Early Childhood Education Exam
Solutions
Course Introduction
Early Childhood Education explores the principles, theories, and best practices involved in the care and development of young children from birth to age eight. This course covers topics such as child development milestones, learning environments, curriculum planning, family engagement, and the role of play in learning. Students will examine current research, policy issues, and cultural influences on early childhood education, while gaining practical skills for creating supportive and inclusive educational settings that foster growth, well-being, and a lifelong love of learning.
Recommended Textbook
The Process of Parenting 9th Edition by Jane
B. Brooks
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17 Chapters
1001 Verified Questions
1001 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/2665
Page 2
Chapter 1: Parenting Is a Process
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/53195
Sample Questions
Q1) Only thirty percent of parents believe government and employers are doing enough to help parents.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) More than work or marriage,society describes __________ as a sign of maturity and adulthood.
Answer: parenthood
Q3) Besides tax credits to parents for children and free public education from ages five to eighteen,society provides children with __________________.
Answer: no assistance unless the child is poor or disabled
Q4) The rate of infant mortality in the United States is _______ and twice as high as that of _________.
Answer: 6.1,Japan
Q5) Two countries on the world with very unequal distributions of family income are __________.
Answer: Britain,Wales,and the United States
Q6) The most positive views of parents' effectiveness are held by __________.
Answer: children
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Chapter 2: Cultural Influences on Parenting
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59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) People were more likely to change their self-designation of race from white to black if they had experienced poverty in the interim period.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) William Cross identifies two aspects of identity: __________ and __________.
Answer: personal identity and Reference Group Orientation
Q3) Despite the hardships that African Americans have endured in this country,their current levels of self-esteem are as high as or higher than that of European Americans who have more advantages.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q4) Socialization is the process __________.
Answer: is the process by which individuals learn the skills necessary for life in the group they belong to
Q5) About 1 in __________ children in the United States live in immigrant families. Answer: 4
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Chapter 3: Learning to Parent
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adele Diamond and Kathleen Lee believe that successful programs increasing EF skills have two common features: (1)increasing levels of difficulty that challenge children and (2)
A) giving rewards for accomplishing each level of difficulty.
B) emphasizing persistence and effort in carrying out the activities.
C) creating feelings of joy, competence, and social bonds with others.
D) giving child time alone to explore.
Answer: C
Q2) According to Piaget,infants in the first two years of life are in the __________ of development.
Answer: sensorimotor period
Q3) The neuroendocrine hormone __________ regulates our daily pattern of arousal,alertness,and attention.
Answer: cortisol
Q4) Diana Baumrind termed parents who __________ as authoritative parents.
Answer: have clear rules and standards for children,pay attention to children's individuality and needs,encourage independence,and use reasoning and persuasion to help children meet standards
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Becoming Parents
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59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Father's increasing age at conception leads to higher risks of having children with (give 3)______________________________________________.
Q2) Older mothers are disadvantaged in terms of age and ability to be patient and understanding with children.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Teen mothers' knowledge of their children and their realistic expectations of children predicted children's
A) social competence in the school-age years.
B) tight bond with mothers at age 5.
C) active participants in household routines.
D) A and C
Q4) Married women who planned their pregnancy,in contrast to married women who did not plan their pregnancy,report
A) more positive moods during pregnancy.
B) fewer fears at birth.
C) fewer dissatisfactions with their husbands.
D) A and C
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Chapter 5: Nurturing Close Family Relationships in a Technological Society
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Adolescents who feel close to their parents are
A) less likely to take on parents' negative qualities.
B) more likely to model parents' negative qualities.
C) unaffected by parents' negative qualities.
D) repelled by parents' negative qualities.
Q2) The most important first step in intervening to help children of depressed parents is A) parenting program for depressed parents.
B) parents' carrying out massage therapy for infants.
C) parents' forming friendships with nondepressed adults.
D) effective treatment of parents' depression.
Q3) Parents' marital satisfaction and their parenting skills
A) are generally unrelated to each other.
B) are generally negatively related with parenting skills absorbing so much energy there is little left over for the marriage.
C) are most often positively related to each other.
D) are rarely studied together, so we do not have reliable information.
Q4) Babies who witness parents' angry arguments respond with _______________ if parents do not find a resolution.
Page 7
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Chapter 6: Supporting Childrens Growth and Development
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Verbal punishments have all of the following features EXCEPT
A) they are found in countries around the world as well as the United States.
B) approval by the culture reduces the negative effects of verbal punishments. C) are used as substitutes for physical punishment.
D) when used with children eight and older are associated with children's increased aggressiveness and anxiety.
Q2) Coercion is divided into two categories: __________ and __________.
Q3) __________ are the leading cause of death in children and teens.
Q4) When asked whether they have ever spanked a child,the highest percent of parents who say they have spanked is.
A) 45
B) 56
C) 74
D) 94
Q5) The most positive reward for children is __________.
Q6) Adults who multitask are faster on a discriminating task like selecting even and odd numbers.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Developmental trajectories are defined as ____________________.
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Chapter 7: Parenting Children From Birth to Two Years
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) New Zealand study of sleeping patterns of infants revels that at twelve months of age
A) one-third of babies do not sleep more than five hours at night.
B) only one-third of babies sleep eight or more hours.
C) only 50 percent of babies sleep eight or more hours at night.
D) over 70 percent of babies sleep eight hours at night.
Q2) An Enhanced Visitation Program that reduced the rate of child abuse for mothers at risk for abuse involved:
A) anger management training.
B) training in parenting skills.
C) training to empower mothers.
D) training to support children's health.
Q3) Dr.Karp's five-step program for helping newborns settle into their new world includes all of the following EXCEPT
A) swaddling.
B) shushing.
C) silencing.
D) sucking.
Q4) Dr.Harvey Karp believes newborns would benefit from an additional __________.
Q5) Children's play is more sophisticated when they play with ____________.
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Chapter 8: Parenting Children in Early Childhood
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Highly aggressive children ages two to nine came from families that consistently experienced such stressors as
A) less stimulating homes.
B) ongoing low income.
C) less sensitive and responsive parenting.
D) all of these
Q2) Caroline Zahn-Waxler refers to gender issues in problem behaviors as the problems of the __________ and the ______________.
Q3) Preschoolers consider parents rules about appropriate clothing matters of
Q4) Preschoolers are able to organize their self-perceptions and are beginning to see themselves in more general,though dichotomous,terms.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Briefly describe four ways parents' behavior contributes to the development of children's gender identity and give an example of each behavior in everyday life
Q6) Social support and __________________ help mothers of children with disabilities reduce maternal stress.
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Chapter 9: Parenting Early Elementary School Children
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Elementary schoolchildren describe both mothers and fathers as A) loving and happy.
B) self-confident and responsible.
C) A and B
D) neither A nor B
Q2) Conflicts between children and parents include all of the following EXCEPT
A) children's interpersonal behaviors like teasing.
B) children's personality characteristics like irritability.
C) chores.
D) children's humor.
Q3) Children who are identified as being at risk for academic and social problems at the end of kindergarten and who have effective and emotionally supportive first-grade teachers
A) still remain at high risk for problems at the end of first grade.
B) resist teachers' rules and regulations.
C) feel isolated and rejected.
D) learn and perform as well as low-risk students.
Q4) Describe three steps parents of ten-year-old children take to encourage their children to develop positive ethnic identities and give everyday life examples.
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Chapter 10: Parenting Early Adolescents
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In early adolescence,there is a mismatch between teens' __________ emotional system and __________ that regulates behavior.
Q2) Early adolescents' premature commitment to values without exploration is termed __________.
Q3) Early teens report all of the following EXCEPT
A) more anxiety and nervousness at school.
B) more anxiety and nervousness with friends.
C) more positive feelings at home with family.
D) more positive feelings with friends.
Q4) Describe five ways parents help early adolescents develop their full potential.
Q5) In early adolescence teens' attitudes about gender roles grow more __________.
Q6) Early adolescents in other countries around the world value different qualities in their relationships with their parents than the ones valued in the United States.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Describe three ways parents can get behind the masks that boys have developed to hide their feelings.
Q8) Early adolescent sexual maturation begins with __________ changes.
Q9) When parents __________,early adolescents feel emotionally insecure.
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Chapter 11: Parenting Late Adolescents and Young Adults
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77 Verified Questions
77 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Briefly describe and illustrate four qualities of parenting behaviors that are associated with adolescent competence.
Q2) Ways to promote later and protected sexual activity include all of the following EXCEPT
A) giving information on safe, responsible sexual activity.
B) having warm relationships with parents.
C) opportunities to talk to adults about sexual health and activity.
D) letting teens' handle areas of sexual health and sexual activity on their own.
Q3) Most girls in junior high and high school have had at least one experience of sexual harassment,most often by demeaning comments from boys but also from critical comments by __________ and ______________.
Q4) All of the following teen changes in adolescence trigger parents' emotional reactions EXCEPT
A) increasing emotional detachment from them.
B) increasing independence.
C) increasing idealization of the parent.
D) dating.
Q5) Describe five factors that contribute to teen depression.
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Chapter 12: Working and Parenting
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The United States has a diverse work force of parents with some parents needing more work hours and some parents needing fewer work hours.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Rising levels of children's stress hormone are more likely in family day care when caregivers are __________.
Q3) Describe the three areas that low-income single mothers concentrate their activities and the strategies they use to manage the demands on them.
Q4) The United States is one of only four countries in the world that does not offer paid family leave at the time of the birth of a child.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Employers' worries that paid maternal leave at the time of the child's birth will create unemployment and decrease American competitiveness are found to be justified by international data.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Describe the Workplace Triple P program,its effects,and how long they last.
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Chapter 13: Parents by Adoption and Parents by
Reproductive Technology
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/53191
Sample Questions
Q1) Give three ways in which young adults who search for biological parents are similar to those who do not search and three ways in which they differ.
Q2) Birth mothers who participate in open adoptions have better psychological adjustment than those who do not.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When their children were seven-years-old,mothers using surrogacy and donor eggs and disclosing the use of ART to children,were _________ when compared to naturally conceiving mothers.
A)as warm and sensitive.
B)similar in caregiving and interactions with children.
C)marginally lower in mutual reciprocity with children.
D)A and C.
Q4) Describe three reasons parents give for telling children about ART and three reasons parents give for not telling children about the use of ART.
Q5) The recommendations of the Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine regarding telling children about donor assistance
15
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Chapter 14: Parenting When Unmarried
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50 Verified Questions
50 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Even when single mothers have known adversity,those mothers who have ________ _____________ show effective parenting behaviors.
Q2) When grandmothers replace teen mothers as caregivers,teen mothers learn effective parenting from watching what their mothers do and copying their behavior.
A)True
B)False
Q3) When Single Mothers by Choice reduce their level of __________________,their children are similar in behavior to children living in two-parent families.
A) stress
B) depression
C) anger
D) frustration
Q4) Name three protective factors for children of unmarried parents: ____________.
Q5) Unmarried fathers who stay involved in their children's lives make constructive changes in their own lives.
A)True
B)False
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Parenting in Divorced Families and Remarried Families
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60 Verified Questions
60 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/53189
Sample Questions
Q1) Describe and illustrate two ways in which religion influences the ways individuals respond to divorce.
Q2) Parents who adopt children from other countries or other ethnic groups are advised to
A) help children to adapt to American culture and leave their culture of origin behind.
B) form a new family ethnic identity that includes the child's ethnic heritage.
C) let children find ways to explore their ethnic identity on their own.
D) A and C
Q3) When divorcing mothers with school-aged sons attended a fourteen-week program that taught positive parenting and establishing consistent consequences,
A) children reported better relationships with peers and less depressed feelings.
B) children reported few differences in moods, but teachers reported decreases in boys' aggressive behaviors.
C) mothers reported less depression.
D) A and C
Q4) Describe four characteristics of young adults who grew up in remarried families.
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Chapter 16: Parenting in Lesbian and Gay Families
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45 Verified Questions
45 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) There is no simple trend in the effects on children of knowing or not knowing the sperm donor's identity.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Two big worries children reported when they learned og parent's sexual orientation were __________ and _________________.
Q3) In recent years many lesbian and gay singles and couples have chosen to have children through __________.
Q4) Lesbian mothers in the United States report ____________ regarding discrimination and legal difficulties as a parent than lesbian mothers in Canada.
Q5) Many lesbian/gay couples choose open adoption through a private agency so children will know their biological parents,and same-sex couple relationship will be open and they do not have to pretend to be single parents.
A)True
B)False
Q6) Give and illustrate four factors that enable gay/lesbian parents to counteract the stresses of stigmatization and function effectively.
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Parenting in Challenging Times
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66 Verified Questions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Persistent and extreme thwarting of a child's basic emotional needs is considered __________ maltreatment.
Q2) Cultural and social beliefs that promote violence exist at the __________ level.
Q3) Critical element to breaking the generational cycle of family maltreatment is
A) education about the effects of abuse on those who experience it.
B) positive relationship with therapist, friend, or spouse.
C) avoiding any physical punishment.
D) having only one child
Q4) A Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy program has helped children
A) who have experienced many forms of trauma
B) because it focuses completely on children who are the victims.
C) if they stay in the program for a full year.
D) all of these
Q5) Children going to a community agency for therapy is a protective factor at the __________ level.
Q6) Physical abuse itself makes no significant contribution to children's problem behaviors beyond those related to poverty
A)True
B)False
Page 19
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