Counseling Psychology Chapter Exam Questions

Course Introduction

Counseling Psychology is a branch of psychology focused on facilitating personal and interpersonal functioning across the lifespan. This course explores theories, principles, and techniques used in counseling practice, covering topics such as developmental issues, mental health, cultural competency, and ethical considerations. Students will examine the roles and responsibilities of counseling psychologists, learn effective communication and intervention strategies, and develop foundational skills in assessing and assisting individuals, groups, and communities dealing with a variety of emotional, social, and behavioral challenges.

Recommended Textbook

Abnormal Psychology An Integrated Approach 6th Edition by David H. Barlow

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Page 2

Chapter 1: Abnormal Behavior In Historical Context

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Q1) According to object relations theory,

A) one believes that spiritual and religious drives are as much a part of human nature as sexual drives.

B) there is a strong drive toward self-actualization.

C) development of personality is influenced by culture and societal conditions.

D) one sees the world through the eyes of the person incorporated into one's self.

Answer: D

Q2) Dr.Okalemi Watabe is a mental health practioner.All of the following are ways in which she might function as a scientist-practitioner EXCEPT

A) analyzing her own motivations and reasons for helping people with psychological problems.

B) evaluating her own assessments and treatments for effectiveness.

C) conducting research leading to new information about mental disorders and their treatments.

D) using the most current diagnostic and treatment procedures.

Answer: A

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Chapter 2: N Integrative Approach To Psychopathology

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Q1) Cross-fostering studies indicate that the environmental effects of early parenting

A) had no effect on any genetic contribution to be reactive to stress.

B) seem to override any genetic contribution to be reactive to stress.

C) had no effect on future generations in the expression of personality traits or temperament.

D) had random effects on any genetic contribution to be reactive to stress.

Answer: B

Q2) In a study conducted by Haber and Barchas (1983),monkeys were injected with amphetamine,a central nervous system stimulant.Comparison of the drug's effects on the dominant versus submissive monkeys demonstrated that the effects of brain chemicals such as drugs are

A) different for individual animals depending upon their place in the social hierarchy.

B) the same for all animals regardless of their place in the social hierarchy.

C) the same for all animals except for those with a biological predisposition for aggression.

D) different for individual animals but the differences appear to be random.

Answer: A

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Page 4

Chapter 3: Clinical Assessment And Diagnosis

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Sample Questions

Q1) According to the textbook,assessment of psycho-physiological response to emotional stimuli is important in treating all of the following EXCEPT _____________.

A) sexual dysfunctions

B) posttraumatic stress disorder

C) hypertension

D) cancer

Answer: D

Q2) In regard to IQ tests,which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) IQ and intelligence are the same thing.

B) An IQ test has predictive validity with respect to academic success.

C) IQ tests measure abilities such as attention, memory, reasoning, and perception.

D) Psychologists have different theories about which skills and abilities constitute intelligence.

Answer: A

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Chapter 4: Research Methods

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Q1) The possibility of human cloning,the production of genetically identical people,is extremely controversial.If it happens,it will allow a more thorough study of __________________ components of human behavior.

A) the genetic

B) the environmental

C) both the genetic and environmental

D) neither the genetic nor environmental, because the variables are too complex

Q2) One of the hallmarks of the experimental method that makes it different from a correlational study is that in an experiment,

A) we observe what happens in the natural world.

B) the researcher is unaware of the independent variable.

C) a variable is manipulated in a way that would not have occurred naturally.

D) there are multiple control groups.

Q3) Single-case experimental designs utilize several strategies such as ____________ to improve their internal validity.

A) repeated measures

B) process measures

C) random assignment

D) placebo controls

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Page 6

Chapter 5: Anxiety Disorders

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Q1) Which of the following would NOT be considered an example of social phobia?

A) A student who is reluctant to speak up in a classroom due to fear of embarrassing herself.

B) A male who has difficulty urinating in a public restroom when others are present.

C) A person who can only eat comfortably when he is alone.

D) An individual who cannot travel on public transportation without a family member present.

Q2) Research studies have shown that combining exposure and ritual prevention (ERP)with medication when treating patients with OCD

A) is better than drug treatment alone.

B) is better than ERP alone.

C) causes patients to discontinue treatment.

D) does not produce any additional therapeutic advantage.

Q3) Which of the following people is most likely to develop PTSD?

A) A child who has social support after surviving a trauma

B) A man who is very angry and blaming about a traumatic experience

C) A woman who was psychologically prepared for a possible disaster

D) An individual who watches extensive television coverage of a crisis

Q4) Discuss the different types of specific phobias and how they are acquired.

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Chapter 6: Somatoform And Dissociative Disorders

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Q1) The part of the treatment plan for DID that is similar to the treatment plan for posttraumatic stress disorder is

A) integration of personality fragments.

B) use of antipsychotic medications.

C) reliving and reprocessing the trauma.

D) hypnotic regression to early life experiences.

Q2) Dissociative identity disorder has been linked to posttraumatic stress disorder.People suffering from both disorders have usually experienced ____________________,as indicated by ______________________

A) severe trauma; results of MMPI assessment.

B) childhood abuse; correlational case studies.

C) severe trauma; retrospective case studies.

D) a depressive disorder; inter-rater agreement on DSM-III diagnoses.

Q3) Some theorists suggest that dissociative identity disorder is an extreme subtype of

A) dissociative amnesia

B) obsessive-compulsive disorder

C) posttraumatic stress disorder

D) antisocial personality disorder

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Page 8

Chapter 7: Mood Disorders And Suicide

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Q1) The probability that a person will recover from a major depressive episode within 5 years approaches 90% in _________________.

A) all cases

B) mild cases only

C) severe cases only

D) double depression only

Q2) Andy is currently completing a chemical formula that he knows will cure cancer.Shortly before,he had submitted a book to a publisher and was sure that it would become a bestseller.For several weeks prior to this,he was bedridden,morose,had no energy,and lacked any spontaneity.He never left his bed and had to be cared for by his family.Andy's diagnosis is ________________.

A) major depressive disorder

B) dysthymic disorder

C) bipolar I

D) bipolar II

Q3) Discuss the role of neurotransmitters,brain-wave activity,and negative cognitions in the etiology and treatment of depression.

Q4) Discuss the symptoms,causes and treatments for seasonal affective disorder.

Q5) Identify and explain the risk factors associated with suicide.

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Chapter 8: Eating And Sleep Disorders

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Q1) Cataplexy as experienced by patients with narcolepsy can be characterized by

A) sudden, minor loss of muscle tone.

B) physical collapse.

C) slight muscle weakness.

D) all of these

Q2) Sleepwalking is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT A) acting out a dream.

B) occurrence during the deepest stage of sleep.

C) no memory of the sleepwalking event.

D) occurrence primarily in children.

Q3) Which of the following minority populations tends to have the least body dissatisfaction and weight concerns?

A) African Americans

B) Hispanics

C) Native Americans

D) Asians

Q4) Eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia are generally "blamed" on culture and society.At the same time,there appears to be a genetic influence.Explain how culture and genetics may interact in the development of anorexia and bulimia.

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Chapter 9: Physical Disorders And Health Psychology

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Sample Questions

Q1) At the beginning of the 20 century,the leading cause of death in the U.S.was

A) automobile accidents

B) infectious diseases

C) heart attacks

D) suicides

Q2) Carla and Carlos have recently learned that they are HIV positive.According to research studies involving people who are HIV positive,what is most likely to occur?

A) Carla will now have sex only if her partner uses a condom.

B) Carlos will abstain from sex completely.

C) Both Carla and Carlos will stop sharing needles with other drug users.

D) Neither Carlos nor Carla is likely to change any of their previous behaviors.

Q3) Which is a type of circumstance in which women put themselves at risk for HIV/AIDS infection differently from men?

A) Having unprotected sex with partners whose sexual history is unknown

B) Using contaminated needles when injecting illegal drugs

C) Becoming prostitutes in response to economic deprivation

D) Having sex with multiple partners

Q4) Discuss the relationship between stress,immune function,and illness.

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Chapter 10: Sexual And Gender Identity Disorders

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Sample Questions

Q1) Paraphilia is defined as

A) a dysfunction.

B) an attraction to inappropriate individuals or objects.

C) an attraction to machines.

D) a desire that dominates the personality.

Q2) Among men surveyed for a CDC study,_________were sexually experienced.

A) almost 100%

B) just over 40%

C) approximately 75%

D) about 12%

Q3) Sexual problems are difficult to diagnose when

A) dysfunction is present and the person is distressed about it.

B) dysfunction is present but the person is not distressed about it.

C) the couple has been together a long time.

D) the couple is sexually inexperienced.

Q4) Which of the following is NOT one of the three stages of sexual response?

A) Desire

B) Arousal

C) Orgasm

D) Refractory period

Page 12

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Chapter 11: Substance-related And Impulse-control Disorders

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Sample Questions

Q1) The most commonly consumed of all the psychoactive drugs are the stimulants,which include all of the following EXCEPT _____________.

A) caffeine

B) cocaine

C) nicotine

D) mescaline

Q2) The prevailing view that alcohol abuse usually follows a predictable downward spiral was based on Jellinek's mid 20 century survey of Alcoholics Anonymous ( AA )members that asked them how alcohol had affected them physically and psychologically.Data from this survey are now considered inaccurate because

A) respondents faked their answers to the questions on the survey.

B) too few AA members answered the survey questions.

C) since the survey was only sent to older members of AA, information on the progression of alcohol use was not available.

D) Jellinek himself became an alcoholic and never finished the research.

Q3) Compare and contrast benzodiazepines and the barbiturates.Discuss medical uses for these substances and the potential for abuse and/or addiction.

Q4) Discuss the various component treatments for substance abuse.

Page 13

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Chapter 12: Personality Disorders

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Q1) A possible contribution to schizoid personality disorder is _______________.

A) childhood shyness

B) childhood abuse and neglect

C) being a parent of an autistic child

D) all of the above

Q2) When individuals with dependent personality disorder are in therapy,they are

A) seemingly "model" patients.

B) resistant to the therapeutic process.

C) too unstable to do the intellectual work that therapy requires.

D) demanding and impulsive.

Q3) Which of the following is not a Cluster B personality disorder?

A) Antisocial personality disorder

B) Borderline personality disorder

C) Histrionic personality disorder

D) Schizoid personality disorder

Q4) There is a great controversy regarding the classification issue of the personality disorders.Explain what are seen as problems with the current classification system used in DSM-IV and possible changes to address these issues in DSM-V.

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Chapter 13: Schizophrenia And Other Psychotic Disorders

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Q1) Consuela believes that she is the wicked stepmother and her daughter Carmella believes she is Cinderella.It appears that the two are suffering from

A)schizoaffective disorder.

B)shizotypal disorder.

C)schizophreniform disorder.

D)folie a deux.

Q2) All of the following factors seem to be related to patients' noncompliance with medication EXCEPT ______________.

A) negative patient-doctor relationship

B) cost of medication

C) comorbidity

D) negative side effects

Q3) Describe some of the "positive" and "negative" symptoms of schizophrenia.Explain what is meant by these terms and how they relate to prognosis and outcome.

Q4) Compare the major subtypes of schizophrenia (paranoid,catatonic,disorganized,undifferentiated,residual)in terms of symptoms,treatment,and prognosis.

Q5) Discuss the other psychotic disorders.

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Chapter 14: Developmental Disorders

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Sample Questions

Q1) Which of the following is NOT an example of a communicative disorder?

A) Stuttering

B) Selective mutism

C) Tic disorder

D) Developmental disorder

Q2) Discuss the DSM-IV criteria for intellectual disability and the controversy regarding descriptions of the different levels of this disorder.

Q3) Intellectual disability is defined as

A) below-average intellectual ability.

B) below-average intellectual ability and adaptive functioning.

C) significant deficits in self-care abilities.

D) low IQ score.

Q4) The DSM-IV criteria for intellectual disability are an IQ of approximately

A) 70 or below and onset prior to age 18.

B) 70 or below, deficits in adaptive functioning, and onset prior to age 18.

C) 60 or below, deficits in communication, and onset prior to age 18.

D) 65 or below and deficits in adaptive functioning.

Q5) Discuss the possible causes of autism.

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Chapter 15: Cognitive Disorders

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Sample Questions

Q1) The differing patterns of impairment associated with Alzheimer's type dementia and HIV-caused dementia are primarily attributable to

A) the different areas of the brain affected.

B) the immune response to the virus in HIV patients.

C) psychosocial differences in the lives of the typical patients with each disorder.

D) unexplained causes.

Q2) The inability to recognize objects is called _____________.

A) agnosia

B) alexia

C) anhedonia

D) apraxia

Q3) The amyloid plaques that accumulate in the brain of Alzheimer's type dementia patients are best described as

A) tangled, strand-like filaments.

B) gummy protein deposits.

C) plaques of dead nerve cells.

D) mineral deposits.

Q4) Describe delirium,its typical causes,and how it is treated.

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Chapter 16: Mental Health Services: Legal And Ethical Issues

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Q1) The laws that state the conditions under which people not accused of a crime can be legally committed to a mental hospital,even against their will,are

A) criminal commitment laws.

B) hospitalization laws.

C) civil laws.

D) civil commitment laws.

Q2) Criteria for the insanity defense were developed by a group from the American Law Institute that included all of the following EXCEPT ______________.

A) attorneys

B) judges

C) psychologists

D) law scholars

Q3) According to the Addington v.Texas (1979)which of the following is sufficient cause to commit someone to commit a mentally ill person to the hospital involuntarily?

A) Needing treatment

B) Grave disability

C) Danger to self and others

D) Neither of these

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