Capstone Project in Education Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
The Capstone Project in Education is a culminating experience designed to synthesize and apply the knowledge, skills, and research methods acquired throughout the education program. Students will identify a relevant issue or challenge within the field of education, design an in-depth project or research study, and implement practical solutions or conduct original research. The course emphasizes critical thinking, reflective practice, and effective communication, requiring students to present their findings or solutions in both written and oral formats. Successful completion of the capstone project demonstrates mastery of educational theories and practices, preparing students for professional roles or advanced study in the field.
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Educational Research Competencies for Analysis and Applications Global Edition 11th Edition by
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Educational Research
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Q1) Of the following, which is a type of qualitative research?
A) Correlational
B) Causal-comparative
C) Ethnographic
D) Experimental
Answer: C
Q2) Narrative is a method employed by
A) quantitative researchers.
B) qualitative researchers.
C) experimental researchers.
D) empirical researchers.
Answer: B
Q3) Jackie is conducting a study at the local skate park on youth's use of slang language. She is unsure if she needs to submit her research to the IRB and asks for your opinion. How would you respond?
A) She does not need IRB permission because of anonymity.
B) She needs IRB permission because of personal privacy.
C) She does not need IRB permission because she is observing only.
D) She does not need IRB permission because there is no deception.
Answer: B
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Chapter 2: Selecting and Defining a Research Topic
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Q1) The hypothesis statement, Children in elementary school who exercise at least 5 hours a week are more popular in school than children who do not exercise at least 5 hours a week, illustrates which type of hypothesis statement?
A) Null hypothesis
B) Nondirectional
C) Directional
D) Correlational
Answer: C
Q2) Read the following hypothesis: Middle school students in an urban school who are trained in discussion techniques perform better on written tests of persuasive essays than those students who are not trained in discussion techniques. The independent variable in the stated hypothesis is:
A) urban school.
B) training in discussion techniques.
C) persuasive essay tests.
D) middle school students.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Reviewing the Literature
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Q1) According to the text, the review of literature is important early in a qualitative study because it
A) demonstrates assumptions of the research questions.
B) minimize the literature review by holding it early in the study.
C) provides a general understanding of the educational topic.
D) identifies the important variables for investigation in the study.
Answer: A
Q2) Of the following, which is likely a peer-reviewed source for an instructional design study?
A) a class textbook.
B) a chapter from an edited book.
C) a magazine article.
D) an article in a scholarly journal.
Answer: D
Q3) The annotating process is conducted
A) with the oldest references first.
B) with the most recent references first.
C) with the review articles first.
D) with the primary sources first.
Answer: B
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Chapter 4: Preparing and Evaluating a Research Plan
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Q1) Given Gabriel is sharing his dissertation proposal and Franklin is reporting on his final dissertation, which of the following is an accurate statement of the content of their work?
A) Franklin's report, but not Gabriel's proposal references existing research.
B) Gabriel's proposal but not Franklin's report includes a time line.
C) Franklin's report but not Gabriel's proposal includes a method section.
D) Gabriel's proposal but not Franklin's report includes conclusions.
Q2) Kim has developed a research plan and would like to critique it before submitting it to her advisor. Which of the following guidelines does the text recommend?
A) Engage a good editor to help with writing mechanics and flow.
B) Compare it to existing proposals available online.
C) Ask a colleague not involved in her research to review it critically.
D) Develop a list of all potential problems that may arise in the study.
Q3) In the review of the literature for a research plan, qualitative researchers are likely to
A) identify assumptions and theories that underlie research questions.
B) write their hypotheses prior to reviewing the literature.
C) identify the important variables to be studied.
D) not include any review of literature.
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Chapter 5: Selecting a Sample
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Q1) A coach running numerous training camps over the summer is interested in whether it is better to distribute practices into 4 sessions instead of 2 sessions daily. You have several hundred possible participants distributed at training camps in multiple schools throughout multiple districts. Which of the following is the best possible sampling strategy to use if you are interested in generalizability?
A) Snowball Sampling
B) Multistage sampling
C) Intensity sampling
D) Quota sampling
Q2) Kim needs to select 80 students from a group of 400 using simple random sampling. After listing all potential participants what will Kim do next?
A) Identify and define the population
B) Determine the sample size
C) Assign all individuals a consecutive number
D) Go to the random number table and start to select
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Chapter 6: Selecting Measurement Instruments
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Q1) Hanna is conducting a problem-solving study that relates learners' motivation to number of challenging problems attempted. She defines motivation as self-efficacy. She uses a self-report instrument to measure self-efficacy. Hanna has operationalized which of the following variables?
A) Self-efficacy
B) Motivation
C) Problem-solving
D) Challenging problems
Q2) Sam is a psychology researcher interested in personality differences between university faculty who do and do not include computer-assisted technology in their class lectures. He groups the faculty based upon use of computer-assisted technology, and he administers a 13-item Likert scale personality assessment. Which of the following would best classify this personality measure?
A) Nonprojective instrument
B) Projective instrument
C) Standardized instrument
D) Alternative assessment
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Chapter 7: Survey Research
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Q1) Jabar developed a survey to administer to measure untenured faculties perceptions of support by their Deans. One of the questions on his survey was, "Do you receive adequate support from the Dean?" Jabar found that few people answered this question. This is most likely because
A) the item is sensitive.
B) the respondent is not in a position to answer the item.
C) the item is open-ended.
D) the item is unclear.
Q2) The Hidden Valley school district has space concerns. They are considering moving the fifth grade students to the middle school. However, they would like to obtain students' input. In an effort to get the best information, they administer a survey regarding whether fifth graders should move to the middle school to every fourth grade student. The survey study is best described as a A) projective survey.
B) census survey.
C) population survey.
D) sample survey.
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Chapter 8: Correlational Research
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Q1) Gretchen wanted to see whether, given a sample of teachers' that graduated from colleges and Universities, GPA in college was related to starting salary as a teacher. Which correlation coefficient should Gretchen calculate?
A) Pearson r
B) eta
C) Kendall's tau
D) Spearman rho
Q2) A Phi coefficient is used for
A) rank level data.
B) continuous level data.
C) artificial dichotomous level data.
D) true dichotomous level data.
Q3) Sam concluded in his research report that as class size increased teaching efficacy also increased. Of the following which is a correlation coefficient would best support Sam's claim.
A) -.82
B) .09
C) .24
D) .68
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Chapter 9: Causal-Comparative Research
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Q1) Of the following, which likely describes a causal-comparative study?
A) The hygiene procedures followed during a day in a high school alternative schooling environment
B) The differences between mathematics learning outcomes in traditional and alternative schooling
C) The relationship between alternative schooling and later youth criminal offenses in urban youth offenders
D) The qualifications or credentials of teachers in a typical alternative school located in the southwest United States
Q2) Which of the following is considered an ability variable?
A) Scholastic aptitude
B) Self-concept
C) Social Economic Status
D) Sex
Q3) Of the following, which is considered an organismic variable?
A) Age
B) Marital status
C) Intelligence
D) Self-esteem
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Chapter 10: Experimental Research
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Q1) Laura has developed a new treatment to increase spatial ability. She randomly assigns students to either her intervention or a control condition. In the treatment condition students engage in working puzzles for twenty minutes a day for 10 days. Unfortunately, students do not like her intervention and refuse to do puzzles for all of the days. When she examines post-test means on the spatial ability measure, there are no differences between her treatment and the control condition. Which of the following demonstrates a threat to validity demonstrated in this study?
A) Maturation
B) Testing
C) Instrumentation
D) Mortality
Q2) How many cells does a 2 x 4 factorial design have?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8
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Chapter 11: Single-Subject Experimental Research
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Q1) In single-subject research, the most important type of significance is
A) generalized significance.
B) statistical significance.
C) effect size significance.
D) clinical significance.
Q2) Jacob is a child with aggressive behavior toward his peers. His counselor is trying a new intervention with him. First she observes his behavior during free-play time for 5 days. Next she administers a new self-monitoring strategy with him. She observes his behavior during free play time. Next she removes the self-monitoring requirement and observes his free play. Which of the following designs is Jacob's counselor is illustrating?
A) A-B
B) A-B-A
C) B-A-B
D) A-B-A-B
Q3) The single-variable rule suggests that single-subject designs
A) should only have one participant at a time.
B) should add or withdraw one variable during any study phase.
C) should only conducted by a single researcher and not teams of researchers
D) Should be generalizable to only one participant at a time.
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Chapter 12: Narrative Research
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Q1) Compared to quantitative research methods, narrative research is more A) objective.
B) valid.
C) interpretive.
D) generalizable.
Q2) According to your text, which of the following is a trend that has influenced the development of narrative research in education?
A) Increased interest in school cultures
B) Increased interest in international education
C) Increased number of students with first language other than English
D) Increased emphasis placed on teacher knowledge
Q3) Marge is a narrative researcher. Which of the following is most likely the goal for her study of young boys' sports injuries?
A) To catalog the number and type of injuries in a single calendar year
B) To increase awareness of sports injuries in youth sport
C) To help to develop awareness of the long term consequences of youth sport injuries
D) To explore the experiences of injured youth athletes and their families
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Chapter 13: Ethnographic Research
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Q1) Which of the following statements regarding field notes is consistent with recommendations made in your text?
A) Field notes should only contain factual observations.
B) Field notes should be as concise as possible
C) Field notes should be written as soon as possible after an observation.
D) Field notes are generally used as a secondary data source in ethnographic research.
Q2) Ethnographers are most interested in data that support
A) relationships among variables.
B) predictions variables can make.
C) cultural patterns of participants.
D) calculation of pertinent statistics.
Q3) Which of the following is a characteristic of ethnographic research?
A) Data are primarily collected through fieldwork experiences.
B) Ethnographic research is most often completed by research teams.
C) Ethnographic research requires little training but instead relies on intuition.
D) Ethnographic research is objective and devoid of political context.
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Chapter 14: Case Study Research
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Q1) Of the following, which is the best example of a multiple case study?
A) Josh compares the results of two studies conducted on the outcomes of environmental education programs.
B) Maricella compares the experiences of two different families as they cope with medical decisions related to their newborn children.
C) Kenya compares the self-reported family dynamics between male and female single-parent families
D) Nadia examines the differences between student writing outcomes between those provided personal laptops in school and those who are not provided laptops
Q2) James is interested in describing some plausible cause and effect relations within his case study data. Which of the following will James find most useful in his analysis?
A) Scatterplot
B) Time-ordered matrix
C) Site-ordered effects matrix
D) Cross-site matrix
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Chapter 15: Mixed Methods Research
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Q1) When researchers use qualitative methods to follow up on outliers or extreme cases based upon their quantitative data, they are employing a(n) __________ mixed methods research design.
A) convergent parallel
B) interpretation
C) exploratory sequential
D) explanatory sequential
Q2) Brenda studies first-generation college students. She uses institutional data that tracks these students from high-school into college until subsequent drop-out or graduation. She uses their student grades, major, and inventories of their feelings of success and attitudes about college. She then interviews a select number of the students to better understand the results. What is the notation for Brenda's study?
A) QUAN + QUAL
B) qual + QUAN
C) QUAL \(\to\) quan
D) QUAN \(\to\) qual
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Chapter 16: Action Research
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Q1) That action research should be socially responsive is a component of __________ action research.
A) practical
B) applied
C) reflective
D) critical
Q2) Emancipatory action research is also known as _____________ action research.
A) practical
B) applied
C) critical
D) reflective
Q3) For teachers working in school districts, who best determines the action research topics addressed in a school?
A) The district school board
B) Teachers conducting the research
C) Parents of children in the district
D) The children in the school district
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Chapter 17: Descriptive Statistics
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Q1) Cynthia is reporting standardized test scores to parents of her students. She knows that on the test she gave the mean is an 80 and the standard deviation is 6. If her student Sharona received a t score of 40, which of the following can we accurately conclude regarding Sharona's performance?
A) She had a raw score greater than 80.
B) She had a positive z score.
C) Her stanine score was an 8.
D) Her performance was less than average.
Q2) The measure that represents the difference between the highest and lowest score is the
A) standard deviation.
B) mean.
C) median.
D) range.
Q3) Machine-scored data can best assist with
A) the validity of the assessment.
B) the reliability of the assessment.
C) the reliability of the scoring.
D) the validity of the scoring.
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Chapter 18: Inferential Statistics
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Q1) Rose is sure that any significant differences in her reading intervention study will favor those children who were in her treatment condition. She therefore will not consider rejecting the null hypothesis that the groups are different in favor of her control condition. Rose will then
A) use a non-parametric test of significance.
B) apply a two-tailed test of significance.
C) apply a one-tailed test of significance.
D) use descriptive findings only to examine her data.
Q2) When one does follow-up tests to determine significant differences between groups in a comparison between means test, one test to use is the A) t test for nonindependent samples.
B) Scheffe test.
C) Chi Square.
D) Pearson r.
Q3) If a null hypothesis is rejected it means
A) the treatment causes significant differences.
B) there are no differences between treatments.
C) any differences between groups are due to sampling error.
D) the differences found between groups are not due to chance.
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Chapter 19: Qualitative Data Collection
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Q1) Jeb studies the motivation of young environmentalists. He wants to understand more about the ways in which these children think about environmental issues and how their ideas have developed. He identifies participants through a local 'green kids' group and goes to their next meeting. He selects several of the children through convenience, and asks them open-ended questions that he has written down in advance. He records their responses as they answer the questions. Jeb is best displaying which of the following types of interviews?
A) Unstructured and informal
B) Unstructured and formal
C) Structured and informal
D) Structured and formal
Q2) Lan is working on a study of teachers' use of technology in their classrooms. She uses observation as her primary data collection method. Which of the following research sites is likely MOST pertinent to Lan's study?
A) Faculty/Staff rooms where teachers' talk about technology
B) Conference sessions that teachers attend about technology
C) The classrooms of her teacher participants
D) The computer lab that the students go to after school.
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Chapter 20: Qualitative Data Analysis and Interpretation
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Q1) Regarding data organization, which of the following is NOT a suggestion provided in the text?
A) Make photocopies of your data
B) Make back-up files of your data
C) Have other researchers code your data
D) Note themes and patterns that emerge
Q2) Laqueta is studying the cultural of Catholic schools in urban areas in the Midwest United States. As part of her qualitative study she exams the goals and objectives of the schools. Which data analysis strategy of those below is Laqueta best illustrating?
A) Organizational review
B) Asking key questions
C) Identifying themes
D) Display what's missing
Q3) Your text indicates that the last step in the iterative process of qualitative data analysis is __________ the data.
A) interpreting.
B) coding.
C) managing.
D) classifying.
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Chapter 21: Preparing a Research Report
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Q1) An abstract of a thesis or dissertation is generally found
A) in the appendixes.
B) after the discussion.
C) in the literature review.
D) in the preliminary
Q2) Which of the following example sentences is an appropriate presentation of numbers in a research report?
A) 17 children and their parents participated in the study.
B) 8 children were in the control group while 11 were in the treatment condition.
C) The control group included 6 children from a similar child care setting.
D) The study included 240 children from a large school in the Midwest.
Q3) An abstract is usually limited to approximately
A) less than 50 words.
B) less than 100 words.
C) between 100 and 500 words.
D) between 500 and 1000 words.
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Chapter 22: Evaluating a Research Report
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Q1) Willa conducted a study on the effects of violent television viewing on choice of playground activity. Her data indicated no support for her research hypothesis That those children that watched violent television played more aggressively on The playground. Interestingly, however, although not related to her hypothesis, She found that children who watched violent television played on the playground For a shorter amount of time when compared to children who did not watch Violent television. How should Willa address this finding?
A) Change her hypothesis statements to include a hypothesis about duration of playground activity.
B) Add the analysis to the results section and discuss the finding in the conclusions and recommendations section.
C) Rewrite the research problem to include duration of play as a variable of interest in the study.
D) Address the finding in the discussion section and suggest future work that addresses duration of play as a variable.
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