Contemporary World Politics
Final Test Solutions
Course Introduction
Contemporary World Politics examines the major trends, issues, and actors shaping global affairs in the 21st century. The course analyzes the role of international organizations, great power politics, economic globalization, regional conflicts, and transnational challenges such as terrorism, human rights, climate change, and migration. By exploring case studies and theoretical perspectives, students gain a deeper understanding of the complexities of international relations, the shifting balance of power, and the impact of global events on national and local communities.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Comparative Politics 6th Edition by Mark Kesselman\
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14 Chapters
965 Verified Questions
965 Flashcards
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Page 2
Chapter 1: Introducing Comparative Politics
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Sample Questions
Q1) As compared with consolidated democracies and authoritarian regimes, transitional democracies are characterized by
A) more legal protection than consolidated democracies but less than in authoritarian regimes.
B) more legal protection for economic and social rights but less for political rights.
C) more protection for civil liberties than either consolidated democracies or authoritarian regimes.
D) fewer legal protections of citizen rights and liberties than in a consolidated democracy but more than in authoritarian regimes.
E) fewer legal protections than in either consolidated democracies or authoritarian regimes.
Answer: D
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Chapter 2: Britain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Universal suffrage for both men and women above the age of 21 was achieved in the UK in
A) 1832.
B) 1884.
C) 1918.
D) 1922.
E) 1928.
Answer: E
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE about the UK Supreme Court?
A) It removed the authority as the highest court of appeal from the House of Lords when it was created in 2009.
B) It cannot rule on the constitutionality of acts of Parliament like the U.S. Supreme Court.
C) It has caused concern among British observers that its senior judges may become more isolated and subject to political attacks by British politicians.
D) None of the above is true.
E) All of the above statements are true.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: France
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Sample Questions
Q1) The civil solidarity pact
A) expands the right of citizens to participate in demonstrations.
B) grants the legal rights and benefits to unmarried and gay couples that had previously been available to only married couples.
C) outlaws "groups dangerous to French national solidarity."
D) creates jobs for young people.
E) bans the wearing of conspicuous religious symbols.
Answer: B
Q2) Most of France's international trade is with
A) its former colonies in Africa and Asia.
B) other member-states of the European Union.
C) the United States.
D) Japan.
E) China.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Germany
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Sample Questions
Q1) Voter turnout in federal elections average between
A) 40 and 50 percent.
B) 50 and 60 percent.
C) 60 and 70 percent.
D) 30 and 40 percent.
E) 80 and 90 percent.
Q2) The social market claims to represent a balance between free-enterprise capitalism and state-led socialism. First, discuss the major characteristics of this set of policy options that characterize the German political economy, paying particular attention to how it differs from both capitalism and socialism. Second, analyze the strengths and weakness of the social market system. Finally, assess how this system has been and is being impacted by such challenges as globalization and continued integration with the European Union.
Q3) The social market economy is
A) a sharp conflict between socialism and capitalism.
B) a capitalist economy with generous social benefits.
C) a democratic socialist economic program.
D) the economic program of the former East Germany.
E) a central command economy.
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Page 6
Chapter 5: Japan
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements about the Japanese monarchy is NOT true?
A) According to tradition and law, only males are allowed to succeed to the throne.
B) Under the current constitution, the emperor serves only a symbolic role as the head of state.
C) The issue of patrilineage has never been a matter of debate in the country.
D) Japan has the oldest surviving monarchy in the world.
E) The current imperial family is quite small.
Q2) Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A) Japan has de facto permanent seats in the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank.
B) All past governors of the Asian Development Bank have been Japanese.
C) Japan is a founding member of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum.
D) Japan was prevented from joining the United Nations by the Soviet Union until the late 1980s.
E) Japan is the second largest contributor to the UN budget.
Q3) The Allied occupation brought about a number of reforms to democratize and demilitarize Japan. What were the most important of these? How successful were they and in what sense?
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Page 7
Chapter 6: India
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT true?
A) The Indian military is highly professionalized and apolitical.
B) Increasingly, the Indian government has relied upon paramilitary forces to maintain internal order.
C) The Indian police forces are generally seen as being corrupt, inefficient, and political.
D) The country's police forces operate under the control of the national government.
E) The country's paramilitary forces operate under the control of the national government.
Q2) The prime minister is selected by
A) the party with the most seats in the Rayja Sabha.
B) the party with the most seats in the Lok Sabha.
C) the party with the most seats in both the Rayha Sabha and the Lok Sabha.
D) a direct election.
E) the cabinet from among its members.
Q3) Discuss the major underpinnings to secularism in India. Explain why the challenges to secularism have grown and yet why India remains a secular state.
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Chapter 7: The United States
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is NOT true?
A) Education has always been a state and local responsibility in the United States.
B) State and local governments provide services to the citizens more directly than the federal government.
C) Both state and local governments are a form of federalism.
D) An important role of state and local government concerns experimenting with policy innovation.
E) All of the above are true statements.
Q2) The term divided government refers to
A) the period in which the Southern states seceded from the union.
B) a period in which one party controls the presidency and another controls at least one chamber of the Congress.
C) a period in which the national government is controlled by one party and a sizeable number of states are controlled by another party.
D) the period between the presidential election and the formal vote by the Electoral College.
E) the separation of powers between the presidency and the Congress.
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Chapter 8: Russia
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Sample Questions
Q1) Asymmetrical federalism refers to
A) a situation that developed in the 1990s in Russia where some subnational governments had greater or lesser power than others.
B) the constitutional provision that allows the central government to replace governing institutions of subnational governments.
C) the principle that federal law takes precedence over regional law in Russia.
D) the constitutional provision that allows the federal legislature to overturn regional laws.
E) the idea that political power in Russia rests at the subnational level.
Q2) The Presidium is
A) the formal name of the Russian prime minister's cabinet.
B) a small body that acts as the executive committee of the larger cabinet.
C) the name given to the collection of various deputy prime ministers.
D) the name of the upper chamber of the Russian legislature.
E) the name given to the body of unelected advisors surrounding the president.
Q3) How have center-periphery (national-regional) relations changed in post-communist Russia? What have been the political effects of this change? In light of this, can one argue that Russia is truly a federal system?
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Page 10
Chapter 9: Brazil
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Sample Questions
Q1) Brazil's military and civilian police forces
A) have emerged since the 1990s as being highly efficient and successful in reducing the crime rate especially in urban areas.
B) have been efficient at greatly reducing the crime rate but at the cost of human rights.
C) have been accused of arbitrary detention, torture, corruption and even systemic killings.
D) have only rarely been victims of attacks by organized crime syndicates.
E) have been characterized by all of the above.
Q2) During the transition from military rule to democracy, the Catholic Church
A) supported the continuance of military rule because it shared similar conservative political ideas with it.
B) organized popular opposition to military rule.
C) chose neither to oppose or support the military actively.
D) passively supported the military while not actively speaking in favor of military rule.
E) passively opposed military rule while directing its officials and associated organizations to take no direct action against it.
Q3) Discuss how the Brazilian state is a mixture of professionalism and clientelism.
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Chapter 10: Mexico
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Sample Questions
Q1) The president is elected for
A) one non-renewable four-year term.
B) unlimited renewable terms of six years.
C) unlimited renewable terms of three years.
D) one non-renewable six-year term
E) a six-year term which may be renewed only once.
Q2) What factors helped to bring about the end of the PRI's hegemonic position? Why was the party unable to adequately respond to these factors?
Q3) How are members of the Chamber of Deputies elected?
A) In first-past-the-post elections in individual districts
B) Through a system of proportional representation
C) As representatives from specific sectors in Mexican society
D) Through a combination of proportional representation and simple majority
E) Through appointment by the president
Q4) In its history, Mexico has been invaded by A) Spain.
B) France.
C) the United States.
D) all of the above.
E) none of the above.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: South Africa
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Sample Questions
Q1) The South African National Defense Force
A) is much larger than the apartheid era military.
B) has played a major role in continental peacekeeping efforts.
C) has actively cooperated with U.S. military forces in anti-terror raids in the region.
D) is an amalgamation of the old South African Defense Force, homeland militias, and guerrilla armies.
E) has worked closely with South Africa's police forces to provide internal security against domestic Islamic terrorists.
Q2) Which of the following is NOT true of the divestment and credit denial campaign of the 1980s?
A) It was seen by South African policy makers as more alarming than international sanctions as it might lead to diminished access to advanced technology.
B) It helped to ensure that the South Africa's foreign debt remained fairly low.
C) It was a reaction to a state of emergency imposed in 1985.
D) It led to the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act in the United States.
E) It was initiated by the United Nations.
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Chapter 12: Nigeria
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Sample Questions
Q1) According to the text, further consolidation of democracy in Nigeria will require
A) stable coalitions that balance power among the competing groups.
B) replacing the system of competitive oligarchy that currently exists with a more representative one.
C) the creation of a viable multiethnic opposition party.
D) further decentralization of power.
E) all of the above.
Q2) One strategy civilian governments have used to keep the military away from politics concerns
A) redirecting it towards peacekeeping exercises.
B) paying it off in the form of substantial increases in defense spending.
C) forming a civilian police force that acts as a check on military power.
D) charging and convicting military officers with human rights abuses.
E) instituting more ethnic quotas as a means to divide it.
Q3) Nigeria has spent most of its independent existence under military rule. What have been some of the most important legacies of military rule with which the Fourth Republic has had to contend? How have these been addressed? Which remain the most destabilizing?
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Page 14
Chapter 13: Iran
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Sample Questions
Q1) Iran's semipublic institutions
A) existed under the Shah and retained by the Islamic Republic.
B) are important autonomous political actors in the Islamic Republic.
C) are important economic actors due to their extensive economic holdings and their exemption from state taxes.
D) have become weaker as a result of the state's move to privatize them.
E) All of the above statements are true.
Q2) The United States has accused Iran of all of the following EXCEPT
A) sabotaging the Arab-Israeli peace process.
B) helping terrorist organizations like Hamas and Hezbollah.
C) developing a nuclear weapons program.
D) complicity in the 9/11 attacks.
E) training and supporting insurgents in Iraq.
Q3) Which agency has the authority to approve candidates for elections?
A) Guardian Council
B) Assembly of Religious Experts
C) Expediency Council
D) Interior Ministry
E) National Election Board
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Page 15
Chapter 14: China
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Sample Questions
Q1) Falun Gong is
A) a spiritual movement that combines elements from Buddhism and Taoism and traditional Chinese physical exercises.
B) a labor union protesting against unfair labor conditions.
C) a political party opposed to the Chinese Communist Party.
D) a youth group that promotes good social behavior and patriotism.
E) the national Chinese soccer team.
Q2) Which of the following is TRUE of the Chinese military?
A) It is the largest armed force in the world and has the world's largest military budget.
B) It has not had to rely upon a draft to fill its ranks.
C) The government has steadily reduced the military budget over the last two decades.
D) It has seized power several times.
E) It is the largest armed force in the world but ranks behind the United States in terms of total size of its budget and the number of military personnel per capita.
Q3) What have been the major social consequences of China's rapid economic growth over the past few decades? What political impacts might these bring?
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Page 16