Behavioral Sciences
Final Exam
Course Introduction
Behavioral Sciences is an interdisciplinary field that explores the actions and interactions of humans and animals, focusing on the principles underlying behavior. This course examines major theories and empirical research from disciplines such as psychology, sociology, anthropology, and neuroscience to understand how biological, psychological, social, and cultural factors influence behavior. Students will investigate topics such as learning, motivation, perception, development, social dynamics, and mental health. Emphasis is placed on scientific methods used to study behavior, as well as the practical applications of behavioral science in addressing real-world issues and improving individual and societal well-being.
Recommended Textbook
Social Psychology 11th Edition by David Myers
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16 Chapters
2085 Verified Questions
2085 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1771
Page 2
Chapter 1: Introducing Social Psychology
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110 Verified Questions
110 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35256
Sample Questions
Q1) Research indicates that survey results often depend on the A)number of questions asked.
B)gender of the surveyor.
C)gender of the respondent.
D)wording and order of the questions.
Answer: D
Q2) Regarding social-psychological research,Myers warns that we must be cautious about
A)the use of random assignment.
B)inferring cause and effect from experiments.
C)the types of subjects used.
D)generalizing from the laboratory to life.
Answer: D
Q3) Socially shared beliefs are widely held ideas and values,which include our assumptions and cultural ideologies.This is a definition of A)nationality.
B)race.
C)social representations.
D)culture.
Answer: C
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Chapter 2: The Self in a Social World
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130 Verified Questions
130 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals,and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of A)high self-esteem.
B)low self-esteem.
C)individuality.
D)individualism.
Answer: D
Q2) Research has found that when prisoners are given some control over their environments,such as being able to move chairs and operate the lights,they tend to A)attempt to control other aspects of their lives,such as how often they go outside.
B)experience more stress.
C)exhibit more health problems.
D)commit less vandalism.
Answer: D
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4
Chapter 3: Social Beliefs and Judgments
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125 Verified Questions
125 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35258
Sample Questions
Q1) After 9/11,many people abandoned air travel because of the A)availability heuristic.
B)representativeness heuristic.
C)confirmation bias.
D)planning fallacy.
Answer: A
Q2) According to your text,people everywhere perceive mediators and the media as A)biased in favor of their position.
B)objective in their decisions and coverage.
C)biased against their position.
D)biased against the president.
Answer: C
Q3) The tendency for observers to underestimate situational influences and overestimate depositional influences on other people's behavior is called the A)false consensus bias.
B)misinformation effect.
C)fundamental attribution error.
D)dispositional bias.
Answer: C
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Page 5
Chapter 4: Behavior and Attitudes
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127 Verified Questions
127 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which statement is NOT true according to attitude research?
A)Attitudes best predict behavior when they are formed by direct experience.
B)Attitudes best predict behavior when they are thought about.
C)Attitudes best predict behavior when they are potent.
D)Attitudes best predict behavior when they are learned from parents.
Q2) Which statement is true?
A)Explicit attitudes are a good predictor of behavior.
B)Implicit attitudes are a good predictor of behavior.
C)Explicit and implicit attitudes are a good predictor of behavior.
D)Nothing is a good predictor of behavior.
Q3) Rewarding people for doing what they already enjoy may lead them to attribute their action to the reward.This is called
A)cognitive dissonance.
B)self-perception.
C)the overjustification effect.
D)the insufficient justification effect.
Q4) You would like your roommate to wash dishes more often.How could you use the insufficient justification effect to your advantage?
Q5) Explain the attitudes-follow-behavior principle and give an example.
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Chapter 5: Genes,culture,and Gender
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) One dramatic finding from developmental psychology (Plomin & Daniels,1987)is that two children in the same family are,on average,
A)as different from one another as two children selected at random.
B)more likely to share the same general personality characteristics than two children selected at random.
C)completely uninfluenced by their genetic heritage.
D)likely to share the same IQ.
Q2) The incest taboo is an example of A)natural selection.
B)a culturally specific norm.
C)a universal norm.
D)universal social belief dimension.
Q3) Zoe has lived in the United States all of her life,yet her Greek grandmother made sure that Zoe was fluent in the Greek language so she would understand the Greek way of life.What has Zoe's grandmother passed on to her?
A)a belief
B)a norm
C)a culture
D)a value
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Chapter 6: Conformity and Obedience
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132 Verified Questions
132 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35261
Sample Questions
Q1) A lone black female lawyer in a group of black and white male lawyers will be most conscious of being
A)black.
B)female.
C)a lawyer.
D)in a group.
Q2) In a variation of the Milgram study,teachers were required to force the learner's hand into contact with a shock plate.Under these conditions,
A)there was no change in resulting shocks.
B)there was a decrease in compliance to shock.
C)there was an increase in compliance to shock.
D)this study did not take place.
Q3) Asch's conformity experiments showed that most people
A)go along with others' decisions.
B)conform even when wrong.
C)tell the truth even when others do not.
D)become confused when confronteD.
Q4) Discuss the ethics of Milgram's study.
Q5) Describe what was done and what was found in Asch's (1955)study.
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Chapter 7: Persuasion
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35262
Sample Questions
Q1) Apparently,fear arousal facilitates persuasion when
A)fear is extremely high.
B)fear is moderately high.
C)the target has low self-esteem.
D)a way to avoid the almost certain danger is available.
Q2) Mere repetition of a message can
A)increase its fluency and make the message more believable.
B)decrease its fluency and believability.
C)decrease its impact but increase its believability.
D)Increase its impact but decrease its fluency.
Q3) The _____-route process is more likely to lead to long-term attitude and behavior changes than is the _____-route process.
A)cognitive;emotional
B)internal;external
C)central;peripheral
D)peripheral;central
Q4) Define both central and peripheral routes to processing.Provide an example of each,and suggest when each is most appropriate.
Page 9
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Chapter 8: Group Influence
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35263
Sample Questions
Q1) Research on brainstorming reveals that people working _______ will generate _______ good ideas.
A)alone;fewer
B)alone;more
C)in large groups;more
D)in small group;more
Q2) According to research on deindividuation and self-awareness,what should people who want to lose weight put on their refrigerator?
A)a lock
B)pictures of models whose bodies they admire
C)pictures of people who are overweight
D)a mirror
Q3) On Halloween night,Diener and her colleagues (1976)conducted a study of trick-or-treat theft at homes scattered throughout the Seattle area.Given a chance to steal candy,the children who were _______ were most likely to commit transgressions.
A)anonymous and alone
B)anonymous and in a group
C)frustrated and alone
D)frustrated and in a group
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Chapter 9: Prejudice: Disliking Others
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139 Verified Questions
139 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35264
Sample Questions
Q1) Research concerning automatic prejudices reveals that
A)automatic processing is associated with the frontal cortex.
B)pictures of outgroups that elicit the most disgust elicit more frontal lobe activity.
C)automatic processing is a conscious activity.
D)automatic processing involves primitive areas of the brain associated with fear.
Q2) Albert sees a great deal of difference between all of his fraternity brothers but thinks that all sorority girls are the same.Albert's beliefs are best explained by A)the outgroup homogeneity effect.
B)the ingroup bias.
C)his social dominance orientation.
D)the own-race bias.
Q3) An institutional practice that subordinates people of a given race is called A)racism.
B)prejudice.
C)discrimination.
D)a stereotype.
Q4) Define and provide examples of prejudice,stereotypes,and discrimination.
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11
Chapter 10: Aggression: Hurting Others
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135 Verified Questions
135 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35265
Sample Questions
Q1) A person kicking the wall after losing a game of poker is an example of A)regression.
B)displacement.
C)relative deprivation.
D)the weapons effect.
Q2) According to the social learning theory,whether we act aggressively depends on A)the aversive event.
B)the anticipated consequences.
C)the role of the parent.
D)bodily symptoms.
Q3) Sigmund Freud argued that aggression ultimately springs from A)an innate sexual drive.
B)a primitive death urge.
C)observation of aggressive adult models.
D)blocking of goal-directed behavior.
Q4) What is aggression? Based on your own experiences,give an example of hostile aggression and an example of instrumental aggression.
Q5) What arguments would you present in favor of stricter gun control laws?
Q6) Define both hostile and instrumental aggression,and give an example of each.
Q7) How does pornography encourage distorted perceptions of sexual reality?
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Chapter 11: Attraction and Intimacy: Liking and Loving
Others
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138 Verified Questions
138 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35266
Sample Questions
Q1) Jen is more in love with Stan today than the day she married him.According to research on the relationship between love and perceived attractiveness,
A)Jen probably finds Stan to be more attractive today than the day she married him.
B)Jen probably finds Stan to be less attractive today than the day she married him.
C)Stan probably finds Jen less attractive today than the day he married her.
D)Stan and Jen probably see each other as equally attractive.
Q2) Which of the following theories explain why romantic vacations,good dinners,and fun outings are always important in relationships?
A)ingratiation
B)the reward theory of attraction
C)the matching phenomenon
D)evolutionary theory
Q3) Generally speaking,to be really attractive is to be
A)very thin.
B)very muscular.
C)perfectly average.
D)very blonde.
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Page 13
Chapter 12: Helping
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137 Verified Questions
137 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35267
Sample Questions
Q1) When looking at ingroup similarity and helping,researchers noted all of the following EXCEPT
A)people tend to help those that are perceived similar in a narrowly defined group.
B)people tend to help those that are perceived similar in an inclusive larger defined group.
C)one way to increase people's willingness to help others is to promote social identities that are more inclusive than exclusive.
D)one way to increase people's willingness to help others is to promote social identities that are more exclusive than inclusive.
Q2) In observing people's responses to staged emergencies,Darley and Latané (1970)found that _______ greatly decreased intervention.
A)social alienation
B)a lack of empathy
C)the presence of other bystanders
D)self-concern
Q3) What does the research on the role of religious faith in helping conclude?
Q4) Define altruism and provide an example of it.
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14
Chapter 13: Conflict and Peacemaking
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136 Verified Questions
136 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35268
Sample Questions
Q1) David and Julie fought over what to name their new puppy,until finally they went to their children for a decision.David and Julie relied on _______ to resolve their conflict.
A)mediation
B)bargaining
C)conciliation
D)arbitration
Q2) A mediator seeks to achieve a mutually beneficial resolution by having the parties adopt a _______ orientation.
A)lose-lose
B)win-lose
C)win-win
D)submissive
Q3) Christina and Massimo have been saving money since they got married.Now Massimo wants to buy a new car,but Christina wants to continue saving for a new house.Massimo and Christina
A)are experiencing conflict.
B)are experiencing dissonance.
C)have mirror-image perceptions.
D)are developing superordinate goals.
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Page 15
Chapter 14: Social Psychology in the Clinic
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131 Verified Questions
131 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35269
Sample Questions
Q1) Beginning in adolescence,_____ is/are twice as likely to be at risk of depression as
A)men;women
B)women;men
C)There is no difference between men and women.
D)the first born child;the second born child
Q2) Which of the following is FALSE?
A)Women get sick more often than men.
B)Women take more prescription and nonprescription drugs than men.
C)Women report more symptoms than men.
D)Women visit doctors more often than men.
Q3) Brodt and Zimbardo (1981)found that shy women were no longer shy when they
A)were provided an alternative explanation for their social anxiety.
B)were provided alcohol before interacting with others.
C)discovered that most people feel shy.
D)were taught to blame their failures on circumstances beyond their control.
Q4) Explain the research on how people differ in their responses to stress.
Q5) Discuss the goal of explanatory style therapy for individuals with depression.
Q6) Myers reported a number of reasons why and when people feel anxious in social situations.Review them.
Page 16
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Chapter 15: Social Psychology in Court
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128 Verified Questions
128 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35270
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Retelling events accurately makes people less resistant to the misinformation effect.
B)Rehearsing answers before taking the witness stand decreases the confidence of those who are wrong.
C)Retelling events commits people to their recollections,accurate or not.
D)Retelling has no effect on memory.
Q2) Sheppard and Vidmar (1980)had some students serve as witnesses to a fight,while others took the roles of lawyers and judges.When they had been interviewed by the defense lawyer,the witnesses
A)gave testimony condemning the defendant as guilty.
B)gained self-confidence and claimed to remember more details.
C)gave testimony that was favorable to the defendant.
D)were less susceptible to the misinformation effect.
Q3) Jurors are best persuaded when
A)allowed to summarize evidence on their own and create their own stories of the events.
B)attorneys present evidence in a narrative fashion.
C)viewing live versus videotaped witnesses.
D)they have heard about the case on TV before they became jurors.
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Page 17
Chapter 16: Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future
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111 Verified Questions
111 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35271
Sample Questions
Q1) People with more money
A)perceive more control over their lives.
B)have a higher stress level.
C)are less happy in poor countries.
D)are more likely to reduce their consumption.
Q2) After some event that is good or bad,people generally _____ the enduring impact of the event.
A)underestimate
B)overestimate
C)can't guess
D)can accurately predict
Q3) Increased consumption has contributed to A)global warming.
B)the advance of polar icecaps.
C)earthquakes becoming more common.
D)increased birth rates in industrialized nations.
Q4) Define and provide an example of the upward social comparison.
Q5) Define and provide an example of the adaptation-level phenomenon.
Q6) Describe the effects of global warming.
Q7) What does Myers say about whether or not rich countries are happier?
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