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Leaving school? Apply now for September 2018 You can still apply for September 2018, even if you have already applied elsewhere. To apply online, simply browse the full-time 16-19 courses and when you find the course you want to study, click on ‘apply now’ to complete a simple online application form. You can also come in to the College if you would like to apply in person or would like further advice or information about MET courses.
Brighton courses: admissions-brighton@gbmc.ac.uk Worthing courses: admissions-worthing@gbmc.ac.uk You can apply to the MET at any time throughout the year.
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The joy of June
INSIDE THIS MONTH...
Phew! Apparently, we are to get a scorcher. It doesn’t happen every year, so I bet many memories will be made this summer. Summer is holiday time of course and Jayne’s article shows us what travel used to be like. I think it is better now. But if you can’t be taking off abroad, we can still make use of the warm days by popping out for a picnic or sitting outside in the evening. Hope you have a good time
STRAWBERRY MERINGUE GÂTEAU
ne and The Joys of Ju king Ta ly al ci Espe autiful Be r ou in e Prid es ac Sp Clean
Early Continental Travel: The Grand Tour
Cottage Cheese
Swifts
Magpies
Herbal Tips for Soothing Sunburn
Tea Times
Put on a happy face
21st Century Tips Britons in Space Children’s teaparty treat – sprinkle multi-coloured jelly babies into your jelly mixture before it sets.
Eggs – Eggs will whip more easily if left in cold water for 10 minutes before breaking. Save the packaging – Re-use the clever packaging
used for so much of our food for transporting picnic food, keeping left overs etc.
Scotch eggs – Try coating scotch eggs with
stuffing mix instead of breadcrumbs for a tasty change.
Duncan has been exploring the 7 Directory and if you look carefully you will find him in three different places. Last month he was on pages 6, 22 & 26
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STRAWBERRY MERINGUE GÂTEAU Seasonal Recipe by Valerie Hedgethorne Valerie Hedgethorne taught cookery & cake decorating for many years in Brighton before becoming a Home Economist and writing for the national magazine CAKE for 20 years. Valerie is a past president of the British Sugarcraft Guild & is a member of the local Guild Branch, which meets monthly in Rottingdean for demonstrations of all types of cake decorating. Anyone with an interest in cake decorating is welcome – for more information phone Valerie on 01273 505223.
Strawberries and cream are synonymous with June but when partnered with meringue is a heavenly combination. You could not wish for a more delicious gateâu for any occasion. The meringue rounds can be made ahead of
time and assembled when needed. You will need three baking trays and silicone coated parchment paper, also a plastic piping bag and large star nozzle.
FULL RECIPE OVER THE PAGE 4
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THE CRESCENT Thank you for all coming and supporting us for our Royal Wedding party on Saturday 19th May. We raised alot of money for our selected charities and even made it into the news! With Summer well and truly upon us, we have a fantastic menu available everyday, with lovely Salads, homemade lite bites and our popular pub classics. Don’t forget the general knowledge quiz every Tuesday 9pm 2 for 1 Burgers every Wednesday 6-9pm Fizz Friday, Prosecco only £15 a bottle Kid’s eat Free on Sundays We look forward to seeing you very soon
Visit our website for more details www.thecrescentpub.co.uk
6 Clifton Hill • Brighton • BN1 3HL • 01273 205260 Facebook: Crescent Brighton • Twitter: @crescentBN1
“If there is a God, his plan is very similar to someone not having a plan.” - Eddie Izzard
Summer Fun Day & Car Show Sunday 1 July 10am - 4pm
TRAVELMASTERS
The best way to start and end your journey.
Cars
Minibuses
Coaches
Join us for lots of fun! We will have: trade stands , beer tent , B B Q , refreshments, raffle, tombola, tours, tractor trailer rides, face painting, bouncy slide,local fire brigade and lots more. Live entertainment from Redhurst School of Dance, B MVocals Performers , Renshinkan Karate England,Earthquake drummers, and live music courtesy of B adger. Our stalls are all under cover so come along whether rain or shine! New for this year is a Flyball demo!, our dog show returns, with different classes starting from 11am and there will be a car boot sale too. . Dogs are very welcome on the day, sadly they are not allowed inside the adoption centre. Please do not leave your dog in the car. Find us at: National Cat Adoption Centre, Chelwood Gate, Haywards Heath, East Sussex, RH17 7DE For further information please contact:
T: 01825 741331 E: cattery.reception@cats.org.uk W: www.ncac.cats.org.uk fb: National Cat A doption Centre Reg Charity 203644 (England and Wales) and SC037711 (Scotland)
.
T
Travelmasters is a company specialising in airport, seaport, and long distance travel. Our reputation has been built throughout Sussex on providing a reliable service at competitive prices. www.travelmasters.co.uk
GATWICK from
£40 HEATHROW from
£80
01273 62862801273 01444 628628 471571 01323 761761 Thinking about Advertising? call: 01273 299219 • Please mention 7 Directory when responding to adverts | 5
STRAWBERRY MERINGUE GÂTEAU CONTINUED INGREDIENTS: • Four egg whites measuring 100ml (4fl oz) • 110g (4oz) icing sugar • 110g (4oz) caster sugar • Few drops lemon juice Filling • 325g (12oz) strawberries • 300ml (10fl oz) double cream
METHOD: Cut three 20cm (8in) circles from silicone coated parchment paper and put them on the baking trays. Heat the oven to gas ¼/100C Combine the two sugars together.
Whisk the egg whites with a few drops of lemon juice until stiff. Whisk in half the sugars very gradually, then using a large metal spoon fold in the remainder. Divide this meringue between the three paper circles and spread it evenly and level. Put small dabs of meringue under the paper to keep it in position. Leave in the oven until completely dried out. This will take at least 1 hour but varies according to your oven. If you don’t have three shelves put the 3rd tray in a warm place and change the trays round occasionally. When they are ready they will lift easily from the paper and there must be no softness underneath. You can carefully turn them over to finish drying.
Filling: reserve 8 strawberries for the decoration and one or two for the centre (or halve if large). Hull and slice the remaining strawberries. Whip the cream to soft peak, put 3 tablespoons in the piping bag with the star nozzle. On the best round pipe 8 rosettes around the edge. Fold the sliced strawberries into the remaining cream and sandwich the three rounds together, placing the decorated one on top. Arrange the reserved strawberries on the cream rosettes and one or two in the centre. Once assembled leave for half an hour in the refrigerator and serve within two hours. I obtained small strawberries from Danny at Fiveways Fruits.
Don’t forget you can see this and many of my other recipes on the magazine website
Geraniums – To encourage geranium growth, keep all your eggshells. Put into a bucket of water. After a few weeks remove the shells and use the liquid to water your geraniums. Frying pan fire – Turn of the heat immediately and put the lid on. No lid?
Cover with a damp towel. Leave for half an hour. Don’t move the pan or put water on it.
Insect/Fly spots on windows – Ugly fly and insect spots on windows
can be removed using cold tea. 6
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St Nicholas Lunchtime Recitals St Nicholas, Church Street is the Mother Church of Brighton. It is ancient – founded in 1091 and mentioned in the Domesday Book. It is exquisitely beautiful and a wonderful setting for the weekly lunchtime recitals, everyone is warmly invited:
Discover Sussex by walking with Brighton HF Rambling Club (est. 1906) New Members Welcome
June Events 6 - Daisy Chute (female acoustic music collective) 13 - Orlando Shamlou (piano) 20 – (Patrick Avery (guitar)) 27 – Joshua Urben & Eliette Harris (piano & violin)
July 4 – Joshua Urben (piano) & Igor Petricevic (Tenor) 11 – Hector Castro (classical guitar) 18 - Hammig String Quartet 25 – Hector Castro (guitar trio)
August 1 - Janice Fehlauer (piano) 8 – Harmonia a Capell Trio 13 - Nottingham Girls' choir (from Alberta, Canada) 22 - Mary Thomas (soprano) 29 - Jingle Gawley (Lieder & piano compositions) If you’re heading to Churchill Square on a Wednesday why not include a delightfully refreshing pause in the day? The lunchtime recitals are held in the Church every Wednesday at 12:30pm lasting for 45 minutes. A minimum donation of £3.00 towards recital expenses is appreciated. The recitals provide a perfect break for you to have your lunch and relax, perhaps before heading back to work. You are welcome to bring your own sandwiches. Tea and Coffee is available for a donation.
8
Put on a happy face
01273 299219
The club arranges walks on Wednesdays & Sundays throughout the year. Average distance 8 to 10 miles. The cost of yearly membership is only £4.00 Not all smiles are the same, an ‘artificial’ smile – also known as the ‘Pan-Am Smile’ For more details please contact – onlyTim usesRanger the cheek muscles. A genuine on 01903 877939 smile involves the muscles around the eyes Or visit our website as well. These muscles are not under our www.brightonhframblingclub.co.uk voluntary control. All smiles are good though and deserve one in return. Smiling has been proven to give our mood a boost – whether fake or not – by releasing hormones in the brain including dopamine and serotonin. Happily, just the sight of a smile also gives us a lift too. We are urged to smile as often as we can, even when we are alone. In our screen-staring work lives these days we experience and give all too few. Perhaps this is why emoticons arose? It is interesting though that the western emoticons for happiness, and sadness come to that, only refer to the mouth :-) or : ( whereas the Japanese and Chinese equivalents are all about the eyes, happy: ^_^ and sad ; _ ; So, maybe it is us who are the inscrutable ones.
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stay active Want Want to staytoactive and avoid falling? Standing Tall is a friendly fall prevention andexercise avoidand falling? class for people over 60 proven to improve strength, Standing is a friendly exercise and balance,Tall mobility and confidence. class forclasses peopleare over 60 Runfalls by aprevention physiotherapist, friendly, that is proven toeffective. improve strength, safe & balance,Square mobility and confidence. Hop 50+ Palmeira - Wednesdays 10.30 – 12pm Run by physiotherapist, £7.a50/class Tea & chatclasses after are & effective. Call Ruth: 07399friendly, 993426safe • rmcenerycarter@gmail.com
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We invite you to join us for a weekend workshop with renowned healer and teacher, Yuan Tze in his first visit to the UK
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Rose
Herbal Tips for Soothing Sunburn By Lucinda Warner Given the beautiful weather we’ve been having recently many of us have been enjoying being outside as much as possible, soaking up the warmth and the sense of wellbeing that comes with it. Skin that has been wrapped up all winter can easily get burnt though, especially when there is a sudden rather than gradual shift to hotter days. Of course the ideal is to protect yourself with loose layers and a hat and avoid burning at all but, in the event that it does happen, here are a few tips to help you calm the redness and sooth the ouch.
wonderful for soothing irritation and redness and calming inflammation. Rose is astringent and cooling and has an affinity for red, irritated skin. It combines well with elderflowers and can be made into a tea which should be cooled in the fridge and used, either as a wash over the area or as a compress by soaking a cloth in the infusion and then applying it to the area until it heats up, then repeating. Mint has a noticeably cooling effect on the skin which can help relieve soreness and itching, meadowsweet is very anti-inflammatory and lime blossom is soothing and healing.
Fortunately nature has ensured we have some wonderful remedies at our fingertips during the hottest summer months. Rose and elderflowers in June, followed by mint, meadowsweet and lime blossom are all
An effective way to prepare the herbs in advance is by adding them to a jar, covering in apple cider vinegar and allowing them to infuse for three weeks before straining and bottling. This infused vinegar can then be diluted into cool water (use a couple of tablespoons in a cereal bowl amount of water) and applied to the area. Vinegar has been used as a remedy for sunburn itself so it works well combined with the healing properties of the herbs. Aloe vera gel is perhaps the best known remedy for sunburn and it is well worth keeping a tub on your shelf for its cooling and healing actions. A tablespoon full mixed with a couple of drops of high quality lavender essential oil will have an instantly calming effect and can help you to sleep when lying on burnt areas is uncomfortable. There are lots of old kitchen remedies for soothing sunburns like applying grated potato
Elderflower 10
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Article: Herbal Tips for Soothing Sunburn Continued
to the area, or slices of cucumber, or plain yoghurt. All of these are cooling and calming so will no doubt have a soothing effect. Perhaps the most important tip for sunburn isn’t something to apply externally but rather to keep very hydrated with plain water. This will help heal the damaged skin from the inside out and also aid in preventing accompanying problems like heat stroke. When applying new products to the skin it’s always wise to do a patch test first to ensure there is no reaction, especially if you have sensitive skin. Wishing you all a joyful summer. Lucinda Warner is a Brighton based herbalist and plant lover. For more information on the herbs and preparations mentioned see whisperingearth.co.uk lover.
Rose, lavender, mint and elderflower infusion
Good Shepherd Festival, 9th of June! It will kick off with a fabulous Family Fun Day on Saturday, 9th June, 2 to 5pm. The "Dog Show" will be the highlight of the day with a variety of other entertainments. Various other events follow during the week. All are welcome! Details on our website: www.goodshepherdbrighton.org.uk
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Funeral Director of the Year 2014
01273 621444 Traditional and Green Cremations & Burials At ARKA Original Funerals we make sure that you feel comfortable and unpressured about making decisions for the funeral of a loved one. Our team has a wealth of experience arranging unique ceremonies with sound environmental practices and sustainably sourced coffins. 136 Islingword Road BN2 9SH • 01273 621444 or 39-41 Surrey Street BN1 3PB • 01273 766620 www.arkafunerals.co.uk • info@arkafunerals.co.uk
“A cucumber should be well sliced, and dressed with pepper and vinegar, and then thrown out as good for nothing.� - Samuel Johnson
Painting & Decorating Trained & Qualified Staff Est. 1998 • Interior/Exterior • All Aspects of Decorating Undertaken • Very Reasonable Rates. • Friendly & Reliable Service. • Fully Insured. Refs available • For Free Estimate Call Dennis:
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Early Continental Travel: The Grand Tour By Jayne Shrimpton
Paris, considered the greatest city in 18th-century Europe, was usually the first stop on the Grand Tour, as depicted in this satirical print, Englishman at Paris, after W H Bunbury, 1767 © Wikimedia Commons As summer time and holidays beckon, we look back at early British foreign travel and the Grand Tour, which inspired the term ‘tourist’. An elite experience During the 1700s travel throughout Europe expanded considerably, but was mainly dominated by young British aristocrats and gentlemen on the ‘Grand Tour’, an elite educational experience that peaked during the Georgian era. The sons of aristocrats and landed gentry were sent abroad after school or university, aged 15 and upwards, ostensibly to complete their studies at European establishments, or to have private tuition in languages, mathematics, drawing, fencing, dancing and riding. Youths were usually accompanied by an older tutor/ supervisor called a ‘Bear Leader’ and a manservant, tours lasting from a few months to two or more years. Networks 14
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The first British tourists were chiefly privileged young gentlemen on the Grand Tour of the continent, as seen in this portrait of Richard Milles in Rome by Pompeo Batoni, c.1758 © Wikimedia Commons
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Ever considered a facelift? We can offer you a natural facelift within weeks with the same technology used in the medical field. We believe in restoring your face naturally, by giving your facial muscles a workout and tightening the skin using the latest technology. Say goodbye to facelifts, botox and derma fillers for good and be the best you can be. Match Skin Salon, Langford Suites, 16 Third Avenue Hove BN3 2PX (01273) 719009 • www.matchskinsalon.co.uk “We make a living by what we get, but we make a life by what we give.” - Winston Churchill
THE RAILWAY CLUB NEW MEMBERS Phone for
more info WELCOME Membership open to non railway employees
Swing Jazz, Third Friday of the month.
Need a Venue? Central location, relaxed atmosphere. Fantastic dance floor, ready-made sound system, friendly bar and a great welcome Call to discuss. Meeting rooms also available. Daytime or Evening.
The Railway Club - 4 Belmont, (street beside Good Companions, Seven Dials)
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of family and diplomatic connections and letters of introduction ensured their entrée into polite European society and theoretically they returned home wellinformed and cultured young men, prepared for their hereditary roles as members of the ruling elite. Tourist itineraries The archetypal continental Grand Tour comprised a stay in Paris and the principal Italian cities. Paris was considered the greatest city in 18th-century Europe, and for some travellers was the main focus: most educated Britons were conversant in French, and Paris, accustomed to tourism, provided fine accommodation and food. The city and its environs offered many fashionable diversions including
shopping and gambling, while tourist attractions included the Louvre, the Tuileries, the Duke of Orleans’ Palais Royal, numerous churches and luxury manufactories like the Gobelin tapestry and Sèvres porcelain works. An excursion to Versailles to view the French King participating in the public court rituals of dining, going to mass and hunting was also a highlight. Next, many travellers entered Italy, individual itineraries depending on point of arrival, the season or a desire to view a particular event such as a festival, or a papal coronation. In northern Italy favoured destinations were Genoa, Milan and, especially, Venice, known for its scenic splendours, pleasures and public spectacles.
The attractions of Paris, renowned for luxury manufactures, included a visit to the Sèvres porcelain factory to view goods like this porcelain vase with gilt-bronze mounts, 1755 © Wikimedia Commons
In Italy tourists were attracted to the picturesque cityscape and splendours of Venice, bringing home paintings like Canaletto’s The Molo from the Basin of San Marco c.1747-1750 © Wikimedia Commons
The glass Wardian case enabled the transportation of plant specimens from overseas and was also used for displaying ferns and other foliage plants in the home 16
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A funeral plan from Bungard Funeral Directors makes perfect sense. Dedicated caring service from Richard Whittle & Ben Day
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Above all, inspired by the prevailing European interest in antiquity, Georgian travellers considered Rome, with its wealth of classical and Baroque art, sculpture and architecture and flourishing artistic colony, the high point of the Grand Tour. Some spent several months in the Eternal City, enjoying elegant facilities and accessible educational and cultural pursuits, often taking antiquarian courses and buying artworks and antiquities. Many tours ended in Rome, but some tourists progressed to Naples, a desirable destination following the
This painting of tourists examining an old French church, late 1770s, by Hubert Robert, reflects travellers’ interest in the Roman Catholic faith and ancient religious buildings © Wikimedia Commons 18
This map of the area around Vesuvius was produced in 1770 by Sir William Hamilton, British envoy to Naples, whose hospitality to British tourists was renowned © Wikimedia Commons
establishment of its royal court in 1734 and initial excavations of classical remains at Herculaneum (1738) and Pompeii (1748). Also appealing was the renowned hospitality of Sir William Hamilton, British envoy to Naples, 1764-1800. Throughout their travels, well-connected visitors relied on British envoys and ambassadors to arrange entertainments, present them at court, handle miscellaneous requests and protect them from the law when they ran into problems. Wider travel After the mid-1700s,
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continental tourism expanded beyond the original elite Grand Tour. Increasingly middle-class travellers, more ladies, older tourists, even entire families ventured overseas, reflecting rising affluence, consumerism and general growth in travel and leisure activities at home. As more Britons toured Europe for pleasure, further areas developed. For those on tight budgets a sojourn in Paris and tour of the Low Countries was feasible: Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxemburg. The elderly and infirm began to visit Spa in the Ardennes or Aachen (Aix-la-Chapelle) for
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their health, and Montpellier for medical treatment. By the 1780s the French Riviera was becoming a fashionable winter resort, Switzerland also attracting more tourists and ex-pat residents. Spain, Berlin and Dresden also grew popular, travel through the Balkans increasing during the AustroTurkish peace (1739-87). Wars periodically disrupted journeys in particular regions, but passports smoothed passage through conflict zones. Some adventurous tourists visited Europe specifically to witness battles, even the onslaught of the French Revolution. Transport and health Surviving travel accounts demonstrate the hardships and risks experienced by early continental tourists. The crossing to France initially involved taking the packet boat or private sloop from Dover to Calais or Boulogne, later between other Channel ports. Many voyagers were violently seasick, adverse winds caused lengthy delays or detours and storms at sea could be terrifying. To disembark, passengers
From the mid-18th century, many more women visited Europe, like Lady Mary Fox, painted wearing a fashionable Brunswick travelling costume in 1767, by Pompeo Batoni © Wikimedia Commons
Some Britons studied continental military manoeuvres or followed the shifting political situation in France. This military review during the First French Empire, Paris 1810, was painted retrospectively by Hippolyte Bellangé © Wikimedia Commons
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The landing of Sir John Bull and his family at Boulogne, 1792, by James Gillray, satirises the ungainly disembarkation of British tourists in France after the Channel crossing usually transferred onto exposed rowing boats, a hazardous operation that sometimes caused injuries and invariably a soaking. Arriving in the dark, when drenched, shaken and exhausted, negotiating unfamiliar French customs procedures and struggling to secure the first night’s accommodation often meant a bleak start to the Grand Tour, putting today’s travel inconveniences into perspective. Most journeys within Europe were by road and tourists often hired or purchased carriages on arrival, using the effective posting system whereby horses were changed regularly along major routes. However, many roads were basic, especially in the early-1700s and notably in Germany. On narrow, precipitous mountain passes travellers had to leave their conveyances, continuing by horse or by mule. Adverse weather damaged rural roads, causing accidents and delays while carriage axletrees and wheels were repaired. Illness also took its toll: the flux, gripe, tapeworms and other intestinal problems resulted from bad water and poorlyprepared food; heavy colds, coughs and fevers were rife, as were severe bites and stings from bed bugs and diverse insects. Rome and Naples were avoided in summer, due to the heat and prevalence of malaria. Medical attention was inconsistent outside the major cities and many Britons died abroad. Cultural legacy Appreciation of the arts was a major motive for early travel - music, architecture and painting. 22
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For many Grand Tourists Rome was the culmination of a long journey. It was fashionable to commission there a portrait set against a ‘classical’ backdrop, like this elegant depiction of Francis Bassett, by Pompeo Batoni, Rome 1778 © Wikimedia Commons
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In Italy, Europe’s artistic hub, wealthy tourists purchased Old Master paintings and picturesque souvenirs of places visited, especially views of Venice by Canaletto. In Rome prosperous travellers commissioned souvenir portraits of themselves posing in contrived ‘classical’ surroundings featuring ancient ruins and antique statuary. These portraits and other artworks acquired by Grand Tourists form the nucleus of some of the British art collections that we enjoy today. Continental and British fashions varied slightly and especially in France, renowned for its luxury textile and clothing trades, travellers spent lavishly on gold- and silver-laced hats and suits, feathers, silk stockings, sleeve ruffles, gloves and fine embroidery. Attendance at European courts required richer, more formal dress than in Britain and Grand Tour portraits
An anonymous caricature, What, Is this my Son Tom? (1774) depicts an English farmer in town from the country, shocked at the sight of his son who has adopted extreme ‘macaroni’ fashions, inspired by continental modes. © Wikimedia Commons display young Englishmen in Rome arrayed in vibrant silk and velvet suits and sumptuous fur-trimmed coats and cloaks, after the Italian fashion. The influence of these ornate foreign modes emerged in England during the 1770s, when fanciful ‘macaroni’ suits and towering powdered wigs were popularly linked to the taste for extreme fashions and rather effeminate manners acquired by some young men in Italy.
A late-19th century painting by Emil Brack, English Planning The Grand Tour, depicts a well-heeled Regency couple studying a map of Italy, continuing the Grand Tour tradition © Wikimedia Commons
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Today’s whirlwind holidays to global destinations are a far cry from the leisurely continental journeys of privileged Georgian tourists, but their adventurous travels paved the way for later generations and more organised, commercial tourism. www.jayneshrimpton.co.uk
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We Salute You Magpies were originally just called ‘pies’ – meaning Black and White or pied. The mag prefix is a pet form of Margery or Margaret, which was a slang term for women and apparently refers to the magpies chattering song! Magpies have long been regarded with respect throughout the world and scientific research shows this is not without good reason. Magpies are part of the crow (corvid) family. Recent evidence shows their brain size in relation to body mass is equal to that of great apes and dolphins and only slightly lower than humans. But it is not only their brain size that is impressive. Their cognitive ability means that Eurasian magpies are not only considered the cleverest of all birds, they are regarded by some researchers to be the most intelligent of all non-human animals. In a food
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test involving 3D clues they outperformed dogs and cats.. Our European magpie is the only non-mammal recorded to date to pass the mirror self-recognition test. (A spot is placed on the throat of the bird. When presented with a mirror they do not peck the mirror but instead attempt to remove the spot!) Captive magpies have been observed counting to get food, imitating human voices and regularly using tools to clean their cage. Magpies live in social groups and this, coupled with the long growing period of the young, is believed to increase their intelligence. They post ‘sentinels’ when foraging for food – to watch for danger so the others can eat without worrying. Young magpies play games like ‘King of the Castle’ and ‘Follow the Leader’, pass things, balance sticks and slide down smooth slopes before
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climbing or flying back to the top and repeating it over and over again. They have also been observed seeming to hold funerals. When a magpie discovers a dead one it calls noisily to attract others. The large gathering that forms calls loudly for 10-15 minutes even laying grass ‘wreathes’ before flying silently away. Some magpies breed in their first year, others stay in nonbreeding flocks until their second year. Once a pair bond is formed it is strong and often lifelong. They build their nest together and the male feeds the female as she incubates their eggs for 21-22 days. After hatching the mother broods the naked, blind young for a further 5-10 days and then both parents care for the chicks. It is a tough job though, only 22% of fledglings are thought to survive their first year, many dying of starvation.
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The famous poem about magpies only indicates bad luck when sighting a single bird. Otherwise they are associated with prophesy. It is probably their strong mating bond that leads to the link with sorrow. It is still common throughout Britain to salute a single magpie, saying: ‘Good morning Mr Magpie. How is your lady wife today?’ – thus summoning up the missing partner and invoking the joy of two instead.
One for sorrow, Two for joy, Three for a girl, Four for a boy, Five for silver, Six for gold, Seven for a secret, Never to be told. Eight for a kiss, Nine for a wish, Ten for a bird, You must not miss.
Tea Times When Alice attended the fabled hatter’s tea party in 1865, such events were extremely fashionable. The way was paved by the establishment of tea plantations outside China under European control, leading to a dramatic increase of availability. But the concept of tea parties is thought to have begun in the 1840s and is usually attributed to Anna Maria Russell, Duchess of Bedford and close friend of Queen Victoria. At that period, it was customary in Britain to eat twice a day: an enormous early breakfast and dinner at 8pm. The newly invented luncheon in between was a slight repast. Reportedly, the Duchess complained of a ‘sinkful feeling’ during the long wait for dinner and began to take tea and some light treats at about 4pm in her private rooms. She began to invite friends to join her including The Queen – who brought an important cache to the events. Other hostesses imitated the new party style, creating opulent but intimate events replete with fine china, dainties and lots of gossip. The new habit encouraged a great flowering of ceramic manufacture, such as Spode and 28
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Two young girls play "tea party" with their dolls, 1890s Wedgwood. Tea Gardens became extremely popular & fashionable too – providing an important opportunity for men and women to meet freely. The middle classes eagerly followed suit, tea parties being an affordable way to host a gathering. In time of course, the tradition spread across the whole of society. Today we tend to think of these tea parties as rather gentile affairs, so it is startling to learn that in the Victorian era it was considered quite normal to pour the hot tea from the cup to cool in the saucer. So, blimey, not as posh as what we are!
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Midsummer - good time for a picnic? According to Wikipedia, the actual usage of the word began as "pique un niche" meaning to "pick a place," an isolated spot (a nest) where family or friends could enjoy a meal together away from the distractions, demands, and public nature of a communal life. The term morphed into "pique-nique". Maybe the most famous of all is:
Teddy Bear's Picnic
If you go down in the woods today You're sure of a big surprise If you go down in the woods today You'd better go in disguise! For every bear that ever there was Will gather there for certain Because today's the day the Teddy Bears have their picnic Picnic time for Teddy Bears The little Teddy Bears are having A lovely time today Watch them, catch them unawares And see them picnic on their holiday See them gaily gad about They love to play and shout They never have any cares At six o'clock their Mommies and Daddies Will take them home to bed Because they're tired little Teddy Bears Every Teddy Bear who's been good
Is sure of a treat today There's lots of marvelous things to eat And wonderful games to play Beneath the trees where nobody sees They'll hide and seek as long as they please 'Cause that's the way the Teddy Bears have their picnic Picnic time for Teddy Bears The little Teddy Bears are having A lovely time today Watch them, catch them unawares And see them picnic on their holiday See them gaily gad about They love to play and shout They never have any cares At six o'clock their Mommies and Daddies Will take them home to bed Because they're tired little Teddy Bears Because they're tired little Teddy Bears
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The Joys of June and Especially Taking Pride in our Beautiful Clean Spaces By Dr Sima Patel
“One has a responsibility to clean up one’s space and make it liveable as far as one’s own resources go. That includes not only material resources, but psychological resources: the commitment of time and a portion of your mind to something when you’d rather be doing something else.” Wole Soyinka June is a joyful month for lots of local residents as well as tourists. The beaches are often crowded with people enjoying delicious BBQs and picnics and savouring the long awaited heat of the sun. People arrive to the beauty of the sea and a lovely clean beach to sit on. So why is it that once the crowds have left the beach, the clean and tidy beach disappears too as litter is left strewn across miles of pebbles and along the promenade, taking away the joy of June and our pride in our beautiful naturefilled environment. Much research has taken place into the psychology of littering and here are the main theories.
• “Litter begets litter and no litter begets no litter”. Social psychologists
have found that people are more prone to litter if they see litter around them. Litterfree areas remain litter free whilst littered places see more litter.
• Some people who go to the beach see it as a venue, such as going to the
cinema where they feel able to leave behind their popcorn packets and drinks cans. Rather than seeing the beach as a place of altruistic value and having a sense of personal ownership or responsibility over it, people feel that they can leave their rubbish there.
• Some people feel that it is “somebody else’s job to clean up after 30
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them.” “The cleaners will be there in the morning”. Of course, they are and they do a brilliant job as do the volunteer cleaners.
• Sometimes littering is seen as a way of being anti-authority. Social psychologists have documented this phenomenon - a kind of “litter as graffiti” behaviour. Some littering is an aggressive thumbing of the nose at authority or society. So how can we Encourage Ourselves and Others to relish in the joys of June by Creating an Environment that we can be Proud of and Take Pride in? Research has shown that campaigns that reduce littering tend to be intense, expensive and well-designed and therefore unlikely to be put into place. In effect, littering is really just another way of throwing money away. Expensive clean up jobs just encourage littering instead of encouraging individuals to take responsibility. There are, however, some incredibly effective strategies to reduce littering which do not rely on monetary resources. Here is what the research shows:
• Studies have shown the copycat method to be very effective. If offenders see someone else pick up and dispose of litter then they are likely to do the same. If they see someone drop their litter and leave it behind, they do the same thing.
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The Joys of June and Especially Taking Pride in our Beautiful Clean Spaces Continued
• Studies in car parks show that if
people see a litter free environment before getting into their cars, they will not litter in that area. However, if they see litter in the car park, they will drop their litter there too. So lots of studies show that cues in the environment determine people’s littering behaviours. If you see an environment that is highly littered, you litter. If there is no litter, you are significantly less likely to litter.
• Interestingly, if there is just one piece of litter in an otherwise litter-free
environment, people are even less likely to throw their rubbish on the ground. This is because it reminds people that most people are not littering here and it calls attention to the fact that the majority of people do not litter.
• If we see someone reacting disapprovingly to littering, we are also
less likely to litter. So a disapproving look can have an impact as well. In one study, if someone saw a person picking up litter with a disapproving look, they did not litter. One library car park noticed that there was 33 percent more litter if no one was seen picking up litter with a disapproving look. So people tend to change their behaviour and adapt to this when they see what is being done around them.
Sometimes it seems that arguing for environmental reasons can be futile but changing our own behaviour really impacts on the behaviour of others. It is really about simple psychology: people are likely to do what they think is expected of them. It’s about norms and expectations and if we can change these, we can relish in the joys of June and
take great pride in our beautiful city that is filled with nature. So the best thing to do for those of us whose hearts crack when we see rubbish defiling places that mean so much to us, is to pick up some of it. It makes more of a difference than we think, even in the centre of Brighton where people feel it is acceptable to dispose of litter in other people’s front gardens. For those of who are able to, why not consider ‘Plogging’ (a mixture of jogging and the Swedish word of plocka upp – to pick up), a Swedish fitness trend which encourages runners to pick up litter, thereby keeping fit and helping the environment. Perhaps our signs need to change as well. Instead of saying ‘no littering’, they could say ‘if one person litters, it destroys the beauty of our beaches, parks, gardens, streets and so on.’ So go on, this month relish in the joy of June by behaving in a way that makes each of us and those around us keep our beautiful city and beaches clean, so that we can be proud of our environment and take pride in it. So go ahead and play that prank throughout the month of April (you know you want to). Dr Sima Patel Chartered Psychologist and Coach
15 New Road | Brighton | East Sussex | BN1 1UF Telephone: 01273 803 013 thewellbeingpractice.co.uk
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Swifts WILDLIFE REFLECTIONS By Alexi Francis. Alexi also drew the illustration. If you would like to buy the original or see other work, go to her website:www.alexifrancisillustrations.co.uk
Cloud cover: 80%. Temperature: 10-20 degrees C. Rain: none. Wind: Still. Music issues from an upstairs window. The scent of honeysuckle wafts from the garden of number 29.... I’m doing a swift survey for the RSPB on a balmy evening in early summer. They’re back, screeching in small parties over the rooftops against a salmon pink sky, scything the air as though sewing up the seams of evening. As I walk the streets I note the swift behaviour I happen to see. A couple fly low over number 34 as though investigating the eaves for a possible nest site. Swifts like crevices beneath gables and in the roofs of buildings, like those of the Edwardian houses along my road. They like spaces that are safe and sheltered, where they can build a nest from materials collected on the wing – feathers, moss, paper, grass – mixed with their saliva. In the UK the number of breeding swifts is in decline and a shortage of nest sites may be partly responsible. Modern buildings with their well-sealed walls give swifts little access.
in Africa and the first to leave in late summer. They are usually monogamous and return to the nest sites of previous years, typically laying two or three eggs. When the young fledge they’ll remain airborne for up to three years before touching down close to where they started life, ready to nest and breed themselves.
Swifts are summer migrants, often the last birds to arrive from their wintering grounds
Blackbirds serenade me from television aerials and chimney pots, shifting each other on
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from roof to roof. A black cat unfurls itself and saunters down its path to greet me. The streets are still, almost free of moving cars at this hour. It would be lovely to discover swifts nesting nearby. I’ll keep looking out for them. If you’d like to know more about what the RSPB is doing and find out how you can help go to www.rspb.org.uk/ helpswifts
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DIY Cottage Cheese *There is a lot of goodness in the whey…. You could sieve over a bowl to save it for use in bread making, boil rice/potatoes, baking, smoothies etc
Then what?
Cottage Cheese is very good for us. Even though it is low in calories, it is a good source of protein, vitamins A and D as well as being rich in B-complex vitamins (vitamin B12, riboflavin, pantothenic acid, thiamin, niacin, and folate). Trace elements include calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorous, potassium, sodium, selenium, and zinc. It is also easy and quick to make! • 2 pints semi-skimmed or full fat milk. (Fat content affects the flavour & curd size. More is more)
You can freeze it if you want… You can make it richer by stirring in a tablespoon of doublecream. It is also good for cooking e.g. use in place of ricotta in lasagne or macaroni. You can eat it as it is. Some people like to zizz it up & add variety. Savoury ideas include: chopped chives/spring onion; herbs; black pepper; chopped tomatoes with olives & balsamic; hot sauce & pepper. Sweet ideas include: strawberries; peaches; honey; pineapple; raspberries; mandarin oranges; cinnamon & apple; walnuts; almonds. Richard Nixon apparently adored it mixed with tomato ketchup. .. ..whatever takes your fancy I guess.
CODEBREAKER
• 2 tablespoons (30 ml/2 tablespoons) lemon juice or white vinegar • Pinch of salt
Method: • Pour the milk into a stainless steel/enamelled saucepan - not aluminium. • Heat on the hob until it is very hot but do not boil, stirring occasionally with a wooden spoon. • Allow to cool for a couple of minutes. • Add 2 tablespoons (30 ml) of lemon juice or white vinegar. • Stir and watch the hot milk separate into curds and whey. • After it has cooled further pour through a fine metal sieve*. Transfer the curds into a small bowl and add a pinch of salt.
There are no clues to this crossword. Numbers have replaced the letters of the alphabet. Three letters have been given to you to start you off. The small grid is provided to help you remember which letter is associated with which number as you proceed.
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THE BRAIN PIT Mind Mining puzzles supplied by Bud Tangerina
CROSSWORD By Viveca Bhatkal
Down 1 Set out for country to the north to look for
the bird (6) 2 New but determined to be included (5) 3 Yes, in Spain an exotic bird augurs uniformly cool breeze (7) 5 Sadly Madrid has no way to get English papers and TV channels (5) 6 Helpful folk fold up a sari (2,5) 7 Like those without energy due to a
disorder (6) 8 Operation following a winter that's been foul? (6-5) 14 Unemotional? But I lambaste aloud! (3-4) © 2018 Bertical
15 Footwear Don's kin fancied? (7) 16 Companies taking on doctors for all out
there (6) 17 Wanting more than what's good for the
thin (6)
Across
19 Name one another Eastern art form (5)
1 Longing to enlist right in this first term (6) 4 Embodiment of mischief in the manner of an animal (6) 9 Pa turns tosses to ease off (7) 10 Base of French vessel (5)
21 Say slogan of anti-noise activist brings
dog (5)
JUNE SUDOKU
11 A final letter with the middle missing’s about
ancient culture (5) 12 Poetry school established by seers in theory (7) 13 Unsettle, as a rising does, sadly (11) 18 Generally those above fifty hide a bit of lard (7) 20 Run inside in a direction that aims at zero level (5) 22 Nice husband conceals love for Haka Dancer (5) 23 Oblique request for a topless jig (7) 24 It’s said when one leaves to study and grieve (6) 25 The absurdity of tyrant’s love for pillaged country (6)
Answers to the Puzzles at www.7directory.co.uk 34
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advertorial
Cloudy2Clear Announce Trusted Trader Partnership Consumer champions Which? have now joined the thousands of customers who recognise that Cloudy2Clear Windows really are a business that you can TRUST. The company which specialises in repairing windows which are steamed up, broken or damaged by replacing the panes – not the frames has received the coveted ‘Which Trusted Trader’ status after going through a rigorous accreditation process entirely focussed on customer service. Group Managing Director Marcus McGee believes that Which? have endorsed Cloudy2Clear’s long
standing company policy of delivering the highest standards possible at all times. ‘Our service is simple. If your double glazing has misted up we can replace the glass at a fraction of the cost of a new window, in any type of frame, and with a new 25 year guarantee. But it’s not just about saving people money, although that obviously helps. Whilst a number of tradespeople perhaps don’t focus on customer care as much as they should do, we make sure we turn up when we say we will, do the job the customer requires and leave their house as clean as a whistle. Locally Cloudy2Clear service the Brighton & Hove areas and
manager Aaron Smith agrees that this approach is a major factor in his success. ‘The truth is that it’s not just the personal satisfaction that I get from doing a good job but also it makes good business sense. I get a huge amount of business from friends and family of people I’ve done work for, which just goes to show how much a little bit of effort is appreciated as both my customers and, obviously a body as nationally important as Which? now recognise.’ So, if your windows are steamed up, broken or damaged give Aaron a call for a free quotation on 0800 61 21 118 and he’ll be happy to help!
Cloudy2Clear GUARANTEE All Customers That An Average Quote Will Take No Longer Than 20 MINS!!!
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ADVERTISING. Loads of Options Prices vary....
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11,000 homes!
CONFUSED?? No need to be... How to find out WHAT YOU GET FOR YOUR MONEY Brighton is bubbling with magazines isn’t it? New ones seem to pop up all the time. Getting to grips with the best way to use your budget can be confusing. BUT there are some key questions you should ask that will help you compare them and reach a decision: Advertising is primarily a numbers game. Find out how many copies they PRINT, not how many readers are claimed. Establish what happens to the copies - how many stay in the city?? Are they delivered direct to homes? How MANY copies are delivered direct? Work out the cost per THOUSAND copies. Some advertising might sound cheap but you may not get much for your money.... Do they do a discount for a block booking? (Ads work by being seen multiple times) Here are the answers for us at least, you could use them as a benchmark?!!
PRESTON PAGES, 7 DIRECTORY AND THE POST: Over 32,000 magazines printed a month across the three titles, you can choose your area or go in all three. More than 30,000 copies delivered direct to homes. Price per thousand printed and delivered: Full page: £19.6 per 1000; Half £9; Quarter £6; Eighth £4 All prices for 3 x month booking If you would like to advertise with us or more information please get in touch, we’d love to hear from you!
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