Biological Sciences
Test Bank
Course Introduction
Biological Sciences is a comprehensive course exploring the fundamental principles that govern living organisms and their interactions with the environment. Students will study the molecular, cellular, and physiological processes that sustain life, as well as the genetic, ecological, and evolutionary mechanisms that drive biodiversity. Through lectures, laboratory experiments, and fieldwork, the course emphasizes the structure and function of biological systems, the scientific method, and contemporary issues in the life sciences such as biotechnology, conservation, and human health. This foundational knowledge prepares students for advanced study and careers in biology, medicine, research, and related fields.
Recommended Textbook
Human Anatomy 7th Edition by Frederic H. Martini
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28 Chapters
5578 Verified Questions
5578 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1909 Page 2
Chapter 1: Foundations: An Introduction to Anatomy
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190 Verified Questions
190 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38039
Sample Questions
Q1) Specialized cell types united to perform a distinctive group of shared functions show organization at the chemical level.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q2) Label O: ______________________________
Answer: Crus or leg (crural)
Q3) Gross anatomy uses magnification in order to better visualize structures.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q4) Label J: ______________________________
Answer: Lateral
Q5) A failure to maintain homeostatic conditions in the body is known as ________. Answer: disease
Q6) Label K: ______________________________
Answer: Pericardial cavity
Q7) Label S: ______________________________
Answer: Pes or foot (pedal)
Page 3
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Chapter 2: Foundations: The Cell
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158 Verified Questions
158 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38040
Sample Questions
Q1) Label F: ______________________________
Answer: Chromosome with two sister chromatids
Q2) What is the major function of ribosomes
A)manufacture proteins
B)produce ATP
C)package proteins
D)move through the extracellular fluid
E)reproduce themselves
Answer: A
Q3) Label C: ______________________________
Answer: Centrioles (two pairs)
Q4) Proteins called ________ are channel proteins that allow the passage of metabolites between neighboring cells.
Answer: communicating junctions
Q5) A phospholipid has two functionally different areas: hydrophilic heads and ________ tails.
Answer: hydrophobic
Q6) Label G: ______________________________
Answer: Chromatin
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Chapter 3: Foundations: Tissues and Early Embryology
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151 Verified Questions
151 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38041
Sample Questions
Q1) Label C: ______________________________
Answer: Simple tubular
Q2) Functions of connective tissue include
A)establishing a structural framework for the body.
B)transporting fluid and dissolved materials from one body region to another.
C)protecting delicate organs.
D)supporting, surrounding, and interconnecting tissue types.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Answer: E
Q3) Label E: ______________________________
Answer: Fibrocytes
Q4) Label F: ______________________________
Answer: Periosteum
Q5) Label C: ______________________________
Answer: Elastic fiber
Q6) Label K: ______________________________
Answer: Matrix
Q7) Label G: ______________________________
Answer: Compact bone
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Chapter 4: The Integumentary System
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153 Verified Questions
153 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The area of the skin that contains blood vessels supplying the epidermis is the
A)stratum basale.
B)papillary layer.
C)reticular layer.
D)hypodermis.
E)stratum corneum.
Q2) Which of the following cell types is found in the epidermis
A)Langerhans' cell
B)macrophage
C)neutrophil
D)mast cell
E)fibroblasts
Q3) A local inflammation of the skin caused by bacteria invading a sebaceous gland or sebaceous follicle is ________.
Q4) Hairs on the upper and lower limbs are called ________ hairs.
Q5) One type of skin cancer, which often results in a potentially fatal metastasis, arises in the pigment-producing cells called ________.
Q6) Label T: ______________________________
Q7) Label E: ______________________________
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Chapter 5: The Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and
Skeletal Structure
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194 Verified Questions
194 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38043
Sample Questions
Q1) Label L: ______________________________
Q2) Label Y: ______________________________
Q3) A fracture of a bone that is the result of a twisting of the bone is called a(n)
A)Pott's fracture.
B)comminuted fracture.
C)greenstick fracture.
D)spiral fracture.
E)compression fracture.
Q4) Label B: ______________________________
Q5) Label N: ______________________________
Q6) Label I: ______________________________
Q7) An individual with otherwise normal features, but having very short limbs, may have a condition known as ________, in which epiphyseal cartilage does not grow.
Q8) Label F: ______________________________
Q9) Osseous tissue is classified as which of the following
A)neural tissue
B)muscle tissue
C)connective tissue
D)epithelial tissue Page 7
E)None of the answers are correct.
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Chapter 6: The Skeletal System: Axial Division
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199 Verified Questions
199 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label I: ______________________________
Q2) Label U: ______________________________
Q3) Label R: ______________________________
Q4) Label H: ______________________________
Q5) Which of the following vertebral curvatures is convex anteriorly
A)sacral
B)thoracic
C)cervical
D)lumbar
E)both cervical and lumbar
Q6) The boundary between the parietal and ________ bones on each side of the skull is marked by the squamosal suture.
Q7) Label T: ______________________________
Q8) The superior portion of the sternum has a central jugular notch located between the ________.
Q9) Label U: ______________________________
Q10) Label N: ______________________________
9
Q11) Label F: ______________________________
Q12) Label Y: ______________________________
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Page 10
Chapter 7: The Skeletal System: Appendicular Division
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239 Verified Questions
239 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label D: ______________________________
Q2) The coronoid process forms the inferior lip of the trochlear notch.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Label B: ______________________________
Q4) Label I: ______________________________
Q5) Label W: ______________________________
Q6) Which of the following is true of the bony matrix of the skeleton as people age
A)Its composition remains constant throughout life.
B)Its mineral content diminishes as a normal part of aging.
C)It gains calcium carbonate while losing calcium phosphate.
D)The proportion of collagen fibers in the matrix increases with age.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q7) The pelvic inlet of a female pelvis is generally wider and more circular than that of a male pelvis.
A)True
B)False
Q8) Label F: ______________________________
Q9) The largest process of the femur is the ________.
Q10) Label U: ______________________________ Page 11
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Chapter 8: The Skeletal System: Articulations
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226 Verified Questions
226 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label M: ______________________________
Q2) Label B: ______________________________
Q3) Which of the following associations is the shoulder
A)uniaxial-hinge
B)biaxial-condyloid
C)triaxial-ball and socket
D)monaxial-hinge
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q4) Label G: ______________________________
Q5) The movement made at the proximal radioulnar joint when turning the palm of the hand upward is called ________.
Q6) Label B: ______________________________
Q7) One special movement of the thumb is called reposition.
A)True
B)False
Q8) What are the components of a synovial joint
Q9) Label U: ______________________________
Q11) Label E: ______________________________ Page 13
Q10) Label H: ______________________________
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Page 14
Chapter 9: The Muscular System: Skeletal Muscle Tissue and
Muscle Organization
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198 Verified Questions
198 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Why are skeletal muscles called voluntary
A)These muscles maintain a constant rhythm of contraction.
B)The individual can make a conscious decision to contract these muscles.
C)Only these muscles are stimulated to contract by the central nervous system.
D)All of the answers are correct.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) The connective tissue fibers that divide the muscle into fascicles is called the ________.
Q3) Which of the following is the first step in the sliding mechanism of muscle contraction
A)The myosin heads of the thick filaments bind to active sites on the thin filaments.
B)Myosin heads pivot toward the M line when cross-bridge binding occurs.
C)Thin filaments are pulled toward the center of the sarcomere.
D)The cross-bridges detach and return to their original positions.
E)A carbohydrate molecule is broken down to produce energy.
Q4) Endomysium is made up of mostly delicate ________ fibers.
Q5) Label I: ______________________________
Q6) Attachments to muscles that form slender bands are called ________.
Q7) Label D: ______________________________
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Chapter 10: The Muscular System: Axial Musculature
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188 Verified Questions
188 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38048
Sample Questions
Q1) Label S: ______________________________
Q2) Label C: ______________________________
Q3) Which muscle has three attachments to bone
A)sternocleidomastoid
B)sternohyoid
C)thyrohyoid
D)mylohyoid
E)stylohyoid
Q4) Label BBB: ______________________________
Q5) Label HH: ______________________________
Q6) Label UU: ______________________________
Q7) Label G: ______________________________
Q8) Label MM: ______________________________
Q9) Label WW: ______________________________
Q10) Label B: ______________________________
Q11) Label S: ______________________________
Q12) Temporalis is a muscle of facial expression. A)True B)False Page 16
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Page 17
Chapter 11: The Muscular System: Appendicular
Musculature
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271 Verified Questions
271 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The diamond-shaped ________ muscle originates on the middle of the neck and back and inserts on the clavicles and scapular spines, covering the upper back and extending to the base of the skull.
Q2) Label L: ______________________________
Q3) The major extrinsic muscle of the hand that the ulnar nerve controls is the ________.
Q4) Label A: ______________________________
Q5) Label Y: ______________________________
Q6) Which muscle inserts on the vertebral border of the scapula near the angle of the scapula and the medial end of the scapular spine
A)serratus anterior
B)rhomboid major
C)trapezius
D)rhomboid minor
E)levator scapulae
Q7) Label I: ______________________________
Page 18
Q8) Label H: ______________________________
Q9) Label S: ______________________________
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Page 19
Chapter 12: Surface Anatomy and Cross-Sectional Anatomy
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177 Verified Questions
177 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label N: ______________________________
Q2) The region in the neck where you can feel your pulse is called the A)suprahyoid triangle.
B)submandibular triangle.
C)superior carotid triangle.
D)inferior carotid triangle.
E)posterior cervical triangle.
Q3) Label H: ______________________________
Q4) Label E: ______________________________
Q5) Label B: ______________________________
Q6) A young boy who has been a star pitcher for his Little League team suddenly complains of swelling and extreme soreness of his pitching arm at the elbow whenever he throws a pitch. How would a knowledge of surface anatomy assist in determining the nature of the problem
Q7) Someone referred to as having "a strong jaw" has a very prominent A)angle of the mandible.
B)body of the mandible.
C)mouth.
D)maxilla.
E)mandibular symphysis.
Page 20
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Page 21
Chapter 13: The Nervous System: Neural Tissue
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180 Verified Questions
180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) What is happening to a neuron that is undergoing Wallerian degeneration
Q2) Which of the following is gray matter
A)neural cortex
B)columns
C)tracts
D)ganglia
E)nerves
Q3) What would be the consequences of severing the spinal cord from the brain
Q4) The most common neurotransmitter is ________.
Q5) The ________ division of the PNS sends motor information to muscles and glands.
Q6) Label E: ______________________________
Q7) Label I: ______________________________
Q8) Label F: ______________________________
Q9) How do the functions of oligodendrocytes differ from those of Schwann cells
Q10) Label Q: ______________________________
Q11) Label C: ______________________________
Q13) Label G: ______________________________ Page 22
Q12) Label D: ______________________________
Q15) Label F: ______________________________
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Chapter 14: The Nervous System: The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
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323 Verified Questions
323 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label T: ______________________________
Q2) Sites where information regarding reflexes is processed include the spinal nuclei and the ________.
Q3) Monosynaptic reflexes have a long delay between stimulus and response.
A)True
B)False
Q4) The biceps femoris and the tibialis anterior are innervated by the ________ nerve.
A)iliohypogastric
B)pudential
C)fibular
D)inferior gluteal
E)lateral femoral cutaneous
Q5) Label A: ______________________________
Q6) Generally speaking, the nerves of the lumbar plexus control the A)anterior thigh.
B)medial thigh.
C)abdominal muscles.
D)skin of the medial side of the knee.
E)All of the answers are correct.
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Chapter 15: The Nervous System: Sensory and Motor Tracts
of
the Spinal Cord
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88 Verified Questions
88 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label F: ______________________________
Q2) A ________ is a motor neuron whose cell body is in the CNS and which will synapse on a cell body in a peripheral ganglion.
Q3) The lateral spinothalamic tract crosses to ascend cord and carries information about pain and temperature.
A)True
B)False
Q4) Label C: ______________________________
Q5) The motor pathways of the autonomic nervous system
A)show a neuronal organization like that of the somatic nervous system.
B)contain both upper and lower motor neurons.
C)include only neurons located in the brain or spinal cord.
D)control visceral effectors, such as smooth and cardiac muscle and glands.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q6) The sensory homunculus is a map that shows (the)
A)relative size of sensory regions in the body.
B)number of muscles under the skin.
C)number of sensory receptors in regions of the body.
D)size of sensory units.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Page 25
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Chapter 16: The Nervous System: The Brain and Cranial Nerves
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361 Verified Questions
361 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label G: ______________________________
Q2) The central sulcus separates which regions of the cerebrum
A)the sensory and motor areas
B)the pyramidal cells and the frontal lobes
C)the parietal and occipital lobes
D)the temporal and insular lobes
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q3) Label B: ______________________________
Q4) Label K: ______________________________
Q5) The CSF produced by the choroid plexus of the brain circulates through the A)ventricles of the brain.
B)central canal of the spinal cord.
C)dorsal root ganglia of the spinal nerves.
D)cervical, brachial, and lumbosacral plexuses.
E)ventricles of the brain and central canal of the spinal cord.
Q6) Label F: ______________________________
Q7) The ventral nuclei of the thalamus relay information to and from the basal nuclei and cerebral cortex.
A)True
B)False Page 27
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Chapter 17: The Nervous System: Autonomic Nervous System
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197 Verified Questions
197 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label J: ______________________________
Q2) Label CC: ______________________________
Q3) What type of activity by the ANS gives a person a burst of energy
A)The sympathetic division decreases peripheral blood pressure.
B)The sympathetic division increases the release of glucose from the liver.
C)Parasympathetic stimulation constricts the pupil of the eye.
D)The parasympathetic division causes increased motility of the stomach.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q4) Chain ganglia that fuse in the cervical and thoracic regions are called the
A)otic ganglion.
B)sphenopalatine ganglion.
C)stellate ganglion.
D)ganglion impar.
E)intramural ganglia.
Q5) General functions of the parasympathetic division include
A)pupillary constriction.
B)secretion by digestive glands.
C)secretion of hormones that promote nutrient absorption by peripheral cells.
Page 29
D)constriction of the respiratory passageways.
E)All of the answers are correct.
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Chapter 18: The Nervous System: General and Special
Senses
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191 Verified Questions
191 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label W: ______________________________
Q2) Label C: ______________________________
Q3) How is a person's ability to localize a stimulus affected by the function of a single receptor field
A)Stimuli of all strengths are equally well localized.
B)Localization from a single receptor field is not possible; many have to participate for localization to be possible.
C)The larger the receptive field, the poorer the ability to localize the stimulus.
D)The larger the receptor field, the greater the ability to localize the stimulus.
E)By the receptive fields interaction with other receptive fields.
Q4) Label B: ______________________________
Q5) Muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs are
A)mechanoreceptors.
B)chemoreceptors.
C)proprioceptors.
D)nociceptors.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q6) Hair cells of the utricle and saccule are clustered in the oval ________.
Page 30
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Chapter 19: The Endocrine System
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154 Verified Questions
154 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Amino acid derivative hormones and closely related compounds are structurally similar to individual amino acids, and include
A)catecholamines and thyroid hormones.
B)lipids and epinephrine.
C)melatonin.
D)steroids.
E)eicosanoids.
Q2) Label O: ______________________________
Q3) The chief cells of the parathyroid gland monitor
A)blood calcium levels.
B)blood glucose levels.
C)blood phosphate levels.
D)calcitonin levels.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q4) Label J: ______________________________
Q5) Label C: ______________________________
Q6) ________ promotes the development of oocytes (female gametes)within the ovaries of mature women. (Note: Be sure to capitalize the first letter of your answer).
Q7) Antidiuretic hormone is also called ________.
Page 31
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Chapter 20: The Cardiovascular System: Blood
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107 Verified Questions
107 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) The leukocyte with small granules that stain with both types of stain is the A)leukocyte.
B)neutrophil.
C)basophil.
D)eosinophil.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) Label B: ______________________________
Q3) In the adult, red blood cells are produced in areas of the ________.
Q4) What type of tissue is blood
A)muscle tissue
B)nervous tissue
C)connective tissue
D)epithelial tissue
E)Blood does not fit into any of the typical categories.
Q5) Macrophages, Langerhans cells, and microglia are types of A)lymphocytes.
B)neutrophils.
C)monocytes.
D)eosinophils.
E)RBCs.
32
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Chapter 21: The Cardiovascular System: The Heart
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192 Verified Questions
192 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following is true of the coronary arteries
A)They branch off the pulmonary veins.
B)Together they supply part of the heart muscle with oxygen.
C)They originate at the base of the aorta and are the first branches off this vessel.
D)They open and close in pulsation with the contraction and relaxation of the heart ventricles.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) Label CC: ______________________________
Q3) Label V: ______________________________
Q4) Label J: ______________________________
Q5) The heart has the unique ability to change its workload. On average the heart can pump between ________ and ________ liters of blood per minute.
A)2; 20
B)1; 3
C)10; 20
D)5; 50
E)5; 30
Q6) Label T: ______________________________
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Chapter 22: The Cardiovascular System: Vessels and Circulation
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187 Verified Questions
187 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) After passing from the thoracic cavity over the border of the first rib, the subclavian artery changes its name. The name changes continue along the arm and to the hand. In correct order, these names are: (1)superficial palmar arch (2)deep palmar arch (3)brachial artery
(4)radial artery
(5)axillary artery
(6)ulnar artery
A)1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
B)6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1
C)1 or 4, 2, 3 or 5, 6
D)5, 3, 4 or 6, 1 or 2
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) Label Z:
Q3) Label DD:
Q4)
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Chapter 23: The Lymphoid System
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164 Verified Questions
164 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Large quantities of ________ are contained in the red pulp of the spleen.
Q2) Label Z: ______________________________
Q3) The bulges that give the lymphatic vessels the "string of beads" appearance are caused by
A)periodic inflammation of the tissues that remove bacteria and viruses from other body tissues.
B)closely spaced valves within the vessels.
C)thickenings in the endothelial lining of the lymph vessels at evenly spaced intervals.
D)regions of higher pressure within the lymph vessels, which cause the walls to bulge.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q4) Label P: ______________________________
Q5) Helper T cells function as
A)the primary attack cell of cell-mediated immunity.
B)the regulators of the immune response.
C)antibody producers.
D)phagocytes.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q6) Label V: ______________________________
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Chapter 24: The Respiratory System
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Sample Questions
Q1) During swallowing, the ________ folds back over the glottis, preventing the entry of liquids or solids into the respiratory passageways.
Q2) Label F: ______________________________
Q3) Label T: ______________________________
Q4) During extreme bouts of exercise, inspiration may be aided by (the)
A)diaphragm and external and internal intercostal muscles.
B)rectus abdominis, external and internal oblique, and the transversus abdominis.
C)serratus anterior and levator scapulae.
D)intrinsic back muscles and the scalenus anterior and medius.
E)All of the answers are correct.
Q5) Label H: ______________________________
Q6) Label W: ______________________________
Q7) If a child swallows a small marble, and it lodges in the respiratory tract, where is it most likely to be found, and what symptoms are most likely to occur
Q8) Label N: ______________________________
Q9) Label K: ______________________________
Q10) Label O: ______________________________
37
Q11) Label BB: ______________________________
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Chapter 25: The Digestive System
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247 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Aging may be detrimental to the function of the digestive tract because
A)the tone of the smooth musculature increases.
B)the rate of epithelial stem cell division increases.
C)the effects of cumulative damage become apparent.
D)aged cells and tissues require more nutrients, but are less efficient at processing them.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) Which of the following are salivary glands
(1)parotid
(2)sublingual
(3)submandibular
(4)geniculate
(5)maxillary
A)All of the answers are correct.
B)None of the answers are correct.
C)1, 2, 3
D)3, 4, 5
E)2, 4
Q3) Label D: ______________________________
Q4) The ________ leads from the gallbladder to the common bile duct.
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Chapter 26: The Urinary System
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211 Verified Questions
211 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Label R: ______________________________
Q2) Label I: ______________________________
Q3) The kidneys are located
A)anterior to the colon and pancreas.
B)medial to the aorta.
C)retroperitoneally.
D)at the level between T10 and L1.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q4) Label D: ______________________________
Q5) Label L: ______________________________
Q6) Label V: ______________________________
Q7) ________ carry the impulses generated by the stretch receptors in the walls of the urinary bladder to the sacral spinal cord.
Q8) Label N: ______________________________
Q9) A condition of pain upon urination is called dysuria. A)True B)False
Q11) Label K: ______________________________ Page 39
Q10) Label S: ______________________________
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Page 40
Chapter 27: The Reproductive System
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246 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) When the ductus deferens fuses with the base of the seminal gland, it forms (the)
A)prostatic urethra.
B)deferential duct.
C)ejaculatory duct.
D)seminiferous tubules.
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q2) Label O: ______________________________
Q3) Label BB: ______________________________
Q4) What are the processes involved in the maturation of the ova
Q5) Which of the following is part of the male reproductive system only
A)ovaries
B)bulbo-urethral glands
C)uterus
D)uterine tubes
E)vagina
Q6) Label S: ______________________________
Q7) Label R: ______________________________
Q8) Label L: ______________________________
Q9) Label H: ______________________________
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Chapter 28: Embryology and Human Development
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
199 Verified Questions
199 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/38066
Sample Questions
Q1) Label O: ______________________________
Q2) Label V: ______________________________
Q3) White matter of the spinal cord develops from the A)notochord.
B)neuroepithelial layer.
C)mantle layer.
D)marginal layer.
E)neurocoel.
Q4) The length of the prenatal development period is called the ________ period. A)gestation
B)embryology
C)spermatogenesis
D)atresia
E)None of the answers are correct.
Q5) The collective term for embryonic and fetal development is ________.
Q6) Each germ layer develops into specific structures. The nervous system develops from the ________.
Q7) Diffusion occurs between the maternal blood flowing through the ________ and fetal blood flowing through vessels within the chorionic villi.
Q8) Label X: ______________________________
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