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Every Picture…… Brighton and Hove got a new Coat of Arms in April 1997 to mark our amalgamation and new status as a city. The new emblem is a blend of the old arms of the formerly separate Brighton and Hove Councils. The two dolphins, inherited from the Brighton arms, have an uncertain pedigree now. It is possible that they were originally adopted to incorporate the insignia of two of the leading families in the town: the Scarse family who were associated with the Manor of Brighton; and the Lashmar family, one of whose
member was High Constable in 1799. They certainly illustrate our close association with the sea. The ship atop is from the Hove arms and represents a 16th century French galley. It commemorates the French attack on the town, then village, in 1514. The six martlets (an heraldic representation of House Martins/ Swallows) represent Sussex: one for each of the ‘rapes’ – the ancient administrative areas of the county. It is likely these were a visual rhyming reference
to the all-powerful Earls of Arundel, the leading family for many centuries. (The French word for swallow is hirondelle) The Latin motto INTER UNDAS ET COLLES FLOREMUS means “Between Downs and Sea We Flourish”.
The beautifully simple game of French Cricket Do kids/people still play French Cricket? It’s a great game for starting down the park with just two or three people, only minimal equipment needed and can grow and grow as people roll up and show an interest. Nothing whatsoever like actual cricket, it does however still need a cricket bat (..can be weeny bat for weeny people..) plus a tennis ball – and that’s it! Somebody starts off as the batsman and plants themself with the bat in front of their legs. The fielders position themselves around them… no set places but obviously further away than the bat could reach! Whichever fielder has the ball will try to hit the 2
batsman’s feet/legs below the knee. Success means a turn at batting. If the ball rolls past un-hit someone else will pick it up and get their try… but the batsman has to stay put, feet in the same position. If the batsman hits the ball high and it is caught, they are out. The catcher then becomes the batsman. Every time the batsman manages to hit the ball but not caught-out they are allowed to alter their feet
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position to face who they think the new bowler may be. That’s just about it. Simple fun. There is a variation whereby the batsman can score ‘runs’ by passing the bat around their body… this gives you a way of figuring out a winner – not a version I have tried but I can see one’s legs would be unprotected if you were too slow, so it may be a good addition.
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August and the grass is as high as an elephants eye!
INSIDE THIS MONTH...
A long hot summer like this is such a rarity, it is becoming hard to imagine it ever ending! The holiday month of August stretches ahead. The fun of Pride and the BN1 festival will kick it off, to be followed the next weekend by the fabulous Firle Vintage Fair on the 11th and 12th. It is a fantastic affair, full of vintage delights in a beautiful setting. Of course, the month will end with the Bank Holiday weekend, a precious chance to catch up with friends and family.
SAUSAGE PICNIC PIE
gust Fun Filled Au at ng hi - Laug that r fo es lv se Our g in el Holiday Fe
In the Shade: A History of Parasols
From Time to Time n Summer
Queen of The Meadow
French Cricket
Butterfly & the Elm
Cooling iced tea
Our Coat of Arms
Hope you have a marvellous time whatever your plans. Many thanks to Firle Vintage Fair for letting us share one of their photos of last year’s event on our cover.
CODEBREAKER
There are no clues to this crossword. Numbers have replaced the letters of the alphabet. Three letters have been given to you to start you off. The small grid is provided to help you remember which letter is associated with which number as you proceed.
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Duncan has been exploring the 7 Directory and if you look carefully you will find him in three different places. Last month he was on pages 8, 18 & 28
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SAUSAGE PICNIC PIE SERVES 6-8
Seasonal Recipe by Valerie Hedgethorne
Valerie Hedgethorne taught cookery & cake decorating for many years in Brighton before becoming a Home Economist and writing for the national magazine CAKE for 20 years. Valerie is a past president of the British Sugarcraft Guild & is a member of the local Guild Branch, which meets monthly in Rottingdean for demonstrations of all types of cake decorating. Anyone with an interest in cake decorating is welcome – for more information phone Valerie on 01273 505223.
This tasty pie is good either for a buffet or for an outdoor lunch or picnic.
You will need a 20cm/8” spring form tin or a deep cake tin with a loose base.
It can be served hot but it is best served cold on the day it is made.
I used a spring form tin from Lakeland.
FULL RECIPE OVER THE PAGE 4
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SAUSAGE PICNIC PIE CONTINUED INGREDIENTS:
METHOD:
• 1 ½ lb (675g) sausage meat
Filling: chop the onion and apple finely.
• 1 large apple
Grease the tin. Heat the oven to Gas 6/400C.
• 1 medium onion
If using a block of pastry roll out 2/3 to line the tin, taking care not to form creases.
• 1 teaspoon chopped thyme leaves or ½ teaspoon dried • 6 thick slices cooked ham – depending on size • ½ teaspoon mustard • 1 lb (500g) block of puff pastry or 350g ready rolled • 1 egg
Mix the sausage meat, the apple, onion and thyme. Cover the pastry base with slices of ham, cutting them to shape and spreading on a little mustard. Cover with half the sausage mixture then repeat with ham slices and mustard. Spread the remaining sausage meat evenly on top.
Roll out the remaining pastry to a circle to form a lid. Brush the top side edges with beaten egg and press the lid neatly on to them. Brush with egg and make a hole in the centre. Place on a baking tray and bake for 10 minutes then lower the heat to Gas 5/190C for a further 30-40 minutes. If using a spring form tin, remove the sides 10-15 minutes before the end of the baking time and brush the pastry sides with egg, returning the pie to the oven. Cool on a cooling rack and leave until cold before slicing.
Don’t forget you can see this and many of my other recipes on the magazine website
Mirrors – Strong cold tea is a good mirror cleaner. Apply with a soft cloth and buff dry with scrunched up newspaper.
Crumpled holiday clothes – Hang in the bathroom while you have a shower or bath to let the creases ‘relax’.
Bloodstains – Soak the clothing in cold salty water then rinse in unsalted water before washing as usual.
Re-direct ants – To keep ants away from your picnic food, put a piece of white paper on the ground. The ants will make a bee line for that instead. 6
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In the Shade: A History of Parasols By Jayne Shrimpton
This section from a panorama of the durbar procession of Akbar II, India 1835, displays the ceremonial parasols that featured prominently in Asiatic cultures [Wikimedia Commons] Parasols closely resemble umbrellas - and for good reason. The word ‘umbrella’ derives from Latin umbra (‘shade’) and initially the shadegiving device was used as essential protection from the sun. Ancient sculptures dating from around the 11th century BC reveal sunshades being used over 3,000 years ago in Egypt, India and the Middle East, and later they were adopted by the Ancient Greeks and Romans. Initially inspired by the shady canopies of trees, the first portable sunshades used in hot climates were literally large fleshy leaves, such as banana leaves, or even a converted tree branch. The word ‘parasol’, from Latin papare (to prepare) and sol (sun), also signified a sunshade, but there was a significant difference between a personal umbrella held by the user and the larger parasol held over a person of distinction, by a servant. Indeed, 8
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This detail of a glazed terracotta tile from Nimrud, Iraq, illustrates the Assyrian king below a vast parasol borne by attendants, c.875-850 BC [Wikimedia Commons] from early on sunshades were associated with social rank, vast parasols becoming potent symbols of status and power throughout
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Friday 3rd August Pre-Pride Night with Miss Jason & DJ Free entry, all proceeds to Sussex Beacon. From 7pm to midnight.
Swing Jazz, Third Friday of the month.
Need a Venue?
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Swing Djs. 7pm - Beginners; 8pm onwards - Social Dancing. £6 for class and dancing, £4 entry after 8pm Thursday Afternoon Retirees Meeting from 1pm.Make new friends, Bingo, Quizzes, Parties, Dinners & Day Trips
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Asia and Africa, where fair skin signified high birth. Ceremonial parasols carried by attendants in public processions helped to preserve the pale complexions of the elite, thereby reinforcing their entitlement to rule. For this reason, the use of such emblems could be subject to the law, for example in Assyria, where only the king
himself could use a parasol. So important was the stately parasol that in some societies its form became highly significant. In particular, a large number of tiers implied great wealth and prestige, the Emperor King of Siam (Thailand)’s parasol boasting seven or nine tasselled and fringed tiers. Playing a key role as
Walking Dress for August 1814 from Ackermann’s Repository of Arts demonstrates the Regency vogue for picturesque parasols with Chinesestyle shades [Jayne Shrimpton]
A plate from Heideloff’s Gallery of Fashion for August 1794 shows ladies driving in a carriage shaded by a cool green parasol typical of the late Georgian era [Jayne Shrimpton] 10
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a traditional accoutrement in the ceremonial regalia of many Asiatic and African rulers, the parasol is also considered deeply symbolic in certain religions: for instance, the chatra (from the Sanskrit word for ‘umbrella’) is an auspicious emblem in Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism, being associated with various deities. In the west, a ceremonial umbraculum with a striped canopy has been used by the Pope since the 15th century, embodying the Roman
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THE CRESCENT Pride street party Saturday 4th August opens at 11am.
Euphoria steel band,Hog roast, local bands, Seamus Haji and Codesouth djs Mark Myers and Anna C. Outside bar, join us and celebrate the City’s biggest weekend! The sun is still shining and our garden is open. We serve food everyday with a delicious choice of salads, lite bites and classics General knowledge quiz every Tuesday 9pm 2 for 1 burgers every Wednesday 6-9pm Prosecco £15 a bottle every Friday Sunday roasts 12-6pm
We look forward to seeing you very soon
Visit our website for more details www.thecrescentpub.co.uk
6 Clifton Hill • Brighton • BN1 3HL • 01273 205260 Facebook: Crescent Brighton • Twitter: @crescentBN1 “The only way to enjoy anything in this life is to earn it first.” - Ginger Rogers Funeral Director of the Year 2014
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Catholic Church and the Pope’s authority. By around the 1600s, personal sunshades were becoming customary in Mediterranean Europe, chiefly among women, and it is believed that Catherine of Braganza in Portugal popularised handheld parasols among English ladies following her marriage to King Charles II in 1662. From the late-1700s onwards, a more pronounced distinction was drawn between functional umbrellas used for protection in the rain and picturesque parasols or sunshades carried to guard against the sun’s glare and heat. Whilst the harmful consequences of over-exposure to the sun’s rays were not yet fully understood, the visible effects of sunburnt or freckled skin - directly associated with the
Mid-Victorian parasols were made from various materials, often ornately trimmed and might be fashioned in bold colours to match an outfit, as seen in this fashion plate from 1869 [Jayne Shrimpton] working classes who laboured outdoors - were generally avoided at all costs in polite society. Genteel ladies went to great lengths to preserve the pale, feminine complexion expected of their rank and sex, and as more outdoor leisure pursuits developed, parasols became both a necessity and a major fashion accessory throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Dainty summer parasols were highly fashionable in the early-Victorian era, as seen in this plate from Modes de Paris, 1837 [Jayne Shrimpton] 12
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During the late-Georgian and Regency periods, fabric parasols tended to be rather utilitarian and plain, typically formed of long wooden sticks, perhaps with an ivory handle, and featuring green or brown silk twill covers, although small summer parasols might match the shade of a gown or pelisse coat. Parasols occur frequently in Jane Austen’s novels and letters: for instance, in Sanditon, her unfinished novel of 1817, Mrs Parker was concerned about the children playing outdoors in the sun and declared that she would ‘…get Mary a little Parasol, which will make her as proud as can be…she will…fancy herself quite a little Woman.’
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Several ladies carry summery white and pastel-coloured lace-edged parasols in this plate from the Illustrated London News, September 1887 By the early Victorian era, a period of demure, dainty fashions, parasols were typically small, lightweight and the focus of elegant display. Extant parasols in museum collections reveal that sticks and handles ranged from turned wood to elaborately carved ivory and coral. Some diminutive ‘carriage’ parasols were made with folding sticks; covers were colourful and fashioned from myriad materials, including woven, printed and hand-painted silks, embroidery and lace, beadwork and various novelties such as raffia and even feathers. During the 1860s and 1870s, following wider fashion trends, parasols grew larger and bulkier, perhaps bright-coloured and showy to match a favourite purple, emerald or chestnut gown, some ornately trimmed and fringed. Throughout the 1880s and 1890s, they became generally long and slender, often appearing exuberant with ruched chiffon, lace flounces, and ribbon, while white, frothy parasols were especially popular for summer occasions. Conversely, the late-Victorian vogue for Oriental style also favoured picturesque Japanese- or Chinese-effect parasols fashioned with slender wooden or bamboo sticks covered in painted paper or silk. 14
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Parasols remained essential in the early 20th century and this lady carries a large striped parasol while walking in her garden, 1900/1901 [Private Collection]
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Parasols remained both fashionable and functional in the early 20th century. A large parasol or sunshade could be installed in the garden to shade lounging chairs or a tea table, while ladies carried parasols to match a favourite outfit: indeed a formal summer costume was not complete without a co-ordinating parasol. Oriental-inspired parasols with wooden, ivory or lacquer handles and flat, circular paper or silk shades, remained popular during the 1910s and 1920s, following the prevailing art deco aesthetic for picturesque styles drawn from many cultures. Other parasols from the mid-1920s were more robust, featuring sturdy sticks with quirky handles and domeshaped fabric covers in vivid colours, accentuated by bold geometric trims. Only from the later 1920s onwards, following the lead of socialites who frequented the glamorous beaches of California and the French Riviera, did it become fashionable to acquire a suntan. Within just a few years, as more ordinary British people enjoyed a summer holiday and beachwear grew more streamlined, golden flesh was no longer the dreaded emblem of outdoor manual labour, but expressed fitness, health and leisure time. With a few exceptions, parasols disappeared from fashion and the pale, languid lady sheltering in the shade emerged from the shadows walking, swimming, playing sports, embracing the sun and the great outdoors. www.jayneshrimpton.co.uk 16
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This Vogue cover from March 1924 displays various umbrellas and parasols: soon parasols would become outmoded, reecting the new fashion for gaining a suntan
Two women take tea in the garden shaded by an oriental parasol: family snapshot, 1917 [Fiona Adams] • info@7directory.co.uk • www.7directory.co.uk
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Fun Filled August - Laughing at Ourselves for that Holiday Feeling By Dr Sima Patel
‘Never be afraid to laugh at yourself, after all, you could be missing out on the joke of the century’. Barry Humphries August is usually a month when many people get to have holiday fun and so what better time than now to remind ourselves of how laughter can make a difference to our wellbeing. Most of us know from experience that having a sense of humour about things can make life a little easier for everyone.
• Accept that you are just as prone to
And there’s science to back that up: being able to laugh at yourself may be a sign of an optimistic personality and a sense of humour, according to a small 2011 study, and it might even improve your mood. Humour has also been identified as a possible factor in the development of personal resilience.
realise that it’s just a mistake and that your best option is to laugh it off.
It is so easy to become frustrated, embarrassed, upset and so on when we make mistakes which lead us to feel even worse about ourselves. How can we start to turn this around by laughing at ourselves? Here are some strategies that you may want to use over the month of August to remember this as a time of blissful holiday laughter.
• Think about a time in the last few
months when you said or did something embarrassing.
• Think of yourself as an observer. Step outside of yourself for a moment and imagine how silly it might have looked or sounded to an outside observer.
• If you’ve ever laughed at someone else for making a similar mistake, you should be able to see the humour in your own mistake.
• Remind yourself that it is okay to make mistakes. Everyone does from time to time.
18
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mistakes as everyone else. It is what makes you human, and there’s nothing wrong with that.
• If you are able to correct your mistake, then try to do so. If not, try to
• Consider the alternative to laughter. What good will getting angry or upset really do?
• Encourage yourself to be more lighthearted about life: Life can be very serious at times, and that seriousness may even be devastating emotionally and physically. There is and will always be suffering in everyone’s life. While suffering is awful, it is important to remember that there are many good times, too, which hopefully outweigh the bad times. The next time life throws a suffering curve at you, try the following strategies:
• Tell the suffering that you acknowledge it but it will not take over your life completely because you are going to embrace all the good things in your life too.
• Think about how you have made others laugh in the past.
• Then think about some of the crazy, fun, adventurous, funny moments of your own behaviours until you find at least one that gives you belly aching laughter.
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Fun Filled August - Laughing at Ourselves for that Holiday Feeling Continued
• Laugh at yourself to avoid being laughed at. It is normal and natural to feel embarrassed when we make a mistake or do something foolish in front of others. That embarrassment can be painful, but it cannot undo the fact that other people witnessed the mistake. In situations like this, laughing at our own mistakes can actually take away the power of others to laugh at us. It puts us in control of the situation rather than others. So why not try the following when this happens to you:
• When you next make a mistake, immediately joke about it. Other people can then laugh at your joke rather than your mistake. For example, if you are prone to tripping over a lot or dropping things or walking into that extra bit of pavement that seems to come from nowhere, try saying something like “Wow, I haven’t even had anything to drink”.
• Your joke does not have to be all that
and starts seeing it as more of a challenge to be overcome. So if you have something stressful going on, why not try the following:
• Instead of letting yourself feel overwhelmed by everything going on in your life, try seeing the situation as something that can be joked about.
• Try imagining your stressful situation as the plot to a comedy show that you are writing. You have been given the basic materials of the situation, and now it is your job to find something funny in all of it.
As you begin to see the humour in your situation, you should be able to break out of the mindset that your situation is as awful as anticipated. Instead, you may be able to realize that you can manage this stress and get through the situation, even if it takes some work. Dr Sima Patel Chartered Psychologist and Coach
clever, as long as you deliver it quickly and with a mild tone of self-deprecation.
• Find ways of using humour to cope with stress. Studies suggest that using humour during a stressful situation can help reframe people’s mindset regarding that situation. When people laugh, their mind stops seeing the stressor as a threat
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“If you can laugh at yourself, you are going to be fine. If you allow others to laugh with you, you will be great.” - Martin Niemoller
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A funeral plan from Bungard Funeral Directors makes perfect sense. Dedicated caring service from Richard Whittle & Ben Day
Our Funeral Plan for your peace of mind Not every funeral plan provider is independent. Make sure that you plan your funeral with an Independent Funeral Director. • Guaranteed peace of mind • • Create a plan to suit you • • Best value and service • • Independent Golden Charter trust fund guarantees financial security • • Guaranteed no more to pay for our services - no matter how high prices rise •
To discuss your funeral plans please call Richard or Ben on 01273 820018
Richard Whittle is the great, great grandson of the founder and Managing Director of Bungard Funeral Directors. Richard and his wife have recently had a son whom he hopes will one day join the family business.
Ben Day is the Principal Funeral Director of Bungard Funeral Directors. Ben lives in Hove with his wife and two children. Ben and his wife Leila are keen to support the local community and be as involved as much as possible.
90 Sackville Road, Hove, East Sussex BN3 3HE 01273 820018 (24 hour number) info@bungards.co.uk @BungardandSons
The UK’s largest independent funeral plan provider
Brighton &Thinking Hove’s oldest independent family• funeral directors about Advertising? call: 01273 299219 Please mention 7 Directory www.bungards.co.uk when responding to adverts | 21
The 1514 Attack Recorded on the City’s Coat of Arms
Representation of the sacking of Brighthelmston, reproduced by the kind permission of Royal Pavilion & Museums, Brighton & Hove The post-medieval inhabitants of Brighton had to endure a series of raids by the French for many years. But one night in June 1514, the village of Brighthelmstone suffered the most devasting attack in its history. Almost every building was burnt to the ground. The attack was led by a feared foe of the English, a French naval commander known by various forms of ‘Prior John’. An account of the raid was published in Holinshed’s Chronicles, a popular Tudor history book that was used as a reference by Shakespeare and others. According to Holinshed, Prior John and his men succeeded in burning and looting most of the village before reinforcements arrived. Eventually, archers from Lewes and across the county - alerted by a warning beacon lit on East Cliff - came to their rescue, managing to drive the raiders off with a hail of arrows. (One arrow struck Prior John in his eye… which he miraculously survived). Almost the only building to survive 22
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was St Nicholas church, thought to be due to its position on top of the hill. These were tough times, and a retaliatory raid on Normandy was organised by Sir John Wallop, resulting in the burning of twenty-one towns and villages. Although the town was almost completely destroyed, it was rebuilt along the lines of the original streets, and the layout of the Lanes still reflects the shape of the town prior to the invasion. This can be seen from one surprising legacy of the attack: the very first map of Brighton. The map was a coloured drawing by Henry VIII’s cartographer. It is fascinating, depicting the ships of the invading French, with annotations describing the course of the attack and the arrival of the Lewes men who came to help defend the town. The map was probably produced later in 1545, perhaps for use as a military planning aid to withstand any repetition as war broke out with France.
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Discover Sussex by walking with
Brighton HF Rambling Club (est. 1906) New Members Welcome
The club arranges walks on Wednesdays & Sundays throughout the year Average distance 8 to 10 miles The cost of yearly membership is only ÂŁ4.00 For more details please contact Tim Ranger on 01903 877939 Or visit our website www.brightonhframblingclub.co.uk “One of the delights known to age, and beyond the grasp of youth, is that of Not Going.â€? - Anthony Burgess
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Queen of The Meadow By Lucinda Warner Meadowsweet, Filipendula ulmaria, is one of the most distinctive plants of high summer, growing in frothy swathes by the sides of rivers and canals or spilling forth from damp ditches and roadsides. The name meadowsweet is said to come, not from the fact that it grows in meadows as one would expect, but from its early use to flavour mead, evolving from the Middle English Medewurte, which appears in Chaucer’s The Knight’s Tale. Meadowsweet is rich in folklore and also has a long tradition of medicinal use. This is a herb that has had its place through all the ages of European history. Evidence of meadowsweet has been found in several Bronze Age burial sites suggesting the value placed on it even many centuries BCE. The Druids are said to have considered it one of their most sacred herbs for use in ritual and medicine and it was a favourite of medieval herbalists too, being regularly used by folk healers and monastic communities alike. It was prized at this time as a strewing herb, one that was used to cover floors in medieval homes and churches to disguise unpleasant smells, reduce fleas and lice and help counter infections. In Irish mythology, Cú Chulainn, the warlike hero of the Ulster Cycle, is said to have used meadowsweet baths to calm his frenzied rages and fevers and in Wales, the beauteous but ultimately adulterous Blodeuwedd, was made by two magicians from the flowers of oak, broom and meadowsweet. In modern times it is perhaps most famous for its role in the development of aspirin, a drug named for meadowsweet’s previous Latin name, Spiraea ulmaria. In the mid nineteenth 24
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century salicylic acid was isolated from meadowsweet and later willow bark, which lead to the creation of aspirin. Meadowsweet has many medicinal actions and is a herb I would hate to be without. Just like Cú Chulainn, people commonly used it as a treatment for fevers where it works through a gentle diaphoresis as well as reducing inflammation and heat. It was used to treat hot conditions in other ways too; cooling sunburn, as a wash for inflamed eyes, as a compress for swollen, arthritic joints, to give relief from headaches and for calming an irritated cough. It’s a joy to see this plant when out walking with its reddish stems and creamy puffs of tiny, fragrant white flowers. Keep an eye out for it by the sides of streams and water ways and remember to always consult a good guide book if you are in any way unsure of identification. “How lovely she is, queen of the springs and of the running brooks, standing there in the damp shady places with her big clouds of flowers; little white flowers that make up big feathery tufts and give off a strong sweet perfume.” Maurice Messegue Lucinda Warner is a Brighton based herbalist and plant lover. For more information on the herbs and preparations mentioned see whisperingearth.co.uk
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The Butterfly and the Elm WILDLIFE REFLECTIONS By Alexi Francis. Alexi also drew the illustration. If you would like to buy the original or see other work, go to her website:www.alexifrancisillustrations.co.uk
Back in June on my way to the supermarket, my eye was caught by a flutter both familiar and strange on the ground beside a solitary elm tree. It was a small butterfly with brown wings traced with a thin white line and edged by orange dots. At the end of the wings were two hairlike ‘tails’. This little creature, that had captured my attention, was a white letter hairstreak. To see any butterfly amidst tarmac and concrete is special, but the white letter is particularly so. A few days later I found another close to St Peter’s Church. I tried to pick it up, but it flew off over the grass and was gone. White letter hairstreak butterflies aren’t rare but they’re not that common either as they need elm trees to lay their eggs and many elms were lost in the 1970s due to Dutch Elm Disease. The tree’s demise saw white letter numbers decrease as well. In Brighton we’re lucky to still have a good variety of mature elms in our streets and parks, including the famous Preston Twins of Preston Park. They’re perfect for white letters. The butterflies I saw were out early. Usually they’re on the wing by late June, peaking in numbers by late July. There’s still a chance of seeing them in August. A good place to catch
sight of white letters is Hollingbury Park where they can be seen fluttering erratically high up in the tops of the elms where they feed on honeydew. They also come down to take nectar from the thistles and brambles below. In summer it’s not uncommon to see the occasional khaki clad naturalist with notebook and camera knee deep in the thistles looking for a white letter. If you’re lucky you’ll see one resting on a leaf, wings closed and angled like a sail to the sun, the white letter on the undersides of its wings visible.
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Delicious, cooling iced tea • • • • •
8 Tea Bags Ice Cubes Lemon Slices Water Fine Sugar (optional)
Method 1. Bring water to the boil… 2. Pour about 4 cupsworth into a heat-proof container, add the teabags & allow to stand for 5 minutes.
3. Remove tea bags & pour into jug. 4. Add an additional 4 cups of cold water. 5. Add ice cubes, and lemon & sugar to taste. ( if ice upsets your teeth, keep in the refrigerator for a while) Prefer peaches instead? Blend a can of peaches (in fruit juice) and add to the chilled tea. Some scallywags even add Pimms and all manner of fruits!
21st Century Tips
WORDSEARCH
Britons in Space Clean Dishwasher – A cup of vinegar in the dishwasher every once in a while will keep your dishwasher clean, odour-free and prevent limescale build-up.
Stop sausages splitting - Cover your sausages in cold water and bring to the boil. Drain and dry before grilling.
Dried Up Mascara? – Make sure
container is tightly shut before immersing in hot water for a few minutes to re-hydrate.
Juicy Tomatoes - Take them out of the
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From Time to Time in Summer
Cinnabar Moth
Emperor Moth
1in, orange-yellow striped with black
2 ¼in, dark or yellowish-green
With its yellow-and-black-striped body, the Cinnabar moth’s caterpillar looks ready for rugby. It’s a warning, as the caterpillar, like the adult moth, is distasteful to birds. These caterpillars are ragwort specialists and in fact help control it. They gain toxicity and protection from the poisonous alkaloids in ragwort.
The Emperor is everybody’s favourite moth: it’s so big and beautiful. The mature caterpillar is spectacular too. The favoured food is heather but brambles, blackthorn and hawthorn are also devoured. The caterpillars can be found from May to August, before spinning a large cocoon from which the moth will emerge the next spring. The male emperor is renowned for being able to locate a female by scent, even over long distances.
Large Blue Butterfly
Swallowtail Butterfly
½in, Ochre-white Appearances can be deceptive, no caterpillar has a more bizarre life than this. After hatching, the young caterpillar feeds on thyme but after two or three weeks, it develops a minute honey- gland. Red ants find this irresistible. They milk the caterpillar, eventually adopting it and taking it into their underground nest. Once inside the ant nest, the caterpillar proceeds to prey on the grubs, eating as many as 1,200 of them and increasing its own weight 100 times by the time it pupates in late May. 28
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1 ½in, green with black bands. Until their third moult, the caterpillars resemble small bird droppings, so are difficult to find, but the mature caterpillar is much easier to spot. It’s handsome, with a green body and black bands spotted with red. When alarmed, the caterpillar flicks out a pair of orange scent glands from behind its head, emitting a strong smell. But sadly that’s not sufficient to deter reed buntings and sedge warblers, both of which are major predators.
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Red Admiral Butterfly
1 inch (2.5 cm) in length. Their coloration is variable, but they are usually black with white spots and spines. The spines persist into the pupal phase. The primary host plant is the stinging nettle but it can also be found on the false nettle. Male red admirals court females for several hours before they begin mating. Because of female choice, only males with territory have the opportunity to mate. In order to maintain their territory, males fly around and patrol the area 7 to 30 times per hour. Only males of exceptional flying ability are able to chase off intruding males and successfully court females.
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Large White Cabbage Butterfly 1 ½in, pale green and spotted with black A rival to the slug as the gardener’s enemy, the caterpillars of the large white butterfly are specialist eaters of brassicas. At first, the young caterpillars concentrate on the outer leaves, nipping holes between the veins, until, eventually, only a skeleton remains. They feed in unison, being stimulated to eat by the oily fumes from the damaged leaves. They are easy to spot and appear vulnerable to hungry birds, but their bodies accumulate poisonous oils from their food that deter most predators. Despite this, a parasitic wasp called Cotesia glomerata lays its eggs in the caterpillars, and takes up to 80% of the population.
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THE BRAIN PIT Mind Mining puzzles supplied by Bud Tangerina
CROSSWORD
© 2018 Satyen Nabar
By Satyen Nabar
Across 1 More hostile but more mature after century (6) 4 It goes up and down! Understand? Understood (6)
Down
1 Host consuming ecstasy talked big (6) 2 Extremely drunk baron lost game of chance (5) 3 Injured eagle circling abyss nearly close to the ground (7) 5 Player at opera displaying the Muse of lyric poetry (5) 6 Outing to catch largely select fish (7) 7 Under the influence of alcohol, woman dates rogue (6) 8 Vote that happens at the end of poker round (4,2,5) 14 Bond going topless with excessive suavity (7) 15 Rampant sex embodies youthful issues (7) 16 Lion-hearted choir performed conserving energy (6) 17 Exceptional boy very likely to succeed (4-2) 19 Birdbrain Republican in daydream (5) 21 Arranging bail to secure one’s defence (5)
AUGUST SUDOKU
9 Sot dancing with affluent bird (7) 10 Like to conserve unusual plants (5) 11 Run away with some damsel openly (5) 12 Band overwhelmed by small exclamation of delight (7) 13 In high spirits after a vegetarian meal? (11) 18 High commendations for fantastic cinema about love (7) 20 Distressing to have nothing in reserve (5) 22 Exotic rose around one willow (5) 23 Fails to tackle outright flirts (7) 24 Statutes for scrapping new weapons of destruction (6) 25 Fool throwing gin on delegate (6)
Answers to the Puzzles at www.7directory.co.uk 30
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advertorial
Cloudy2Clear Announce Trusted Trader Partnership Consumer champions Which? have now joined the thousands of customers who recognise that Cloudy2Clear Windows really are a business that you can TRUST. The company which specialises in repairing windows which are steamed up, broken or damaged by replacing the panes – not the frames has received the coveted ‘Which Trusted Trader’ status after going through a rigorous accreditation process entirely focussed on customer service. Group Managing Director Marcus McGee believes that Which? have endorsed Cloudy2Clear’s long
standing company policy of delivering the highest standards possible at all times. ‘Our service is simple. If your double glazing has misted up we can replace the glass at a fraction of the cost of a new window, in any type of frame, and with a new 25 year guarantee. But it’s not just about saving people money, although that obviously helps. Whilst a number of tradespeople perhaps don’t focus on customer care as much as they should do, we make sure we turn up when we say we will, do the job the customer requires and leave their house as clean as a whistle. Locally Cloudy2Clear service the Brighton & Hove areas and
manager Aaron Smith agrees that this approach is a major factor in his success. ‘The truth is that it’s not just the personal satisfaction that I get from doing a good job but also it makes good business sense. I get a huge amount of business from friends and family of people I’ve done work for, which just goes to show how much a little bit of effort is appreciated as both my customers and, obviously a body as nationally important as Which? now recognise.’ So, if your windows are steamed up, broken or damaged give Aaron a call for a free quotation on 0800 61 21 118 and he’ll be happy to help!
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JOIN SUSSEX’S FAVOURITE
SUMMER HOLIDAY CELEBRATION!
A VINTAGE WEEKEND AT FIRLE PLACE, IN THE BEAUTIFUL FIRLE PARK.
11 & 12 AUGUST
A UNIQUE TWO DAY EXPERIENCE WITH A CHERRY-PICKED PROGRAMME OF EVENTS Decorative antiques & vintage finds Country living & hand painted interiors Gardenalia & vintage haberdashery Original vintage fair rides Jazz bands & charleston dance troupes Riding stables tea-dance & china tea-room Fresh flower crown making & greenery workshops Folk art & designer makers Talks on bees & artisan food emporium Horse carriage rides & side-saddle shows Vintage car display & miniature steam train
For more information and pre-booked tickets visit 32
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