" out disabled persons.
Q5) What is the importance of the Taft-Hartley Act?
Q6) Groups of skilled artisans in the eighteenth century formed secret societies for two basic reasons. What are these two reasons?
Page 10
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Chapter 9: The Workplace Todays Challenges
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Sample Questions
Q1) An early 1970s government study ("Work in America") identified three chief sources of worker dissatisfaction. Which of the following is one of those sources?
A) industry's preoccupation with quality, not quantity
B) the rigidity of rules and regulations
C) the relatively small size of most U.S. corporations
D) mandatory drug testing programs used by many U.S. corporations
Q2) OSHA requires safeguards whether or not they are "feasible."
A)True
B)False
Q3) A fact about job satisfaction is
A) longevity does not correlate with job satisfaction.
B) the U.S. leads the world in the provision of childcare.
C) a lack of job satisfaction can create mental health problems.
D) worker participation and improved QWL always boost productivity.
Q4) The most accurate statement about workplace safety is:
A) workers are often unaware of the hazards they face on the job
B) employees, not their employers, are responsible for creating a safe workplace
C) in an average year, 150 workers are killed on the job
D) according to experts, industrial accidents "just happen"
Q5) Do workplace accidents "just happen"?
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Moral Choices Facing Employees
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Sample Questions
Q1) In discussing the case of the truck stop cashier who is asked to write up phony receipts, the text argues that in at least one scenario
A) there is nothing wrong with writing up the receipts.
B) she should resign immediately.
C) her prudential concerns may take precedence over moral ones on a temporary basis.
D) she should never whistle-blow and report the misconduct.
Q2) U.S. companies have a history of paying off foreign officials for business favors. Such acts were declared illegal by
A) the U.S. Customs department.
B) the Vice President.
C) the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) of 1977.
D) the United Nations.
Q3) All gifts are bribes.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the main features of the 1977 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA)?
Q5) What are the potential motivations of being a whistle-blower?
Q6) How do trade secrets differ from information that is patented or copyrighted?
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Chapter 11: Job Discrimination
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Sample Questions
Q1) Should the sexual orientation of gays and lesbians be protected against discrimination?
Q2) To discriminate in employment is to make an adverse decision against an employee or job applicant based solely on his or her membership in a certain class.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following is the most plausible argument AGAINST affirmative action?
A) Compensatory justice forbids affirmative action.
B) Blacks and whites are already equal in socioeconomic terms.
C) Affirmative action violates the principle of equality.
D) Affirmative action is the same thing as fixed numerical quotas.
Q4) Companies clearly have what kind of obligation to provide a work environment in which employees are free from sexual harassment?
A) legal
B) moral
C) environmental
D) personal
Q5) What are the general guidelines the EEOC lists as steps to affirmative action?
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