Business and the Environment Exam Preparation Guide
Course Introduction
This course explores the dynamic relationship between business practices and environmental sustainability. It examines how organizations impact the natural environment, the regulatory and ethical frameworks governing environmental responsibility, and strategies for integrating sustainable practices into business operations. Key topics include environmental risk management, eco-friendly innovation, corporate social responsibility, and the role of businesses in addressing global environmental challenges such as climate change and resource depletion. Through case studies and practical examples, students will develop a comprehensive understanding of how businesses can drive positive environmental change while achieving their economic goals.
Recommended Textbook
Canadian Business and Society Ethics Responsibilities and Sustainability 3rd Edition by Robert W.
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Relationship Between Business and Society
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Sample Questions
Q1) Legislative safeguards are imposed upon incorporation processes to create and preserve an atmosphere of public confidence,as well as to create protections for investors and creditors.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) The belief in the rightness of an institution,in this case the appropriateness of our business system to supply the goods and services wanted by Canadian society,is called:
A) Relevancy
B) Righteousness
C) Legitimacy
D) Licencing
E) None of the above.
Answer: C
Q3) Strategic planning is a function of the board of directors.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 2: Ethics and Capitalism
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Q1) Much of the theory of the classical capitalist system is based on the philosophical underpinnings of the American system,but is equally applicable to the Canadian economy.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) If capitalism is to be accepted as the economic system in society:
A) financial institutions have to be more heavily regulated.
B) businesspersons and management must somehow take into account the ethical implications resulting from the workings of the fundamentals.
C) regulators must demand increased corporation participation.
D) government must be more laissez-faire.
E) government officials must enforce ethical behaviour with stronger criminal and civil penalties.
Answer: B
Q3) Co-determination takes place in producer capitalist systems.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Page 4
Chapter 3: Identifying Stakeholders and Issues
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Sample Questions
Q1) Competitors include organizations that produce substitute products and therefore should be monitored.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
Q2) Frank thinks that it is inappropriate for his company,BSD Corporation,to spend valuable company time and resources on meeting with stakeholder groups.He,and others who oppose stakeholder involvement,identify the following rationale(s):
A) Managing so many stakeholders diverts management's attention away from the business.
B) Responding to stakeholders' interest does not produce loyalty.
C) Corporations are not designed to benefit shareholders.
D) It is necessary for business success.
E) There is an agreement on priorities.
Answer: A
Q3) The acute crisis stage is the point at which the situation resolves itself.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Stakeholder and Issue Analysis
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Sample Questions
Q1) The diagnostic typology states that for a mixed blessing stakeholder,a(n)
_________ strategy is recommended.
A) involve
B) collaborate
C) monitor
D) defend
E) threaten
Q2) A supplier only makes one product and sells it exclusively to one chemical manufacturing plant.Their relationship is an example of
A) Indirect/usage (firm power).
B) Direct/usage (high interdependence).
C) Indirect/withholding (low interdependence).
D) Direct/withholding (stakeholder power).
E) Direct/usage (firm power)
Q3) Latent stakeholders are those with one attribute and low salience,whereas expectant stakeholders possess three attributes and are more salient.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Differentiate between stakeholder management and stakeholder collaboration.
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Chapter 5: Ethics of Business: The Theoretical Basis
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which implicit bias exists when an individual shows favouritism towards an association to which they are a member?
A) Prejudice
B) Favouritism
C) Overclaiming credit
D) Conflict of interest
Q2) Students who cheat on this test will receive an "F." This policy,if enacted at your university,would be consistent with the ____________ justice principle.
A) Procedural
B) Corrective
C) Retributive
D) Distributive
E) None of the answers.
Q3) Moral standards are the means by which actions are judged.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Ethics is a recent concern for business.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 6: Ethics of Business: Management and Leadership
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Q1) In an organization that not only completely lacks high standards of ethical behaviour,but is devoid of ethical principles and actively opposed to what is moral,the appropriate model of management and leadership is called "Amoral".
A)True
B)False
Q2) Whistleblowing is always a voluntary act.
A)True
B)False
Q3) All corporations have explicit,well documented ethics programs.
A)True
B)False
Q4) An apparent conflict of interest exists when one can foresee a private interest that may be sufficient to influence a duty or responsibility.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Current practice suggests that ethics committees are top-management focused.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 7: Corporate Social Responsibility: The Concept
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Sample Questions
Q1) The VBA model represents three core concepts which are:
A) Value
B) Balance
C) Accountability
D) Only value and balance
E) Value, balance, and accountability
Q2) The VBA model incorporates five frameworks in common usage by academics and managers: corporate social responsibility (CSR),business ethics (BE),stakeholder management (SM),sustainability (SUS),and corporate citizenship (CC).
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is ISO 26000?
Q4) Prioritizing profit over social and environmental concerns is never consistent with a corporate sustainability model.
A)True
B)False
Q5) On what grounds has the Triple-E bottom line been criticized?
Q6) Interpret Carroll's Pyramid of Social Responsibility.
Q7) Explain what is meant by the principle of legitimacy?
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Corporate Social Responsibility: In Practice
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Sample Questions
Q1) Juan's employer has a policy outlining the conditions whereby he can take time off work to volunteer.His organizational policy can be considered to be encouraging rather than enabling volunteerism.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Voluntary activities normally excluded from employer support include all of the following,except:
A) Political parties
B) Religious groups
C) Special interest groups
D) Working for unions not covered by a collective agreement
E) Professional associations
Q3) Small businesses are more likely than large businesses to use misleading advertising.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Describe the argument against business involvement in corporate giving.
Q5) Corporate donation programs are typically administered through committees. A)True
B)False
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Chapter 9: Measuring,reporting,and Communicating CSR
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Sample Questions
Q1) A large sporting goods chain develops a listing of social activities of the firm.This social report does not evaluate the effectiveness of these activities.This is an example of the __________ approach to social auditing.
A) inventory
B) program management
C) process
D) social indicators
E) None of the answers.
Q2) The Strandberg report on the future of CSR stated that ethical consumerism will become a more powerful influence on corporation decision-making.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Corporations following the GRI guidelines are expected to report certain standard disclosures such as: strategy and profile,economic,environmental,and social.
A)True
B)False
Q4) What are some of the various ways that a corporation may communicate CSR and sustainability results?
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11
Chapter 10: Regulating Business Ethics and Responsibilities
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Canadian Standards Association is a non-profit organization servicing business,industry,and consumers.This form of regulation is:
A) Laissez-faire market
B) Corporate self-discipline
C) Industry
D) Self-regulation involving stakeholders
E) Negotiated self-regulation
Q2) Today,governments are less willing to provide bailouts for businesses,but are more willing to be participants in a bailout package that includes multiple stakeholders,such as employees.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Summarize three ways in which businesses are involved in politics.
Q4) Self-regulation is the regulatory form imposed on business by the corporation itself,industry,and/or market forces.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Why are some people so critical of lobbying?
Q6) Discuss the degree and influence of Canadian business in politics.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Responsible Ownership and Governance
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why has the dominance of majority shareholders over minority shareholder become an issue? What is being done to protect minority shareholders?
Q2) Accountability problems which exist in government-owned corporations include all of the following,except:
A) Government objectives may conflict with social objectives in the national interest.
B) Measurement through commercial criteria.
C) Degree of autonomy of the corporation.
D) Techniques for controlling commercial corporations.
E) Inappropriate social and environmental responsibilities.
Q3) In some companies up to 95% of equity is held by non-voting shareholders.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The TSE is the largest stock exchange in Canada and is a self-regulatory agency.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Venture capital firms are direct owners.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 12: Ethics and Responsibilities in the Workplace and Marketplace
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Q1) What ethical issues are related to diversity management?
Q2) Sustainability purchasing applies only to the upstream end of the value chain.
A)True
B)False
Q3) What is the influence of suppliers in a competitive market? In a monopolistic market?
Q4) There are calls for a return to the work ethic of the past.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Pyramid selling is legal in Canada
A)True
B)False
Q6) All products follow the same value chain.
A)True
B)False
Q7) Discuss the fair trade movement.
Page 14
Q8) Supplier and customer relationships are governed formally through regulations. A)True
B)False
Q9) What ethical issues are related to workplace privacy?
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Page 15
Chapter 13: Civil Society Stakeholders
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Sample Questions
Q1) The social media is an online technology.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Corporations,government,and other institutions in society set the social agenda,not the media.
A)True
B)False
Q3) All of the following are examples of tactics used by NGOs to influence ethical conduct of corporations,except:
A) Disrupting annual meetings
B) Building a community park
C) Occupancy of corporate premises
D) Boycotts
E) Picketing
Q4) NGO concern with working conditions of employees in developing nations is an example of an economic societal issue.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Provide examples of three Canadian "think tanks".
Q6) Which three variables will influence the corporation's response to NGO activism?
Page 16
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Chapter 14: The Environment and Business Responsibilities
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Q1) A green workplace is not important in retaining employees in a tight labour market.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Market-driven environmentalism is viewed as image polishing.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Waste management is the concern of which functional area?
A) Financial management
B) Marketing
C) Human resources
D) Production
E) Distribution
Q4) The generation of energy is usually damaging to the environment.
A)True
B)False
Q5) Supply of safe water is a concern in developing nations,but fortunately not in Canada.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 15: Globalization and Business Responsibilities
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Sample Questions
Q1) The Minister of Agriculture in Alberta announced in 2003 that a poll of Alberta farmers clearly showed that the farmers wanted marketing choice for their grain-the option to sell their grain to anyone within and outside of Canada.The Canadian Wheat Board has a monopoly on the marketing of wheat and barley in Western Canada.The farmers opposing the Canadian Wheat Board monopoly are presenting a position aligned with:
A) economic globalists
B) anti-globalists
C) social globalists
D) political globalists
E) corporate globalists
Q2) Canada ranks behind the United States on the Competitiveness Scoreboard.
A)True
B)False
Q3) INGOs are an element of civil society.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Outline the principles concerning business conduct in the International Code of Ethics for Canadian Business Principles
Q5) Describe an INGO and provide two examples of such organizations.
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Chapter 16: The Socialization of Capitalism
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Sample Questions
Q1) Tools that help a firm effectively analyze social responsibility,such as portfolio analysis and strategic groups,have been used by business for many years.
A)True
B)False
Q2) Porter and Kramer categorize a corporation's involvement in society into two approaches,responsive and strategic.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Because CSR is a recent phenomenon in business,there are few benchmarks or best practices from which to draw knowledge.
A)True
B)False
Q4) All of the following are external factors,except:
A) The structure of an industry
B) Social trends
C) Employee motivation
D) Government policies
E) Behaviour of the competition
Q5) What are the four stages in the sustainability strategy continuum?
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