Counseling Psychology Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Counseling Psychology is a discipline within psychology that focuses on facilitating personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan. This course explores theories, techniques, and ethical concerns in counseling practice, emphasizing approaches for helping individuals cope with life challenges, emotional difficulties, and developmental issues. Students will learn about assessment methods, intervention strategies, and culturally responsive practices, as well as develop skills in active listening, empathy, and problem-solving. The course also covers career development, group counseling, crisis intervention, and the roles and responsibilities of professional counselors in diverse settings.
Recommended Textbook
Personality Psychology Domains of Knowledge About Human Nature 5th Edition by Randy Larsen
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20 Chapters
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introduction to Personality Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a scientific theory?
A)astrology
B)Einstein's ideas on relativity
C)reincarnation
D)extra sensory perception
Answer: B
Q2) Research on personality traits asks all of these questions EXCEPT
A)how many fundamental personality traits there are.
B)how personality traits are organized.
C)where personality traits come from.
D)which cues cause behavior in a situation.
Answer: D
Q3) Personality is
A)outside the person.
B)inside the person.
C)both outside and inside the person.
D)inside or outside, depending on the person.
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Personality Assessment, Measurement, and Research Design
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Sample Questions
Q1) Jacques is interested in finding out if caffeine affects levels of task performance for introverts and extraverts.From which research method would Jacques benefit the most?
A)Case study
B)Correlational design
C)Experimental design
D)Naturalistic observation
Answer: C
Q2) One strength of experience-sampling data is that
A)one is able to detect rhythms over time in behavior or feelings.
B)it is easier to collect than other self-report data.
C)it is a completely objective form of self-report data.
D)it is free of biases associated with other self-report data.
Answer: A
Q3) _____ is NOT a form of reliability.
A)Spilt-half reliability
B)Inter-rater reliability
C)Construct reliability
D)Test-retest reliability
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Traits and Trait Taxonomies
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Sample Questions
Q1) When Cattell used factor analysis to reduce the number of trait descriptive adjectives in his pool, he was combining the _____ approaches.
A)lexical and statistical
B)theoretical and statistical
C)act frequency and statistical
D)theoretical and act frequency
Answer: A
Q2) Dr.Larsen is interested in researching the personalities of dweebs.He collects all the terms in the Dweeb Talk Dictionary that can differentiate one dweeb from another dweeb.Dr.Larsen is the using the ______ approach to identifying important traits.
A)maniacal
B)statistical
C)prototypical
D)lexical
Answer: D
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Chapter 4: Theoretical and Measurement Issues in Trait Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Because trait psychology focuses on the amounts of various traits, it tends to focus on
A)psychopathology.
B)measurement.
C)situational selection.
D)integrity testing.
Q2) Vicki has been your friend for several years.Generally she is a very friendly, outgoing, and sociable person.Based on what you know about Vicki's personality you predict that she
A)will have greater amounts of these traits in the future.
B)was probably a unfriendly, nonsocial, and withdrawn child.
C)will be as friendly, outgoing, and sociable as she is now in the future.
D)will have far lower amounts of these traits in the future.
Q3) A baseball player's statistical batting average is an example of A)aggregation.
B)reliability.
C)validity.
D)variance.
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Chapter 5: Personality Dispositions Over Time: Stability,
Coherence, and Change
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Q1) Personality differences usually can be first observed in A)early infancy.
B)late infancy.
C)adolescence.
D)adulthood.
Q2) Twenge concluded from her studies of cohort effects from 1968 to 1993 that A)females internalized the social change and cultural messages of the era, and their personalities were molded by these messages.
B)cohort effects are interesting to study historically, but of little relevance to personality psychology.
C)social and cultural changes had only marginal effects on personality.
D)the culture in which an individual is immersed is the major determinant of personality.
Q3) Which of the following has been associated with the later development of emotional disturbances in men?
A)High levels of neuroticism
B)Low levels of neuroticism
C)Low levels of impulse control
D)High levels of impulse control
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Chapter 6: Genetics and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) The search is for the discovery of specific genes that are responsible for personality traits is called _____ genetics.
A)molecular
B)behavior
C)molar
D)univariate
Q2) One of the most common formulas for assessing heritability is
A)heritability = (r<sub>dz</sub> - r<sub>mz</sub>).
B)heritability<sup>2</sup> = (r<sub>mz</sub> - r<sub>dz</sub>).
C)heritability<sup>2</sup> = 2(r<sub>mz</sub> - r<sub>dz</sub>).
D)heritability = 2(r<sub>mz</sub> - r<sub>dz</sub>).
Q3) If adopted children differ in important ways from most other people, it would violate the _____ assumption.
A)representativeness
B)equal environments
C)eugenics
D)shared family environment
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Page 8
Chapter 7: Physiological Approaches to Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research has found that _____ tend to score lower on sensation seeking scales.
A)people who enjoy skydiving
B)people who have more sexual partners
C)students who volunteer for unconventional psychology experiments
D)endure sensory deprivation conditions for long periods of time
Q2) Which of the following best indicates cardiovascular activity?
A)Skin conductance
B)Alpha waves
C)Electrodermal activity
D)Blood pressure
Q3) Individuals with high scores on the behavioral activating scale perform better when they are working
A)to obtain a reward.
B)to avoid a punishment.
C)working alone on a task.
D)working in a group on a task.
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Chapter 8: Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the inclusive fitness theory, the probability that you will help people depends most on
A)whether or not they are wealthy.
B)how genetically related they are to you.
C)whether or not they are physically attractive.
D)whether or not they are potential mates.
Q2) Food shortages, disease, and extreme weather are all examples of A)adaptations.
B)domain specificity.
C)byproducts of adaptation.
D)hostile forces of nature.
Q3) Shauna knows that men appreciate a woman with very attractive legs.She works out frequently to keep her body in shape and before she goes out for the evening puts on a dress and pair of shoes that accentuate her attractive legs.Shauna is reacting to the _____ pressure exerted by men on women.
A)sexual
B)intersexual selection
C)adaptive
D)intrasexual selection
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Chapter 9: Psychoanalytic Approaches to Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following would most likely be an indicator of the id operating on an individual's behavior?
A)David has to have it, and have it right now.
B)Andrew knows he has to wait for his turn.
C)Mike will wait to have twice as much later.
D)James will wait to find out what his parents think.
Q2) If the id cannot find the external object to satisfy its desires, it will
A)search until finds the appropriate object.
B)create a fantasy object to replace the object.
C)use reason and logic to substitute an alternate object.
D)delegate finding the appropriate object to the superego.
Q3) As unconscious thoughts, feelings, and urges can take on a life of their own, Freud called this part of the mind the _____ unconscious.
A)collective
B)motivated
C)universal
D)emotional
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Chapter 10: Psychoanalytic Approaches: Contemporary Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text, Holly Ramona was
A)the victim of childhood sexual abuse.
B)a famous psychoanalyst.
C)probably induced to have false memories.
D)All of these answers.
Q2) According to Erikson, each stage of development
A)does not involve a crisis.
B)could only be resolved either adaptively.
C)was more sexual than social.
D)could result in fixation and arrested development.
Q3) In the object relations theory, the objects are A)real people.
B)the id, ego, and superego.
C)mental representations of people.
D)features of the environment.
Q4) Adults with a(n) _____ relationship style shun romance, and believe that love never lasts.secure
A)avoidant
B)ambivalent
C)independent
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Chapter 11: Motives and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) The "Big 3" motives are
A)sex, aggression, and play.
B)competence, sex, and aggression.
C)self-esteem, self-expression, and reality.
D)achievement, power, and intimacy.
Q2) _____ refers to the objective features of the environment.
A)Alpha press
B)Beta press
C)A need
D)A motive
Q3) The Thematic Apperception Test was developed by A)Freud.
B)Rorchach.
C)Maslow.
D)Murray.
Q4) Henry Murray was a _____ before turning to work on motivation.
A)physician, embryologist, and biochemist
B)lawyer
C)entrepreneur
D)priest
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Cognitive Topics in Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Herman Witkin introduced the idea of
A)defensive pessimism.
B)field dependence versus field independence.
C)learned helplessness.
D)life tasks.
Q2) People who take personal responsibility for events
A)are field-independent.
B)are field-dependent.
C)have an internal locus of control.
D)have an external locus of control.
Q3) Which of the following is NOT an important topic in the cognitive/experiential domain?
A)Identifying the major traits of personality.
B)People's subjective experience of self.
C)Emotions.
D)The ways people perceive their environment.
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Chapter 13: Emotion and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Studies of personality and mood inductions find that it is easier to put people who score _____ in good moods.
A)high on extraversion
B)low on extraversion
C)high on neuroticism
D)low on neuroticism
Q2) Researchers agree that
A)it is better to be high on affect intensity.
B)it is better to be low on affect intensity.
C)it is better to be high on affect intensity most of the time.
D)we cannot say whether it is bad or good to be low or high on affect intensity.
Q3) There is much consensus among proponents of the dimensional view of emotions that _____ are the basic dimensions underlying emotions.
A)pleasantness/unpleasantness and arousal level
B)pleasantness/unpleasantness and universality of facial expressions
C)arousal level and universality of facial expressions
D)subjective experience and bodily change
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15
Chapter 14: Approaches to the Self
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Sample Questions
Q1) A person with high (as opposed to low) self-esteem would be more likely to respond to failure by
A)giving up.
B)accepting it.
C)thinking of other things that are going well.
D)becoming aggressive.
Q2) People differ in
A)the extent to which identity is important to them.
B)the amount of effort expended on creating an identity.
C)whether or not they have identities.
D)None of these.
Q3) Experimentation with different identities is most common in A)childhood.
B)adolescence.
C)adulthood.
D)old age.
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Page 16
Chapter 15: Personality and Social Interaction
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Sample Questions
Q1) Intentionally influencing other people's behavior is known as A)manipulation.
B)selection.
C)evocation.
D)stagnation.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT one of the ways discussed in the text that illustrate how personality interacts with situations?
A)Evocation
B)Satisfaction
C)Selection
D)Manipulation
Q3) Husband who score low on _____ tend to evoke anger from their wives by being condescending, failing to spend time with them, neglecting them, and ignoring their feelings.
A)extraversion
B)agreeableness
C)openness
D)conscientiousness
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17
Chapter 16: Sex, Gender, and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) When we observe a sex difference where women score higher than men, we can conclude that
A)most women will score higher than most men.
B)some men will score higher than most women.
C)there is a difference between men's average score and women's average score.
D)the difference is due to hormones.
Q2) Research on gender stereotypes
A)consistently finds that men are seen as more instrumental.
B)consistently finds that men are seen as less instrumental.
C)consistently finds that men and women are seen as equally instrumental.
D)finds that they differ too much across cultures to make generalizations.
Q3) The finding that men interrupt conversations more frequently then women do is consistent with research on sex differences for which of the following facets of extraversion?
A)Activity
B)Trust
C)Assertiveness
D)Impulsiveness
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Chapter 17: Culture and Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nisbett has attributed greater aggression among Southerners to A)transmitted culture.
B)false politeness.
C)the greater need to protect resources that could easily be stolen.
D)the warmer southern climate.
Q2) Research has found the LEAST degree of cross-cultural universality on the factor of A)emotional stability.
B)openness.
C)extraversion.
D)agreeableness.
Q3) People from _____ social classes tend to emphasize the importance of obedience to authority.
A)lower
B)middle
C)higher
D)elite
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Chapter 18: Stress, Coping, Adjustment, and Health
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research suggests that inhibiting the expression negative emotions
A)makes people feel better.
B)makes people feel worse.
C)leads to increased physiological activity.
D)leads to reduced physiological activity.
Q2) Early questionnaire measures of Type A personality, compared to structured interviews,
A)found more effects on heart disease.
B)found fewer effects on heart disease.
C)are less reliable measures.
D)Both B And C.
Q3) _____ tend to greatly underestimate the chances that negative events will happen to them.
A)People with Type A personality
B)Optimists
C)Extraverts
D)People who score high on hostility
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Chapter 19: Disorders of Personality
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Sample Questions
Q1) Glen Close's character in the movie "Fatal Attraction" most likely has a _____ personality disorder.
A)borderline
B)dependent
C)narcissistic
D)schizotypal
Q2) People with _____ personality disorder often achieve much because of their drive and ambition.
A)antisocial
B)narcissistic
C)schizoid
D)dependent
Q3) If a child comes to believe that other people are not to be trusted, he or she may be at risk of developing a(n) _____ personality disorder.
A)obsessive-compulsive
B)histrionic
C)borderline
D)narcissistic
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21
Chapter 20: Summary and Future Directions
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Sample Questions
Q1) Future research on genetics and behavior is likely to lead to new discoveries in all of these areas EXCEPT
A)the identification of specific genes that contribute to explaining the genetic variance in behavioral dimensions and disorders.
B)how our genetic makeup contributes to physiological features like eye color or height.
C)genetics researchers studying the effects of shared and non-shared family environments.
D)genes will be found that synthesize specific neurotransmitters that will be related to specific personality traits.
Q2) Which of the following topics do the authors of your text believe will be a focus of much of the future research in the biological domain of personality?
A)Approach and avoidance relationships
B)The number of basic personality dispositions
C)The genetic bases of human personality
D)The molecular level of genetic analysis
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