Early Childhood Education
Mock Exam
Course Introduction
Early Childhood Education explores the foundational principles, theories, and best practices for supporting the development and learning of young children from birth to eight years old. This course covers key topics such as child development milestones, early learning environments, the importance of play, family engagement, and culturally responsive teaching strategies. Students will examine how to design and implement developmentally appropriate curricula that foster cognitive, social, emotional, and physical growth in early learners, while also considering diversity, inclusion, and child advocacy within educational settings.
Recommended Textbook
Child Development 14th Edition by John W Santrock
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17 Chapters
1797 Verified Questions
1797 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction
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153 Verified Questions
153 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) To determine why Jeffrey Dahmer became a mass murderer,a researcher spent a great deal of time talking with both Dahmer and people who knew him both as a child and as an adult.The personal in-depth approach the researcher used is called a(n) A) case study.
B) archival study.
C) correlational study.
D) naturalistic observation.
Answer: A
Q2) One of the major differences between Erikson's and Freud's approaches to human development involves Erikson's emphasis on A) heredity.
B) sex differences.
C) the mind-body relationship.
D) development across the life span.
Answer: D
Q3) List the five stages of childhood development.
Answer: prenatal,infancy,early childhood,middle and late childhood,adolescence
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Chapter 2: Biological Beginnings
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113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nika,who is from Kenya,has been ill most of her life because of a blood disorder that prevents some of her body's cells from receiving oxygen.Nika likely suffers from
A) phenylketonuria.
B) hemophilia.
C) Tay-Sachs disease.
D) sickle-cell anemia.
Answer: D
Q2) _________________ is the process by which each chromosome in the cell's nucleus duplicates itself.
A) Mitosis
B) Meiosis
C) Reproduction
D) None of these.
Answer: A
Q3) Describe the processes of mitosis and meiosis.
Answer: Mitosis is the process when each chromosome of the cell nucleus duplicates itself.Meiosis is when a cell in the testes and ovaries duplicates its chromosomes and then divides twice,forming four cells.
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4
Chapter 3: Prenatal Development and Birth
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What are the familiar blood groups?
A) A,B,O,and X
B) X,Y,A,and B
C) B,O,X,and XX
D) A,B,O,and AB
Answer: D
Q2) Two-year-old Donald has below-average intelligence,had a heart defect,and facial deformities.Based on this description,a physician would likely hypothesize that Donald's mother
A) smoked throughout her pregnancy.
B) was exposed to German measles during her pregnancy.
C) drank alcohol throughout her pregnancy.
D) had AIDS when she was carrying Donald.
Answer: C
Q3) Failure of the neural tube to close may cause
A) anencephaly.
B) neurogenesis.
C) spina bifida.
D) both anencephaly and spina bifida.
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Physical Development and Health
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94 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A major component of the neuroconstructivist view is that
A) both biological and environmental conditions influence brain development.
B) the brain has plasticity.
C) brain development is closely linked to a child's cognitive development.
D) All of these.
Q2) Obesity in childhood can be a result of
A) parents not being able to recognize the problem.
B) children eating in front of the television.
C) the lack of concern about food ingested.
D) All of these.
Q3) Who is closest to half of her adult height?
A) Kara,who is 5-years old
B) Heather,who is 7-years old
C) Victoria,who is 4-years old
D) Ryan,who is 2-years old
Q4) The key developments of the brain in the first two years include the A) personal contact cerebellum.
B) environment and genetics.
C) myelin sheath and dendrite connections.
D) None of these.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development
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93 Verified Questions
93 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The recent use of infant eye-tracking headgear allows researchers to measure memory,joint attention,and facial processing as a possible predictor of A) autism.
B) seizures.
C) depression.
D) schizophrenia.
Q2) Child development experts believe that motor activity during the second year is vital to the child's competent development and they should have A) as many restrictions as possible.
B) only restrictions for safety.
C) only restriction for social development
D) no restrictions.
Q3) With regard to smell,newborns' expressions on their faces indicate that A) they do not differentiate odors.
B) they do differentiate odors.
C) they can clearly show a preference.
D) not only can they differentiate orders,but they can clearly show a preference.
Q4) Compare and contrast Gibson's ecological view and Piaget's constructivist view.
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Chapter 6: Cognitive Developmental Approaches
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130 Verified Questions
130 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The A-not-B Error is best described as an object permanence concept where
A) a child cannot distinguish between letters of the alphabet.
B) during the search for the object,the infant looks in the old hiding place rather than the new one.
C) during the search for the object,the infant will place the object in a new place.
D) None of these.
Q2) What is the correct developmental sequence of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?
A) preoperational,formal operational,sensorimotor,concrete operational
B) preoperational,sensorimotor,concrete operational,formal operational
C) sensorimotor,preoperational,concrete operational,formal operational
D) sensorimotor,preoperational,formal operational,concrete operational
Q3) Who would be most likely to argue that the speech produced by 3-year-old Gina is socially based and is a main guide of her behavior?
A) Jean Piaget
B) David Elkind
C) Lev Vygotsky
D) Mary Ainsworth
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Chapter 7: Information Processing
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106 Verified Questions
106 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Critical thinking involves thinking reflectively and productively,and evaluating evidence.If a child is thinking critically,what are some strategies that can be observed?
Q2) Scientific _______________________ often is aimed at identifying causal relations.
A) connecting
B) reassessment
C) reasoning
D) disassembling
Q3) Researchers lament that so few schools really teach students to think critically.Which one of the following does not support the researcher's beliefs?
A) Schools give tests asking students to give a single correct answer.
B) Schools ask children to imitate rather than choosing their own way.
C) Schools ask children to recite.
D) Schools ask children to analyze.
Q4) List and describe the three ways children will allocate their attention.
Q5) Name and explain three types of memory.
Q6) Compare and contrast the methods of constructing memories with scheme theory and fuzzy trace theory.
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Chapter 8: Intelligence
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Impoverished environments intervention
A) is connected to low-income family situations.
B) works to improve the quality of life for parent and child.
C) provides the child with an enriched environment.
D) All of these.
Q2) The ____________________________ focuses on the infant's ability to process information in such ways as encoding the attributes of object,detecting similarities and differences between objects,forming mental representations,and retrieving these representations.
A) Bayley Scales of Infant Development
B) Gesell test
C) Fagan Test of Infant Intelligence
D) Stanford-Binet IQ test
Q3) Which of the following is not a component of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development?
A) motor scale
B) adaptive scale
C) mental scale
D) behavior-rating scale
Q4) List the four categories of behavior tested in the theory of Arnold Gesell.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Language Development
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Edgar,who survived a gunshot wound to the head,appears to have lost the ability to speak,even though he understands directions.Based on this description,you would most likely guess that the bullet damaged
A) the right hemisphere.
B) Broca's area.
C) the language acquisition device.
D) Wernicke's area.
Q2) List six symptoms or characteristics involved with Williams syndrome.
Q3) List the three steps of infant language development prior to the first spoken word.
Q4) Piaget's concept of the _________________________ has been the focus of some research that links cognitive and language development.
A) sensorimotor stage
B) ability to understand conservation
C) ability to understand object permanence
D) preoperational stage
Q5) Compare and contrast the semantics and pragmatics of language.
Q6) Identify three ways parents may facilitate infants and toddlers language development.
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Chapter 10: Emotional Development
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104 Verified Questions
104 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is true about developmental changes in middle to late childhood?
A) Children during this stage of development have a capacity for genuine empathy.
B) Children during this stage of development do not practice displacement of their feelings.
C) Children during this stage of development know how to adequately express their feelings.
D) Children during this stage of development do not blow up with little or no provocation.
Q2) Why was the Harlow (1958)study with the cloth and wire surrogate mothers so important?
A) It demonstrated that feeding was the primary drive of infant attachments.
B) It showed that human and monkey attachments follow very different developmental courses.
C) It showed that the type of contact infant and mother had was more critical for attachment formation than feeding.
D) It showed that there is no instinctive drive to form an attachment.
Q3) Compare and contrast primary and self-conscious emotions in infants.Give four examples of each.
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Chapter 11: The Self and Identity
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87 Verified Questions
87 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The adolescent's self is characterized by A) instability across situations.
B) the lack of construction of a more unified theory of self.
C) Both of these answers are correct.
D) Neither of these answers is correct.
Q2) Maxine Hong Kingston's book entitled The Story of Maxine Hong Kingston,Bridging Cultural Worlds,shows that she wants to guide people in how to find meaning in their lives,especially by exploring their cultural backgrounds.Her book is about A) Chinese ancestry.
B) the struggle of immigrants.
C) her parents' struggles to adapt to American culture.
D) All of these.
Q3) A part of identity development in which adolescents show a personal investment in what they are going to do is called A) crisis.
B) commitment.
C) deliberation.
D) moratorium.
Q4) Identify the five main characteristics of self-understanding in young children.
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Chapter 12: Gender
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83 Verified Questions
83 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is the main class of female sex hormones?
A) androgens
B) estrogens
C) progesterone
D) testosterone
Q2) A person who exhibits masculine and feminine characteristics is described as A) androgynous.
B) a hermaphrodite.
C) gender stereotypic.
D) lacking gender identity.
Q3) __________________________ are considered XY and do not have androgen receptors in their cells because of a genetic error.
A) Congenital adrenal hyperplasia females
B) Pelvic-field defect males and females
C) Androgen-insensitive males
D) CAH males
Q4) When do children begin to engage in gender stereotyping?
Q5) What is gender stereotyping?
Q6) Compare and contrast an androgynous girl and boy.
Q7) Describe the ages and examples of the first signs of gender-typed play.
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Chapter 13: Moral Development
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130 Verified Questions
130 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Gilligan is to Kohlberg as
A) individual is to interpersonal.
B) Erikson is to Piaget.
C) sexism is to racism.
D) care is to justice.
Q2) Who of the following would be "at risk" for juvenile delinquency?
A) Casey,who has a high level of self-control
B) Brian,who lives in a rural area
C) Helen,who is from a middle-class family
D) Joe,whose antisocial behavior started when he was 10 years of age
Q3) Which of the following is not an example of prosocial behavior?
A) caring about the rights and welfare of others
B) feeling concern and empathy
C) acting in a way that others are put second
D) acting in a way that benefits others
Q4) In order to participate in a program entitled Fast Track,children must
A) show conduct problems at home and school.
B) have parents who are willing to accept support and parenting training.
C) Both answers are correct.
D) Neither answer is correct.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Families
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92 Verified Questions
92 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When describing his new neighbors,Stu says their parenting style appears to be "We love you,so go and do whatever you feel like doing." What parenting style is this?
A) indulgent
B) neglectful
C) authoritative
D) authoritarian
Q2) Which would be the most common reason for an adolescent and his or her parents to be in conflict?
A) a messy room
B) drug use
C) shoplifting
D) differences in sexual values
Q3) A change can be seen in families because of an increase in general dissatisfaction and restlessness.The result of this restlessness is a
A) hodgepodge of family structures.
B) greater number of single-parent families.
C) greater number of stepparent families.
D) All of these.
Q4) Identify the pros and cons of co-parenting.
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Chapter 15: Peers
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is a suggestion on how to reduce bullying? Teachers can
A) get older peers to serve as monitors.
B) tell older peers not to intervene in any bullying.
C) form friendship groups for adolescents who are regularly bullied by peers.
D) have older peers serve as monitors and form friendship groups for adolescents who are bullied by their peers.
Q2) Identify the six functions of friendship and give one example of each.
Q3) Which types of play have been researched?
A) constructive play
B) practice play
C) pretense/symbolic play
D) All of these.
Q4) Maggie acts like herself in the company of others.She also communicates well with others and is generally happy.Based on this description you would expect that Maggie A) has permissive parents.
B) is popular with her friends.
C) has had a traumatic childhood.
D) is neglected by peers.
Q5) Describe the difference between an early and a late bloomer.
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Chapter 16: Schools and Achievement
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120 Verified Questions
120 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What percentage of school-aged children in the United States receives special education or related services because of learning disabilities?
A) 1 percent
B) 5 percent
C) 7 percent
D) 13 percent
Q2) Compare and contrast mastery orientation and performance orientation.
Q3) Head Start programs are not all created equal.One estimate is that _____ of the 1,400 Head Start programs in the 1994 research were of questionable quality.
A) 10 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 30 percent
D) 40 percent
Q4) Which one of the following does not describe an excellent kindergarten program?
A) experimenting
B) exploring
C) restructuring
D) high academic standards
Q5) Compare and contrast the pros and cons of the "No Child Left Behind" law.
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Chapter 17: Culture and Diversity
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Sample Questions
Q1) Like their parents,children from low-SES backgrounds are more likely to experience
A) mental health problems.
B) improvement in self-esteem.
C) less juvenile delinquency than children from high-SES families.
D) high self-confidence.
Q2) By the time the average American adolescent graduates from high school,he or she has watched approximately __________ hours of television.
A) 1,000
B) 5,000
C) 10,000
D) 20,000
Q3) The main way adolescents communicate with their friends is _______.
A) talking
B) texting
C) notes
D) phone calling
Q4) In the textbook's discussion of individualistic and collectivist cultures,it was found that members of an individualistic culture have higher rates of what four things?
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Page 19