Contract Law for Managers Exam Bank
Course Introduction
This course provides managers with a comprehensive understanding of contract law principles and their practical application in a business context. Topics include the formation of contracts, enforceability, interpretation, and remedies for breach, with a focus on the roles and responsibilities of managers in negotiating, drafting, and executing contracts. The course also explores common contractual issues, risk management strategies, and the legal implications of contract disputes. By analyzing real-world scenarios and case studies, students will gain the skills necessary to make informed decisions, minimize legal risks, and effectively manage contractual relationships in their organizations.
Recommended Textbook
Managing the Law 4th Edition by Mitchell McInnes
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Risk Management and Sources of Law
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Q1) Your town has a by-law stating that pets must be kept on a leash at all times.A friend of yours doesn't want to leash his dog,but is afraid he'll be arrested and tried if he doesn't.You tell him that
A)he should be worried;the provincial government creates municipalities,so the province enforces their statutes.
B)by-laws aren't real laws,so he shouldn't worry.
C)by-laws can only regulate business,so the law isn't valid.
D)the government is evil and they do these things sometimes.
E)the municipality enforces by-laws,so he can only receive a fine.
Answer: E
Q2) Quebec is said to be a "civil law system" because it is derived from the legal system that governed the citizens of ancient Greece.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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3
Chapter 2: Litigation and Alternative Dispute Resolution
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Q1) Fuller Inc.has sued Perdue Corp.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)If Perdue counterclaims,Fuller will use a reply in order to deny Perdue's allegations.
B)All of the parties' pleadings must be stamped and filed at the registry of the court.
C)The judge may draft a demand for particulars in order to receive more information regarding Fuller Inc.'s claim.
D)If the case goes to court,it will likely be heard by a jury.
E)A counterclaim usually is used if the plaintiff wants to change the details in a statement of claim.
Answer: B
Q2) While a cross-examination usually occurs in open court,examinations for discovery occur outside of court.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 3: Introduction to Torts
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Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to the doctrine of vicarious liability?
A)While vicarious liability provides employers with more incentive to act carefully when selecting,training,and supervising employees,it may also tend to provide employees with less incentive to act carefully as they perform their jobs.
B)Vicarious liability serves tort law's compensatory function by increasing the possibility that the tortfeasor will receive damages from someone.
C)A person who is injured by a tort that was committed by an employer personally can use the doctrine of vicarious liability to sue any of the employer's employees.
D)As a general rule,an employee who has paid damages for a tort that they personally committed,whether or not it is in the course of employment,is entitled to use the doctrine of vicarious liability to recover that same amount of money from their employer.
E)Because personal liability and vicarious liability are separate concepts,a successful plaintiff usually is entitled to collect full damages from both the employee and the employer.
Answer: A
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Chapter 4: Intentional Torts
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Q1) You lend your friend your grandmother's favorite vase so he can impress his new girlfriend.After two weeks,you ask for him to return the vase.After another week,you find out he has sold the vase to his new girlfriend.You decide to sue him for
A)the torts of trespass to chattels,conversion,and detinue.
B)the tort of passing off.
C)the crime of theft.
D)the torts of trespass to chattels and conversion,but not detinue.
E)the torts of conversion and detinue.
Q2) Which of the following situations would most likely allow Brian to successfully sue April for the tort of battery?
A)April smashed a bottle against Brian's car while he was asleep in his bed.
B)April aimed a loaded gun at the back of Brian's head without his knowledge.
C)April used a knife to slice a hole in a shirt that Brian was wearing.
D)After Brian was brought into a hospital in an unconscious condition,April,who is a surgeon,performed a life-saving operation that Brian would have requested if he had been conscious.
E)April,who is a security guard,gently tapped Brian on his shoulder to get his attention during a consensual fight between April and Brian.
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Chapter 5: Miscellaneous Torts Affecting Business
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Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to the tort of injurious falsehood?
A)It requires proof that the defendant's statement caused the plaintiff to suffer a loss.
B)It always consists of a slander of title.
C)It may be established on the basis of proof that the defendant should have known that the statement in question was false.
D)It is another name for the tort of defamation.
E)Because it requires proof of malice,it always results in punitive damages being awarded to a successful plaintiff.
Q2) Joel was injured while walking on Maureen's property.Under the statutory rules,it will generally be necessary for a court to determine Joel's precise status as a visitor before choosing the appropriate standard of care.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the defence of justification? To which tort does it apply?
Q4) What interest is the tort of defamation intended to protect? How is the requirement of publication related to that interest?
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Chapter 6: Negligence
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Q1) Samir has sued Beatrice for the negligent performance of a professional service.How is Beatrice's status as a professional person relevant to the standard of care? Would it matter if she was a novice at the time of the accident? What if she was an expert? What if she falsely claimed to be an expert? Explain your answers.
Q2) Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Contributory negligence originally was a partial defence.
B)The effect of an intervening act is usually considered in the context of the standard of care.
C)Canadian law does not include the learned intermediary rule.
D)Product liability may arise from a careless act in the manufacture of a product or carelessness in the design of a product but not from a careless failure to warn of the risks associated with a product.
E)The Crown-that is,the government-may be sued,because of statutory provisions that allow for the Crown to be sued.
Q3) A duty of care may be imposed on a person but not on a corporation.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the two-fold significance of the decision in Donoghue v Stevenson.
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Page 8
Chapter 7: The Nature and Creation of Contracts
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Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)A firm offer can only be revoked in writing.
B)An offeree may never communicate a revocation in the same way that it communicated its offer.
C)The offeree cannot require acceptance to be made in writing.
D)An offer that appeared in a newspaper can only be terminated by a revocation that appears in the same newspaper.
E)An counter-offer destroys the original offer so as to act as a revocation of that offer.
Q2) If you insert a coin into a vending machine and receive a chocolate bar in exchange,have you entered into a contract? If so,is that contract unilateral or bilateral? Give reasons for your answer.
Q3) Anita was required to enter her co-worker's office to get a file.When she was there,she saw the draft of an email message on the screen of her co-worker's computer.The message was addressed to Anita,but it had not yet been sent.In the message,the co-worker offered to sell Anita her leather jacket for $100.Once Anita saw the email,she was entitled to accept the offer.
A)True
B)False
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9
Chapter 8: Consideration and Privity
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Q1) Dina threatened to sue Chris for $25 000 unless he immediately paid her $10 000.Chris paid $10 000.He will be entitled to recover that money as long as he later proves that Dina honestly and mistakenly thought she had the right to sue Chris for $25 000.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Sarah was an orphan.Her uncle Rocco agreed to act as her guardian until she became an adult.In that role,he borrowed money to pay for her education.She promised to repay him when she became an adult.Sarah later became an adult and married Stepan.Stepan also promised to repay Rocco for the money that he had spent on Sarah's education.Sarah and Stepan,however,now refuse to pay the money.Rocco has sued Stepan on his promise.Which of the following statements is most likely TRUE?
A)Sarah and Stepan and jointly and severally liable to Rocco.
B)Stepan has privity to the contract that was created between Sarah and Rocco.
C)Stepan is liable to Rocco.
D)Sarah became liable to Rocco only after Stepan made his promise to Rocco.
E)Stepan's promise to Rocco involves the concept of past consideration and is likely enforceable.
Q3) What is the essential purpose of a seal?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Representations and Terms
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Q1) Contracts of utmost good faith
A)arise when one party is uniquely situated to know the material facts such as an insurance contract.
B)are the only contracts that do not require any kind of disclosure.
C)do not require notification of any changes to previously supplied information.
D)have no bearing on the law of misrepresentation.
E)allow parties to lie to each other prior to entering into a contract without any legal consequence attaching to those lies.
Q2) Even if a lease does not expressly say that the item leased must come back in the same condition in which it went out (subject to reasonable wear and tear),a court will imply such a term.Courts will do so on the basis that such a term
A)was clearly intended by both parties.
B)was clearly desirable.
C)would improve the contract.
D)is in accordance with the usual industry standard practice in the industry the parties are engaged in,if that implied term is proved by admissible evidence at trial.
E)is found in some leases.
Q3) Why do insurance contracts require a duty of utmost good faith?
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Chapter 10: Contractual Defects
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Q1) Unincorporated associations
A)are always treated the same way as corporations.
B)can be given the capacity to contract through the enactment of legislation but otherwise do not have legal capacity as they are not legal entities.
C)generally have the capacity to contract.
D)are independent legal entities.
E)no longer exist in Canadian society.
Q2) The concept of capacity
A)means the legal power that we all have just to walk away from any contractual obligation on the basis that we did not understand the contract that we signed or otherwise entered into.
B)means that the law requires parties who enter into contracts to have a legal capacity to enter into contracts,and not everyone in society necessarily has that capacity.
C)refers to when one party is mistaken about the terms of a contract.
D)refers to pre-contractual statements.
E)requires all contracts to be in writing.
Q3) List three types of contracts that must be evidenced in writing in most jurisdictions.Provide one example of each.
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Chapter 11: Discharge and Breach
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Q1) Gretchen,who lived in Calgary,entered into a contract with Matt,who lives in Edmonton.He paid $2500 to her at the outset and she promised that she would edit a book that he was in the process of writing.After completing slightly more than half of the job,however,Gretchen received an offer to act in a play on Broadway.Since acting had always been her dream,she pleaded with Matt to let her go to New York without finishing her project with him.She also pleaded with him to retain the $2500 that she had received from him because she needed a great deal of money to make the move.Since he was fond of Gretchen,Matt agreed.She then sold almost all of her belongings,including her computer,and moved to New York.A week later,however,Matt changed his mind when he learned that Gretchen was acting in Cats,a Broadway production that he disliked very much.He therefore now insists that she must fulfill the rest of her contractual obligations.Is he correct? Explain your answer.
Q2) "If a contract is discharged for breach,it no longer has any effect." Is that statement correct? Explain your answer.
Q3) The difference between a condition precedent and a true condition precedent is that a condition precedent is really a condition subsequent.
A)True
B)False
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13
Chapter 12: Contractual Remedies
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Q1) Judy is suing Craig because she believes she suffered a wrong when he did not contribute to her fundraiser.She did not necessarily lose anything monetarily,but she is suing for the symbolic purpose.The damages she hopes to receive are referred to as
A)liquidated damages.
B)punitive damages.
C)nominal damages.
D)reliance damages.
E)account for profits.
Q2) Irma was in a contract for the purchase of two tickets to Disneyland for which she had already paid.The contract was breached the day before she was supposed to leave and caused Irma to buy another set of tickets for twice the price,as well,her mother,who was supposed to come as well,could not.Irma could not receive damages for
A)the cost of buying the new tickets.
B)the amount she paid for the original tickets.
C)the intangible loss caused by her disappointment.
D)the amount she spent on new holiday clothes.
E)the expected amount she may have won from a contest she and 3 others entered that would take place during the trip.
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Chapter 13: Special Contracts: Sale of Goods
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Q1) Hiram is about to agree to sell a specific antique book to Natasha for $30 000.Hiram is willing to let Natasha have possession of the goods immediately.Furthermore,he is willing to sell the book on credit and to allow her to pay in ten monthly instalments.However,he is also concerned that she might become insolvent before paying the full price.If that occurred,he would want to be able to recover the book itself,rather than simply sue Natasha.After all,if she becomes bankrupt,she will not have enough money to fully satisfy all of the claims against her.Is Hiram's position truly at risk? If so,is there anything that he can do when creating his contract with Natasha to protect himself? Explain your answer.
Q2) Helene operates a beauty salon.She cut Bentley's hair in exchange for the payment of $25.She also gave him a small bottle of shampoo as a gift sampler.The parties' transaction regarding the shampoo is governed by the Sale of Goods Act.
A)True
B)False
Q3) The Sale of Goods Act applies only to sales contracts.A sale includes both a sale in which the buyer immediately acquires the property,and an agreement for sale in which property passes some time after the contract is created.Identify and briefly explain three types of transactions that are not governed by the statute.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Special Contracts: Negotiable Instruments
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Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE with respect to notice of dishonour?
A)Notice of dishonour only needs to be provided against a party that did not endorse an instrument.
B)In some circumstances,an endorser may be held liable even if it did not actually receive notice of dishonour following the dishonour of a cheque.
C)Notice of dishonour is significant mainly because it relieves the drawee of a cheque of liability.
D)Once notice of dishonour is given to one endorser,it is automatically effective against all prior endorsers.
E)To be effective,notice of dishonour normally can be provided any time within six months of dishonour.
Q2) The Bills of Exchange Act and the Sale of Goods Act both arose as codifications of judge-made rules.Furthermore,the original legislation in each case was intended to increase certainty and efficiency in the commercial world.There is,however,a major difference between the two statutes.One generally provides default rules that the parties are free to accept or reject.The other does not allow the parties to freely opt in and out of its sections.Which of the two statutes is less flexible and why?
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Chapter 15: Real Property: Interests and Leases
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Q1) Téa and David are co-tenants of Blackacre.There are no other co-tenants.Blackacre has been leased to the Bland Corp for $50 000.That profit does not necessarily have to be split equally between Téa and David.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Juan owns a piece of land.Yolanda enjoys a profit à prendre with respect to Juan's land.This must mean that A)Juan has a life estate.
B)Yolanda is allowed to travel across Juan's land in order to reach a neighbouring property.
C)Juan's property is part of a condominium.
D)Yolanda is entitled to share in the money that Juan receives after selling his property. E)Yolanda has a right to take something from Juan's land.
Q3) Clyde has applied to a court for an order for partition.Assuming that that application will be successful,what type of property interest might he currently enjoy? What will be the effect when the court grants an order for partition?
Q4) Explain the concept of "expropriation."
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17
Chapter 16: Real Property: Sales and Mortgages
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Q1) Solomon recently purchased a piece of land for $200 000.A short time later,however,the land was seized by the government and sold.That is true even though Solomon never breached any obligation and always paid his debts on time.Which of the following statements may best explain this set of events?
A)Solomon purchased a piece of land that contained squatters.
B)The land is subject to a public easement.
C)Solomon's vendor was subject to a writ of execution before Solomon acquired the land.
D)Solomon exercised a purchaser's lien.
E)An official at the registry office wrote Solomon's name on the wrong certificate of title.
Q2) Flora lives in Winnipeg and has recently defaulted on her mortgage.Which of the following will likely occur?
A)The mortgagee will have the property made available to them.
B)Flora will have her property taken and be sued for the outstanding debt.
C)Flora will be sued for the outstanding debt.
D)The mortgagee will exercise their charge over the land.
E)Flora will transfer ownership of the land to the mortgagee.
Q3) Briefly explain the need for some form of land registration system.
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Chapter 17: Personal Property: Bailment and Insurance
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Q1) Alan purchased a piece of land from Zirka.He used a cheque to pay for the price.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)The piece of paper that Zirka received is a chose in action.
B)The land that Alan purchased is a type of chose in possession.
C)The rights represented by the cheque are a type of intangible property.
D)The rights represented by the cheque are a type of chattel.
E)The land is a chose in action.
Q2) Erin owns and operates a computer design business that employs 20 people.She recently purchased business interruption insurance and key person insurance.What was her likely purpose in doing so?
Q3) Kalinda parked her car on Dev's land.In deciding whether the parties have created a licence,rather than a bailment,a court would look exclusively at the price (if any)that Dev charged Kalinda.If the price was above market value,a bailment was created.Otherwise,a licence was created.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Explain the meaning and relevance of "inherent vice."
Q5) What is subrogation? What is indemnification? How are these two concepts related?
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Chapter 18: Intellectual Property
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Q1) While visiting his parents in Toronto,Egon went to a see a local band at a bar.He purchased the compact disk they had for sale,and took it back to his hometown in Victoria,BC.Once there,Egon made copies of the compact disk onto tapes and sold them at his record store for $5 each.Which of the following is TRUE?
A)It is likely that Egon infringed the band's copyright,because in Canada it is illegal to make a copy of an audio recording without permission from the artist.
B)It is likely that Egon infringed the band's copyright,because in Canada it is illegal to make a copy of an audio recording without permission from SOCAN.
C)It is likely that Egon infringed the band's copyright,because in Canada it is illegal to make a copy of an audio recording for commercial purposes.
D)It is unlikely that Egon infringed the band's copyright because BC and Ontario are subject to separate copyright regimes.
E)It is unlikely that Egon infringed the band's copyright because audio recordings are not protected by copyright.
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Page 20
Chapter 19: Electronic Commerce
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Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Electronic commerce discourages international business transactions.
B)Technology allows contracts to be performed less efficiently.
C)Technology increases marketing costs.
D)The law governing electronic commerce is uncertain.
E)Electronic commerce is governed by a set of international treaties.
Q2) RAS Auto Parts,a Canadian company,recently received some decidedly unfavourable publicity stemming from an incident that took place at a Caribbean conference attended by its board of directors.The story was published in the Trinidad Daily Online.RAS would like to bring a defamation suit against the Daily Online in Canada.In order to obtain jurisdiction in Canada,under the effects-based approach,which of the following elements must RAS prove?
A)how the harm was suffered
B)why the harm was suffered
C)where the harm was suffered
D)what harm was done
E)that RAS is incorporated in Canada
Q3) Identify and briefly explain the provisions of the Canadian Code of Practice for Consumer Protection in Electronic Commerce that deal with advertising communications and potential customers.
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Chapter 20: Agency and Other Methods of Carrying on Business
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Q1) Orestes was employed as the manager of Coral Gables Horse Farm,a business carried on by Coral Gables Inc.Orestes was responsible for the day-to-day operations of the farm,including the care and maintenance of the horses and the management of the staff.Calum owned all the shares in the corporation and was the sole director and officer of Coral Gables Inc.He was the only one who had authority to buy new horses.In January,Calum asked Orestes to go to the local horse dealer and buy two stallions.Orestes bought the horses.Orestes thought that he had been given a general authority to buy horses for the farm,but that was not Calum's intention.In February,Orestes went to the horse dealer without Calum's permission and purported to buy from the horse dealer two more stallions on behalf of the corporation.When the horse dealer delivered the horses and asked for payment,Calum refused.Can the horse dealer enforce the contract? If not,does the horse dealer have any other remedy?
Q2) Which of the following business arrangements might not involve an agency relationship?
A)joint venture
B)strategic alliance
C)distributorship
D)stockbroker
E)single transaction arm's length sales contract between two businesses
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Chapter 21: Basic Forms of Business Organizations
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Q1) Francesca and Michael carefully completed the articles of incorporation for a corporation they want to incorporate under the Canada Business Corporations Act.They chose a name,FranMic Corporation,and obtained a name search report.They submitted the report along with the necessary fee and were issued a certificate of incorporation certifying that FranMic Corporation was incorporated on November 12,2012.They are very pleased that all this paper work is finished and they can start business.Is there anything else they should do or issues they should address as a matter of corporate law?
Q2) If you were considering selling $1 million worth of computer equipment to a partnership on credit,which of the following factors would influence your assessment of the ability of the partnership to pay you back?
A)the value of the personal assets of the individual partners
B)whether the individual partners had agreed to indemnify each other against any partnership liabilities that they have to pay individually
C)the value of the assets of the partner's spouses
D)the value of the personal assets of the employees of the partnership business
E)the designations of heirs that the partners had made in their respective wills
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Chapter 22: Legal Rules for Corporate Governance
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Q1) Regal Cinemas Inc operates a movie theatre in a small town in Manitoba.It has a chance to enter into long-term leases on the only other theatres in town.The landlord has refused to enter into the lease,however,unless Regal can put up a deposit of $50 000 and Regal has no money.Regal is very anxious to get the leases because there is an outstanding offer from MoviePlex Inc for all the shares of the corporation if the corporation has the leases on these other cinemas.The directors of the board,consisting of five people,decide that the best way to get Regal the money is for each of them to buy 100 shares for $100 each.The directors buy the shares,cause Regal to enter the leases,and then,on the next day,all the shareholders of Regal,including the directors,sell their shares to MoviePlex for $150.Once MoviePlex has all the shares,it elects new directors.The new directors cause the corporation to sue the former directors for the profits they made on the share sale,claiming that participating in the transaction in the way they did was a breach of their fiduciary duty.Do you agree? Explain you reasons.
Q2) Identify and briefly explain the significance of Canadian Air Services Ltd v O'Malley (Case Brief 22.1).
Q3) The shotgun buy-sell is a drastic but effective mechanism for resolving shareholder disputes.Do you agree with this statement? Please give your reasons.
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Chapter 23: Secured Transactions
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Q1) Which of the following is TRUE? A bank will be more likely to lend money to a borrower if the borrower grants the bank a security interest in its assets because
A)the security interest prevents the borrower from defaulting.
B)if the borrower defaults,the security interest guarantees that those assets can be seized by the bank,sold,and the proceeds used to pay back the loan.
C)if the borrower defaults,the security interest means that the bank has a right to seize the assets,sell them,and use the proceeds to pay back the loan.
D)if the borrower defaults,the bank will be able to get a court order allowing it to seize the assets,sell them,and use the proceeds to pay back the loan.
E)the bank does not have to worry about whether the loan is paid back because it can keep the debtor's assets.
Q2) Royal Bank is considering making a loan to O'Dell Inc,a manufacturer of computers.O'Dell is seeking a loan of $100 000 repayable over three years.If you were the bank manager,what kinds of information would you need to assess the risk of non-payment by O'Dell?
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25
Chapter 24: Dealing With Bankruptcy and Insolvency
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Q1) Ludmilla and Sudash carry on a catering business.They form ICING Inc,a caterer that specializes in frozen desserts and elaborate ice sculptures used for centerpieces.The corporation purchases a refrigerated truck with the help of a loan from Bank X.The bank takes a security interest in the truck to secure the full amount of the loan,which is $70 000.Unknown to the bank,however,the truck is worth substantially more than the value of the loan.If ICING goes bankrupt and the bank seizes and sells the truck for $80 000,it will
A)be allowed to retain the entire proceeds of the sale,$80 000.
B)not be allowed to retain the $80 000 proceeds from the sale of the truck.Any value beyond $70 000 will have to be paid into the bankrupt's estate for distribution to other creditors.
C)have to share the $80 000 proceeds from the sale of the truck with ICING's other creditors,whether secured or unsecured.
D)have to share the $80 000 proceeds from the sale of the truck with other secured creditors on a pro rata basis.
E)be able to keep only a portion of the $80 000 proceeds from the sale of the truck and sue ICING Inc for any deficiency.
Q2) Explain why bankruptcy is a federal responsibility under Canadian law.
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Chapter 25: Government Regulation of Business
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Q1) The Ether Store Inc is trying to break into the potentially lucrative world of online retailing.Given the competitive nature of the field,it believes that the key to success is advertising and promotion.It therefore has asked you to review and assess several proposals that it has developed.Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Because it is considered relatively less harmful than other sorts of offences,misleading advertising is always treated as a civilly reviewable matter under the Competition Act
B)Misleading advertising is not committed under the Competition Act unless the court is satisfied that at least one customer was actually misled.
C)Although there have been calls for reform,the Competition Act does not yet regulate telemarketing.
D)Deceptive telemarketing is an offence.
E)A due diligence defence is never available in connection with advertising offences.
Q2) Government's role in the regulation of business in Canada is limited by key legal principles.Discuss with reference to three principles encountered in Chapter 25.
Q3) Who regulates the environment in Canada?
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Chapter 26: Individual Employment
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Q1) Jason is a notoriously lazy individual.Consequently,while he recently returned to the workforce after exhausting his eligibility for employment insurance benefits,he is anxious to earn as much as possible while doing no more than is necessary for his new employer,Big Boy Pants and Shoes (BBPS).Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Employment standards legislation prohibits BBPS from asking Jason to work on a statutory holiday,and must instead ask its employees for volunteers.
B)Minimum wage rules apply only if Jason is paid on an hourly basis.
C)Jason is entitled to a 15 minute rest period every 2 hours.
D)Employment standards legislation states that Jason is entitled to an annual vacation,and that he is entitled to take his vacation whenever he wants to do so.
E)Jason is entitled to take a statutorily defined time off work to vote on election days.
Q2) Chloe lives in Quebec.Her employer recently asked her to work on Canada Day.If she takes the shift,she is entitled to additional pay.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is a release? Who signs it? The employer or the employee? Why?
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Chapter 27: Organized Labour
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Q1) The workers at the Great Grain Company are unhappy with their working conditions.By adopting a "work to rule" philosophy,they hoped to persuade management to offer a better deal.Management refused to be moved,however,and pointed to the fact that the collective agreement still had three weeks left to run.The workers therefore began to plan their next move.As the head of the union,you want to put as much pressure as possible on your employer,but you are also anxious to avoid breaking the law.Which of the following strategies would you adopt?
A)While it would be unlawful to go on strike while the collective agreement is still in force,you are allowed to immediately commence a secondary picket against the company's suppliers or buyers.
B)You should wait until the collective agreement has expired,and then call a lockout.
C)Call a strike as soon as possible,because as a matter of law,management must eventually allow the workers to return to their jobs.
D)While there are legal hazards with other strategies,the right to strike is protected by the Charter.
E)Poll the members of the union to obtain a vote in favour of going on strike if necessary at the end of the collective agreement.
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