Counseling Psychology Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
Counseling Psychology is a branch of psychology focused on facilitating personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan. This course introduces students to the foundational theories, principles, and practices within the field, emphasizing the development of effective counseling skills and therapeutic relationships. Key topics include assessment techniques, multicultural competence, ethical and legal considerations, and evidence-based interventions for a variety of psychological, emotional, and behavioral issues. Students will explore various counseling models and approaches, gain insight into the dynamics of counselor-client interactions, and examine the role of self-awareness and personal growth in the counseling process.
Recommended Textbook
Abnormal Psychology An Integrated Approach 6th Edition by David H. Barlow
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16 Chapters
2512 Verified Questions
2512 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Abnormal Behavior In Historical Context
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Mrs.B.received a very poor rating by her supervisor who had been constantly criticizing her in front of her coworkers.When she got home,her kids ran up to greet her,all talking at once.She responded by yelling,"Leave me alone! Can't you see I'm tired?" According to psychoanalytic theory,this is an example of the defense mechanism known as ______.
A) displacement
B) projection
C) repression
D) rationalization
Answer: A
Q2) Someone you know has been having a lot of difficulty because of irrational fears.Knowing that you are studying abnormal psychology,this person asks if you know of an effective and well-established treatment.You advise her that ________________,based on the mid 20th century work of Joseph Wolpe,is a successful anxiety reduction procedure.
A) systematic desensitization
B) person centered therapy
C) exorcism
D) aversive conditioning
Answer: A
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Page 3
Chapter 2: N Integrative Approach To Psychopathology
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The significance of the study conducted by Insel,Champoux,Scanlan,and Scoumi (1988)in which rhesus monkeys were raised either with a sense of control or without one and later exposed to an anxiety-inducing drug is that chemicals such as neurotransmitters
A) have very direct effects on behavior.
B) influence behavior in different ways depending upon the psychological history of the individual.
C) influence individuals in fairly direct and consistent ways regardless of the psychological history of the individual.
D) have few reliable and consistent effects on observed behavior.
Answer: B
Q2) In the Stroop color naming paradigm,a patient with a blood phobia would be expected to name the color of the printed word "wound"
A) more quickly than a neutral word.
B) in about the same time it takes to name the color of a neutral word.
C) more slowly than a neutral word.
D) with a great deal of difficulty or not at all.
Answer: C
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Chapter 3: Clinical Assessment And Diagnosis
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The purpose of structured and semi-structured interviews is
A) to collect necessary information in a standard way to allow for comparison with similar individuals.
B) to initiate treatment.
C) to increase confidentiality.
D) to help develop the therapist/client relationship.
Answer: A
Q2) In terms of psychological assessment,which of the following describes the concept of validity?
A) Two or more "raters" get the same answers
B) An assessment technique is consistent across different measures
C) Scores are used as a norm for comparison purposes
D) An assessment technique measures what it is designed to measure
Answer: D
Q3) An important change in the DSM versions that followed DSM-III was
A) the lack of a presumed theoretical cause for each disorder.
B) a change from a dimensional to a categorical system.
C) greater emphasis on validity and less concern for reliability.
D) the inclusion of the humanistic view of pathology.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Research Methods
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In cross-cultural research,the independent or treatment variable is generally the ___________.
A) culture
B) disorder
C) method used to treat the disorder
D) success of the treatment
Q2) It can be important to use a double-blind procedure in a research study to prevent the
A) independent variable from influencing the dependent variable.
B) researcher's expectations from biasing the outcome.
C) participants' expectations from biasing the expectations of the researcher.
D) both b and c
Q3) A hypothesis is defined as a(n)_________.
A) theory
B) empirical conclusion
C) research study
D) educated guess
Q4) Describe each of the four components of informed consent for research participants.Explain why it may be difficult to satisfy informed consent when research participants are mentally retarded adults.
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Anxiety Disorders
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) People with a psychological vulnerability to panic attacks tend to ________ normal physical sensations.
A) catastrophize
B) minimize
C) fake
D) ignore
Q2) Panic attacks tend to occur most often
A) at daybreak due to a fear of the new day.
B) at sunset after a stressful day.
C) during deep sleep between 1:30 and 3:30 A.M.
D) in the evening when people start dreaming.
Q3) Which of the following observations is not true of individuals with generalized anxiety disorder?
A) They are more sensitive to threats than are other people.
B) They show more responsiveness on physiological measures than individuals with other anxiety disorders.
C) They exhibit more muscle tension than other people.
D) They appear to be autonomic restrictors.
Q4) Discuss the different types of specific phobias and how they are acquired.
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Chapter 6: Somatoform And Dissociative Disorders
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156 Verified Questions
156 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe how conversion reactions,real physical disorders,and outright malingering can be differentiated.
Q2) Dissociative trance disorder is diagnosed
A) only when the trance is unpredictable in terms of when it appears (i.e., individual goes into a trance without prior religious ritual).
B) only when the trance is undesirable and considered pathological in the individual's culture.
C) only when the trance causes harm to the individual or others.
D) whenever an individual repeatedly enters a trance state.
Q3) Studies suggest that false memories are ___________________.
A) difficult to create
B) easily created in children
C) unrelated to suggestions
D) very rare
Q4) Treatment of conversion disorders
A) follows a family systems model.
B) deals with removing secondary gain.
C) is supported by Freudian theory.
D) both b and c
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Chapter 7: Mood Disorders And Suicide
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159 Verified Questions
159 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE about tricyclics?
A) Tricyclics work within 24 hours after they are ingested.
B) It is not clear how tricyclics work.
C) Tricyclics block the reuptake of acetylcholine.
D) Weight loss is a side effect of taking a tricyclinc.
Q2) Martin Seligman's theory that people become anxious and depressed because they believe that they have no control over the stress in their lives is called
A) the learned helplessness theory.
B) cognitive-behavioral theory.
C) humanistic/existential theory.
D) the control theory of depression.
Q3) Depressive individuals tend to exhibit
A) greater right anterior brain activity.
B) greater left anterior brain activity.
C) more alpha wave activity.
D) less overall brain activity.
Q4) Discuss the symptoms,causes and treatments for seasonal affective disorder.
Q5) Discuss the relationship between depression and anxiety.
Q6) Identify and explain the risk factors associated with suicide.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Eating And Sleep Disorders
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The most common reason that anorexics generally do not seek treatment on their own is that they
A) are ashamed of their disorder.
B) fear that they will be hospitalized.
C) do not see themselves as too thin.
D) have little desire for food.
Q2) The most common sleep disorder is
A) insomnia.
B) hypersomnia.
C) nightmare disorder.
D) sleepwalking disorder.
Q3) The percentage of the general population that reports some symptoms of insomnia during any given year is approximately __________.
A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 33%
D) 50%
Q4) Describe primary insomnia and contrast it to hypersomnia and narcolepsy.
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Chapter 9: Physical Disorders And Health Psychology
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is a correct match of medical condition and its definition?
A) Angina: obstruction caused by build up of plaque in the arteries
B) Atherosclerosis: deficiency of blood to a body part caused by narrowing of the arteries
C) Mycardial infarction: death of heart tissue due to a completely clogged artery
D) Ischemia: chest pain caused by partial obstruction of the arteries
Q2) Which of the following was NOT one of the procedures or types of information used as part of
San Francisco's 1990 community-level program to reduce new cases of HIV infection?
A) Personal detailed assessment of HIV risk for each individual
B) Instructions on how to clean needles
C) Classes and videos to demonstrate safe sex skills
D) Discussions of the moral and religious consequences of being HIV positive
Q3) Discuss chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)and chronic pain.Relate CFS to the condition known as neurasthenia.What psychological factors are thought to maintain chronic pain?
Q4) Define and describe the new fields of behavioral medicine and health psychology.
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Page 11
Chapter 10: Sexual And Gender Identity Disorders
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160 Verified Questions
160 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ____________ are individuals who receive a sexual thrill from inflicting pain on others,and ____________ are individuals who receive a sexual thrill from receiving physical pain.
A) Sadists; masochists
B) Masochists; sadists
C) Transvestites; paraphiliacs
D) Paraphiliacs; transvestites
Q2) A person who reports low sexual disorder might
A) never think about sex.
B) never have sex.
C) have sex, but not because of desire.
D) all of the above
Q3) Sexual dysfunction can be a(n)_______________ condition.
A) lifelong
B) acquired
C) situational
D) all of the above
Q4) Describe the evidence for the genetic and/or biological basis for homosexuality as well as the evidence for the environmental influences on sexual preference.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Substance-related And Impulse-control Disorders
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157 Verified Questions
157 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following terms is the definition of anticonvulsant?
A) Sleep-inducing
B) Anxiety-reducing
C) Anti-seizure
D) Calming
Q2) Substance intoxication includes all of the following EXCEPT
A) the specific drug that is used.
B) how much of a drug is used or ingested.
C) the drug user's individual biological reaction.
D) physiological dependence on the drug.
Q3) Which of the following terms is the definition of sedative?
A) Sleep-inducing
B) Anxiety-reducing
C) Anti-seizure
D) Calming
Q4) Both morphine and codeine are analgesics,which means that they
A) activate the central nervous system.
B) relieve pain and produce euphoria.
C) increase alertness.
D) cause delusions and dissociative experiences.
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Chapter 12: Personality Disorders
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153 Verified Questions
153 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The psychological treatment that has been found to have significant effectiveness in helping patients with borderline personality disorder centers around
A) regressing patients to the time in their lives when they experienced trauma.
B) removing the reinforcing attention that patients have received for their disordered behavior in the past.
C) joining a 12-step program such as Alcoholics Anonymous.
D) learning to cope with life stressors in a more effective manner.
Q2) DSM-IV-TR divides personality disorders into ___ distinct clusters.
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Q3) One of the contributing factors in the developmental history of individuals with antisocial personality disorder appears to be that their parents were more likely to have utilized
A) firm discipline.
B) inconsistent discipline.
C) an overly protective parenting style.
D) physical discipline.
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Schizophrenia And Other Psychotic Disorders
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166 Verified Questions
166 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Since the latter half of the 20th century,the policy of deinstitutionalization (time-limited hospital stays for psychotic patients)has resulted in
A) more patients remaining hospitalized.
B) former patients becoming productive members of the community.
C) many former patients becoming homeless.
D) greater patient compliance regarding medication.
Q2) Recent research into the causes of schizophrenia,including studies of schizophrenic patients who had been exposed prenatally to influenza epidemics,suggests that there might be a __________________ cause of schizophrenia.
A) viral
B) bacterial
C) both of these
D) neither of these
Q3) Which type of treatment for schizophrenia most closely resembles classroom education?
A) Behavioral family therapy
B) Social skills training
C) Vocational rehabilitation
D) Independent living skills program
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Developmental Disorders
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research on the social skills of people with autism suggests that people with autism
A) are interested in socialization but do not know how to socialize.
B) are not interested in socialization.
C) enjoy social relationships but cannot express this joy.
D) none of these
Q2) The drug Strattera (atomoxetine)appears effective for some children with ADHD,and according to recent research,does not cause the same _______ as stimulant medication when used in larger doses.
A) intolerance
B) withdrawal symptoms
C) "high"
D) academic disturbance
Q3) Which of the following is NOT an example of a communicative disorder?
A) Stuttering
B) Selective mutism
C) Tic disorder
D) Developmental disorder
Q4) Describe the symptoms of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and discuss the controversy surrounding this diagnosis.
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Chapter 15: Cognitive Disorders
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) If the findings from the study regarding the writings of a group of Catholic nuns (Massie et al.,1996)are correct,which of the following individuals is most likely to eventually develop Alzheimer's type dementia?
A) John, whose writing is very descriptive and a bit bizarre.
B) Mary, whose writing has many religious themes.
C) Maureen, whose writing is mostly about animals.
D) Lisa, whose writing describes events in very brief terms.
Q2) Which of the following chromosomes has NOT been linked to the onset of Alzheimer's disease?
A) 21
B) 19
C) 2
D) 14
Q3) A gene with a 100% chance of causing Alzheimer disease is identified as ______________.
A) deterministic
B) Susceptible
C) relative
D) functional
Q4) Describe the typical causes of amnestic disorder.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Mental Health Services: Legal And Ethical Issues
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152 Verified Questions
152 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What was one outcome of the attempted assassination of President Reagan in 1981?
A) Stricter gun control laws
B) More Secret Service agents to protect the President of the United States
C) Improved screening procedures for the mentally ill
D) Greater public acceptance of the insanity defense
Q2) A person who is deemed severely mentally ill before trial for a crime probably A) cannot assist in his/her own defense.
B) cannot be expected to understand the charges against him/her.
C) is not competent to stand trial.
D) will be hospitalized instead of tried.
Q3) Information about mental institutions indicates that up until the 1980s,patients had A) civil rights.
B) personal rights.
C) legal rights.
D) virtually no rights.
Q4) Explain what civil commitment means,and discus how the "liberal" and "neoconservative" eras differed on this concept.
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