Sustainable Façade Design - Online

Sustainable Faรงade Design Pirawatt Changlek

Sustainable Façade Design

Brise Soleil

Benefits

improve well-being

save money

Environmental factors

sun

wind

Function Useful lecture

Brise-soleil (n.)

The lecture about thermal comfort is very useful. The project starts by looking at the key environment below

A device, such as a perforated screen or louvers , for shutting out direct or excessive sunlight.

- air movement - temperature

French literally means ‘ sun breaker’

- heat gain - sun position

Theses factors will be analysed in order to understand more about how they interact with the façade.

regulate sunlight entries

(Oxford dictionary)

Site - The Yellow House

The Yellow House Bar & Kitchen SE16 2UE. The building is a pub and restaurant in the corner of a junction ( Rotherhithe Old Rd, Lower Rd and Hawkstone Rd). It is less than 1 mintue walk from Surrey Quays train station, and 20 minutes by train from Central London.

The building is a good type to propose a faรงade structure that is able to con-trols sunlight because its faรงade fac-es the sun in summer and winter. If we give the environmental factors like sun an extreme scenario,a good sun control device will make the inside comfortable.

The Façades

Design brise-soleil on this side

South east-facing façade

East-facing façade

South-facing façade

6 m

5 m

North east-facing façade The restaurant already has their brise-soleil.

This yellow perforated screen covers 85% of all the windows on the ground floor. The screen is very simple. Its purpose is to make the space more private for their customers. It separates the busy road from the dining space inside and at the same time, it displays the logo (flower).

If we turn the purpose of the screen around, we can make the building more sustainable by bring more sunlight to it, and make the interior airy by creating options for customers to open the windows, especially on the north east-facing side to get healthy sunlight in the morning.

design façade here 5 m

9 m The yellow house bar kitchen

Sun Path & Shadow 2D Sun ray

time

5

18

6

17

7

16

8

y sunlight health

19

9

15 10

14 11

13

12 rm d ha n a e r possible gla

g nli su l fu

ht

Shadow

Stereographic sun path diagram for the Yellow House Restaurant Season Date Time latitude longitude azimuth

: : : : : :

Summer 01 July 2016 11:00 am GMT 0 51.4937121 -0.048591 150.43 degree

The information from this 2D stereo-graphic sun path diagram shows the time at 11 am in summer of 1st July.

The façade of the restaurant only faces the sun from around 05:00 to 14:00. During this time, the restau-rant only has to face an excessive heat gain problem from around 10:00 to 13:00

7

The Yellow House

6

time

12 13

14

15

16

17 18

e

19 5

time the façade does not face the sun

11

tim

heat gain time sun’s benefits time

8

10 9

12:00:00

Sun Position

11:00:00 13:00:00 10:00:00

11 1.1 2°

° .99

a=1

a = 150.43°

205

8° 77.9 a=1

a=

28.17 °

09:00:00

a=

healthy sun range

keys main sides of façade wall and roof that are exposed to a great amount of sunlight sun ray coming to the building healthy sunlight (approx. 5-9 am)

the building starts to gain heat from sunlight. It is possible to cause glare and too much heat gain

sunrise and sunset time

This study is carried out to find the sun position at specific time using azimuth and elevation value from the table on the left.In this case, it is a summer day in July 2016, the building starts to receive heat from the sun from around 9am to 6pm.

However, the façade only gains heat from 10am to around 1pm. It is so important to know the position of the sun so we know which location might be affected by glare.

10:00:00

11:00:00

52.88°

12:00:00

58.99°

13:00:00

61.55°

59.59°

The Corbusian Brise Soleil Precedent research

Taken from the book ‘ Architecture and the Sun’. From this point, the proposal will also consider ventilation, privacy and decoration created by this example of the Corbusian brise soleil. Although brise soleil normally refers to a perman-ent structure, it is possible to be fle-xible because the example only looks at the brise soleil in a hot country,Brazil.

In the UK, the weather is more temporal, meaning the weather is not too extreme, therefore brise soleil units should not be dense and deep. It should be site spe-cific.

Temperature & Ventilation

The original façade does not allow an effective natural ventilation because of the screens that cover the windows.This diagram shows how hot air is drawn ineffectively and how cool air gets in (also inef-fectively). When the restaurant is operating, heat is also coming from the kitchen and the grill, so using natural ventilation to cool down is more sustainable than using an internal ventilation which can cost a lot. It is worse in summer when the temerature is high.

data from 2015 (January and July) °F

30

86

20

68

10

50

0

32

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

°C

°F

40

104

30

86

20

68

10

50

0

32

-10

1 2 am

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 10 11 12 1 pm

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 10 11 12 am

14

°F

Month January 2015 Winter

°C 40

104

30

86

20

68

10

50

0

32

-10

Day 1 January 2015

14

1 2 date

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

°C

°F

40

104

30

86

20

68

10

50

0

32

-10

1 2 am

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 10 11 12 1 pm

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9 10 11 12 am

14

bar

14

9m

1 2 date

kitchen

2 doors a re use when not in serving

Day 1 July 2015 The hottest day

-10

wood fired oven 1m

40

104

1m

Month July 2015 Summer

°C

1m

1m 6m

ground floor plan

scale 1:50 on A3

Louvre and Window Design

2D sun ray diagram showing the side of the façade that gets healthy sunlight.

Sustainability, Flexibility and Health

time

bar

kitchen

lounge

wood fired oven

5

19

Original façade

18

6

17

7

16

8 9

15 10

14 13

1m

y sunlight health

The yellow house

11 12

1m

These two doors are not usually open.

There is a need for a better ventilation to reduce electricity cost caused by in-ternal ventilation such as air conditio-ning, so they should be taken away.

These three windows can be opened (detailed section next page). The design comes from the idea of making the inside space comfortable by regulating a wind flow (ventilation). The new façade has more windows which means more transparency, and people can get healthy sunlight because this side faces the morning sun from sunrise to 9 am and the position of the sun is low angl-ed, especially in winter.

The louvres are simple. They act as a kind of brise soleil for the façade. They can be moved horizontally along the rail. They are designed based on flexibility. Although the morning sunlight is benefitial, it can also has glares.

The movable louvres allows customers or shop staff to regulate the morning sunlight.

The yellow house

bar

kitchen

lounge

Behind these louvres are fixed glass windows (detailed section next page). There is no need for them to be open as other three opening windows are enough to create a better ventilation.

wood fired oven

New façade

0.8m

0.8m

0.8m

0.85m

0.8m

0.85m

0.85m

0.85m

North East elevation

scale 1:50 on A3

Windows and How They Work gypsum wall board concrete insulation exterior finish wheel

louvre

glass window

1 2 , 3

1

15 cm

fixed window 150.6 cm

hopper window

2

3

scale 1:10 on A3

Louvres and How They Work Louvre section

Louvre elevation

150.6 cm

scale 1:5 on A3

scale 1:10 on A3

South east-facing Façade and Brise Soleil

The yellow house Original façade

57.6 cm

The yellow house

New façade

scale 1:5 on A3 On this side of the building (South east-facing façade), the sun is in a high-angled position between 11:00 am to 01:00 pm, meaning the direct sunlight can cause gl-ares from high-angled position. The amount of sunlig-ht that is coming to the building is not as much as it is in a low-angled position, so the brise soleil is relatively short (57.6 cm) from the exterior wall.

Even though there are louvres on this side already, this façade still needs brise soleil in order to protec-t people from strong summer sunlight. There is no brise soleil on the North east-facing façade because this side of the building only faces the healthy mor-ning sun.

South East elevation

scale 1:50 on A3

The Sun and Heat Gain

Better Ventilation

section di r ec ts un li

gh t

All six hopper windows on both faรงades make natural ventilation better. There are more windows that can be opened than the ori-ginal faรงade and there is no obstruction on these windows(like the screen on the original faรงade). The louvres are adjustable and not fixed like the perforated screen on the original faรงade).

fu di f

se

n su

lig

ht

kitchen

wood fired oven

heat stored

bar

heat released

The first diagram is created in order to understand more about sunlight and heat gain. When the brise soleil was being designed, diffuse sunlight was an issue because the sun still creates diffuse light which might affect the building inside even if the direct su-nlight is in a high angled position (noon) and does not seem to come through the windows directly.

The last two diagrams are about heat gain and sustai-nability. The sustainability is achieved by large wind-ows so the building can get lots of sunlight during the day (at the same time it is controlled by louvres and brise soleil) and release it at night naturally.

faรงade in floor plan

scale 1:50 on A3

Model The pictures of a model shown here are the south east-facing faรงade which faces the high-angled sun from around 11 am to 2 pm. Simple brise soleil is placed above the window to protect people from po-ssible glares, especially in summer.The length of this brise soleil from wall is not long, but this is enough to cope direct sunlight while the louvre below adjusts diffuse sunlight by moving horizon-tally.

The model is also photographed with lamp light at high-angled to see how the shadow might look in real life if the brise soleil, windows and louvre are put on the building.The lamp light imitates the sunlight at around 1 pm and the brise soleil seems to function effectively because it blocks su-nlight and allows some heat to come through at the same time. Heat coming to the building is a sus-stainable resource as the building releases the heat at night. This energy is useful in winter.

Model in progress made at scale 1:20