Abnormal Psychology Exam
Answer Key
Course Introduction
Abnormal Psychology explores the nature, causes, and treatment of patterns of behavior, thought, and emotion considered to be outside the range of normal psychological functioning. The course covers diagnostic classification systems such as the DSM, examines major psychological disorders including anxiety, mood, psychotic, and personality disorders, and discusses theoretical perspectives on their origins and development. Students learn about assessment methods, ethical issues, the impact of cultural factors, and evidence-based interventions, gaining a comprehensive understanding of mental health challenges in contemporary society.
Recommended Textbook
Introduction to Clinical Psychology 4th Edition by John Hunsley
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Page 2
Chapter 1: The Evolution of Clinical Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) In the 1960s and 1970s,there was a marked ______ in the number of psychotherapies available,and an_______ in research concerning psychotherapy.
A) decrease; decrease
B) decrease; increase
C) increase; increase
D) increase; decrease
Answer: C
Q2) Who was Alfred Binet? Describe one of his major contributions.
Answer: Suggested answer:
a)A French psychologist who co-developed the first widely available,scientifically based test of human intelligence.
b)It was called the Stanford-Binet Intelligence test and was designed to be administered to children.
c)They designed the intelligence test to measure the abilities of school children,in an effort to identify children with limited cognitive abilities who were unlikely to benefit from typical teaching methods
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3
Chapter 2: Contemporary Clinical Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Which of the following are the four ethical principles in the Canadian Code of Ethics for Psychologists?
A) Responsibility to society, responsible caring, integrity in relationships, and respect for dignity of persons.
B) Respect for confidentiality, responsible caring, integrity in relationships, and dignity of persons.
C) Responsible relationships, respect for confidentiality, respect for dignity of persons, and responsible caring.
D) Respect for dignity of persons, respect for confidentiality, integrity in research, and responsible caring.
Answer: A
Q2) A needs assessment functions to
A) determine the extent of training required for new employee psychologists.
B) determine the extent of an unmet health care need in an identified population.
C) determine whether programs have successfully achieved their goals.
D) to assess the extent to which the program was carried out as intended.
Answer: B
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Chapter 3: Classification and Diagnosis
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Sample Questions
Q1) The primary purpose of a diagnostic system to classify mental disorders is that it serves to
A) differentiate between categorical and dimensional approaches to classification.
B) indicate potential causes and future developments in the disorder.
C) facilitate allocation of funding for research programs and community agencies servicing specific diagnostic groups.
D) provide a framework with which to train mental health practitioners.
Answer: B
Q2) In the 2004 survey of prevalence rates of mental disorders across 14 countries,the Mental Health Survey Consortium (World Health Organization)found that across most countries,________ disorders were the most common,followed by _______ disorders.
A) mood; anxiety
B) anxiety; impulse-control
C) anxiety; mood
D) mood; substance abuse
Answer: C
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5
Chapter 4: Research Methods in Clinical Psychology
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Sample Questions
Q1) Measurement unreliability,participant heterogeneity,and low statistical power are all threats to
A) internal reliability.
B) statistical conclusion validity.
C) Incremental validity.
D) inter-rater reliability.
Q2) Structural equation modeling (SEM)is used to
A) test all components of a theoretical model within a given data set.
B) unequivocally demonstrate that the hypothesized model is true.
C) use a relatively small sample, which is easier to obtain.
D) all of the above.
Q3) Why is low statistical power a common threat to the statistical conclusion validity of a study?
Q4) Probability sampling:
A) is designed to ensure that the research sample is representative of the populations.
B) Is designed to obtain a large sample size rather than a representative sample.
C) is the most commonly sampling strategy in clinical psychology research.
D) often requires web-based advertising to recruit participants.
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Chapter 5: Assessment: Overview
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Q1) List at least five of the Competencies in Psychological Assessment Expected at the Point of Licensure
Q2) Advances in online technology have
A) made it possible to complete a full psychological assessment online.
B) led to a number of websites offering psychological testing.
C) helped to eliminate a number of previous ethical and practical issues in psychological testing.
D) led to increased regulation of the online administration of psychological testing.
Q3) The use of assessment data,in combination with relevant empirical literature,to make predictions about the future course of an individual's psychological functioning is referred to as:
A) diagnosis.
B) prognosis.
C) treatment monitoring.
D) treatment evaluation.
Q4) Why is standardization necessary for psychological testing and how is it achieved?
Q5) Describe sensitivity and specificity.
Q6) Name and describe three of the purposes of psychological assessment.
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Chapter 6: Assessment: Interviewing and Observation
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Sample Questions
Q1) In conducting assessment interviews with children,psychologists now recognize that children
A) can provide important and reliable information.
B) are less reliable than adults in their reporting.
C) should only be interviewed if the information cannot be obtained from other sources.
D) can easily complete scaled-down versions of interviews developed for adults.
Q2) During a clinical interview,many psychologists find it useful to begin a discussion with
A) open-ended questions and follow up with closed questions to clarify details.
B) closed questions and follow up with open-ended questions to explore more topics.
C) a variety of closed and open-ended questions, depending on how much time there is.
D) closed ended questions and only ask open-ended questions for clarification.
Q3) Problem definition questions address
A) frequency of the problem.
B) duration of the problem.
C) intensity of the problem.
D) all of the above.
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8
Chapter 7: Assessment: Intellectual and Cognitive Measures
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Q1) The Kaufman tests of intellectual ability focus more on A) specific content areas that measure intellectual functioning.
B) general content areas that measure intellectual functioning.
C) process-based styles of learning.
D) none of the above.
Q2) It has been speculated that the Flynn Effect can primarily be explained by A) genetic factors.
B) environmental factors.
C) unknown factors.
D) measurement error.
Q3) Decades of research on the subtest profiles of the Wechsler scales has found that they
A) add little to the prediction of academic achievement.
B) add considerably to the prediction of academic achievement.
C) add considerably to the prediction of learning behaviours.
D) have high internal consistency reliability.
Q4) What is the difference between "g" and "s"? How are they related and what type of models do they represent?
Page 9
Q5) Describe the Flynn effect and indicate what is believed to be its cause.
Q6) List two limitations of the Wechsler scales.
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Page 10
Chapter 8: Assessment: Self-Report and Projective Measures
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Q1) Which approach to test construction involves retaining items that discriminate between two clearly defined groups?
A) Item approach
B) Content approach
C) Empirical criterion-keying approach
D) Construct approach
Q2) Research indicates that when examiners use Exner's Comprehensive System (CS)for administering and scoring the Rorschach test that
A) administration errors are still easy to make, and can impact examinees' responses.
B) administration errors much less common when using this system for administering and scoring the test.
C) the norms for the test underestimate rates of pathology within the nonpatient population.
D) the Rorschach is an appropriate tool to use with children and adolescents, yielding valid results.
Q3) Name two benefits of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI).
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11
Chapter 9: Assessment Integration and Clinical Decision-Making
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Sample Questions
Q1) Describe two advantages of reviewing assessment reports with clients?
Q2) Interpersonally oriented psychodynamic case formulations are likely to focus on __________________ process-experiential formulations are likely to focus on ______________.
A)dysfunctional relationship styles; environmental factors
B)dysfunctional relationship styles; emotional processing and insight
C)emotional processing and insight; dysfunctional relationship styles
D)emotional processing and insight; environmental factors
Q3) Why is it important for psychologists to be aware that data from multiple self-report tests and interviews are not independent sources?
Q4) In preparing a treatment plan,a psychologist must consider the A)reason for referral and problem identification.
B)aims and goals of treatment.
C)strategies for the planned treatment.
D)all of the above.
Q5) What is a case formulation? Describe two benefits of having a case formulation.
Q6) List and describe at least five of the common decision-making errors,biases,and heuristics as they relate to psychological assessment.
Page 12
Q7) What is a self-serving attributional bias?
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Chapter 10: Prevention
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Q1) Experts agree that the only sustainable way to reduce the societal burden of mental disorders is through
A)evidence-based assessment.
B)prevention.
C)evidence-based treatment via the internet.
D)training more psychologists.
Q2) There is strong evidence that children's functioning is challenged by A)poor parenting.
B)conflict in the family.
C)parental psychopathology.
D)all of the above.
Q3) Meta-analytic data indicates that the positive effects of intensive preschool interventions for disadvantaged children are evident
A)only in the short-term.
B)in the short-term and medium-term,but not long-term.
C)in the short-term,medium-term,and long-term.
D)none of the above.
Q4) What is community psychology?
Q5) Which is Indicated preventive interventions?
Q6) List at least three of the features of successful prevention programs.
Page 13
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Chapter 11: Intervention: Overview
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Sample Questions
Q1) Psychotherapy is practised by A)psychologists.
B)nurses.
C)social workers.
D)all of the above.
Q2) Which of the following is the psychologist's first task in short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy? To:
A)develop a positive transference relationship.
B)analyze the transference relationship.
C)deal with loss.
D)challenge the client to recognize his/her defence mechanisms that may impede progress in therapy.
Q3) Psychotherapy clients are most likely to A)be male.
B)be female.
C)have a lower income.
D)be older adults.
Q4) List three questions that all clinical psychologists should be prepared to answer for potential clients about psychotherapy services.
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Chapter 12: Intervention: Adults and Couples
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Q1) List three reasons why the adoption of evidence-based psychological treatments is slower than that of pharmaceutical interventions.
Q2) Which of the following are the three main treatment components of CBT for posttraumatic stress disorder?
A)Relaxation skills,imaginal exposure,in vivo exposure
B)Imaginal exposure,in vivo exposure,hypnosis
C)Relaxation skills,hypnosis,in vivo exposure
D)Relaxation skills,in vivo exposure,behavioural activation
Q3) There are evidence-based psychological treatment for
A)all affective disorders.
B)the most commonly diagnosed mental disorders.
C)most personality disorders.
D)all ICD diagnoses.
Q4) Meta analysis is a method for
A)qualitatively reviewing research studies.
B)quantitatively reviewing research studies.
C)critiquing research studies.
D)analyzing patients in the psychoanalytic tradition.
Q5) What does conversion of data into effect sizes allow researchers to do?
Q6) Define benchmarking strategy.What is the main goal of this strategy?
Page 15
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Chapter 13: Intervention: Children and Adolescents
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Q1) Evidence-based parenting programs involve reducing the child's oppositional behaviour by
A)modifying the child's social environment.
B)working directly with the child.
C)modifying parental expectation.
D)promoting parents' attachment behaviours.
Q2) The NICE guidelines recommend,for treating children and youth with depression,
A)antidepressants as a first line treatment.
B)antidepressants as a second option to be used only when CBT does not work.
C)that antidepressants should never be used without an accompanying psychological treatment.
D)that it is up to the discretion of the prescribing physician whether or not to use antidepressants.
Q3) Patterson (2005)found that that parent-child warmth is associated with A)parental punishment.
B)parental monitoring.
C)parental negative reinforcement.
D)child monitoring.
Q4) What are the NICE guidelines for treatment of depression in youth?
Q5) Define psychoeducation.
Page 16
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Chapter 14: Intervention: Identifying Key Elements of Change
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Q1) In terms of psychological reactance,low-reactant clients usually experience greater therapeutic gains in ____ directive treatment,and high-reactant clients usually experience greater therapeutic gains in ____ directive treatment. A)more; less B)less; more
C)less; less D)more; more
Q2) Define "common factors" in psychotherapy:
Q3) To be effective in delivering psychological services,the psychologist must have A)a large number of clients,interpersonal sensitivity,and tolerance for distress.
B)knowledge,technical skills,interpersonal sensitivity,and tolerance for distress. C)knowledge,ability to put others first at all costs,technical skills,and tolerance for distress.
D)a large number of clients,ability to put other first at all costs,interpersonal sensitivity,tolerance for distress.
Q4) What differentiates process research from process-outcome research?
Q5) What are the important components of the e therapeutic alliance.
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Chapter 15: Health Psychology, Clinical Neuropsychology, and Forensic Psychology
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Q1) ___________ refers to aspects of well-being for individuals living with diverse disorders,as well as for their caregivers.
A)Quality-of-life
B)Biosocial health
C)Level of satisfaction
D)Environmental contentment
Q2) What is clinical neuropsychology?
Q3) Define the concept of quality-of-life,and explain why it is important to measure this (alongside measuring the extent of disability).
Q4) Do neuropsychological tests reflect human functioning perfectly? Why or why not?
Q5) CBT treatment for insomnia includes:
A)sleep hygiene,stimulus control,sleep restriction,cognitive restructuring.
B)sleep hygiene,behavioural activation,sleep restriction,cognitive restructuring.
C)behavioural activation,sleep hygiene,exposure,cognitive restructuring.
D)exposure,cognitive restructuring,stimulus control,sleep restriction.
Q6) What is the difference between neuroanatomy and neuropathology?
Q7) What is the difference between acute pain and chronic pain?
Page 18
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