Canadian Politics
Final Exam Questions
Course Introduction
This course provides an in-depth exploration of the political landscape of Canada, examining the countrys governmental structures, political institutions, and key actors. Topics include the Constitution, federalism, the parliamentary system, political parties, elections, Indigenous governance, and the role of public opinion. Students will analyze contemporary political issues, debates, and policy challenges facing Canada, as well as the historical context that has shaped Canadian politics. Emphasis is placed on understanding how power is distributed, how decisions are made, and the impact of multiculturalism and regional diversity on the political process.
Recommended Textbook
Canadian Politics Critical Approaches 7th Edition by Rand Dyck
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The study of politics
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Q1) Issues include only those demands that the authorities have taken under serious consideration.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Government authority is based on accountability.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) What analytical approach is closest to the "democratic ideal"?
A)pluralist approach
B)Marxist approach
C)class approach
D)social cleavages approach
Answer: A
Q4) The behaviour of individual politicians is an example of the political psychology approach.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Institutional foundations and the evolution of the state
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Q1) The Act of Union united Ontario and Quebec.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q2) The ultimate independence of Canada is usually attributed to developments connected to the First World War.
A)True
B)False Answer: True
Q3) Unlike the United States, the Canadian constitutional setup serves to inhibit government activity.
A)True
B)False Answer: False
Q4) Which of the following was a recommendation of the Durham Report?
A)the creation of Prince Edward Island
B)municipal governing policies
C)official bilingualism
D)responsible government Answer: D
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Chapter 3: Regionalism
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Q1) The Prairie provinces succeeded in gaining control of their public lands and natural resources in 1905.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) In what areas did the most serious regional economic conflicts in Canadian history occur?
A)importation, exportation, welfare, and industry
B)transportation, banking, welfare, and defence
C)defence, resources, representation, and debt
D)tariffs, transportation, banking, and resources
Answer: D
Q3) Crown corporations are created for the purpose of public-private partnerships.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) The James Bay hydroelectric project is in Quebec.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Aboriginal peoples
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Q1) What is meant by the term "Aboriginal self-government"?
Q2) The armed standoff at Oka related to a dispute over land to be used for a golf course.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which statement best describes comprehensive land claims?
A)They are Aboriginal land claims primarily originating in the West.
B)They are Aboriginal land claims arising from alleged non-fulfillment of Indian treaties.
C)They are Aboriginal land claims based on traditional occupancy and use.
D)They are land claims made after the Calder case decision.
Q4) Which statement best describes the Indian Act?
A)It attempted to assimilate Aboriginals into the new white majority.
B)It is a model of Aboriginal self-government.
C)It is based on the Royal Proclamation of 1763.
D)It has no bearing on contemporary Aboriginal issues.
Q5) Indians living on reserves gained the right to vote in federal elections in 1960.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 5: french canada and the quebec question
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Q1) What did the federal Official Languages Act do?
A)It allowed the public to deal with government offices in Ottawa in either English or French.
B)It allowed the public to deal with federal government offices anywhere in Canada in English or French.
C)It required all new federal employees to be bilingual.
D)It required all federal employees to receive language training in either French or English.
Q2) Only two of the four clauses in Bill 101 were eventually deemed unconstitutional.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What are some of the characteristics that make Quebec distinct?
Q4) In terms of mother tongue, francophones constitute about 35 percent of the Canadian population.
A)True B)False
Q5) The limit on Bill 178 was 5 years.
A)True B)False
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Chapter 6: Ethnocultural minorities
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Q1) What were the basic objectives of Trudeau's multiculturalism policy?
Q2) Which disadvantaged groups do Canadian employment equity programs normally give preference?
A)women, French, homosexuals, and people with disabilities
B)women, Aboriginals, visible minorities, and people with disabilities
C)women, Aboriginals, homosexuals, and people with disabilities
D)women, French, visible minorities, and people with disabilities
Q3) What political party was most critical of immigration and publicly funded multiculturalism policies in the 1990s?
A)Reform/Alliance
B)NDP
C)Progressive Conservative
D)Liberal
Q4) Britain was the leading source of immigrants between 1900 and 1965.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Some critics argue that multiculturalism emphasizes our differences rather than our similarities as Canadians.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Gender
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Q1) What is the significance of Section 28 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
A)It provides equality for all people, regardless of age, race, or religion.
B)It protects women's rights from use of the notwithstanding clause.
C)It allows provincial governments to infringe on equality rights of minorities.
D)It protects the French language and culture outside Quebec.
Q2) Which political parties have women historically supported?
A)the Liberals and the NDP
B)the Liberals and the Conservatives
C)the Green Party and the NDP
D)the Conservatives and the NDP
Q3) The National Action Committee on the Status of Women (NAC) was the foremost women's pressure group in the 1970s and 1980s, but has now virtually collapsed.
A)True
B)False
Q4) As a result of a 2003 Court of Appeal decision in Ontario, same-sex partners were allowed to marry.
A)True
B)False
Q5) What is meant by the term "feminization of poverty"?
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Chapter 8: Class
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Q1) Even though the House of Commons passed a resolution in 1989 to eliminate child poverty in Canada by 2000, the number of children living in poverty increased by 50 percent during the 1990s.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Karl Marx divided society in a capitalist economy into two separate classes.What did he call these two classes?
A)the petite bourgeoisie and the corporate elite
B)the poor and the rich
C)the bourgeoisie and proletariat
D)the upper and middle
Q3) Since 2004, approximately what percentage of union members have been women?
A)10
B)50
C)60
D)70
Q4) List five suggestions for how governments could improve the lot of the poor.
Q5) What does it mean to be "class-conscious? How does this sentiment affect the working and poor classes in Canada?
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Chapter 9: Other cleavages and identities: urban/rural
location, religion, and age
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Q1) After the Quebec Revolution, language superseded religion as the key to the identity of the great majority of Quebeckers.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Historically, religious cleavages and identities within Canada coincided to a considerable extent with those of language and ethnicity.The interests of French-Catholics were often at odds with those of the Anglo-Protestants.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the future for Canada's population?
Q4) The current fertility rates in Canada average at 1.5 births per woman.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Which of the following were protected by the Constitution Act, 1867?
A)separate protestant school minority rights in Quebec
B)separate school minority rights in both Quebec and Ontario
C)separate Catholic school minority rights in Ontario
D)separate school minority rights in Manitoba
Q6) What are the key characteristics of rural Canada today?
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Chapter 10: CanadaS external environment: the united states and the world
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Q1) U.S.branch plants first proliferated in Canada following the introduction of the Canada-U.S.Free Trade Agreement.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Which of the following International Organizations ordered Canada to discontinue a federal excise tax and postal subsidies following a complaint by the American government?
A)World Trade Organization
B)International Monetary Fund
C)G8
D)G20
Q3) Chapter 21 is the clause in the NAFTA treaty that allows a foreign company to sue a country on the ground that government policies reduced its profits.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are some of the benefits for Canada to establish a free trade agreement with the US?
Q5) How have international terrorism events, such as 9/11, affected Canadian domestic and foreign policy?
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Chapter 11: The Canadian Political Culture
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Q1) Which of the following is often expressed as the sanctity of individual economic freedom?
A)democracy
B)socialism
C)moralism
D)capitalism
Q2) Which of the following best describes political equality in a democracy?
A)regular elections
B)one person, one vote
C)equal rights for all members of society
D)representation by population
Q3) What ideology argues that each person should have maximum freedom or liberty?
A)individualism
B)collectivism
C)liberalism
D)Marxism
Q4) Canadian demonstration of respect toward the law, judges, and police is called political efficacy.
A)True
B)False
Page 13
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Chapter 12: Political socialization, the mass media, and Public opinion polls
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Q1) Which Royal Commission on Newspapers was prompted by the simultaneous closing of the Winnipeg Tribune and Ottawa Journal?
A)the Berger Commission
B)the Kent Commission
C)the MacDonald Commission
D)the Smith Commission
Q2) Which of the following is NOT a technique of news management?
A)the free flow of information on government operations
B)news leaks and trial balloons
C)government secrecy
D)strategic timing and distribution of information
Q3) Francophones watch more drama on television than anything else.
A)True
B)False
Q4) How do individual corporations try to influence political attitudes and opinion?
A)through product advertising
B)through advocacy advertising
C)through new public management
D)through redistributive egalitarianism
Q5) Explain the class-analysis approach toward political socialization.
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Chapter 13: Elections and the electoral system
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Q1) The first-past-the-post system has been criticized for promoting the overrepresentation of white males.
A)True
B)False
Q2) The Conservatives had virtually no members from Quebec before 1984.
A)True
B)False
Q3) How does the discrepancy between seats won and popular vote affect political parties?
A)It results in party policies being directed only to areas where seats were won.
B)It results in distorted party leader selection.
C)It results in a broad representation of women and minorities.
D)It results in parties catering to areas where seats were lost.
Q4) Describe how election financing has evolved since pre-1974?
Q5) What was the first election finance scandal to come to light in Canada?
A)the Beauharnois scandal
B)the Rivard scandal
C)the Gagliano scandal
D)the Pacific scandal
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Chapter 14: Political parties and the party system
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Q1) What is considered a part of the "extra-parliamentary party"?
A)the bureaucracy
B)senators
C)local and national party executives
D)pollsters
Q2) Explain the ideological differences between conservatism, social democracy, and liberalism.
Q3) What theory postulates that the Liberal and Conservative parties have no central ideology and merely promise to satisfy the most important interests felt by the voters at any given time?
A)the one-party dominant theory
B)the broker theory
C)the class-based theory
D)the pluralist theory
Q4) What is NOT a factor contributing to the formation of minor parties in Canada?
A)regional cleavages
B)ethnic cleavages
C)class cleavages
D)religious cleavages
Q5) How does party ideology in Canada apply to the major Canadian political parties?
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Parties, voting, and The election campaign
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Q1) The Liberals would probably have won a majority in the 2004 election had it not been for the sponsorship scandal.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What group is overrepresented in terms of candidates in federal elections?
A)business
B)working class
C)visible minorities
D)women
Q3) Why was Elizabeth May, the leader of the Green Party, not allowed to participate in the 2011 leaders debate?
A)because her party had no seats in the House of Commons before the election
B)because her party did not have the minimum required seats needed to establish itself as a national party
C)because her party was relatively new
D)because Elizabeth May did not hold a seat in the previous elections
Q4) How do core values and beliefs influence how Canadians vote?
Q5) What role do the media play in a party's election campaign?
Q6) Explain the sociodemographic bases of political party support in Canada.
Page 17
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Chapter 16: Advocacy groups, social movements, and lobbying
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Q1) What lobbying technique are institutionalized advocacy groups most likely to use?
A)demonstrations and blockades
B)lobbying judges and court officials
C)lobbying the bureaucracy
D)lobbying members of Parliament
Q2) The Canadian Federation of Agriculture is more of a radical group than the National Farmer's Union.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Money, information, prestige, public support, and lack of opposition help to explain the significant influence of the Canadian Medical Association.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Which behaviour refers to any organized attempt to influence the authorities?
A)campaigning
B)political participation
C)lobbying
D)socializing
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Chapter 17: The Canadian constitution and constitutional change
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Q1) The Canada clause was part of the Charlottetown Accord.
A)True
B)False
Q2) What makes up the formal, legal documents of the Canadian Constitution?
A)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Constitution Act, 1982; and certain British and Canadian Statutes
B)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Statute of Westminster; and the Constitution Act, 1982
C)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Constitution Act, 1982; and the Bill of Rights
D)the Constitution Act, 1867; the Constitution Act, 1982; and the Charter
Q3) Which of the following requires unanimous federal and provincial consent in order to amend?
A)The use of English or French languages at the federal level
B)The principle of proportionate representation of the provinces in the House of Commons
C)The powers of the Senate
D)The method of selecting Senators.
Q4) How have the constitutional changes affected Aboriginal Canadians?
Q5) What concerns were raised regarding the Meech Lake Accord, 1982?
Q6) How does a written constitution differ from an unwritten one?
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Chapter 18: The provinces and the federal system
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Q1) Which term describes a division of powers between central and regional governments such that neither is subordinate to the other?
A)provincialism
B)federalism
C)a unitary government
D)constitutionalism
Q2) Since 1867, how many formal constitutional amendments have been adopted that directly affect the federal-provincial division of powers?
A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
Q3) The Macdonald era from 1867 to 1896 can be labelled one of classical federalism.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the conditions set out in the Canada Health Act, 1984 and how well have these been enforced?
Q5) Explain the federal-provincial financial relationship since 1940.
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Chapter 19: The charter of rights and freedoms
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Q1) What is the notwithstanding clause? Explain the controversy that surrounds this section of the charter.
Q2) The right to use English or French in the Supreme Court is a legal right under the Charter.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Which of the following are democratic, mobility, and linguistic rights in the Charter NOT subject to?
A)the reverse onus clause
B)the reasonable limits clause
C)the notwithstanding clause
D)the Oakes test
Q4) What are the arguments levied against an increased role of the courts in the political process?
Q5) What rights are covered under Sections 3-5 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms?
A)democratic
B)legal
C)equality
D)fundamental
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Chapter 20: Governing: the policymaking process and policy instruments
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Q1) Describe and explain the significance of policy instruments?
Q2) Which economic theory suggests that the government should intervene with increased spending, even to the extent of borrowing, in order to transfer to individuals?
A)Keynesian economics
B)laissez-faire
C)neo-conservatism
D)neo-liberalism
Q3) Which political party imposed a carbon tax on heavily polluting companies, as part of their Green Shift initiation?
A)Conservatives
B)NDP
C)Green Party
D)Liberals
Q4) What are stakeholders and what is their role in determining public policy?
Q5) Explain the six phases of the policymaking process.
Q6) The War Measures Act was invoked during a severe flooding in Manitoba.
A)True
B)False
Page 22
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Q1) What is an important principle of Cabinet operation?
A)collective responsibility
B)compulsory attendance
C)political equality
D)contribution to the budget
Q2) What were the recommendations of the Gomery Inquiry with regard to the prime minister and the public service?
Q3) Individual ministerial responsibility means that all ministers must publicly defend all Cabinet policies or else resign.
A)True
B)False
Q4) A Canadian constitutional convention requires that each province be represented in the Cabinet.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Balancing ethnic representation in Parliament is a cabinet-making convention in Canada
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) Which official provides an annual report of government funds that have been unlawfully or unwisely spent?
A)Auditor General
B)Information Commissioner
C)Environmental Commissioner
D)Comptroller of the Treasury
Q2) What reforms were made to the bureaucracy under the New Public Management?
Q3) An elaborate, expensive investigation set up by the Cabinet to make recommendations on a significant policy problem is called a task force.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are the Estimates?
A)the spending proposals of each government department and agency
B)Statistics Canada projections of the population growth
C)Statistics Canada projections of the unemployment rate
D)Bank of Canada predictions of the growth of the national debt
Q5) How is the Canadian bureaucracy controlled?
Q6) How are responsibility and accountability managed in departments?
Q7) What is the purpose of Crown corporations?
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Chapter 22: The bureaucracy
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Q1) What are the stages of a bill becoming a law?
Q2) Legislative committees usually have an investigative function, to examine an issue before the government has made up its mind on how to deal with it.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Explain the relevance and significance of the Canadian senate.
Q4) What is NOT considered a principal function of the House of Commons?
A)legislative
B)representation
C)scrutiny
D)judiciary
Q5) The Cabinet has an absolute monopoly on the introduction of financial legislation in the House.
A)True
B)False
Q6) The Cabinet consists of all the elected members of each political party.
A)True
B)False
Q7) What are the functions and powers of the House of Commons?
Page 25
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Chapter 24: The judiciary
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Q1) What term describes the power of the courts to declare laws invalid?
A)habeas corpus
B)judicial review
C)stare decisis
D)judicial discretion
Q2) Which method is NOT currently used to reduce the costs of the administration of justice in Canada?
A)pre-trial conferences
B)plea bargaining
C)court challenges program
D)legal aid
Q3) The federal cabinet appoints provincial superior court judges.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What is the function of the judiciary?
Q5) What is handled by the Federal Court of Canada?
A)divorces
B)immigration and refugee appeals
C)criminal cases
D)charter cases
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