Behavioral Neuroscience Exam Practice Tests
Course Introduction
Behavioral Neuroscience explores the biological foundations of behavior, focusing on how the brain and nervous system influence actions, emotions, and cognitive processes. This course examines the structure and function of neural circuits, neurotransmitter systems, and brain regions responsible for sensory perception, learning, memory, motivation, and emotion. Through an integrative approach combining psychology, biology, and physiology, students gain insights into methods and techniques used in neuroscience research and consider the implications for understanding mental health, neurological disorders, and the relationship between mind and body.
Recommended Textbook
Discovering Behavioral Neuroscience An Introduction to Biological Psychology 4th Edition by Laura
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16 Chapters
2642 Verified Questions
2642 Flashcards
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Chapter 1: What Is Behavioral Neuroscience?
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146 Verified Questions
146 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Reversible lesions are produced by applying
A) heat.
B) cold.
C) chemicals.
D) heat or cold.
Answer: B
Q2) Which of the following made the Neuron Doctrine possible?
A) the light microscope and the use of stains in histology
B) the ability to apply electricity through wires
C) fewer restrictions on animal research
D) fewer restrictions on human dissection
Answer: A
Q3) Experiments in which the cortices of rabbits and dogs were stimulated electrically were carried out by
A) Paul Broca.
B) Santiago Ramón y Cajal.
C) Fritsch and Hitzig.
D) Camillo Golgi.
Answer: C
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Page 3
Chapter 2: Functional Neuroanatomy and the Evolution of the Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Salivation and digestion are inhibited during activation of A) the somatic nervous system.
B) the parasympathetic nervous system.
C) the sympathetic nervous system.
D) both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.
Answer: C
Q2) The autonomic nervous system directly controls
A) the skeletal muscles.
B) the heart, lungs, and other organs.
C) the reticular formation.
D) temperature regulation.
Answer: B
Q3) The dorsal portion of the midbrain is also known as the A) tegmentum.
B) tectum.
C) cerebral aqueduct.
D) reticular formation.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Neurophysiology: The Structure and Functions of the
Cells of the Nervous System
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Sample Questions
Q1) Intracellular fluid is rich in
A) K+, with small amounts of Na+ and Cl?.
B) K+ and Cl?, with very small amounts of Na+.
C) Cl?, with very small amounts of K+ and Na+.
D) Na+ and Cl?, with small amounts of K+.
Answer: A
Q2) Mitochondria produce proteins in the neural cell body.
A)True
B)False
Answer: False
Q3) Ribosomes are built by the A) endoplasmic reticulum.
B) nucleolus
C) mitochondria.
D) Golgi apparatus.
Answer: B
Q4) Microtubules are the largest type of fibers found in the neural cytoskeleton.
A)True
B)False
Answer: True
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Chapter 4: Psychopharmacology
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180 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Vesicles
A) containing neuropeptides are used only once, whereas vesicles containing small molecule neurochemicals are recycled.
B) containing small molecule neurochemicals are used only once, whereas vesicles containing neuropeptides are recycles.
C) containing some small molecule neurochemicals are recycled, while vesicles containing other types of small molecules are not.
D) containing some neuropeptides are recycled, while vesicles containing other types of neuropeptides are not.
Q2) Glutamate can be toxic to neurons because
A) NMDA receptors allow calcium into a cell, and excess calcium can stimulate harmful levels of enzyme activity.
B) NMDA receptors block the movement of calcium into a cell, preventing the release of other neurochemicals.
C) it blocks receptors for other types of neurochemicals, preventing effective communication between cells.
D) its breakdown in the synaptic gap produces harmful free radicals.
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Chapter 5: Genetics and the Development of the Human Brain
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Sample Questions
Q1) Huntington's disease, a fatal degenerative movement disorder, results from large numbers of codon repeats in the Huntingtin gene located on chromosome 4. This means that the
A) extra codon repeats will not impact the individual's phenotype.
B) affected Huntington gene will be silenced, producing no protein.
C) affected Huntington gene will produce a protein with abnormally large amounts of the amino acid encoded by the extra codons.
D) affected Huntington gene will produce a protein with abnormally small amounts of the amino acid encoded by the extra codons.
Q2) Compared with non-twin siblings, fraternal twins
A) experience the same level of genetic and environmental influence.
B) have more genes in common.
C) have fewer environmental influences in common.
D) have more environmental influences in common.
Q3) Neurogenesis is now known to occur throughout life, though at different rates. Describe possible benefits of adult neurogenesis.
Q4) Summarize the major events that occur in synaptogenesis.
Q5) .Describe the development of the neural tube into bulges or vesicles.
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Chapter 6: Vision
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Sample Questions
Q1) The cell bodies of bipolar, amacrine, and horizontal cells are located in the _________ layer.
A) inner nuclear
B) outer nuclear
C) inner plexiform
D) outer plexiform
Q2) When a rod absorbs a photon of light, retinal changes from the
A) 11-cis form to the all-trans form and merges with opsin to form rhodopsin.
B) all-trans form to the 11-cis form and merges with opsin to form rhodopsin.
C) 11-cis form to the all-trans form, and the rhodopsin molecule breaks apart.
D) all-trans form to the 11-cis form, and the rhodopsin molecule breaks apart.
Q3) In the LGN, there are _________ magnocellular and _________ parvocellular layers.
A) three; three
B) four; four
C) two; four
D) four; two
Q4) In this image, #6 and #7 together are known as _____. They send information to _________ (#4), which, in turn, sends information to ___________ (#2).
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Chapter 7: Nonvisual Sensation and Perception
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Sample Questions
Q1) Axons from ________ first synapse in the superior olive in the pons, which in turn forms connections via the lateral lemniscus with the inferior colliculus.
A) the spiral ganglion cells
B) the dorsal cochlear nucleus
C) the ventral cochlear nucleus
D) both the dorsal and ventral cochlear nuclei
Q2) Matthew did not awaken when his rather noisy roommate came back to their dorm room in the very early hours of the morning. It is most likely that Matthew's failure to hear the disturbance resulted from
A) inner ear damage suffered as a result of attending too many loud heavy metal concerts.
B) input from the reticular formation to the MGN that adjusted his hearing to his state of consciousness.
C) stimulation of his superior olivary nucleus that temporarily made his inner hair cells less sensitive.
D) a temporary deficit in glutamate in his inner hair cells.
Q3) Discuss some variations in sensitivity to smell that have been shown in humans.
Q4) Describe the types of mechanoreceptors that provide information about touch.
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Page 9
Chapter 8: Movement
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Sample Questions
Q1) Kevina has been studying this figure for a quiz. She knows that the pathway indicated by #3 is the ______, whereas the pathway indicated by #6 is the _______.
Q2) The basal ganglia inhibit the activity of the thalamus.
A)True
B)False
Q3) Reciprocal inhibition is a simple type of _________ reflex.
A) monosynaptic
B) polysynaptic
C) flexion
D) withdrawal
Q4) Quadriplegia usually results from A) polio.
B) muscular dystrophy.
C) spinal cord damage at the cervical level.
D) spinal cord damage at the lumbar level.
Q5) Mellie is studying for a quiz and writes in her notes that a Z line is A) a segment of myofibril.
B) a measurement used to determine muscle mass.
C) the boundary of a sarcomere.
D) a reflex pathway in the nervous system.
Page 10
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Chapter 9: Homeostasis, Motivation, and Reward
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Sample Questions
Q1) Research by Cannon and Washburn, in which Washburn swallowed a balloon, investigated the role of
A) stomach contractions as cues for hunger.
B) blood glucose levels in satiety.
C) insulin levels in satiety.
D) glucagon levels as cues for hunger.
Q2) Adrian is at risk for heat stroke because
A) he is wearing heavy clothing and engaging in strenuous activity.
B) his pyrogens were released by disease-causing organisms.
C) his genetic predispositions cause him to sweat too much.
D) he has been drinking large quantities of fluid.
Q3) Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is released in response to
A) osmotic thirst only.
B) hypovolemic thirst only.
C) either osmotic or hypovolemic thirst.
D) release of renin.
Q4) Regarding reward, what is the difference between wanting and liking? Describe the brain regions involved with each.
Q5) Describe the role of the POA of the hypothalamus in the regulation of core body temperature in endotherms.
Page 11
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Chapter 10: Sexual Behavior
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159 Flashcards
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Sample Questions
Q1) Women may be attracted by body scents that reflect a man's
A) testosterone levels.
B) immune system.
C) symmetry.
D) vasopressin levels.
Q2) Exposure of female fetuses to androgens will
A) have no effect.
B) masculinize the internal organs.
C) masculinize the external genitalia.
D) masculinize both the internal organs and external genitalia.
Q3) About three months after conception, testosterone
A) promotes the development of the Wolffian system.
B) initiates the degeneration of the Wolffian system.
C) promotes the development of the Müllerian system.
D) initiates the degeneration of the Müllerian system.
Q4) Skeletal growth is slowed by
A) testosterone in males and estradiol in females.
B) estradiol in males and testosterone in females.
C) testosterone in both males and females.
D) estradiol in both males and females.
Page 12
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Chapter 11: Sleep and Waking
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Sample Questions
Q1) As per and tim proteins degrade over time,
A) the Clock protein is inhibited, leading to greater production of per and tim.
B) the Clock protein is activated, leading to greater production of per and tim.
C) more melatonin is released by the pineal gland, leading to greater production of per and tim.
D) the SCN is inhibited, leading to less production of per and tim.
Q2) Dr. Hickel has discovered that if she electrically stimulates the cells in the POA, her mice will immediately experience
A) NREM sleep.
B) wakefulness.
C) REM sleep.
D) coma.
Q3) Richard was diagnosed with major depressive disorder for which his physician prescribed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). Richard should expect that he will
A) have difficulty staying awake in class.
B) spend much more time in NREM, which may result in joint and muscle pains in the morning.
C) dream less than he did prior to taking the drug.
D) dream more than he did prior to taking the drug.
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Chapter 12: Learning and Memory
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Sample Questions
Q1) Classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane in rabbits is prevented by lesions of the
A) amygdala.
B) deep cerebellar nuclei.
C) interpositus nucleus of the cerebellum.
D) inferior olive.
Q2) Neural recordings by Ojemann and his colleagues showed that
A) we probably have generic memory neurons.
B) neurons responded differently to the specific type of information being processed.
C) neurons produce the same level of activity during encoding and retrieval.
D) neural activity is not correlated with specific memories.
Q3) Lashley's concept of equipotentiality means that
A) learning and memory functions are highly localized in the brain.
B) size and location of lesions have equal impacts on learned behavior.
C) all parts of the cortex make equal contributions to learning and memory.
D) the amount of cortex you have is not related to how well you can learn.
Q4) Explain the difference between associative and non-associative types of learning and give an example of each.
Q5) What is the process by which classical conditioning occurs in Aplysia?
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Chapter 13: Cognition
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Sample Questions
Q1) Left-handed people
A) nearly always lateralize language to the right hemisphere.
B) are less likely to lateralize language to the right hemisphere than right-handed people.
C) are less likely to use both hemispheres equally for language than right-handed people.
D) are more likely to use both hemispheres equally for language than right-handed people.
Q2) Describe the major features of dyslexia.
Q3) A person with alexia
A) can speak and understand normally but cannot read.
B) cannot recognize words that are spelled out loud to them.
C) can understand spoken language but cannot speak or read.
D) can point to words and letters on command but cannot read normally.
Q4) Split-brain operations like Bogen's produce
A) no changes in personality, intelligence, or speech.
B) changes in personality but none in intelligence or speech.
C) changes in intelligence but none in personality or speech.
D) changes in personality, intelligence, and speech.
Q5) Discuss the implications of lateralization on musical abilities and learning.
Page 15
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Chapter 14: Emotion, Aggression, and Stress
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Sample Questions
Q1) Damage to the amygdala may be correlated with A) increased rage.
B) increased pleasure.
C) inability to perceive others' happiness.
D) inability to perceive others' fear or anger.
Q2) The evolutionary perspective on emotions argues that they increase individual survival by
A) reducing responsiveness.
B) contributing to general arousal.
C) causing sleep.
D) producing autonomic responses.
Q3) How many major branches does the facial nerve have?
A) two
B) four
C) five
D) seven
Q4) Describe the response of the HPA axis to a frightening stimulus.
Q5) Compare and contrast the three classic theories of emotion.
Q6) Describe the strategies people use in emotion regulation.
Q7) What is the relationship between stress and health?
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Chapter 15: Neuropsychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In studies of prion proteins in cell culture, the abnormal prions
A) "hijack" deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in order to produce more abnormal prions.
B) convert normal prions into the abnormal form.
C) increase calcium influx, which triggers apoptosis.
D) enhance the expression of death genes that produce caspases.
Q2) The Halstead-Reitan battery is used to assess
A) cognitive function.
B) reflexes.
C) sensation.
D) coma.
Q3) Symptoms that occur following a concussion
A) occur only in cases in which unconsciousness lasts for more than a day.
B) occur only in cases in which bleeding has required surgery.
C) can produce lack of concentration and memory loss.
D) are usually so mild that the patient does not notice any changes.
Q4) Reactive neuroplasticity involves structural changes in the brain due to learning.
A)True
B)False
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Chapter 16: Psychopathology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Discuss the correlations between brain activity and antisocial behavior.
Q2) Treatments emphasizing anger control and moral reasoning are
A) ineffective with both criminal and psychopathic populations.
B) modestly effective with psychopathic youth.
C) modestly effective with criminals but not with psychopaths.
D) significantly effective with both criminals and psychopaths of any age.
Q3) Which of the following individuals has the highest risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia?
A) a 23-year-old woman whose mother was diagnosed with bipolar disorder
B) a 62-year-old man born in Panama
C) a 5-year-old child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
D) a 42-year-old man who uses heroin regularly
Q4) Schizophrenia patients might self-medicate with _____ as it has been shown to provide relief from problems in more general executive functioning and inhibitory control as well as the aberrant eye movements
A) nicotine
B) caffeine
C) heroin
D) alcohol
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