Working Document Exploratory Quantum Technology Assessment

Exploratory Quantum Technology Assessment

EQTARoadmap

GoingthroughthisEQTARoadmapismorethanjustcollecting informationtomakeadecisionabouttheresponsibleapplicationof quantumtechnology.Ithelpsorganizationsthinkaboutwherequantum technologycantakethem,whetherthatisdesirable,howtogradually gaincertaintyabouttheseideas,andwhatneedstobedonetorealize thatfuture.

TheEQTAhelpsorganizationsunderstandwhichdevelopmentstheyneedtofollow inthefieldofquantumtechnologyandwhetherandhowtheycaninitiateandsteer thesedevelopments.Someorganizationsmaydecidethattheyneedtogain experiencewithquantumtechnology.Othersmaydecidethatmanagement, employees,andotherstakeholdersshouldlearnandunderstandwhatquantum technologycanmeanfortheorganizationandinvolvethesegroupsactivelyin developingideas.AftercompletingtheEQTA,organizationsmaystartworking togetherormakeanefforttoachievestandardizationanddevelopethical frameworksandregulations.

BygoingthroughtheEQTA,organizationscanbetterunderstandtheimpactof geopoliticaldevelopmentsfortheapplicationofquantumtechnology.Theycan ensurethateducationrespondsinatimelymannertotheskillsneededtouse quantumtechnologyorthatserviceprovidersdevelopservicesthatmeettheir requirements.ThemostimportantpartofgoingthroughtheEQTAmaybethelast step:theevaluation.Thisinvolvesplanningevaluationofthedecision,whenlooking attheeffectofthemeasurestaken,andthenplanningfurthersteps.

Quickscanandroadmap

QUICKSCAN

QuantumTechnology exploration andtimelines (page89)

ExploreApplications: examplesofapplications (page75)

Describeimpact onorganization, opportunities,andpotential threats(page13)

Performa stakeholderanalysis (page69)

Organizeadialogue tovalidatethedescription, develop,anddecideifitis necessarytocontinue theEQTA(page69)

Decide: isitnecessaryto continuetothefullEQTA?

EXPLORATION INPRACTICE

Explorethesocietal framework (page36)

Document andjustifythe decision(page71)

Step2

Communication,knowledge, imagingandmyths

Societal,organizational requirementstoembed technologyinsociety

Stakeholdersinandoutside theorganization

Indepenceofdevelopments outsidetheorganization

Exploretechnological frameworks (page48)

Step1 Step4 Step5 Step6

Qualityrequirementsfor technologyandcloud

Technologicalrequirements forsafety,trustanddata governance

Requirementsforfutureproof investmentsandfreedom ofchoiceforinnovation

Explorelegalandethical frameworks (page54) Step3

Applicablelegal frameworks

Ethicalframeworks

ExploratoryQuantumTechnologyAssessment

Step7

Stakeholder dialogue (page69)

Developapproachesfor (social)innovationwith stakeholdersbasedon relevantvalues

Balancing (page71)

Compareapproachesbased onsubsidiarity(arethere alternatives?),proportionality (arethemeansandendsin proportion?)andnecessity

Decisionmakingand justification (page72)

Decideonthestepstobe takenandjustification

Feedbackand evaluation (page72)

Setupprocessestofollow developmentsinatargeted mannerandperiodically evaluatethedecision

ThisRoadmapispartoftheExploratoryQuantumTechnology Assessment(EQTA),developedonbehalfofQuantumDelta Netherlands,withthehelpofaworkinggroupofexpertsand stakeholdersguidedbyECP|PlatformfortheInformationSociety. ThepagenumbersrefertotheexplanationinthefullEQTA.

QuickScan

QuantumTechnologyexplorationandtimelines.

Explorehowquantumtechnologywillplayaroleinyourorganization’ssector ordomain.Whatchangesforyourorganizationwhenotherorganizationsstart usingquantumtechnology?Howlongdoesittakeforproductstoreachthe market?

ExploreApplications:examplesofapplications. Whichapplicationsofquantumtechnologyareimportantforyourorganization? Oraretherethreatsthatyourorganizationneedstotakeintoaccount?

Describeimpactonorganization,opportunities,andpotentialthreats. Whowithinandoutsidetheorganizationwillbeaffectedbytheapplicationof quantumtechnology(employeesontheshopfloor,management,customersor partners,regulators)?Whatexpertiseisneededtoassessandmanagethatimpact?

Organizeadialogtovalidateanddeveloptheinsights.

Inadialoguewithstakeholders(whoexperiencetheimpact)andexperts,test andenrichideasabouttheapplicationofquantumtechnology,theopportunities itoffers,anditsimpact.Discusswhattheorganizationneedstodotoseizethese opportunitiesandmanagetheirconsequences.

Decide:isitnecessarytocontinuetothefullEQTA?

Basedontheresultsofthedialogue,determineiffurtheranalysisisrequired torealizetheopportunitiesandtomitigatetherisks.

Yes, further analysis is required. Continue to Step 1

N0, additional analysis is not required. Record and account for the decision. If the EQTA is not continued, establish which developments or at what point in time the decision and its underlying assumptions will be reassessed.

Exploration

Step1.Explorethesocietalframework

Communication,knowledge,perceptionsandmyths. Whataretheperceptionssurroundingquantumtechnology?

Auxiliaryquestions: Whatideasexistinsideandoutsidetheorganizationabout quantumtechnologyandhowmightthataffecttheintendedapplication?Which groupsorindividualsshouldbeabletoparticipateintheapplication?Whatdo theyneedtoknow?

Socialandorganizationalconditionsforsuccesfulembedding oftechnology.

Inadialoguewithstakeholders(affectedbyitsimpact)andexperts,evaluate andexpanduponideasregardingtheimplementationofquantumtechnology, itspotentialbenefits,anditsimpact.Discusstheactionstheorganizationmust taketocapitalizeontheseopportunitiesandmitigateanyconsequence.

Stakeholdersinandoutsidetheorganization.

Whoarethestakeholders.Whoareaffectedbytheimpactoftheapplication?

Auxiliaryquestions: Whowillbe'impacted'bytheapplicationandhow?Howcan thesegroupsbeinvolvedindevelopment,implementationandevaluation?

Depenceondevelopmentsoutsidetheorganization.

Whatistheinternationalcontext?

Auxiliaryquestions: whichinternationalplayersareinvolvedintheproposed implementation?Whatpotentialdependenciescouldarise(suchasissuesof sovereignty)?Doforeignentitieshaveaccesstotheimplementation? Whatarethepotentialimplicationsofthis?

Step2.Exploretechnologicalframeworks

QualityRequirements.

Whatstandardqualitycriteriamustthetechnologymeettoattainthe statedobjectivesandadvantages?Considerfactorssuchasfunctionality, sustainability(intermsofmaterialsandenergyconsumption),reliability, maintainability,errorresilience,flexibility,scalability,andtransparency. Alsotakeintoaccountrequirementsforoutsourcingtheuseofquantum technologythroughcloudandonlineservices.

Technologicalrequirements:safety,trust,data-governance.

Whattechnicalrequirementsshouldbeimposedinrelationtoprivacy,security, data,identity,authentication,andauthorization?

Developwithstakeholders,expertsandmanagementpossible approachesandtimelines.

Whichpreconditionsshouldbesetonquantumtechnologytoensurefuture proofinvestmentsandfreedomofchoicefororganizationsinfuture?

Step3.Explorelegalandethicalframeworks LegalFramework.

Whichlegalframeworksapply?Considerframeworksforhumanrights,privacy anddataprotection,goodgovernance,intellectualproperty,quantum-specific legislation,andcountry-,sector-,andindustry-specificframeworks.

Ethicalframeworks.

Whatethicalframeworksarerelevant?Takeintoaccountthe‘quantum computinggovernanceprinciples’establishedbytheWorldEconomicForum, aswellasethicalguidelinessetforthbyorganizationssuchastheUN,IEEE (engineering),andOECD.Whatprinciplesandvaluesdoesyourorganization uphold?

Makethesegeneralprinciplesandpremisesasspecificaspossibleinlight oftheproposedapplicationanditsobjectives.

Inpractice

Step4.Stakeholderdialogue

Developwithstakeholders,expertsandmanagement possibleapproachesandtimelines.

Incorporatethekeyconsiderationsidentifiedinthepreviousthreesteps (fromvariousperspectivesincludingsocietal,technical,organizational,legal, andethical)bydevelopingpotentialapproachesthroughdialoguewiththe organization’smanagementandleadership,futureusers,thoseimpactedby theimplementation,andexperts(suchastechnicians,lawyers,ethicists,and socialissuespecialists).Discusstheeffectsofeachapproach,theunderlying valuesatstake,andtheimplicationsfortechnology,theorganizational environment,andpeople/users.

Step5.Balancing Compareapproaches.

Comparethedescribedapproachesintermsofsubsidiarity(whatarethe alternativeswiththeleastimpact),proportionality(arethemeansinproportion tothegoal)andnecessity.Documenttheanalysis.

Step6.Decisionmakingandjustification

Decisiononstepstobetakenandonaccountability. Documentthechoice,thestepstobetakenandjustifyboth.

Step7.Feedbackandevaluation

Establishprocessestotrackdevelopmentsinafocused wayandevaluatethedecisiononaregularbasis. Implementprocedurestoconsistentlyassessthedecision,ensuretheobjectives ofthestepsarebeingmet,verifytheassumptions,andreactappropriatelyto newdevelopments.

EQTAwasmadepossiblebytheMinistryofEconomic AffairsandClimateandfundedbytheQuantumDelta NetherlandsGrowthFund.EQTAisatooldeveloped bytheCentreforQuantumandSociety..