Advanced Topics in Learning Test Preparation
Course Introduction
This course delves into cutting-edge research and theories in the field of learning, examining cognitive, social, and technological factors that influence how humans and artificial systems acquire, process, and apply knowledge. Students will explore advanced topics such as metacognition, collaborative and experiential learning, adaptive technologies, and the neuroscience of learning. Emphasis will be placed on critical analysis of contemporary literature, interdisciplinary approaches, and the application of advanced learning strategies in educational and professional settings. Through projects and discussions, participants will engage with current challenges and innovations shaping the future of learning.
Recommended Textbook
Learning and Behavior 7th Edition by James
E. Mazur
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/study-set/1767
2
Chapter 1: History, background, and Basic Concepts
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35186
Sample Questions
Q1) Ebbinghaus's results suggest that studying a large number of names and dates immediately before an exam
A)is a good strategy
B)is a poor strategy
C)will neither help nor hurt
D)will help only if this information has also been studied at some earlier time
Answer: A
Q2) A particular cell in a cat's visual system might respond most strongly to a line with an angle that is 60 from the horizontal.Available evidence suggests that a cat's previous visual experiences
A)have no effect on the characteristics of such angle detectors
B)have no effect except to keep the detectors from deteriorating because of a lack of use
C)can affect to some extent the best angle for a given cell
D)are totally responsible for determining the best angle for a given cell
Answer: C
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
3
Chapter 2: Innate Behavior Patterns and Habituation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35187
Sample Questions
Q1) Habituation
A)can be observed in some one-celled organisms
B)can occur in the orienting response
C)can exhibit stimulus generalization
D)all of the above
Answer: D
Q2) In applying the terminology of control systems theory to the humidity-seeking behavior of the wood louse,the humidity level in the creature's current location can be called
A)the actual input
B)the reference input
C)a disturbance
D)the output
Answer: A
Q3) Unlike a kinesis,a taxis is
A)an example of a tropism
B)a movement or change in orientation of the entire organism
C)a learned behavior
D)a directed movement
Answer: D
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 4
Chapter 3: Basic Principles of Classical Conditioning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35188
Sample Questions
Q1) If a novel stimulus is presented shortly before the occurrence of a CS that has just undergone extinction,the CR is likely to reappear.This phenomenon is known as
A)spontaneous recovery
B)external inhibition
C)disinhibition
D)summation
Answer: C
Q2) In salivary conditioning,dogs will often orient toward the CS.This phenomenon is
A)evidence against a strict interpretation of stimulus substitution theory
B)evidence supporting a strict interpretation of stimulus substitution theory
C)only observed after many conditioning trials
D)evidence for S-S associations
Answer: A
Q3) The amount of excitatory conditioning is greatest in A)simultaneous conditioning
B)short-delay conditioning
C)long-delay conditioning
D)backward conditioning
Answer: B
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 5
Chapter 4: Theories and Research on Classical Conditioning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35189
Sample Questions
Q1) Research on the effectiveness of different types of stimuli has shown that A)taste stimuli are always easier to condition than visual stimuli
B)taste stimuli are always easier to condition than visual stimuli when the US is illness
C)taste stimuli are always easier to condition than visual stimuli when the US is shock
D)none of the above
Q2) For regular coffee drinkers,the smell and taste of coffee can serve as a CS that A)mimics the effects of caffeine
B)counteracts the effects of caffeine
C)leads to caffeine-like effects even with decaffeinated coffee
D)increases arousal
Q3) According to Wagner's sometimes-opponent-process theory,the CR will be a compensatory response rather than a mimicking response when A)the UR is monophasic
B)the UR is biphasic
C)the UR has been habituated
D)the UR is aversive
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
6
Chapter 5: Basic Principles of Operant Conditioning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35190
Sample Questions
Q1) The different topographies of a pigeon's autoshaped key pecks with food and water reinforcers are most consistent with the theory that these behaviors are
A)superstitious behaviors
B)operant responses
C)classically conditioned responses
D)adaptive to environmental contingencies
Q2) Skinner's explanation of his superstition experiment made use of the concept of A)interim behaviors
B)terminal behaviors
C)accidental reinforcement
D)none of the above
Q3) When photographing cats escaping their puzzle box,Guthrie and Horton found evidence for
A)conditioned inhibition
B)spontaneous recovery
C)the stop-action principle
D)conditioned reinforcement
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 7
Chapter 6: Reinforcement Schedules: Experimental
Analyses and Applications
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
28 Verified Questions
28 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35191
Sample Questions
Q1) Behavioral momentum can be measured as a behavior's A)forcefulness
B)duration
C)rate of occurrence
D)resistance to change
Q2) Unlike many attempts of ordinary people to change another individual's behavior,with behavior modification
A)the rules for reinforcement are always applied consistently
B)primary reinforcers are always used
C)continuous reinforcement is always used
D)all of the above
Q3) To be effective,a token reinforcement system
A)must provide the patient with tokens that are physical objects,such as poker chips
B)should only allow the tokens to purchase desired activities,not physical objects
C)should be terminated abruptly once a patient's behavior has improved
D)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
8
Chapter 7: Avoidance and Punishment
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35192
Sample Questions
Q1) Learned helplessness is likely to develop if
A)controllable shocks are preceded by uncontrollable shocks
B)uncontrollable shocks are preceded by controllable shocks
C)either a or b
D)neither a nor b
Q2) After training an avoidance response,response blocking can
A)lead to aggression
B)help to produce extinction of the avoidance response
C)produce an increase in avoidance responses
D)lead to increased fear of the CS
Q3) It may be difficult to reduce a behavior with punishment if
A)the punishment is delayed
B)the behavior is highly motivated
C)the intensity of the punishment is gradually increased
D)all of the above
Q4) Reinforcing normal speech while ignoring psychotic speech is an example of
A)differential reinforcement of alternative behavior
B)differential reinforcement of low rates
C)noncontingent reinforcement
D)response cost
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 9
Chapter 8: Theories and Research on Operant Conditioning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35193
Sample Questions
Q1) The key feature of all types of biofeedback is the use of
A)progressive relaxation techniques
B)positive reinforcement
C)information about bodily processes a person normally does not have
D)measuring muscle tension
Q2) Tolman and Honzik concluded from their experiment on latent learning that reinforcement
A)is necessary for both learning and performance
B)is not necessary for either learning or performance
C)is necessary for learning but not performance
D)is necessary for performance but not learning
Q3) Which of the following groups was not included in the Tolman and Honzik experiment on latent learning-
A)reinforcement on every trial
B)no reinforcement on any trial
C)no reinforcement in the first part of the experiment,then reinforcement on every trial
D)reinforcement on every trial in the first part of the experiment,then no reinforcement in the second part
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Chapter 9: Stimulus Control and Concept Learning
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35194
Sample Questions
Q1) According to the theory of Lashley and Wade,generalization is
A)an automatic by-product of the conditioning process
B)dependent on discrimination training along the relevant dimension
C)partly a and partly b
D)neither a nor b
Q2) In the research of Jenkins and Harrison,one group of pigeons received intradimensional training--a 1000 Hz tone was an S and a 950 Hz tone was an S-.In a generalization test along the dimension of tone frequency,this group produced
A)typical generalization gradients with peaks at 1000 Hz
B)extremely narrow generalization gradients
C)flat generalization gradients
D)no generalization to other tones
Q3) The phenomenon of peak shift is sometimes observed in
A)successive discrimination tasks
B)simultaneous discrimination tasks
C)both a and b
D)neither a nor b
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
11
Chapter 10: Comparative Cognition
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
27 Verified Questions
27 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35195
Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following provides evidence for maintenance rehearsal in animals-
A)research on discrimination reversals
B)research on directed forgetting
C)research on the speed of acquisition in classical conditioning
D)all of the above
Q2) If learning of new information makes it more difficult to remember older information,this is
A)proactive interference
B)retroactive interference
C)prospective coding
D)retrospective coding
Q3) According to Wagner's theory of rehearsal in animals,a surprising post-trial episode can diminish the conditioning from a CS-US pairing because
A)surprising events attract a good deal of attention
B)short-term memory has limited capacity
C)both rehearsal and attention make use of short-term memory
D)all of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
12
Chapter 11: Learning by Observation
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
26 Verified Questions
26 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35196
Sample Questions
Q1) If a parent has a child who is showing repeated aggressive behaviors toward other children,it would probably be most effective to
A)spank the child every time such aggression occurs
B)spank the child after first giving the child a warning
C)use response cost or time-out
D)ignore the aggressive behavior
Q2) Bandura's research on children's imitation of the aggressive behaviors of a filmed model showed that
A)what a child learns from a model depends on whether the model's behavior is reinforced or punished
B)how much a child imitates a model depends on whether the model's behavior is reinforced or punished
C)both a and b
D)neither a nor b
Q3) Evidence for observational learning of phobias has been found
A)in people but not animals
B)in animals but not people
C)in both people and animals
D)in neither people nor animals
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above.
Page 13
Chapter 12: Learning Motor Skills
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35197
Sample Questions
Q1) According to the response chain approach,when we have learned to produce a sequence of movements well
A)we can plan several steps in the sequence simultaneously
B)sensory feedback from one movement serves as a stimulus for the next movement in the sequence
C)we get better at the task by grouping the movements into chunks
D)we may make errors of anticipation by starting one movement out of order
Q2) The distinguishing characteristic of an open-loop movement is that it A)involves a sequence of responses
B)is completed before the individual receives any feedback
C)typically includes several mid-course corrections
D)none of the above
Q3) In a slow positioning task in which feedback is given after each trial is over,such as turning a pointer toward an unseen target,delay of feedback has A)little or no effect on learning or performance
B)a small but temporary effect on the rate of learning
C)a small but permanent effect on performance
D)a large and permanent effect on performance
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 14
Chapter 13: Choice
Available Study Resources on Quizplus for this Chatper
25 Verified Questions
25 Flashcards
Source URL: https://quizplus.com/quiz/35198
Sample Questions
Q1) Experiments have shown that in situations where optimization theory predicts one behavior and the matching law predicts another,
A)animals usually behave as the matching law predicts.
B)animals usually behave as optimization theory predicts.
C)animals shift back and forth,sometimes following the matching law and sometimes optimization theory.
D)people follow the matching law but animals do not.
Q2) To apply the matching law to cases where the researcher presents only one reinforcement schedule,such as a VI schedule with food reinforcement,Herrnstein assumed that
A)the subject will devote all its time to this schedule
B)the subject chooses between this schedule and extraneous reinforcers in the environment
C)the subject's responding will not change if the rate of reinforcement is varied D)none of the above
To view all questions and flashcards with answers, click on the resource link above. Page 15