Cognitive Psychology Practice Exam
Course Introduction
Cognitive Psychology explores the fundamental mental processes that underlie human thought and behavior, including perception, attention, memory, language, problem-solving, and decision-making. This course examines how individuals acquire, process, store, and retrieve information, integrating findings from experimental research and theoretical models. Students will gain a comprehensive understanding of how cognitive mechanisms operate in both typical and atypical populations, and how these processes impact everyday functioning. Through the analysis of case studies, experiments, and current advances in the field, learners will develop a critical awareness of the scientific study of the mind.
Recommended Textbook
Psychology From Inquiry to Understanding 2nd Australia Edition by Scott O. Lilienfeld
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17 Chapters
2610 Verified Questions
2610 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: Science and Pseudoscience in Psychology
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the natural world, there often are many different factors associated with the occurrence of a particular outcome. Therefore, it is important that we as critical thinkers ________ whenever possible.
A)create untestable theories
B)propose complex statements of causation
C)remember that correlation equals causation
D)rule out rival hypotheses
Answer: D
Q2) According to Occam's Razor, evaluation of psychological phenomena demands the most ________ explanation to account for the available data.
A)complex
B)popular
C)conventional
D)simple
Answer: D
Q3) ________ refers to a person's belief that he or she accurately and objectively sees the world as it is.
Answer: Naive realism
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3
Chapter 2: Research Methods
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113 Verified Questions
113 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A correlation coefficient will always range between
A)0 and 1.
B) 10 and +10.
C)0 per cent and 100 per cent.
D) 1.0 and +1.0.
Answer: D
Q2) Dr Fortner is discussing cognitive psychology with his introductory psychology class and says that we act as cognitive misers when making judgements about others or making decisions. What does Dr Fortner mean with this statement?
A)We are frequently incorrect in our judgements and decision making.
B)We value accuracy in our judgements and decisions.
C)We are lazy and conserve mental energy by simplifying the world.
D)We will use heuristics only as long as they give us the correct answer.
Answer: C
Q3) Bauer (1992)argued that the scientific method is a myth because the techniques and strategies employed by scientists vary according to the ________ in which they are working.
Answer: discipline
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4
Chapter 3: Biological Psychology
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) As she walks out of the living room, Gloriann turns out the light. In this example, Gloriann's ________ nervous system is active.
A)sympathetic
B)parasympathetic
C)autonomic
D)somatic
Answer: D
Q2) The ________ nervous system is composed of the brain and the spinal cord.
A)central
B)autonomic
C)peripheral
D)somatic
Answer: A
Q3) Damage to the cerebellum is likely to disrupt which of the following?
A)Playing basketball
B)Sleeping
C)Homeostasis
D)Thinking
Answer: A
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Sensation and Perception
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141 Verified Questions
141 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Our sense of hearing is called A)audition.
B)gustation.
C)olfaction.
D)proprioception.
Q2) The ability to perceive stimuli consistently despite variations in viewing conditions is called ________.
Q3) Describe the general process of how light enters the eye and is transmitted to the brain to be perceived.
Q4) The part of the ear we see is called the A)cochlea.
B)pinna.
C)tympanic membrane.
D)ossicle.
Q5) The name given to the sense of our body position is A)gustation.
B)proprioception.
C)somatosensory sense.
D)the vestibular sense.
Q6) What is the danger of lacking the ability to sense pain?
Page 6
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Chapter 5: Consciousness
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150 Verified Questions
150 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A newspaper advertisement describes a book that offers interpretations of dreams. In attempting to tell readers the meaning of the symbols of their dreams, the author intends to describe the ________.
A)latent content
B)deep content
C)manifest content
D)subliminal content
Q2) The best adjectives associated with the activation-synthesis hypothesis are ________.
A)meaningless and random
B)unconscious, symbolic, and meaningful
C)meaningful, problem-oriented, and historical
D)free and neurotic
Q3) Crystal is trying to study for her biology exam tomorrow. She is exhausted but knows that she has to pass that test. What drug is she likely to turn to?
A)Cocaine
B)Amphetamines
C)LSD
D)Quaalude
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Page 7
Chapter 6: Learning
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167 Verified Questions
167 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) A(n)________ is a mental representation of how a physical space is laid out or organised.
A)diathetical blueprint
B)mental diagram
C)internal schematic
D)cognitive map
Q2) A Skinner box is most likely to be used in research on ________.
A)classical conditioning
B)operant conditioning
C)cognitive learning
D)vicarious learning
Q3) In Pavlov's "salivating dogs" studies, the UCS was A)food.
B)noise.
C)salivation.
D)joy.
Q4) A teacher states that all students who complete five word problems by the end of class will be exempt from homework. The teacher is using a(n)________ schedule of reinforcement.
Q5) In Watson's study involving "Little Albert", a ________ was the CS.
Page 8
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Chapter 7: Memory
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173 Verified Questions
173 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Steve just joined a fraternity. He was introduced to 55 new "brothers". If asked to recall all of their names, which ones would he be most likely to struggle with?
A)The names of brothers in the middle of the group
B)The names of brothers at the beginning of the group
C)The names of brothers at the end of the group
D)Any names that were strange or peculiar
Q2) According to the research on the primacy effect, if your father read you a list of 10 items to pick up at the hardware store, you would most easily recall those items
A)from early in the list.
B)in the middle of the list.
C)from the end of the list.
D)that are most distinctive.
Q3) Long-term potentiation, which enhances learning, depends upon the neurotransmitter ________.
A)dopamine
B)acetylcholine
C)glutamate
D)GABA
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Chapter 8: Thinking, Reasoning and Language
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165 Verified Questions
165 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ refers to the rules of a language that guide us in the proper ways to construct a sentence.
Q2) Henry hears German spoken in his home, but he is exposed only to English in school.
It is likely that Henry will
A)fail to experience difficulties in either language.
B)have improved metalinguistic ability.
C)show metalinguistic deficits.
D)have difficulties in vocabulary, but not syntax.
Q3) The basic meaningful units of any language are called ________.
A)phonemes
B)morphemes
C)semantics
D)sound bytes
Q4) Although extralinguistic information is not a formal part of language, it does serve the purpose of
A)generally providing entertainment value, which captures our attention.
B)providing literal and factual information.
C)assisting in interpretation.
D)distracting us from the emotional aspects of communication.
Q5) Provide an example of how cognitive economy benefits you.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Intelligence and Iq Testing
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158 Verified Questions
158 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which controversial book caused a rather significant uproar when its authors, Richard Herrnstein and Charles Murray, suggested that some of the IQ gap between the races is genetic in origin?
A)The Cottingley Fairies
B)Outliers
C)The Mismeasure of Man
D)The Bell Curve
Q2) The phenomenon of IQ test scores rising three points per decade is referred to as the ________.
Q3) Which of the following individuals might be suffering from intellectual disability?
A)Camille, who has an IQ of 67 as a result of a motorcycle accident when she was 35
B)Ivan, who was assessed with an IQ of 62 when he was nine and lives with his mother now that he's an adult
C)Jess, who has an IQ of 68 and lives by herself
D)Arius, who has an IQ of 82 and holds down a job as a custodian
Q4) ________ proposed that intelligence was comprised of analytical, practical, and creative-thinking skills.
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11
Chapter 10: Human Development
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164 Verified Questions
164 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) During which of the following age ranges does fertility reach its peak in women?
A)15-20 years of age
B)20-25 years of age
C)25-30 years of age
D)30-35 years of age
Q2) If you wanted to study developmental effects, which type of research would be the best to conduct?
A)A longitudinal study
B)A cross-sectional study
C)A quasi-experimental study
D)A naturalistic observation
Q3) Research exploring infantile temperament has found that there are generally three different temperaments. They are
A)anxious, responsive, and relaxed.
B)sensorimotor, preoperational, and operational.
C)secure, insecure, and disorganised.
D)easy, difficult, and slow-to-warm-up.
Q4) Using specific examples, differentiate between the thinking patterns of a six-year-old student and a nine-year-old student, according to Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Emotion and Motivation
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183 Verified Questions
183 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Identify at least five variables that are correlated with happiness and briefly explain how they are important to happiness.
Q2) People sometimes bite their fingernails when they are anxious. This is one example of ________.
A)a manipulator
B)an emblem
C)an illustrator
D)nonverbal communication
Q3) Emotional expressions are a method of ________ our inner states and intentions to others
Q4) A newspaper reporter looks for interesting stories related to weight, weight control, and obesity. In recent years, which of these titles might have been used for a story?
A)"Leptin: A Hormone Regulating Body Fat"
B)"Stomach Size: An Overlooked Factor in Hunger"
C)"When It Comes to Weight, Focus on the Right Hemisphere"
D)"Obesity: Not Really a Problem Anymore"
Q5) People with positive illusions about themselves usually have ________ self-esteem.
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Chapter 12: Stress, Coping and Health
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139 Verified Questions
139 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) In comparison to nonreligious people, religious individuals have
A)higher mortality rates and higher blood pressure.
B)lower mortality rates and lower blood pressure.
C)higher mortality rates and lower blood pressure.
D)lower mortality rates and higher blood pressure.
Q2) The stress-response pattern proposed by Hans Selye that consists of three stages-alarm, resistance, and exhaustion-is called the ________ syndrome.
A)tension remediation
B)stress inoculation
C)functional limitation
D)general adaptation
Q3) Research has found that the body's immune system can attack your own body parts, leading to all but which of the following conditions?
A)Arthritis
B)Diabetes
C)Multiple sclerosis
D)AIDS
Q4) Discuss stress as both a cause and effect of illness.
Q5) Discuss the role of stress in coronary heart disease (CHD).
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Chapter 13: Social Psychology
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173 Verified Questions
173 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Nicola, Billy, Jamal, and Samara are assigned a group project. Jamal ends up doing almost the entire project because the others did not contribute much to the project. This phenomenon is known as ________.
Q2) Discuss attitude change and the types of persuasive techniques that can be used on people.
Q3) When Jacob's girlfriend and her friends stopped by his house during a basketball game with his friends, Jacob's performance increased slightly due to what Zajonc calls
A)social facilitation
B)prosocial facilitation
C)attribution
D)social disruption
Q4) Which of the following researchers' work was the most influential in shaping our understanding of conformity?
A)Hans Eysenck
B)Solomon Asch
C)Martin Seligman
D)Muzafer Sherif
Q5) Discuss bystander nonintervention and what factors influence intervention.
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Chapter 14: Cross-Cultural Psychology
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59 Verified Questions
59 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) ________ means studying a culture's behaviour from the point of view of an insider.
Q2) In Hofstede's value dimensions, the degree of integration of individuals within groups is known as ________.
A)power distance
B)uncertainty avoidance
C)individualism-collectivism
D)masculinity-femininity
Q3) Generally, research into in-group and out-group perception and relationships produces very mixed results. Some of the studies show consistent patterns, but Ward, Bochner and Furnham, criticise the results because they are drawn from a small range of multicultural societies and are based on generally ethnocentric perceptions of acculturation. Upon which principle of scientific thinking is this criticism based?
A)Correlation versus causation
B)Occam's Razor
C)Testability
D)Replicability
Q4) How does Australian Indigenous psychology differ from "Western" psychology?
Q5) Culture helps us to ________ ourselves and interact with others.
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Chapter 15: Personality
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174 Verified Questions
174 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) You notice your classmate Hannah chewing on her pencil as she takes her psychology final. Which psychosexual stage may not have been resolved?
A)Genital
B)Phallic
C)Oral
D)Anal
Q2) The idea that all psychological events have an underlying cause is better known as
A)common sense.
B)experimental psychology.
C)popular psychology.
D)psychic determinism.
Q3) Which of the following believes humans have a natural motivation to reach their highest potential?
A)Maslow
B)Skinner
C)Adler
D)Jung
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Psychological Disorders
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181 Verified Questions
181 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Any pattern of behaviour that causes people significant distress, is uncommon in society, and/or harms their ability to function in daily life, may indicate the presence of
A)a mental disorder
B)humours
C)stress syndrome
D)adaptive behaviour
Q2) Research has shown that persons who suffer from obsessive-compulsive disorder have more active ________ lobes than persons without the disorder.
A)frontal
B)occipital
C)parietal
D)temporal
Q3) Believing that the government or other people are out to get you is one way in which sufferers of schizophrenia experience their ________.
A)compulsions
B)delusions
C)hallucinations
D)obsessions
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Page 18
Chapter 17: Psychological and Biological Treatments
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178 Verified Questions
178 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Dr Johnson tells her students not to think of a white rabbit during the lecture. Within a few seconds, many students report that they have already thought of a white rabbit. This casts doubt on
A)all claims made by the psychoanalytic or psychodynamic therapies.
B)the existence of repressed memories from traumatic events.
C)the importance of insight as a therapeutic goal.
D)the usefulness of active listening as a therapeutic technique.
Q2) Ronnie, a mentally challenged 45-year-old male, lives in a group home. He receives play money for cleaning his bedroom and other chores that he can later "spend" on group activities around the city, new clothes, or candy. Ronnie's behaviour is being directed by a(n)________ economy.
Q3) According to the authors, behavioural therapists have been diligent in making only those claims that fit with the data about the effectiveness of their therapeutic techniques. A critical thinker would recognise this as what is required by the critical-thinking principle of ________.
A)extraordinary claims
B)falsifiability
C)parsimony
D)replication
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Page 19