Developmental Psychology Test Questions
Course Introduction
Developmental Psychology explores the patterns of growth and change that occur throughout the human lifespan, from conception to old age. The course examines major theories and research findings on physical, cognitive, emotional, and social development, highlighting factors that influence developmental processes at different stages of life. Topics include attachment, language acquisition, personality formation, gender identity, moral development, adolescence, adulthood, and aging. Through the study of both classic and contemporary research, students gain an understanding of normative development as well as individual differences, and consider how biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors interact to shape human behavior and experience across the life course.
Recommended Textbook
Experience Human Development 13th Edition by Diane E. Papalia
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Chapter 1: The Study of Human Development
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Sample Questions
Q1) Danielle,who is in her late forties,just lost her mother to a battle with cancer.This would represent a
A) normative-age influence.
B) nonnormative-age influence.
C) normative history-graded influence.
D) nonnormative history graded influence.
Answer: A
Q2) Life-span studies are based on which of the following ideas?
A) There is little continuity over the life span.
B) Development occurs early in life, not during adulthood.
C) Every portion of the life span is influenced by earlier events and will in turn affect later events.
D) There is no development that takes place in the late adulthood stage.
Answer: C
Q3) Which of the following characterizes the middle adulthood period of development?
A) It is a period where mate selection and having children are prominent.
B) Achievement becomes a central theme and self-control increases.
C) It is a time of rapid physical changes in both height and weight.
D) It is a period of reaching and maintaining career satisfaction.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Theory and Research
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Q1) Dr.Charles is interested in how certain behaviors such as smiling help to bond parents and ensure a child's survival.Dr.Charles is interested in the ______ perspective.
A) psychoanalytical
B) evolutionary
C) cognitive
D) learning
Answer: B
Q2) Suppose you asked the following two questions of a group of 100 children: "How much time do your parents spend reading to you each day?" and "What are your grades in school?" You find that children whose parents read to them for more than one hour each day have better grades than children whose parents read to them for only a few minutes each day.What could you conclude from this pattern of data?
A) Reading by parents causes children to do better in school.
B) Parental reading time and grades are positively correlated.
C) Parental reading time and grades are uncorrelated.
D) Better students cause their parents to spend more time reading to them.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Forming a New Life
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Sample Questions
Q1) List three common chromosomal abnormalities.Define one of them and describe the symptoms and characteristics associated with the condition.
Answer: Three common chromosomal abnormalities are Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Klinefelter syndrome.
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21. This extra genetic material causes a range of physical and intellectual disabilities. Some common symptoms and characteristics associated with Down syndrome include intellectual disability, characteristic facial features such as a flat face and upward slanting eyes, low muscle tone, and an increased risk of certain medical conditions such as heart defects, gastrointestinal issues, and respiratory problems. Individuals with Down syndrome may also experience delayed development, speech and language delays, and have a higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease later in life.
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Chapter 4: Birth and Physical Development During the First
Three Years
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Sample Questions
Q1) Little Ethan can grasp a rattle but not yet walk.This differentiation in abilities is an example of
A) the cephalocaudal principle.
B) the proximodistal principle.
C) the fontanelles.
D) the lanugo.
Q2) Suppose your infant's pediatrician recommends that your newborn receive lots of sensory stimulation and that you should try to stimulate the sense that is the most developed.Which of the following techniques might you use?
A) Play classical music softly
B) Rub the infant's back
C) Turn the lights on and off
D) Show the infant complex pictures
Q3) The average newborn weighs __________ pounds.
A) 5
B) 7½
C) 8½
D) 10
Q4) Analyze the differences between a vaginal delivery and a cesarean delivery.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Cognitive Development During the First Three Years
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Sample Questions
Q1) Habituation studies provide information on all of the following EXCEPT
A) intelligence.
B) preference for complexity.
C) sophisticated play.
D) strength of sucking reflex.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT associated with child-centered speech?
A) Motherese
B) Parentese
C) Baby talk
D) Babbling
Q3) Most children speak in two-word sentences by about what age?
A) 8 months
B) 10 months
C) 14 months
D) 24 months
Q4) Which of the following is NOT a concern of the HOME items assessment?
A) It may be less culturally relevant in non-Western homes.
B) It is correlational data and may not have a direct effect on intelligence.
C) There may be a genetic influence at work in the highly rated homes.
D) Examiners may bias the results by the way they ask the questions.
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Chapter 6: Psychosocial Development During the First
Three Years
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to Erikson,which virtue develops from successful resolution of the crisis of autonomy versus shame and doubt?
A) Hope
B) Will
C) Caring
D) Love
Q2) Evaluate the impact of daycare on an infant and describe the important characteristics associated with "quality daycare."
Q3) One of the first cries with which new parents are likely to become familiar is the infant's rhythmic cry,which is often associated with A) hunger.
B) anger.
C) pain.
D) frustration.
Q4) Nicole wants to continue to work after her son is born but is not getting much support from her extended family.List two arguments for and against Nicole's decision to continue working.
Q5) Examine the relationship between temperament and the concept of goodness of fit.
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Chapter 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Piaget maintained that private speech is
A) a sign of abnormal development.
B) a form of communication.
C) an egocentric form of speech.
D) practice for social speech.
Q2) Scaffolding
A) is temporary parental support to enable a child to do a task.
B) is most needed by children of high ability.
C) reflects parents' sensitivity to children's competence.
D) may need to become permanent.
Q3) Four-year-old Sarah tells her mother,"I told the wind to blow,so it made my kite fly." This is an example of A) animism.
B) inductive reasoning.
C) egocentrism.
D) decentration.
Q4) List four aspects of preoperational thought according to Piaget,and choose two to define and provide examples for.
Q5) Discuss false beliefs and deception in early childhood.
Q6) Examine the risks associated with parental smoking in the home. Page 9
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Page 10
Chapter 8: Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Analyze gender differences in aggression and define both overt and relational aggression.
Q2) Tommy Jon knocks over another child while running to the street to see a circus parade.Tommy Jon is displaying
A) instrumental aggression.
B) classical aggression.
C) displaced aggression.
D) hostile aggression.
Q3) The 5-7 shift refers to
A) changes in the way children describe themselves.
B) changes in the average height of children during early childhood.
C) changes in intelligence scores during early childhood.
D) changes in the number of friends most children make during early childhood.
Q4) Parents of prosocial children tend to do all of the following EXCEPT
A) encourage reflection on actions.
B) emphasize ethical principles.
C) emphasize obedience.
D) set high standards.
Q5) Evaluate the research presented on an evolutionary basis for play.
Q6) Critique the psychoanalytic approach to explaining gender identity.
Page 11
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Chapter 9: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Bob is shorter than Mary.Mary is shorter than Lisa.Which cognitive ability would Piaget say is required to understand that Bob is shorter than Lisa?
A) Conservation
B) Transitive inference
C) Seriation
D) Inductive reasoning
Q2) According to Piaget,children enter which stage at about the age of 7?
A) Sensorimotor
B) Preoperational
C) Concrete operational
D) Formal operational
Q3) What are some contributors to children being overweight?
A) Eating out more often with increased calorie consumption
B) Increased time in front of the television and computer
C) Less activity and less engagement in sports and physical play
D) All of these
Q4) Define and provide one example each of inductive and deductive reasoning.
Q5) Define acute and chronic medical conditions and provide one example of each that affect children.
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Chapter 10: Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Define popularity and unpopularity and provide two characteristics of the popular and the unpopular child.
Q2) Examine common adjustment issues associated with children whose parents divorce.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT a common reaction of children of divorce?
A) Guilt over something they might have done to cause the divorce
B) Anger at the parents
C) Happiness that the parents' fighting is over
D) Fear about the future
Q4) Which of the following parental statements is most representative of the process of coregulation?
A) "Please take out the garbage because it is starting to stink."
B) "If you touch the television again you will get a time-out."
C) 'Please get your toys out of the neighbor's yard so that they can see what a big helper you are."
D) "Clean up your room before your mother gets home."
Q5) Children have typically internalized the emotions of pride and shame by age
A) 6 or 7.
B) 7 or 8.
C) 8 or 9.
D) 9 or 10.
Page 13
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Chapter 11: Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) The unhealthy diets of many adolescents place them at risk for all of the following EXCEPT
A) being overweight.
B) deficiencies in iron and calcium.
C) high-fat and low-nutrient eating.
D) increased heart attacks.
Q2) Research suggests that the pubertal process takes about ____________ in both sexes.
A) 3-4 years.
B) 1-2 years.
C) 5-6 years.
D) 7-8 years.
Q3) Which of the following is a central organizing experience in most adolescents' lives?
A) Home
B) School
C) Church
D) Family
Q4) Examine suicide in adolescence and provide characteristics of individuals at risk for suicide.
Page 14
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Chapter 12: Psychosocial Development in Adolescence
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Sample Questions
Q1) Recent research has indicated that gender differences in identity formation of adolescence
A) may be less important than individual differences.
B) shows that male adolescents are more concerned with relationships than are female adolescents.
C) may be greater than previously thought.
D) None of these
Q2) Collective efficacy refers to A) strength of peer relations.
B) strength of social connections within the neighborhood.
C) family background.
D) None of these
Q3) According to Gilligan,females develop self-esteem in the context of relationships with their peers,whereas for males,self-esteem is linked to A) achievement.
B) competition with their peers.
C) relationships with their fathers.
D) personal relationships.
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Chapter 13: Physical and Cognitive Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) By young adulthood,American youth have already begun poor practices that lead to preventable death.These include all of the following EXCEPT
A) alcohol abuse.
B) obesity.
C) walking
D) smoking.
Q2) The textbook reports that the prime time and place for drinking to occur is
A) high school.
B) college.
C) adolescence.
D) middle adulthood.
Q3) Some investigators have proposed a distinctly adult stage of cognition beyond Piaget's formal operations called ______ thought.
A) mature
B) post-formal
C) pragmatic
D) abstract
Q4) Describe the importance of social integration and social support and their relationship to health in young adulthood.
Page 16
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Chapter 14: Psychosocial Development in Emerging and Young Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) A young woman passes through adolescence without developing a strong sense of personal identity.According to Erikson,what difficulty will she experience during young adulthood?
A) She will lack competitiveness.
B) She will have problems with intimacy.
C) She will become sexually promiscuous.
D) She will fail to develop "the dream."
Q2) Critique the section on "the millennials." Comment on this generation's obsession with and reliance on technology and the impact social media has had on their lives.
Q3) The proportion of young adults ages 25 to 34 in the United States who have not yet married ____ between 1970 and 2005.
A) remained the same
B) doubled
C) tripled
D) decreased
Q4) Summarize the research on intimate partner violence.
Q5) Describe the typological approach to personality development and evaluate the research presented to support this approach.
Page 17
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Chapter 15: Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle
Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) Cognitive development in middle adulthood is usually
A) related to learning for its own sake.
B) related to acquiring specialized knowledge.
C) easily measured by conventional psychometric tests.
D) in decline.
Q2) There is no consensus on specific biological or social events that mark the beginning or the end of middle age.All of the following are considered in determining this period
EXCEPT
A) the biological aspect, with subjective upper limits due to improved health.
B) the context of family and whether children are grown or still at home.
C) a person's marital status.
D) arbitrary assignment based on chronological age span from 40 to 65.
Q3) Many women may find that the sexual experiences of middle age are improved because they
A) have increased worries about late-age pregnancy.
B) find themselves with less uninterrupted time to spend with a partner and use it more efficiently.
C) have increased knowledge of their own sexual needs and desires.
D) find their male partners' longer periods of arousal tedious.
Q4) Analyze the term midlife and the various definitions of middle adulthood.
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Chapter 16: Psychosocial Development in Middle Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to narrative psychology,life-story interviews with middle-age adults often reflect their
A) personalities.
B) goals in life.
C) past accomplishments.
D) None of these
Q2) According to the text,most siblings
A) remain emotionally close during middle adulthood.
B) remain in touch, but become emotionally distant because of marriage.
C) lose touch with one another during middle adulthood, but reestablish contact during late adulthood.
D) fail to support one another when caring for elderly parents.
Q3) Joshlyn,who is in her mid-fifties,takes classes at the local college at night and has started attending fitness classes in the morning.According to Rogers,Joshlyn is still striving
A) to reach late adulthood.
B) to reach self-actualization.
C) to achieve self-efficacy.
D) to fulfill a lifelong dream.
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Chapter 17: Physical and Cognitive Development in Late
Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) List and describe the changes in short-term memory among older adults.
Q2) The brain of a person with Alzheimer disease shows excessive amounts of A) hormonal deficiency.
B) neurofibrillary tangles.
C) amyloid plaque.
D) both neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid plaque.
Q3) Bernice,age 69,has gradually developed disturbing symptoms.She forgets where she lives,goes on extravagant spending binges,fails to recognize her children,and has difficulty feeding herself.She is likely to be suffering from A) strokes.
B) Alzheimer disease.
C) Parkinson's disease.
D) overmedication.
Q4) The second most common disorder in older adults,involving progressive neurological degeneration and characterized by tremors,stiffness,and unstable posture,is
A) Alzheimer disease. B) depression.
C) Parkinson's disease. D) dementia.
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Chapter 18: Psychosocial Development in Late Adulthood
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Sample Questions
Q1) All of the following are examples of what Pauline Boss calls an ambiguous loss EXCEPT
A) the loss of a loved one to Alzheimer disease.
B) the loss of a child to drug addiction.
C) the loss of a homeland.
D) the loss of a child by auto accident.
Q2) The ability to adapt thinking and behavior to reduce or relieve stress that arises from harmful,threatening,and challenging conditions is referred to as A) wisdom.
B) integrity.
C) generativity.
D) coping.
Q3) Older adults with children have more contacts with _____ than those without children.
A) friends
B) church groups
C) neighbors
D) relatives
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Chapter 19: Dealing With Death and Bereavement
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Sample Questions
Q1) The text reported a study of married older adults whose spouses had died.The most prevalent pattern of grieving was
A) resilience.
B) delayed.
C) rigid.
D) natural.
Q2) The dignity of a terminally ill person is likely to be maintained when A) family members continue to visit on a regular basis.
B) dying patients write very specific instructions for their care.
C) patients are seen, and know they are seen, as being worthy of honor and esteem. D) patients have the finances to afford more expensive care facilities.
Q3) Gerald intentionally gave his terminally ill wife an overdose of pills that caused her death.Gerald engaged in
A) passive euthanasia.
B) active euthanasia.
C) intentional euthanasia.
D) accidental euthanasia.
Q4) Discuss the concept that development is a lifelong process.
Q5) Evaluate the classic grief work model and provide examples of each stage.
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