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IMPRESSION BEING CREATED THROUGH FAKE NEWS ‘STATE LOSING ITS WRIT’: COAS

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Saturday, 30 December, 2023 I 16 Jamada Al-Sani, 1445

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‘RUMOURS AND NEGATIVE IMPRESSIONS’ BEING SPREAD ABOUT PAKISTAN ON SOCIAL MEDIA, SAYS GEN MUNIR

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ISLAMABAD

AGRICULTURE HOLDS IMMENSE IMPORTANCE FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF PAKISTAN: PM KAKAR

STAFF REPORT

HIEF of Army Staff (COAS) General Syed Asim Munir on Friday expressed concern over the environment of pessimism and chaos being created on social media through fake news that the state was losing its writ.

He expressed these remarks during his address at the National Farmer’s Convention where he graced the occasion as the guest of honour. Caretaker Prime Minister Anwaarul Haq Kakar was also present at the convention.

The event was attended by federal ministers, agricultural experts and senior government officials.

COAS said that “rumours” and “negative impressions” were being spread about Pakistan on social media.

The army chief said that Pakistan experienced rapid growth in the sixties, but unfortunately, we lost sight of the fundamental principles of Quaid-e-Azam – faith, unity, and organisation. “As a re-

sult, he added, the country faced a decline,” he added. General Asim also vowed to suppress all types of mafia together with the nation.

The army chief emphasised that the farmers were the backbone of the country’s agriculture sector.

“It’s your untiring hard work, toil

Govt injects Rs200b subsidy to tackle power sector circular debt woes g

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FUNDS WILL BE UTILIZED TO PAY GAS COMPANIES, ADDRESSING CIRCULAR DEBT TO TUNE OF RS80B PROFIT

NEWS DESK

The Ministry of Finance disbursed a subsidy of Rs200 billion to the financially strained power sector, aiming to address the growing issue of circular debt, which had escalated to Rs2.7 trillion based on the latest estimates.

Following the clearance of this amount, the remaining circular debt in the power sector is anticipated to be approximately Rs2.5 trillion by the end of December 2023.

Official sources confirmed that this subsidy clearance, totaling Rs200 billion, will assist both the power and gas sectors in settling their respective circular debts.

The allocated funds will be utilized to pay gas companies, addressing circular debt to the tune of Rs80 billion.

A top official stated that the Ministry of Finance approved the disbursement on Wednesday evening, and the funds were provided to the concerned ministry on Thursday.

The Economic Coordination Committee (ECC) of the Cabinet, in its meeting on December 19, 2023, considered a summary regarding the settlement of payables to Government-Owned Power Plants (GPP) at par with Independent Power Producers (IPPs). The ECC granted the release of Rs262.075 billion to public sector power plants through a Technical Supplementary Grant (TSG).

The Ministry of Power had requested the approval of a Technical Supplementary Grant of Rs262.075 billion for the second quarter payment of Rs131.035 billion to Government-Owned Power Plants GPPs. This included allocations to various entities, such as Genco-11, Genco-111, Wapda, Quaid-e-Azam Thermal Power (RLNG), and Quaid-e-Azam Solar Power.

The ECC approved the request, directing the utilization of funds to prioritize clearing foreign-relent loans and cash development loans.

For the fiscal year 2023-24, a budgetary allocation of Rs127 billion has been designated for K-Electric tariff differential subsidy arrears.

To ensure the liquidity of the power sector, an immediate release of Rs57 billion to CPPA-G as an advance subsidy has been initiated, with adjustments to be made accordingly.

Rs 15.00 | Vol XIV No 181 I 8 Pages I Lahore Edition

and determination that plays a pivotal role in ensuring food security for millions of Pakistanis. You make us and the entire nation all proud,” he said.

He said that climate change and water scarcity were realities that challenged Pakistan’s food security and necessitated the use of technology and

close government-public collaboration as being done under the Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC).

“Pakistan is endowed with immense potential and abundant resources. Together, we will navigate through these challenging times, by the grace of Allah, and attain our goals across every sector, InshaAllah,” he added.

General Munir said that the dividends of all initiatives by SIFC would help Pakistan come out of economic crisis. “United, we as a resilient nation, will lead Pakistan towards a progressive and prosperous future, InshaAllah,” the COAS added.

During his address, PM Kakar said that agriculture held immense importance for the socio-economic development of the country at the grassroots level.

The prime minister appreciated the collaborative work of ministries and departments for achieving various milestones under the umbrella of SIFC and stressed the need to expedite various initiatives.

IHC declares law giving detention powers to Islamabad DC illegal ‘POWERS REST WITH CABINET’

ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

The Islamabad High Court (IHC) on Thursday declared as ‘illegal’ the 1980 presidential order (PO) No. 18, ruling that the Islamabad deputy commissioner does not have the authority to issue detention orders under section 3 of the Maintenance of Public Order (MPO).

Under the PO, the chief commissioner of the federal capital was conferred with the powers of the provincial government.

Announcing the reserved verdict, on the petitions filed by Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) leaders Shandana Gulzar and Sharhyar Afridi, Justice Babar Sattar observed that only the federal cabinet should have the power to issue detention orders

under the law.

Following the announcement of the IHC verdict, lawyer and PTI leader Babar Awan said that Justice Sattar observed that those who carried out the arrests under the law should be punished. Awan slammed the martial law era order, stating that the power conferred on the commissioner and deputy commissioner under the law was unlawful.

“The court has declared the 3MPO order illegal,” he said, adding that only the federal cabinet can pass orders in Islamabad.

The IHC had, on September 7, restrained the deputy commissioner of Islamabad from exercising section 3 of Maintenance of Public Order (MPO) powers until further notice.

Justice Babar Sattar ruled that

the Islamabad DC cannot use the powers of Section 3 of MPO until further notice and issued a notice to the attorney general for assistance in determining the constitutionality and legality of the ordinance. Two judicial assistants, Advocate Salahuddin Ahmed and Advocate Waqar Rana, were also appointed to provide assistance on the matter.

The high court had, in August, allowed the release of Afridi and Shandana as it heard their pleas against their prolonged detentions under the MPO ordinance.

The court had stated that it would hold city deputy commissioner Irfan Nawaz Memon and a senior superintendent of police in contempt of court. The two PTI leaders had been arrested in relation to the May 9 violence.

Govt to borrow Rs3.88tr from banks in Q1 2024 to address budget deficit g

PRIMARY AVENUE FOR GOVT BORROWING INVOLVES FORTNIGHTLY AUCTIONS OF MARKET TREASURY BILLS PROFIT

NEWS DESK

The government plans to secure Rs3.88 trillion from banks through treasury bills and conventional bonds in the first quarter of 2024 to address its budget deficit, as disclosed by the State Bank of Pakistan on Thursday. As per the central bank’s auction calendar, the government aims to raise Rs2.250 trillion through long-term paper auctions. Additionally, it intends to secure Rs1.630 trillion from commercial banks through market treasury bill auctions.

The recent auction schedule indicates a reduction in the government’s borrowing requirements, potentially attributed to the optimistic prospect of obtaining foreign funding from friendly countries.

The primary avenue for government borrowing involves fortnightly auctions of market treasury bills and conventional and Sharia-compliant bonds in local currency. The borrowed funds are utilized to finance government operations, with analysts noting a significant increase in the burden of servicing domestic debt due to record-high interest rates. The majority of government revenue is allocated to servicing the substantial markup payments on domestic debt.

While the government continues its borrowing practices, banks are strategically allocating a significant portion of available liquidity to risk-free securities, particularly government papers. This trend is driven by the higher returns generated from investments in these securities. In response to escalating inflation, the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) implemented a policy rate hike of 600 basis points, from 16 percent in December 2022 to a record high of 22 percent in June 2023. T-Bills yields in 2023 observed an increase ranging from 415 to 439 basis points. However, in the last three months, yields have exhibited a decline of 270 to 358 basis points from their peak in September, signaling market anticipation of a policy rate cut in 2024.

Similarly, the yield on three-year Pakistan Investment Bonds rose by 92 basis points to 16.56 percent in 2023 but has since decreased from its peak of 21.16 percent in September.

IHC allows PTI leaders to hold ‘election meetings’ with Imran in jail ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

The Islamabad High Court on Friday granted permission to PTI leaders and lawyers to hold elections meetings with Imran Khan — who is incarcerated at Adiala Jail The order was passed by Justice Miangul Hasan Aurangzeb on a petition filed by Imran seeking permission to hold meetings with party members – Asad Qaiser, Junaid Akbar Khan, senators Aurangzeb Khan and Dost Mohammad Khan, and Ishtiaq Meherban, among others, to devise strategy ahead of the elections.

The plea also requested the court to instruct the superintendent of Adiala Jail to ensure privacy for Imran during his consultations with his legal team.

Earlier, PTI Chairman Gohar Khan had said the decision to allot tickets would still be taken by Imran.

Meanwhile, Barrister Ali Zafar had asserted that PTI workers in jail would be prioritised when it came to the

allotment of tickets. Attorney-General for Pakistan (AGP) Mansoor Usman Awan, PTI lawyers and the Adiala Jail superintendent appeared in the IHC in the case.

At the outset, PTI counsel Shoaib Shaheen said the party needed to hold discussions for the allotment of 700 tickets while the AGP raised objections to the maintainability of the plea.

Justice Aurangzeb expressed displeasure at Awan’s arguments and asked: “Is the additional note from the Supreme Court insufficient for you? Do you want me to write a note against you as well?”

He passed these remarks in reference to Justice Athar Minallah’s additional note in the cypher case. In his note, the SC judge had highlighted that it was the Election Commission of Pakistan and the government’s duty to ensure that the public was facilitated in expressing its will through a “genuine election”, adding that it was also bound to ensure that there was no perception of oppression or repression against one political party

while others were treated favourably.

Mentioning these remarks, Justice Aurangzeb said the AGP and advocate general were representing the caretaker government and should therefore be impartial.

“A terrible system is being run under the interim government where even consultation on elections is not allowed,” he remarked, asking if the caretakers wanted to “derail the polls”.

Subsequently, the court allowed PTI lawyers, including Chairman Gohar Khan, to hold consultations with Imran in jail. The court also passed orders for a meeting between Gohar and the ex-premier to be held under the supervision of the jail superintendent.

“Permission for consultations on polls is a fundamental right,” Justice Aurangzeb said, stressing that the caretaker government should be “neutral” during elections.

“Opposing meetings between PTI chairman and Imran raises questions on the neutrality of the interim set-up,” the judge added and disposed of the petition.

Pakistan turns down Indian demand for Hafiz Saeed’s extradition ISLAMABAD

STAFF CORRESPONDENT

Pakistan on Friday apparently rejected an Indian request seeking the extradition of Hafiz Muhammad Saeed, the alleged mastermind of the November 2008 Mumbai attacks, citing a lack of an extradition treaty between the two countries.

Foreign Office Spokesperson Mumtaz Zahra Baloch confirmed the Indian request for the extradition in a statement. “Pakistan has received a request from the Indian authorities, seeking extradition of Hafiz Saeed in a so-called money laundering case,” the spokesperson said.

“It is pertinent to note that no bilateral extradition treaty exists be-

tween Pakistan and India,” she added.

Without explicitly saying, the statement clearly suggested that Pakistan would not entertain the Indian request because of the lack of an extradition treaty between the two countries. Earlier, the Indian External Affairs Ministry spokesperson told reporters in New Delhi that the Indian government made a formal communication to extradite Hafiz Saeed.

“The person in question is wanted in numerous cases in India.

He is also a UN-proscribed terrorist.

In this regard, we have conveyed a request along with relevant supporting documents to the government of Pakistan to extradite him to India to face trial in a particular case,” the spokesperson told the media.

“We have been flagging the issue of activities that he’s been wanted for. This is a recent request,” he added.

Shortly after the Mumbai attacks, in December 2008, Saeed was listed at the UN 1267/1989 al-Qaida Sanctions Committee as an individual associated with the al-Qaida terrorist organisation and, thus, subject to international sanctions.

The US announced a reward of $10 million for information about Saeed.

Last year, a court sentenced him to 31 years imprisonment for terror financing. The move by Pakistan was aimed at complying with the Financial Action Task Force’s (FATF) plan of action to get out of its monitoring list.

India asks Pakistan to extradite Mumbai attacks suspect Hafiz Saeed

NEW DELHI: India has formally requested Pakistan to extradite Hafiz Saeed, suspected of involvement in the 2008 attacks on Mumbai, for trial in India, foreign ministry spokesperson Arindam Bagchi told reporters in a briefing on Friday. “We have conveyed a request along with relevant supporting documents to the government of Pakistan,” Bagchi told reporters. Questioned about the extradition request during her weekly press briefing on Thursday, FO Spokesperson Mumtaz Zahra Baloch had said: “This question is based on speculative reporting and we would not like to comment on speculative reports.” Saeed, a hardline cleric accused by the US and India of orchestrating the 2008 Mumbai attacks, has been a well-known, albeit shadowy, figure in Pak-

istan since the 2000s. Though his media presence has dwindled over the years, the past decade has seen Saeed in and out of the limelight owing to crackdowns by the government on his organisation Lashkar-i-Taiba (LeT) and its charity wing, Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JuD), due to mounting international pressure.

According to the BBC, Saeed founded the LeT in the 1990s; when it was banned, the revival of Jamaat-udDawa wal-Irshad — a much older organisation — was witnessed in 2002 when it was renamed Jamaat-udDawa. Though the JuD leader insists his organisation has worked for Islamic welfare, especially in the aftermath of natural disasters, the United States has maintained that the group is a front for militant activities. REUTERS

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NEPRA MAKES ELECTRICITY EXPENSIVE FOR KARACHIITES

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Saturday, 30 December, 2023 | LAHORE

NEWS

ISLAMABAD

ahmad ahmadani

HE National Electric Power Regulatory Authority (NEPRA) while accepting the request of power division has increased the price of electricity by Rs 1.72 per unit for the electricity consumers of K-Electric (KE).

NEPRA approved the government’s request to increase the price of electricity for the power consumers of KE

by Rs 1.72 per unit price of electricity and sent the decision to the federal government for notification.

This approval has been given by NEPRA for the 2nd and 3rd quarter of FY22-23 respectively after conducting a public hearing on the motion filed by the power division in this regard.

According to NEPRA’s decision, the Authority (NEPRA) has considered the submissions made the Federal Government in the Motion, the Guidelines forwarded by the Ministry and the comments of the stakeholders.

The Authority noted that the instant Motion has been filed by the Federal Government to make the tariff uniform across the country, keeping in view the National Electricity Policy 2021. The Authority has therefore decided to accept the Motion filed by the Federal Government, said NEPRA decision.

The Authority has also accepted the request of the Federal Government to issue separate SoTs for the allowed increase in tariff for all categories of consumers of K-Electric except life line, the decision added.

As per NEPRA decision, the rate of Rs.0.4689/kWh shall be applicable on the consumption of April, May and June 2023 to be recovered from consumers of KElectric in a period of three months i.e. from Jan. 2024 to Mar. 2024 respectively.

Similarly, the rate of Rs. 1.2489/kWh shall be applicable on the consumption of July, August & September 2023 to be recovered from consumers of KElectric in a period of three months from January 2024 to March 2024 respectively.

The amount so allowed to K-Electric through instant decision shall be accounted for by K-Electric in its subsidy claims and the Federal Government shall take into account this amount while processing the subsidy claims of K-Electric. The instant decision is intimated to the Federal Government for notification in terms of Section 31(7) of the Act, said NEPRA decision.

Earlier, the Ministry of Energy (Power Division) asked NEPRA to apply quarterly adjustments (QTA) of PKR 0.4689 per unit and PKR 1.2489 per unit on the power consumers of the K-Electric (KE) for the 2nd and 3rd quarter of FY22-23 respectively.

The Energy Ministry filed the request to maintain uniform tariff across the country, as these charges have already been determined for the power distribution companies (DISCOs). And, the NEPRA conducted public hearing in this regard to draw a conclusion.

During the course of NEPRA hearing, power division official said that this increase has not been applied to K-Electric, so these collections have to be made now from KE consumers. However, the business

Gilgit-Baltistan Council cuts costs, enhances efficiency

community of Karachi have strongly opposed increasing the price of electricity.

Traders said that increase in electricity prices on monthly basis is no longer a bearable burden for them. They said that increase in electricity prices on account of the fuel price and sometimes the uniform tariffs are affecting businesses. They said If electricity is made expensive, everything will be expensive. Karachi is an industrial and business hub, please let the business run, a businessman said during public hearing.

KE, in a statement, said power distribution companies (DISCOs) across Pakistan operate in a regulated environment, and follow the directions issued

by NEPRA and the Government of Pakistan regarding the costs of electricity to be applied on customers’ monthly bills. Individual Distribution Companies cannot influence the process or make unilateral changes.

K-Electric (KE) is a publicly listed company incorporated in Pakistan in 1913 as KESC. Privatised in 2005, KE is the only vertically integrated utility in Pakistan supplying electricity within a 6500 square kilometres territory including Karachi and its adjoining areas.

The majority shares (66.4%) of the company are listed in the PSX owned by KES Power, a consortium of investors including Aljomaih Power Limited of Saudi Arabia, National Industries Group (Holding), Kuwait, and the Infrastructure and Growth Capital Fund (IGCF).

The Government of Pakistan is also a minority shareholder (24.36%) in the company.

PSX: Shares’ value rises by 39%, reaching Rs9tr in 2023 PFOFIT

Staff RepoRt

As the final trading session of 2023 approaches, data from the Pakistan Stock Exchange reveals a 54% increase in the benchmark of major shares in rupee terms. The total value of all shares has surged by 39%, reaching Rs9 trillion.

According to an analysis by Topline Securities Ltd on Thursday, the best-performing sectors throughout the year include refinery, chemical, and power generation, with respective increases in their market capitalization of 88%, 73%, and 65%.

In contrast, property, modarabas, and textile spinning emerged as the worst-performing sectors, experiencing declines of 24%, 11%, and 7%, respectively.

The refinery sector’s robust performance is attributed to positive expectations regarding the refinery

Scrutiny of nomination papers concludes today

policy. The chemical sector saw significant growth, led

by Colgate-Palmolive Pakistan Ltd, which announced bonus shares, resulting in a 147% increase in the firm’s market capitalization in 2023.

The power generation sector’s performance was driven by a rally in Hub Power Company Ltd, witnessing an 88% increase in its market capitalization,

ISLAMABAD

Staff RepoRt

Scrutiny of the nomination papers filed by candidates of various political parties and independent candidates for next general elections will conclude tomorrow (Saturday). According to details, appeals against the acceptance or rejection of nomination papers can be submitted until January 03, 2024 while decisions on these appeals will be made by the January 10, 2024. The list of candidates will be displayed on the January 11 and candidates would have the option to withdraw by the January 12, 2024. The electoral symbols will be allotted on the January 13, and polling for the general elections will be held on February 8, 2024.

JUI-F presents names of candidates for women reserved seats PESHAWAR

Staff RepoRt

Jamiat Ulema e Islam-Fazal (JUI-F) on Friday presented the names of its candidates on women reserved seats for the National and provincial assemblies. According to the announcement, the names of Shahida Akhtar Ali, Naeema Kishwar, Hina Bibi and Sadaf Yasmin have been finalized for women reserved seats from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa while Zarin Bibi from Sindh, Aliya Kamran Murtaza, Aasiya Nasir, Safia Hafeez and Safia Mufti Fazalur Rehman have been finalized from Baluchistan. Similarly, the names of Hina Owais, Aiman Abdurazaq Abid Lakho will be the party candidates on women reserved seats in Sindh Assembly while Aatika Ameer Hamza, Javeria Sadiq and Rabia Nadeem have been finalized for Punjab Assembly.

while K-Electric Ltd also recorded a 76% increase in its market price.

The top-performing stock within the KSE-100 index for 2023 was Pak-Gulf Leasing Company, gaining 175%. This less-traded firm’s success is attributed to a dividend of Rs3.50 per share and an 85% bonus in 2023.

Attock Refinery Ltd followed closely, rising by 139% due to low valuation, positive expectations about the refinery policy, and a 49% year-on-year profitability growth in the first nine months of 2023.

Pakgen Power Ltd recorded a 123% gain in 2023, primarily due to a one-time bumper dividend of Rs15 per share in June. Standard Chartered Bank Pakistan Ltd and Pioneer Cement also experienced increases, with significant profitability growth of 121% and 262%, respectively, in the first three quarters of 2023. Hub Power Company Ltd gained 119%, partly attributed to a pay-out of Rs19.50 per share and the expected resolution of the circular debt.

‘Contract based smartphones policy’ being introduced from Jan 15: Minister ISLAMABAD

Staff RepoRt

Caretaker Minister for IT and Telecommunication, Dr Umar Saif on Friday said that the ministry in coordination with stakeholders telecom companies was going to launch ‘Contract based smart phone policy’ from January 15, 2024 to facilitate the people traveling to other countries in getting latest model phones on easy installments, which will benefit economy.

In interaction with a private news channel, the minister said that our aim to incentive responsible financial behavior and ensure that smart phone accessibility continues to expand, adding, we need a robust mechanism to protect investors from defaults, suggesting measures such as blocking mobile phones and, potentially, national identity cards of defaulters.

Dr Umar Saif said that under this policy, telecom companies will have the opportunity to directly offer smartphones to customers through installment plans, thereby expanding the benefits of mobile broadband, especially among lowincome segments in Pakistan.

To a question, he announced that the IT ministry was also introducing a ‘Standardized Quality measurement Tests’ from January 7 to 10, across universities in Pakistan to ensure job opportunities for fresh graduates.

Ministry have made significant decisions to revamp IT education in universities in collaboration with HEC, the National Computing Accreditation Council, the Examination Testing Council, the Pakistan Software Export Board, and the Pakistan Software Houses Association.

He said further explained the program that countrywide students around 20 to 25,000 who will pass the test will be offered job opportunities through the Industry Placement Program.

Dr Umar Saif said that we will allocate funds to support special industry courses in universities, designed to prepare students for current industry trends and needs, we aim to increase our trained manpower in industrial sector.

He also highlighted the importance of aligning educational institutions with industry requirements and facilitating industry-specific training manpower.

Minister also asked the universities to take rapid action to start new quality courses in entrepreneurship and exports for students which would help boost economy of the country.

To another query, he replied that we have planned to make exponential growth in IT sector as it is necessary for us to bring productivity revolution in our economy by using Information and Communications Technology.

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Rs270m in annual expenditure saved after organisational overhaul; 261 position abolished ISLAMABAD

Ghulam abbaS

The Gilgit-Baltistan Council has embarked on an extensive overhaul within its organisational structure, focusing on cost reduction and operational efficiency. The initiative has seen the repatriation of 45 officers and staff members, previously on deputation from diverse departments, back to their original offices.

Simultaneously, the council has taken the bold step of abolishing approximately 261 positions.

Sources close to the matter disclosed that Jawad Rafique, Secretaries of the Ministry of Kashmir Affairs and Gilgit-Baltistan and Sudheer Khan Khattak, the current Joint Secretary of the Council played pivotal roles in spearheading efforts to curtail the council’s annual expenses, achieving an impressive reduction of approximately Rs 270 million. The return of 45 employees to their respective federal departments is anticipated to yield an annual cost-saving of nearly 90 million Rupees. Additionally, the elimination of 261 positions is estimated to contribute an annual saving of Rs 180 million for the organisation. These eliminated positions include posts of BS-19, BS-18, and several others across lower grades. Sources indicate that only a limited number of individuals will continue on deputation based on the present organisational requirements. Plans are underway to facilitate their return to their respective departments in a timely manner. This progressive initiative marks a significant milestone in the council’s ambitious reform agenda. It’s important to highlight that, guided by the Prime Minister, the Federal government is actively pursuing comprehensive reforms across governmental institutions.

Govt announces Hajj 2024 draw results ISLAMABAD

Staff RepoRt

Pakistan’s Caretaker Minister for Religious Affairs and Interfaith Harmony Aneeq Ahmed on Friday announced balloting for the upcoming Hajj.

According to detail, 69, 438 applications were received under the Regular Hajj Scheme and 63,805 of them remained successful in the balloting. He said that our endeavors to reduce the cost of Hajj package also brought results and we have succeeded in reducing Rs 100,000 from the total expense of the Hajj package. A waiting list of unsuccessful 5,633 applicants has been prepared as per their cities of departure. Applicants on the waiting list will be selected if intending pilgrims belonging to that city withdraw their Hajj application. All applicants will be apprised tonight via mobile SMS, website, or the mobile App. However, the Sponsorship Scheme will continue by Sunday. Speaking on the occasion, Aneeq Ahmed said first time that the short Hajj is being facilitated by Pakistan. The religious minister of Pakistan said among the applicants, 56 percent are women and 44 percent are men. The minister said we will provide each pilgrim a Suitcase with QR code so that neither Haji nor Haji’s belongings get lost. He said each pilgrim will be provided a data bundle of 7 Gbs.

PEF, VU team up to impart IT courses to students enrolled on PEF schools LAHORE

Staff RepoRt

The Punjab Education Foundation (PEF) and the Virtual University (VU) of Pakistan on Friday joined hands to extend IT courses to secondarylevel students enrolled on PEF schools. Under the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), signed between the two organizations, students affiliated with PEF will receive specialized training in digital literacy, freelancing, and social media marketing under the guidance of Virtual University. The MOU signed by Mr Shahid Farid, Managing Director of Punjab Education Foundation and Prof Dr Arshad Bhatti, Rector of Virtual University.

Deputy Managing Director (Operation) Samina Nawaz, Director Research and Coordination Dr Nauman Jamil Khan, Dean of Virtual University Dr Mohsin Javed, and other officers participated in the signing ceremony.

No further import of wheat needed due to bumper crop: Food Minister g

Storage mismanagement became cause of fertiliser scarcity ISLAMABAD

Ghulam abbaS

The Caretaker Minister for National Food Security and Research, Dr. Kausar Abdullah Malik, affirmed Pakistan’s substantial wheat supply, indicating the country’s readiness to export key food items like wheat and rice.

He stated that there would be no need to import wheat as sufficient stock will be available following the bumper crop in the country.

Addressing the National Kissan Convention in Islamabad, Dr. Malik assured the attendees of the government’s commitment to implementing practical strategies to strengthen wheat productivity and bridge the productivity gap in the sector.

He emphasised agriculture as the cornerstone of the nation’s economy and pledged to swiftly overcome any obstacles

hindering its progress. Dr. Malik envisioned Pakistan evolving into an agriculture surplus country due to its burgeoning production potential.

Reassuring farmers, Dr. Kausar Abdullah Malik highlighted ongoing relentless efforts to support the country’s farming community.

He emphasised the robust wheat sowing, covering 22.17 million acres, ensuring a substantial reserve. He confirmed that there is currently no immediate need for additional wheat imports. Speaking on the urea crisis, he disclosed that 47,000 tons out of the required 200,000 tons had arrived in Karachi by December 20, successfully averting an imminent crisis. These announcements were made during the National Farmers Convention at the Jinnah Convention Center.

He stressed the urgency to rectify

storage mismanagement as a significant cause of fertiliser scarcity. He commended the collective efforts of provincial governments and specifically acknowledged the Pakistan Army’s involvement in addressing this agricultural challenge. Dr. Malik also highlighted the high-energy and cost-intensive nature of chemical fertiliser production.

Additionally, Dr. Malik highlighted a record rice yield of 9.3 million tons this year, anticipating substantial revenue of approximately $3 billion from rice exports.

He proudly noted Pakistan’s ascent to the 15th global position in agricultural exports, accumulating $207 million in the fiscal year and ranking as the 6th largest exporter.

Dr. Malik elaborated on the Ministry’s focus on rejuvenating income sources, particularly in revamping the poultry industry affected by soybean feed shortages.

Collaborating with the Ministry of Climate Change, initiatives are underway to expedite the industry’s resurgence.

He unveiled plans for an extensive collaborative effort with provinces to boost soybean cultivation, accompanied by the formulation of a national seed policy encompassing biotech-enhanced seeds, poised to usher in a new era of agricultural development.

The Ministry has initiated structured import and export lists for agricultural commodities and is actively training entities involved in these processes. Efforts are ongoing to restructure departments and enhance bilateral trade opportunities, aiming to integrate Animal Quarantine with Pakistan Single Window for streamlined livestock imports and exports. Additionally, initiatives are in place for environmental conservation through water conservation

projects, canal lining, and the introduction of bio-pesticides.

Dr. Malik emphasised the need to overcome historical limitations in both government and the private sector’s investment in agriculture, aiming to double investments. He highlighted the significance of collaborative corporate farming as a transformative solution for over 80% of small-scale farmers lacking access to modern techniques and machinery, envisioning a renaissance in the agricultural sector through this approach.

DESPITE ALL ODDS, PTI-P GEARS UP FOR ELECTIONS: MAHMOD KHAN Saturday, 30 December, 2023 | LAHORE

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SWAT

Syed Shahabuddin

ORMER Khyber Pakhtunkhwa chief minister and Vice Chairman of Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Parliamentarian (PTI-P) Mahmood Khan said that the election will be very difficult and voters will not be available due to the worsening law and order situation in southern districts and harsh weather in northern areas of the country.

“Despite deteriorating law and order situation and heavy snowfall in the northern areas, we are making preparations for the general elections in the light of the orders issued by the Supreme Court of Pakistan”, PTI-P Vice Chairman Mahmood Khan stated while talking exclusively to Pakistan Today at his residence in Matta Tehsil of Swat district.

Mahmood Khan claimed that manifesto and constitution of the PTI-P was ready and will be made public within a week. “Peace, development and prosperity are the main

PTA, HEC to raise awareness to prevent blasphemous activities on social media ISLAMABAD

Staff RepoRt

Pakistan Telecommunication Authority (PTA) and the Higher Education Commission (HEC) have agreed to enhance coordination for raising awareness among masses to prevent blasphemous activities on internet and social media. Chairman PTA Major General (Retd) Hafeez ur Rehman and Chairman HEC Dr. Mukhtar Ahmed during a meeting on Friday also concurred on disseminating the message among administration, faculty, and students of all universities. The aim was to encourage them to play an effective role in the noble cause of eradicating this menace from society, said a press release. Both sides expressed strong enthusiasm for deep collaboration and maximising outcome through joint academic ventures. Major General (Retd) Hafeez ur Rehman highly appreciated the initiative of HEC and said that PTA is fully committed to address the challenges related to responsible use of cyberspace.

In this regard, PTA has held consultative meetings with esteemed religious scholars of the country and is engaged with multiple international organizations like UNICEF, TikTok and Telenor Pakistan for the purpose.

The collaboration between HEC and PTA will pave the way to reduce circulation of unlawful content, activities over the internet and engaging youngsters in utilizing cyberspace for productive online activities.

points of our party’s manifesto because when there is peace, there will be development and when there is development, people will be prosperous.” “Apart from this, the province, the merged districts have been deprived of due right and we will be paying special focus on this issue”, he pointed out.

“When I was the chief minister, we had spent huge funds in the merged districts, but after our government, the journey of development has stopped there,” he claimed, adding the KP owed Rs250 billion in

outstanding dues to the federal government.

He further said that at present, all developmental projects were at a standstill in the province. “The health card has been stopped. The cards given to the landlords have been stopped and everything is going backwards.” “First of all, we have to fix this system otherwise nothing will be fixed.” he further said. Mahmood Khan said that there is no final word in politics and taking this into account, the PTI-P had started negotiations with various parties for

LHC suspends ATC order on declaring Fawad Ch as ‘proclaimed offender’ LAHORE

Staff RepoRt

The Lahore High Court (LHC) on Friday suspended an order by AntiTerrorism Court (ATC), declaring former federal minister Fawad Chaudhry ‘proclaimed offender.’

Justice Ali Baqar Najafi-led two-member bench heard the petition filed by former Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) leader against the ATC orders.

During the hearing, Fawad Chaudhry’s counsel argued that returning officer (RO) had rejected his client’s nomination papers on objection that the former minister had been declared ‘proclaimed offender’.

He maintained that his client was imprisoned in Adiala Jail, but still the Anti-Terrorism Court declared him a “PO”. “The court could have summoned Fawad by issuing a notice, but this was not done,” he added. “The ATC orders are contrary to the facts,” he said,

urging the LHC to annul the declaration. After hearing the arguments, the LHC suspended the ATC orders and issued notices to parties while adjourning the hearing till January 11.

Earlier on Dec 16, the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) arrested Fawad Chaudhry in a corruption case.

Fawad Chaudhry was arrested from Adiala Jail after NAB Chairman Lt-Gen (retd) Nazir Ahmed Butt signed the former’s arrest warrant.

This year in June, the former minister was among the PTI leaders who attended the launching ceremony of the Istihkam-ePakistan Party (IPP), which is headed by former PTI leader Jahangir Tareen.

COURT WRAPS UP SANAM JAVED’S PLEA AGAINST DETENTION Meanwhile, the Lahore High Court (LHC) has wrapped up Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI)

activist Sanam Javed’s plea against her detention.

The high court wrapped up Javed’s petition against her detention.

The lawyer apprised the court that the Deputy Commissioner (DC) Lahore took back detention orders against her.

The government lawyer also submitted the notification issued by the DC office. The PTI activist’s father Javed Iqbal had challenged the detention order. Earlier in the month, the Anti-Terrorism Court (ATC) had approved the bail of Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) activist Sanam Javed in a case of attack on police outside Zaman Park. The ATC approved the bail plea of PTI activist Sanam Javed and directed her to submit a bail bond of Rs200,000.

Sanam Javed’s lawyer in the court stated that after getting bail in one case, the police arrested her in another case. The lawyer requested the court to grant bail to Sanam Javed. It is pertinent to mention here that the PTI activist was arrested in a race-course police station case.

Gas reserves depleting by over 10% annually as demand continues increase ISLAMABAD

ahmad ahmadani

The Ministry for Energy (Petroleum Division) has disclosed that more than 10 percent of gas is depleted annually from reservoirs at different gas fields, while the demand for gas is increasing day by day. Power Division made this revelation on Friday during a meeting of the Senate Standing Committee on Petroleum chaired by Senator Mohammad Abdul Qadir.

The committee members discussed the suspension of gas supply in industrial units in the province of Sindh for two days a week, causing a production loss of 28 percent, as well as a delay in the completion of the supply.

The Ministry for Energy (Petroleum Division) officials briefed that every year, more than 10% of gas is depleted from reservoirs at different gas fields, while the demand for gas is increasing day by day. This year, SSGC (Sui Southern Gas Limited) is receiving around 90 MMCFD less gas compared to last year. The Secretary of the Ministry for Energy (Petroleum Division), Mohsin Agha, added that the decline has been continuous for the last 8 to 10 years, and they are looking forward to a comprehensive plan that would scrutinize policymaking.

The committee members conducted a thorough analysis of supply statistics and gas depletion over the years. They recommended the Ministry for Energy officers (Petroleum Division) to address the discrepancies for conclusive results Furthermore, the officers from the ministry provided a briefing on LPG rates, explaining that

NEWS

OGRA (Oil and Gas Regulatory Authority) determines LPG prices for producers, the margin of MCs (Marketing Companies), and consumers.

The pricing is based on various parameters, including the producers’ price per metric ton, which is determined monthly according to the Saudi Aramco Contract Price (40% Propane: 60% Butane). The distribution margin is fixed at Rs. 35,000 per metric ton, equivalent to Rs. 413 per cylinder.

Additionally, there is a petroleum levy on indigenous production at Rs. 4,669 per metric ton, translating to Rs. 55 per cylinder. GST, previously at 17% and now increased to 18% since February 2023, applies to the aforementioned parameters. The officers also clarified that the compilation of these figures makes up consumer price.

Additionally, The Secretary of the Ministry for Energy (Petroleum Division) added that they are actively exploring indigenous sources and will address infrastructure constraints in their efforts to stabilize gas prices.

The Chairman of OGRA, Masroor Khan, provided the committee members with a briefing on the reasons behind the increase in oil and gas prices.

Senator Saadia Abbasi pointed out that the rise in cylinder prices is attributed to the taxes imposed on people.

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electoral alliance and seat adjustment at the provincial level.

“In this context, we have also had discussions under the leadership of Parvez Khan Khattak and we hope this phase will be completed by January 11.”

“My personal wish is that we should go for the seat adjustment, but if not, we will pin our hopes on all the constituencies.” he said. He said that Parvez Khattak was the Chief Minister of this province for five years and I have served the people of this province for four and a half years and we will enter the elections based on our performance and form the government in this province. He further said that he had submitted nomination papers from three national constituencies and one provincial constituency of Swat and he will decide on one of the national constituencies as per the wishes of our people.

PTI core committee condemns custodial torture of Qureshi, demands immediate release ISLAMABAD

Staff RepoRt

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI) core committee vehemently denounced the manhandling, custodial torture and mistreatment meted out to PTI Vice Chairman Shah Mehmood Qureshi during his rearrest and after Supreme Court (SC) granted him bail in the cipher case, demanding his immediate release and strict action against those found guilty in despicable act. PTI core committee, in its meeting, also strongly condemned the ongoing worst attempts of pre-election rigging under the supervision and patronage of returning officers across the country, especially in Punjab. The forum decried the use of the state machinery in sheer violation of law against PTI’s candidates during verification and scrutiny process of their nomination papers. They termed the detentions of the seconders and proposers PTI’s candidates despite clear court orders to prevent them from freely participating in the elections as a murder of democracy. The participants strongly condemned the shameful plan to keep the PTI candidates away from voters and supporters by entangling them in lengthy legal battle, as seemingly Returning Officers consisting of Administrative Officers of very controversial reputation and character were tasked to raise fabricated, bogus and baseless groundless objections on the nomination papers of PTI’ candidates. They said that ECP was responsible for its failure to take remedial measures to thwart the worst election engineering attempts through the illegal and unconstitutional activities of the returning officers. The forum lamented that the electoral watchdog snatched the electoral symbol of “bat” from PTI to force the country’s largest political party out of the political and democratic process instead of ensuring a level playing field and fulfilling its constitutional duty to hold free, fair, impartial and transparent elections. They demanded that the Supreme Court should devise an effective mechanism to monitor the entire process, especially ECP and the decisions/actions of its appointed election staff, in order to complete the election process in a transparent manner in accordance with the constitution and law. PTI Core Committee noted that PDM leaders, especially the leaders of Awami National Party and JUI-F and the president of PMLN carried out organized attack on a certain section of the judiciary due to their fear of worst defeat in the elections. They recalled that it was their shameful history to carry out attacks on state institutions, especially the judiciary, adding that they launched organized campaign against the judiciary in a desperate attempt to harass the judges committed to the Constitution to force them to delay or deviate from justice. The forum made it clear that despite all the state atrocities and gross interference in the fair and transparent elections, the workers were directed to remain completely calm and focus their full attention on the preparations for the February 8 elections. The PTI core committee asked the people to be ready at the individual and collective level to exercise their right to vote in order to inflict humiliating and crushing defeat on those who plunged in the country into myriad problems.

04 COMMENT

Shadow Economy: Sector of Survival

Saturday, 30 December, 2023

PTI remains tangled

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The party remains tangled in legal battles even if it wins them

It keeps the country going

HE PTI faces legal battles aplenty, ranging from the trial of its Chairman Imran Khan and ViceChairman Shah Mahmood Qureshi under the Official Secrets Act over a diplomatic cipher to the detention of a number of women activists for the May 9 actions. The latest developments have indicated that the PTI has won some victories, but still remains embattled, and thus unable to concentrate on the real battle ahead, the one which will be fought in the ballot box on February 8. Some skirmishes in that connection have begun, before returning officers, and there too it remains to be seen how much the PTI is given the level playing field it has claimed is being denied it.

Where the PTI’s legal team has managed to stop Mr Khan’s and Mr Qureshi’s trial after the acceptance of an application to the Islamabad High Court, the Returning Officer for NA 122 has reserved judgement on the application by the PML(N) candidate against Mr Khan’s papers, where the objection was raised that Mr Khan had been convicted in the Toshakhana case, and though his sentence had been suspended, his conviction had not. If the judgement goes against him, the certainty that Mr Khan will not contest will damage the party’s prospects.

While the party will benefit from the permission given by the Islamabad High Court for Mr Khan to be consulted over the allotment of tickets, it really needs him out on the campaign trail.

One of the more appealing pieces of good news for the PTI has been the release of fashion designer Khadija Shah, who obtained bail from an Ant-terrorism Court in Quetta, in a case of muder and attempted murder. She had originally been arrested in cases involving the June 9 attacks. Her case had drawn attention because she was the grand-daughter of of a former COAS and daughter of a former caretaker federal minister, but had evolved into a symbol of the travails of the party because of the May 9 incidents and the plight of a number of female prisoners who had been arrested in that connection. She had obtained bail from the trial court in all the cases, but was then arrested by the Quetta police. With her bail now, she has finally been released after an odyssey of over six months. The PTI is facing a bleak immediate future, but the court victory here and there shows that it should not lose all hope.

Khushal Khan

HE informal economy, an important aspect of every existing economy, varies in scale in developed and underdeveloped countries.

This sector can often be found on a large scale in underdeveloped countries and vice versa. However, the characteristics vary from country to country, but some universal characteristics are prominent everywhere, that the sector will be untaxed, poor, unregulated, and unrecorded. The International Labor Organization (ILO) defines informal economy thus: “The term “informal economy” refers to all economic activities by workers and economic units that are– in law or in practice– not covered or insufficiently covered by formal arrangements”.

Pakistan's economy is on the brink of collapse and it is a tragedy, for the household, if not in the documents. Survival is getting harder with each passing month. This is true and must be accepted if one wants to survive and improve. Market forces are committed to increasing the labour force but less concerned about economic growth. Fortunately, and unfortunately, 36 percent of Pakistan's economy is undocumented and informal, which has always served a large segment of the population that falls under the lower and middle socioeconomic classes. The purpose of this study is to discuss the potential in Pakistan's informal economy and how its structure can help us.

The shadow economy has proved to be a blessing and a boon to the global economy. Mostly it operates in underdeveloped economies, and is also called the shadow economy. As the ILO mentions, about 60 percent of the population is benefiting from the shadow economy. Additionally, the sector accounts for more than 40 percent of Pakistan's GDP and employs 75 percent of the country's labour force. In addition, more than 90 percent of the country's businesses, with 50 or fewer employees, operate informally in the country's shadow economy, the Asian Development Bank said.

Despite all the good things, the sector has always suffered and never received enough attention. All these have negative images and stereotypes. Hearing this term, one imagines an old bazaar filled with filth and obscenities. The state tried to regularize it, but it ended in criminalizing it. Instead of facilitating the stakeholders, who are mostly street vendors, self-employed, small and medium businesses and micro- and agri- enterprises, the state institutions are a constant torment for the Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) engaged in Pakistan's informal economy. However, this sector, as mentioned above, is contributing more than the formal sector, providing jobs and income opportunities to highly unskilled workers who we already know are a burden on the state. Because Pakistan has a large proportion of unskilled workers in its workforce.

The market is facing several challenges which pose a major threat to the sustainability of the informal market and especially the people in the market.

Dedicated to the legacy of late Hameed Nizami

Arif Nizami (Late) Founding Editor

Yousaf Nizami

World Order and Xi Jinping Editor Umar Aziz M. A. Niazi

Executive Editor

Joint Editor

China has goals for 2050

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Rashid MehMood

N today's world, nations are not fighting for international supremacy but for different models of global order. China and Western countries offer their own democracies and models, and the real battle is not for democracies or autocracies. Xi is a lifelong practitioner of Chinese politics. He is approximately 70 years old and wou8ld like to lead his country for the rest of his life. He is poised to remain China's paramount leader until the late 2030s. Since assuming power in 2012, he has made national security a central paradigm in all affairs of its governance. By national security, Xi meant that everything falls under national security, whether it is politics, economy, culture and environment, cyberspace, defence or even the deep sea.

Xi Jinping has played a tremendous role in the contemporary world order. In one of his speeches in April 2022 at the Boao Forum for Asia in Hainan province, he articulated that the world needs the Global Security Initiatives (GSI). His slogan shook the world about the foreign policy of China.

Later, the scholars summed up that it had directly challenged the USA, its alliance and its partners. China's mission is to expand its economic clout using the Belt and Road Initiative. Since its launch in 2013, Xi has brought dozens of nations closer to Beijing.

The Belt and Road Initiative is a powerful example of Xi in the global world order. An ambitious trillion-dollar project linking China to the rest of Asia, Africa and Europe, this project not only connects different nations but also helps boost the Chinese economy to export its items to other countries.

Xi made his vision for China even clearer

in 2017 when he outlined his plans to turn China into one of the world's most advanced economic and military powers by 2050 in a speech to the Chinese Communist Party's 19th Congress.

That same year, "Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era" was enshrined in China's constitution. Since then, China has sought to introduce language from the political theory bearing Xi's name into U.N. resolutions.

The world sees the spectacles of conflict between the USA and China over trade, the status of Taiwan, technology, and semiconductor exports to China. However, Xi is well aware of these issues and struggles to expand Chinese military muscle. Many Western scholars have their views that Xi pushed his politics to the Leninist left, economy to the Marxist left, and foreign policy to the nationalist right. The USA and the Western alliances are fearful of XI owing to these strategies.

Xi wants to see China as a preeminent Asian and global power by 2049; to do this, Xi quantified a few benchmarks in 2017 that the country may achieve by 20235. These goals include a medium level developed economy, and modernization of Chinese defence and its armed forces.

Taiwan is the red line for Xi's diplomacy, and it

At the domestic level, it seems a duty and is certainly a culture for certain state agencies (police, levies, and municipal corporations etc.) to harass traders and obstruct commercial activities. The police and local bodies are widely involved in accepting bribes from traders to conduct their business activities in the market, and the money collected has no way into the national exchequer.

However, the market is being affected by some people in the state departments only because the state has failed to provide a proper framework for the market. Moreover, this harassment has a huge impact on the certainty of the market and the prices and sustainability of the businesses involved. In addition, such informal interventions by state departments are responsible for the immorality of the market and the self-respect of traders, as they are not criminals but are still treated as equals and this is a big turn-off for all those who can afford to trade in the market, but they fear the harassment of the state. This scenario has led to a decline in the economic productivity and efficiency of the informal sector.

This sector does not have access to social programmes. Limited access to credit, lack of adequate business knowledge and planning, high competition in the local market, lack of skilled manpower and technology, and high cost of raw materials and equipment are preventing the sector from contributing to its full potential. Moreover, the sector has always suffered from social insecurity in the long term and poor governance in the short term. Stereotypes and negative views of the informal economy are damaging the self-esteem of stakeholders. There is no incentive to stay in the market and plenty to leave the market.

Pakistan is undermining the most potential sector of the economy through sector-oriented policies.

Business-specific and overly focused state policies have undermined the productivity and sustainability of the informal market. Pakistan's shadow economy has the full strength and potential to boost

Lahore – Ph: 042-36300938, 042-36375965

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Karachi – Ph: 021-35381208-9

The writer is a student of MS Governance and Public Policy at National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, and can be reached at Khusshaal@gmail.com

The state should first take responsibility for providing and then demand returns from the sector, state policies should be inclusive. It is recommended to develop common facilities and spaces and provide infrastructure to improve the operating environment. Provide a suitable platform to connect the informal with the formal market to access a wider customer base and encourage business networks and associations for collective bargaining power. Also, it is recommended that the sector be encouraged to produce quality products and then market them for export.

Enhancing the skills of informal workers to improve productivity and product quality. Financial inclusion is essential for the sustainability of the sector and workers. Microfinance programmes designed to meet the needs of small-scale businesses in the sector must be launched

Editor’s mail

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E-mail: letters@pakistantoday.com.pk Letters should be addressed to Pakistan Today exclusively

Gas outages

THE supply of natural gas to Rabia City in Karachi’s Gulistan-i-Jauhar area has been in a bad shape for a significantly long period. Supply shutdowns are in effect from noon to 5pm and then again from 10pm to 7am daily. Consumers who pay their gas bills on tie are understandably furious. The management of Sui Southern Gas Company (SSGC) should take stringent action against those involved in gas theft or those who fail to pay their bills on time. It is crucial not to punish the entire community for the unlawful actions of a few. This is simply against any principle of ethics.

SYED SADAQAT HUSSAIN KARACHI

Linguistic harmony

strategy and regards Putin's military adventure in Ukraine as a significant step towards its strategy as this statement meant for the West and USA his tilt towards Russia in the global world order.

Xi had taken the personal initiative to restore diplomatic ties between Iran and Saudi Arabia.

This step makes it seem that Xi intends to expand China’s exports in both countries and to lessen the U.S. influence in Saudi Arabia.The USA pushed India to retake its Ladakh border from China. Tension grew between China and India in the region that killed 20 Indian soldiers. However, Xi resolved the issue of keeping India as a geostrategic partner in the South Asian box with the lid on light. Xi ordered the expansion of business-as-usual diplomacy to promote trade and commerce with India.

In short, Xi has faced numerous challenges within and without China, but he still demonstrated a distinctive leadership style and established personal dominance in the party and led China as a prosperous nation since he took charge as President.

Xi had taken the personal initiative to restore diplomatic ties between Iran and Saudi Arabia. This step makes it seem that Xi intends to expand China’s exports in both countries and to lessen the U.S. influence in Saudi Arabia.The USA pushed India to retake its Ladakh border from China. Tension grew between China and India in the region that killed 20 Indian soldiers. However, Xi resolved the issue of keeping India as a geostrategic partner in the South Asian box with the lid on light. Xi ordered the expansion of business-as-usual diplomacy to promote trade and commerce with India. Xi has faced numerous challenges within and without China, but he still demonstrated a distinctive leadership style and established personal dominance in the party and led China as a prosperous nation since he took charge as President can lead both the USA and China to war, but China has yet to make any decision to go to war.

Xi wants to avoid war, but when it comes to war, Xi will use his power.

In his visit to Moscow in March 2023, Xi reaffirmed that Xi's views on the Sino-Russian relationship are a crucial piece of his grand

exports to help Pakistan recover from its financial and balance of payments crises. Bad governance and inadequate policies have widened the trust deficit and created avenues for corruption. Bureaucratic corruption has made it easy for the sector to remain alienated and not enter the tax net and formal economy.

The state should first take responsibility for providing and then demand returns from the sector, state policies should be inclusive. It is recommended to develop common facilities and spaces and provide infrastructure to improve the operating environment.

Provide a suitable platform to connect the informal with the formal market to access a wider customer base and encourage business networks and associations for collective bargaining power. Also, it is recommended that the sector be encouraged to produce quality products and then market them for export. Enhancing the skills of informal workers to improve productivity and product quality. Financial inclusion is essential for the sustainability of the sector and workers. Microfinance programmes designed to meet the needs of small-scale businesses in the sector must be launched.

The writer is a freelance columnist based in Islamabad. He can be reached at rashidmehmoodkayani@gmail.com

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Islamabad – Ph: 051-2204545

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LANGUAGE serves as a powerful medium for expressing feelings, emotions, and thoughts, facilitating communication world wide. With nearly 7,000 languages spoken globally, the seamless functioning of the world relies on effective communication. In Pakistan alone, there are approximately 77 languages, including Punjabi, Saraiki, Sindhi, Balochi, Pashtuni, and Gilgiti, though only a few are prominently highlighted.

The central question arises: why are some languages preferred while others are suppressed? This issue persists, leading to the undervaluation of individuals based on their linguistic background. Whether it’s a Sindhi in Punjab or a Punjabi in Sindh, the pattern of underrating prevails. This long standing problem raises concerns about when this cycle of linguistic bias will cease.

In my perspective, this phenomenon is a deliberate conspiracy perpetuated by politicians, such as “Wadera” and “Sardar,” to perpetuate their influence in society. Despite the prevalence of knowledge across Pakistan, it is crucial for individuals with progressive mindsets to emerge as leaders.

The burgeoning youth with evolving perspectives needs to take charge to eliminate these destructive patterns.

It is evident that Pakistan requires visionary leaders who can address these issues comprehensively. As we move towards dismissing divisive mindsets, our collective thinking should work towards the betterment of OUR PAKISTAN, transcending city and provincial affiliations. The call is for a unified front, where individuals contribute to a cleaner, more cohesive Pakistan.

SAOOD ALI KHAN BAHAWALPUR

Neglected road

AN important road linking Badin with Mirpurkhas, Umerkot and Tharparkar is in a bad shape after years of neglect. The Asian Develo-pment Bank approved the construction and rehabilitation of the road, but the formalities have remained ‘in progress’ without there being any actual progress worth its name. The residents of Pangrio and surrounding vicinities are facing a lot of trouble. The higher authorities should speed up the process for the construction of the neglected road.

DR MUHAMMAD ASHRAF MEMON HYDERABAD

Cancer treatment

THE rather backward Balochistan province has no cancer treatment facility, and patients have to be taken to Karachi and other cities when hospitalisation is needed. The province that has been neglected in multiple areas over the last decades needs a cancer facility rather urgently.

LIAQUAT K B KHUZDAR

Web: www.pakistantoday.com.pk

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Email: editorial@pakistantoday.com.pk

Saturday, 30 December, 2023

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COMMENT 05

Bangladesh’s crucial election

ingful. The people of the country will exercise their right to vote by removing all obing the election competitive is now every- leadership of Bangabandhu in the 1970 elec- stacles, the elections will be fair and one's goal. People of the country will partic- tions prepared the stage for the liberation war. participatory. The continuity of the country's ipate in this election spontaneously. The Victory in the 1970 elections under the lead- constitution and democracy will remain inership of Bangabandhu could not be called a tact. This is desirable. election is going through all obstacles.

Bangladesh is now self-sufficient in By nature, Bengalis are a celebratory na- separatist movement. Therefore, the BNP food.

The Garment and manpower sectors tion, so there is no end to the enthusiasm boycott cannot be accepted as a wise decision. around elections. Elections are also important The world is playing another geopolitical are increasing foreign exchange earnings. for the development and progress of the coun- game with the upcoming elections. The USA Bangladesh ranks second in shrimp export try. In this case, the decision to boycott the is brazenly interfering in our elections. This in the world. Also, another sector of election is considered against the country and unwarranted interference in the internal af- Bangladesh's foreign exchange earnings is the people. It is regrettable that not only boy- fairs of an independent and sovereign state peacekeeping missions.

The gradual development and achievecotts, but also rarson-murder-killing-terror and cannot be accepted in any way. The USA is threatening sanctions with baseless fanciful ment of Bangladesh is the reason for the disanarchy have been used to prevent elections.

We have seen police killings in broad allegations of subtle rigging. But Bangladesh affection of some anti-liberation forces. These daylight on highways, burning of passenger is an independent sovereign nation, which got anti-development forces want to take Bangladesh backward. buses, which is never acThey have not brought ceptable in a civilized soany welfare to this country ciety. But the BNP and will not bring it in the continues to wreak havoc Even in the midst of various problems and crises, including arson, future. The people of the with the sudden demand country need to be careful the country will move forward by arranging this, including the for a so-called caretaker and aware about them. government. But the election. All concerned must behave responsibly so that the The progress that Supreme Court of the Bangladesh has made is elections to be held on 7 January 2024 can be free, fair and country struck down the evident in terms of visible caretaker government with A fair election can give a new direction to the nation. impartial. development.

It has built the consent of the Fifteenth Amendment ( Prevention of corruption, increasing absolute tolerance, practising Padma Setu with its own money. Besides, metro rail passed on 10 May 2011) democracy, strengthening the electoral system, accountable in Dhaka, Bangabandhu and all major parties.

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman public administration, effective parliament - above all, the new Now there is no option tunnel, railway line up to to opt through the caretaker should focus on fulfilling the public expectations government Cox's Bazar, elevated exgovernment structure for pressway etc. are unique constitutional obligations. achievements of the govBecause it will weaken the ernment. obligation of the constituPayra seaport, Matarbari power plant, tion. Therefore, where the entire nation is freedom in exchange for the blood of three moving forward along the election roadmap, million martyrs. It is not beholden to anyone; Rampal power plant and many more mega projects are waiting for inauguration in the the BNP is gradually falling behind and be- it will make its own decisions.

The country will not run according to the near future. These achievements are the coming isolated. The general population is peaceful, and do not like anything destructive. prescription of any foreign power. The gov- product of good governance. On the other Therefore, the weapon of strike blockade has ernment system will change as per rules. hand, the government has provided electricalso become blunt. Elections have acted as an Bangladesh has a constitution, on the basis ity to the rural areas of the country.

The country is gradually moving towards indicator of national awakening and direc- of which the country will move forward. digitalization.

The labour market export rate tional change. For example, the victory of Bangladesh is now moving forward along is increasing day by day. Housing is ensured Haque-Bhasani-Suhrawardy in the 'United the development roadmap.

It is transitioning from a low-income coun- for every homeless citizen through Asharyan Front' elections of 1954 was a blow against try to a middle-income country. Sheikh Hasina scheme. In order to continue these developthe Pakistani regime.

Bengali self-identity played a role as a announced the outline of Smart Bangladesh by ments, it is essential to maintain continuity in regulator of identification and individual iden- 2041. Bangladesh is going to reach the level of the governance of the country.

Some opposition coalitions know that tification. The participation and absolute vic- a developed country by 2039.

The next election will surely be mean- they cannot come to power through normal tory of Bangladesh Awami League under the constitutional processes, so they want to

Upcoming polls will determine democratic and sustainable development

Anup SinhA

HE upcoming national election is now a hot topic in Bangladesh.

There is no end to people's enthusiasm around the upcoming 12th National Assembly elections which are scheduled to be held on January 7. Out of the 44 parties registered with the Election Commission, 27 parties are participating in the elections this time.

The participation of 27 parties actually implies a participatory, competitive and contested election. There is no pressure, many parties have come to the polls with independent decisions. It is clear that the 12th National Assembly elections will become competitive and contested. Already there are candidates of 27 registered parties including Awami League, Jatiya Party and many independent candidates in 300 seats.

Therefore, it is visible that there is no shortage of people’s enthusiasm around the elections. In 300 seats, the total number of candidates from various parties and independents stands at 1,896. Trinamool BNP and BNM are in the election. Meanwhile, multiple independent candidates are electing in all the constituencies.

The EC is preparing to complete the polls properly to fulfill the country’s constitutional obligation. The President has authorized the deployment of the army to conduct the elections in a peaceful manner. Already 66 returning officers and 592 assistant returning officers have been appointed. Voting will be held in about 42,000 centres. The EC has also finalized the constituency-wise voter list.

This election is significant for several reasons. The 12th National Assembly election is adding a different dimension to the scenario of various incidents and dramas.

Since the exercise of suffrage is essential to the institutionalization of democracy and constitutions, without elections there is no transition to a modern welfare state. So common people participate in voting, and mak-

destabilize the country by resorting to subterfuge. They are muddying the waters to come to power through the back door.

By boycotting the 2014 elections, the BNP has become isolated from the people.

This time, the plan to boycott the election will take the BNP further away from the people. Mandates are a natural way to change power, but some opposition coalitions seek to manipulate elections through so-called caretaker governments to come to power.

In the past we have seen elections through four caretaker government systems, is it 100 percent neutral? No one can be impartial except the mentally retarded. Elections under a caretaker government are not guaranteed to be 100 percent neutral.

Incidentally, where there is an Election Commission, why the question of a caretaker government arises - in the USA or India, no one disagrees with the change of power with the Election Commission, there is no question. So why do we talk so much?

The real thing is the practice and implementation of democracy. Don't they want our society to become more civilized and sophisticated according to the rules of democracy?

And there are examples of elections without some opposition parties in various countries in Asia and Africa. And here independent candidates with 27 parties are also a force. So, the next election will surely be meaningful. The people of the country will exercise their right to vote by removing all obstacles, the elections will be fair and participatory. The continuity of the country's constitution and democracy will remain intact. This is desirable.

Even in the midst of various problems and crises, including arson, the country will move forward by arranging this, including the election. All concerned must behave responsibly so that the elections to be held on 7 January 2024 can be free, fair and impartial. A fair election can give a new direction to the nation. Prevention of corruption, increasing absolute tolerance, practising democracy, strengthening the electoral system, accountable public administration, effective parliament - above all, the new government should focus on fulfilling the public expectations.

External debt is strangling In the US, Arabs and Muslims are once again cast as suspect the poorest countries The 24 lowest-income nations could see their debt-servicing costs rise by 39% between 2023 and 2024, according to the latest World Bank report

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EL PAIS

LuiS EnriquE VELAScO

HE money that the world’s poorest countries need to open schools, build bridges and modernize hospitals is increasingly more expensive and difficult to obtain. Over the last decade, low- and middle-income countries have accumulated significant external debt and, consequently, have made a shift towards less conventional sources of financing that charge more interest, such as bilateral loans with China. Developing countries, for example, spent a record $443 billion to service their external and publicly guaranteed debt in 2022 — 5% more than in 2021. This took place against the backdrop of the biggest rise in interest rates in four decades. That’s according to the World Bank’s annual report on external debt, which warns that in order to meet their debt payments, low-income countries have had to make cuts in other critical areas such as public health, education, and infrastructure.

In 2022, the combined external debt stock of the 75 countries that can access credits granted by the International Development Association (IDA) — the World Bank institution that provides support to the poorest nations — rose to an all-time high of $1.1 trillion, more than double the figure in 2012. Interest payments have also quadrupled in the last 10 years, reaching a record $23.6 billion in 2022. However, according to the World Bank, the situation could worsen between 2023 and 2024, with the debt-servicing costs for the 24 poorest countries expected to rise by 39%.

“These developments constitute a grave danger to prospects for progress on global development goals. Developing countries today also confront higher energy prices, steeper interest rates, and geopolitical turmoil in key regions of the world,” the study warns. In the past three years alone, the number of sovereign debt defaults in these countries has surged to 18, which, according to the World Bank, outstrips the total of the previous two decades.

The World Bank states that in developing countries, new external loan commitments to public and publicly guaranteed entities fell 23% to $371 billion, the lowest level in a decade. For the first time since 2015, private creditors collected more in principal repayments than they disbursed in loans, totalling $185 billion. New bond issuance by low-or middle income countries fell by half, while for IDA-eligible

countries, it fell by more than 75%.

The indebted countries have had to deal with several battle fronts at the same time: first, the risk that loans with variable interest rates will suddenly increase, since more than a third of the external debt of these nations belongs to this type. Second, they face the payment of accrued interest for sticking to programs that allowed them to suspend payments during the Covid-19 pandemic. And finally, the constant threat of the dollar appreciating or exports falling.

PAUSE IN INTEREST RATE RISES In mid-March 2022, the U.S. Federal Reserve began a race to calm the general price increases caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine. It did so by making access to credit more expensive, taking rates to the range of 5.25%5.50%, the highest seen in the last 22 years. Other central banks, including the European Central Bank, followed suit.

More than a year and a half later, the goal appears to have been achieved: inflation is beginning to moderate. However, along the way, developing countries have found that accessing credit from traditional multilateral entities has become more expensive than ever before.

“Record debt levels and high interest rates have set many countries on a path to crisis,” said Indermit Gill, the World Bank Group’s chief economist and senior vicepresident, who emphasizes that debt has become an almost paralyzing burden for these economies. Currently, 60% of lowincome countries are at high risk of debt distress or are already in this situation.

It appears that interest rates will stabilize in the future. The U.S. Federal Reserve committee updated its forecasts for 2024 a few weeks ago and all signs indicate that the entity will cut rates by 0.75 points until the end of the year, which would, in part, deflate the price of future debt. For the European Central Bank, the forecast is similar.

The first rate cuts in Europe could arrive in March or June. However, until these decisions are implemented, countries will have to face an unfavorable credit scenario.

World Bank sources point out that transparency is crucial to improve debt management and its sustainability. “The first step in avoiding a crisis is having a clear picture of the challenge,” said Haishan Fu, Chief Statistician of the World Bank and Director of the World Bank’s Development Data Group.

THE CHINESE BANK Between 2012 and 2022, commitments from China to public and publicly guaranteed borrowers in low- and middle-income countries totaled $254 billion. The Asian giant’s loans were directed primarily to oilproducing states, its regional neighbors and those along the Belt and Road corridor, as well as mineral-rich nations and countries in sub-Saharan Africa.

The report details that China’s commitments increased rapidly in the first half of the decade, reaching $52 billion in 2016.

Of this amount, 57% went to sub-Saharan countries. However, transactions fell to a record low of $5.4 billion in 2022.

The writer is a freelance columnist

An Islamophobic smear campaign aimed at silencing pro-Palestinian voices is inciting hatred and violence against our communities

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AL JAZEERA

OSAmA Abu irShAid

OR 80 days, Israel has been waging war on the Palestinians in Gaza with full diplomatic, economic and military support from the US government. The Israeli army has killed 21,000 people, carrying out what legal scholars agree amounts to a genocide and committing countless other war crimes and crimes against humanity.

Yet, rising moral outrage in the United States and across the world is being met with dangerous smear campaigns that weaponise racism to silence the Palestinian freedom movement.

Fuelled by and fuelling Islamophobia and anti-Palestinianism, extreme rhetoric has abetted unprecedented violations of Palestinian, Arab and Muslim American civil rights and even deadly violence against members of these communities.

But the negative repercussions of this bigoted repression are not limited to Palestinians, Arabs and Muslims; rather they threaten fundamental moral and civic values that are the basis of democracy.

SLANDER AND WITCH HUNTS Over the past two and a half months, we have seen massive street demonstrations, open letters of condemnation, public resignations of officials, and other protest actions aimed at calling for a ceasefire, equal rights for Palestinians, and accountability for war crimes.

But this mobilisation has been countered by attempts to portray the pro-Palestinian movement and any critique of Israel’s genocide as “anti-Semitic” and supportive of violence or terrorism.

While these tactics are not new, this campaign has expanded in scale and scope to the point that it resembles a McCarthyist witch-hunt, relentlessly targeting Palestinian, Arab and Muslim Americans in particular, as well as allies who have stood against the US-funded violence and apartheid policies of Israel.

Since October, thousands of individuals have fallen victim to this broad-brush smear campaign. On US university campuses, student activists have been disciplined by administrators, have had their student groups banned, have been doxxed on the internet, have had their faces and names plastered on billboards with false, defamatory captions, and have lost job offers. Others who oppose genocide have been pressured to stay silent, faced threats, encountered intimidation and harassment online and in the streets, and endured economic repercussions, including the loss of employment. But this persecution has not been limited to the private sec-

tor and online spaces; it has also extended into the halls of power.

In November, a hearing was held in the US Congress in which “witnesses” falsely alleged that US-registered charities, including the ones I am the director of – American Muslims for Palestine (AMP) and Americans for Justice in Palestine Action (AJP Action) – are “providing support” to Palestinian resistance groups.

These false allegations extended to the absurd claim that these organisations have called for a “genocide against Israel”.

Members of Congress who have spoken out against Israel’s atrocities or who have simply met with their constituents as part of annual “Palestine Advocacy Days” were also named and shamed during the hearing.

These malevolent “testimonies” seek to make our political contributions and voices toxic in the halls of power by spreading lies and pushing Islamophobic tropes that rely on decades of anti-Palestinian, anti-Arab and anti-Muslim biases.

It is one thing to fight against slander and misinformation in the media, but it is another – and fundamentally more troubling – to be attacked with false accusations in Congress. That these testimonies containing false and bigoted claims were allowed to proceed shows the utter failure of our public institutions to protect Americans’ right to dissent at a time when our tax dollars are being used to support Israel’s genocide in Gaza.

ISLAMOPHOBIA AND VIOLENCE These defamatory, suppressive tactics have dangerous consequences. They fuel hatred and encourage people to act upon it. According to the New York State Division of Homeland Security and Emergency Services, there has been a 417 percent increase in hate speech against Muslims since the war began.

Civil rights groups like Palestine Legal and the Council on American-Islamic Relations (CAIR) have also reported an unprecedented number of anti-Palestinian and anti-Muslim attacks and discriminatory incident complaints over the past two months. They have seen a more than 200 percent increase compared with the previous year, and this is likely an undercount.

There have been not only verbal attacks and harassment but deadly physical violence, as well. On October 14, Wadea al-Fayoume, a six-year-old Palestinian American child, was stabbed 26 times with a military knife by a man who was shouting, “You Muslims must die”; his mother was stabbed a dozen times but survived.

On November 25, three Palestinian students were shot for speaking Arabic and wearing keffiyehs; all three sustained injuries from gunshot wounds, and one is now paralysed from the chest down. A member of our own staff, Neveen Ayesh, was shot at in her car and her home was broken into on November 11.

Apart from inciting violence and intimidation against Palestinian, Arab and Muslim Americans, the smear campaigns are reinvigorating the post-9/11 atmosphere of suspicion, mass surveillance and collective victimisation.

For decades, we have worked to ex-

pose the racism and double standards of successive presidential administrations and their anti-Muslim policies – from the watch lists and entrapment schemes, to the registries and bans.

We have demonstrated the waste of millions of taxpayer funds for programmes and initiatives that have targeted and deeply traumatised our communities, but produced no results in “improving national security”. We have fought to ensure that no community is disproportionately policed and surveilled, no matter what they look like or where they come from.

As pro-Israel groups wage a defamation war on our communities in order to obfuscate and distract public attention from Israel’s crimes in Gaza, we risk losing that progress towards an inclusive, anti-racist democracy, as slander and lies overcome truth.

That is why we call on media outlets, politicians, and progressive leaders to be vigilant about anti-Arab and anti-Muslim tropes that imagine our communities as extensions of governments or political groups in the Middle East, portray us as inherently suspect, and thereby endanger us.

There are three important ways to counter this smear campaign. First, we must recognise the long history of antiArab and anti-Muslim racism and Islamophobia in the US and elsewhere, alongside other racism and criminalisation.

Second, we must protect the right of individuals to speak up for Palestinian rights and defy attempts to impose a Palestine exception to free speech.

And third, we must echo our pro-peace Jewish allies in demanding that criticism of Israel and Zionism are not conflated with anti-Semitism. Our common fight against anti-Semitism must not be weaponised to fuel Islamophobia and censor voices for justice in Palestine. This issue must become an urgent, core part of any anti-racist and progressive agenda – or else we risk allowing anyone’s right to free speech to be undermined.

History teaches us that campaigns of suppression, slander and bigoted attacks may start with minority groups like Palestinians, Arabs and Muslims, but they do not stop there. These efforts create the social and legal template for repression of all political dissent.

That is why, we, American Muslims, and all voices supporting the rights of the Palestinian people, must act together as a bulwark against attempts to reproduce dark eras of history – when the murder and victimisation of racialised “others” was justified, and when the truth was lost to war-mongering propaganda.

Our ability to uphold the Palestinians’ right to protest the genocide – and the right of moral people to stand with them – is a fundamental test of our commitment to justice, equal rights and freedom for all.

We cannot compromise on these values.

Osama Abu Irshaid is the Executive Director and a board member of Americans for Justice in Palestine Action (AJP Action) and American Muslims for Palestine (AMP).

06 NEWS

Saturday, 30 December, 2023 | LAHORE

India’s far-right cow vigilantes bolster clout before high-stake elections INDIA

REUTERS

Vishnu Dabad attributes his rise from poverty to powerful local politician to an animal: the cow.

The 30-year-old is one of many Gau Rakshaks, or cow protectors: activists who have taken Indian laws banning cattle slaughter and beef consumption into their own hands since Prime Minister Narendra Modi came to power in 2014 at the head of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP).

Scores of cow protectors in recent years have been accused of using violence to carry out extra-judicial activities, often finding themselves at odds with law enforcement, even as many won acclaim for defending the Hindu faith. Now some of these operatives are transferring their clout into grassroots political power, where they are pursuing a hardline majoritarian agenda, according to interviews with more than 90 activistvigilantes, as well as senior leaders of the BJP and other parties, government officials and political analysts. They described how cow vigilantism has become a finishing school for the young men who mobilise large groups against alleged cattle smugglers.

ISRAEL CONTINUES TO ATTACK GAZA HOSPITALS, TARGETS DISPLACED PALESTINIANS

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GAZA

AGENCIES

SRAELI shelling near a southern Gaza hospital has killed 41 people over the past two days, the Palestinian Red Crescent said, after Israel stepped up its attacks in the centre and south of the besieged territory. Israel’s relentless aerial bombardment and ground invasion in Gaza have killed at least 21,320 people, mostly women and children, according to the Gaza health ministry. The UN humanitarian office said Thursday that an estimated 100,000 more displaced people had arrived in the alreadyteeming southern border city of Rafah in recent days following the intensification of fighting around Deir alBalah and Khan Yunis.

The extra displacements came as Egyptian officials prepared to receive a highlevel Hamas delegation in Cairo on Friday for talks on a new proposal aimed at putting an end to nearly three months of conflict that has devastated Gaza.

The Palestinian Red Crescent on Thursday condemned what it said was Israeli shelling near the AlAmal hospital in Khan Yunis that “led to the martyrdom of ten people and the injury of at least 21 others”, adding the attack followed one in front of the hospital the day before that killed 31.

“Among the casualties are individuals present in front of the hospital and displaced persons seeking shelter at the PRCS (Red Crescent) premises,” the group said in a statement.

Later in the day, Gaza’s health ministry said Israeli shelling had killed 20 people, most of them women and children, at the Shaboura camp in Rafah, on the southern border with Egypt. AFP footage from the city showed bloodied people being rushed through the streets to the nearby Kuwaiti hospital, where medical staff raced to treat a flood of wounded patients, including children.

PID (I) 3962/23

Saturday, 30 December, 2023 | LAHORE

NEWS

07

EMPOWERING FUTURES

The Role of Social Behavior Change Communication in Family Planning

ISLAMABAD PR

"To be or not to be, that is the question." These timeless words, spoken by Hamlet in William Shakespeare's iconic play, encapsulate a profound contemplation on the nature of existence and the complexities of decisionmaking. In the realm of literature, these words have resonated through the centuries, but beyond the stage, they find relevance in the corridors of our own lives, echoing the perpetual choices we face.As we navigate the complexities of contemporary existence, one such overarching question stands prominently before us: to be architects of change, or to be passive spectators in the face of pressing issues? The question, reframed in this context, becomes: to be active participants in family planning and reproductive health initiatives, or to remain passive recipients of demographic shifts?

U N D E R S TA N D I N G SOCIAL BEHAVIOR CHANGE COMMUNICATION: The resonance of Shakespeare's words with our modern deliberations is unmistakable. The choices we make regarding family planning not only reverberate through our personal lives but reverberate on the grand stage of societal development.

As we embark on this exploration, let us delve into the depths of family planning, examining the intricacies of its impact on human capital, societal well-being, and the sustainable development of nations. The choice, as Hamlet poetically contemplates, lies before us – to be

PID (I) 3962/23

architects of our familial and societal destinies or to resign ourselves to the currents of demographic fate.

KEY COMPONENTS OF SBCC IN FAMILY PLANNING: The promotion of family planning requires innovative communication strategies that are culturally sensitive, accessible, and tailored to the diverse needs of the population. Some innovative communication strategies that could be implemented in the public sector on family planning include developing a userfriendly mobile application that provides information on various family planning methods, nearby health facilities, and personalized reproductive health tracking. Implementing interactive chatbots on government websites and social media platforms could also provide instant responses to family planning queries. Creating podcasts and webinars featuring healthcare professionals, religious leaders, and influencers discussing the importance of family planning can also address cultural and religious concerns in an open and informed manner. Other innovative communication strategies include developing short and impactful public service announcements (PSAs) in regional languages, communitybased social media campaigns, street theater and art installations, partnership with religious leaders, and youth-centric social media challenges, among others.

By embracing these innovative communication strategies, the public sector in Pakistan can effectively reach diverse audiences, overcome cultural barriers,

LHC SPURNS PLEA FOR ACTION AGAINST MPS FOR HIDING TOSHAKHANA GIFTS

Saturday, 30 December, 2023

PRAYER TIMINGS

NEWS

T

LAHORE

STAFF REPORT

HE Lahore High Court’S (LHC) Justice Raheel Kamran dismissed a plea on Friday seeking directives for the Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) to file criminal complaints against all those members of the national and provincial assemblies who did not disclose Toshakhana gifts in statement of assets and liabilities, instead of just former premier Imran Khan.

Petitioner Tanveer Sarwar requested the court to direct the chief election commissioner to remain impartial, fair and just as per the ECP’s constitutional mandate, and refrain from “selective prosecution at its own whims and wishes”.

He further prayed that the ECP, till the final decision of this case, be directed to initiate criminal prosecution against all members of the provincial and national assemblies who did not disclose the state gifts acquired by them in their statement of assets and liabilities. During today’s proceedings, petitioner’s counsel

advocate Nadeem Sarwar implored the court that the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf’s (PTI) founding chairman Imran Khan was sentenced to three years in prison on August 5, 2023 by a court in Islamabad, in the Toshakhana case, pertaining to the non-disclosure of the detail of state gifts in his assets and liabilities form.

He argued that the case was “eye opening, and the worst case of selective prosecution as the respondent ECP, while

acting unfairly and discriminatorily, only singled out Imran Khan while ignoring and pardoning all other national as well as provincial assemblies’ members who retained gifts, but did not disclose them”.

“The act of the respondent ECP of not filing complaints… falls afoul of Article 25 of the Constitution of Islamic republic of Pakistan, 1973, which commands that all persons are equal before law and required to be treated alike

in all the situations,” Sarwar stated.

The counsel maintained that big political leaders like former president Asif Zardari, ex-prime ministers Yousaf Raza Gillani, Nawaz Sharif and Shahid Khaqan Abbasi, and ministers Khawaja Asif among others also did not disclose the details of their Toshkhana gifts, but were free from any liability or criminal prosecution “because the respondent ECP on its own whims and wishes did not want to proceed against them”.

“That non-filling of complaints against other members clearly depicts that the respondent ECP is partial, biased and failed to perform its duties under the Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan,” he further maintained.

The counsel argued that it was good practice to hold politicians accountable for their wrongdoing, but the accountability must not be limited to a single person alone. “Each and every person should be held accountable in the widest national and public interest,” he stated.

The lawyer argued the ECP’s action was not only against the law, but was tantamount to misconduct.

MQM’s Raza Haroon, Anis Advocate join PPP ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

Nominations of Murad Saeed, other PTI Swat candidates rejected SWAT

SYED SHAHABUDDIN

The nomination papers of PTI’s underground leader Murad Saeed along with former provincial minister Dr Amjad Ali, former MNA Saleem Rehman and former MPAs – Fazal Hakeem and Mian Sharafat Ali were rejected by the returning officer here on Friday.

Former federal minister Murad Saeed had submitted nomination papers for Constituency NA-3 and Constituency NA-4.

On Friday, the returning officer (RO) of Circle NA-4 rejected the nomination of Murad Saeed for being an absconder in eight different cases. The RO for constituency NA-3, however, announce a decision on Murad Saeed’s paper on Saturday (today).

Another PTI leader Sohail Sultan Advocate confirmed the news regarding rejection of Murad Saeed’s papers.

Murad Saeed was elected as member of the National Assembly from the same constituency in the 2018 elections. The returning officer rejected the PTI leader’s nomination papers on the grounds that the latter is wanted by the police in various cases.

The nomination papers of PTI leader Murad Saeed for the National Assembly seat were submitted by his lawyers. As many as 48 candidates submitted nomination papers for constituency NA-4.

The candidates, who have filed nominations for the NA-4, include: former KP chief minister and PTI leader Mehmood Khan, ANP Brig (r) Muhammad Saleem Khan and Sher Shah Khan, Pakistan Muslim League-N Haji Jalat Khan and Rahmat Ali Khan, JUI’s former provincial minister Qari Mahmood, Jamaat-e-Islami’s former MNA Dr Fazal Subhan and other small parties and independent candidates.

Furthermore, nomination papers of former MPA Fazal Hakeem Khan were rejected under Schedule IV while papers of former MNA Saleemur Rehman in constituency NA-2, former provincial minister Dr Amjad Ali for PK-7 and former MPA Mian Sharaft Ali for PK-3 were also rejected under schedule IV by the RO. Tehreek-e-Insaf lawyers Sohail Sultan Advocate and Kamal Khan Advocate have expressed a strong reaction to the decisions of ROs and announced to go to the Election Tribunal against the decision, terming it as “illegal and unconstitutional.”

Murad Saeed has gone into hiding after the May 9 incidents and cases have also been registered against him in several police stations. On Nov 16, an AntiTerrorism Court in Lahore declared various PTI leaders including Murad Saeed as proclaimed offenders in cases related to the May 9 riots.

The PTI leaders who were declared as POs include: Hammad Azhar, Murad Saeed, Mian Aslam Iqbal, Jamshed Iqbal Cheema and his wife Musarrat Iqbal Cheema, Barrister Hassaan Niazi, and Zubair Khan Niazi.

Senior politicians formerly associated with Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM), Raza Haroon and Anees Advocate, along with their comrades joined the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) on Friday, as electioneering picks up pace ahead of the February 8 general elections The announcement of their affiliation with the PPP came after the duo met former president and party’s co-chairman Asif Ali Zardari in Karachi.

Haroon, who also served as a provincial minister, earlier joined former Karachi mayor Mustafa Kamal’s Pak Sarzameen Party (PSP) in 2016, but later left this faction as well. On the other hand,

Anees was also an MQM dissident who joined PSP in 2016.

An official statement issued by the PPP on this occasion said that Zardari welcomed Haroon and Anees, who were former members of MQM’s Rabita Committee, to the party. The politicians discussed the “charter of Karachi” regarding the development, establishment of peace and security, and friendly environment in the port city during the meeting. “[Former] president Asif Ali Zardari said that the PPP’s Charter of Karachi will have a far-reaching impact on the future of the city. He said that the PPP is the party of the people of Karachi. We are working to restore the lights which were taken away by the rivals of peace and the merchants of hate,” the statement read.

On the occasion, the ex-president mentioned the PPP Chairman Bilawal Bhutto Zardari’s 10-point election agenda, saying that the PPP will bring such developmental projects for Karachi and every other city and town of Pakistan after coming into power, which will provide relief to the common man in this time of inflation.

As the country is about to stage its national-level polls next year in February, the PPP kickstarted the election campaign, with a 10-point agenda laid out by Bilawal on December 27. Pledging to introduce policies that prioritise people’s welfare, the ex-foreign minister announced the plan, which his party is to enforce if they are voted into power by the people in the upcoming polls.

PIA seeks Rs15b loan, urgently appeals to govt for financial assistance g

AIRLINE RELIES ON SBP'S PR-8 RELAXATION TO NORMALIZE INCOME TREATMENT, ENABLING COMMERCIAL BANKS TO EXTEND LOANS PROFIT

MONITORING DESK

Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) has urgently appealed to the government for financial assistance, seeking relaxation from the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) to arrange a loan of Rs15 billion from commercial banks.

Facing operational challenges and potential risks of suspension, the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has already granted a Rs5 billion facility to keep the national carrier operational.

According to the news story published in The News, a division exists within the caretaker government on the future of PIA, with one faction proposing bifurcation and privatization of the entity with a clean balance sheet, while the other side supports privatizing it in its existing form, a decision that poses challenges.

The finance ministry, citing IMF conditions, has refrained from providing guarantees and is now urging the SBP to relax regulations to facilitate the arrangement of the Rs15 billion loan.

Top officials confirmed that the economic team is indecisive about arranging financing for PIA, leading to discussions involving other ministries such as Privatization, Planning, and Law. Refusing to rescue PIA and hesitant to make a firm decision,

FAJR SUNRISE

ZUHR

ASR MAGHRIB ISHA

6:20

1:30

4:00

7:00

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PTI accuses other political parties of ‘attacking’ judiciary ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf Chairman Barrister Gohar Khan on Friday asserted that political parties were ‘attacking’ the judiciary after the Peshawar High Court (PHC) suspended the Election Commission of Pakistan’s (ECP) verdict, stripping PTI of its symbol – “bat”. Addressing a press conference in Islamabad, Gohar Khan claimed that PTI’s electoral symbol – the bat – was not just its electoral symbol but was also the symbol of the nation’s expectations.

He alleged that conspiracies were being hatched to strip PTI of its electoral symbol and exclude the party from the February 8 general elections. “The Supreme Court had settled that snatching the symbol is equivalent to dissolving a political party,” he added.

The lawyer claimed that other political parties won’t be able to gain anything on February 8. “They [political parties] will all lose their seats if transparent elections are conducted,” he added.

He warned that the upcoming elections were the most crucial for the country and derailing them would result in a huge loss for the country, alleging that other political leaders had attacked the judiciary.

Gohar Khan pointed out that the highest number of nomination papers had been filed by PTI candidates.

“If you take away our electoral symbol, will all of them contest as independent candidates?” he said, adding that who will be responsible for horse-trading after the polls?”

SC again delists cause list over unavailability of bench ISLAMABAD

STAFF REPORT

The Supreme Court (SC) of Pakistan again delisted the cause list for today (Friday) over the unavailability of the bench.

According to sources, the Acting Chief Justice Sardar Tariq Masood is reportedly unwell and unable to conduct the hearings. The Supreme Court has issued a notification of the cancellation of the cause list of the cases scheduled for hearing today (Friday).

Due to the absence of the bench, the SC did not hear any case on Thursday as well.

Shehbaz conveys Nawaz Sharif’s ‘important’ message to MQM-P KARACHI

STAFF REPORT

the finance ministry has been contacted by the Ministry of Aviation to make last-ditch efforts in seeking relaxation of prudential regulation PR-8 in favor of commercial banks. According to a PIA letter dated December 14, 2023, conveyed by the CAA to the Finance Ministry, financial institutions are concerned about the growing portfolio of loans to PIA. Despite efforts to arrange financing within 48 hours by the end of October 2023, a signed term sheet is in place, but the terms and pricing are stringent, requiring waivers from the government of Pakistan and the SBP. Facing a severe financial crisis and delayed debt payments, PIA is dependent on SBP’s PR-8 relaxation to treat income as regular, allowing commercial banks to offer loans.

The CAA has requested the Ministry of Finance to approach

the SBP for PR-8 relaxations for commercial banks with dues over 90 days and to treat income as regular, aiming to boost confidence in financial institutions and better support the governmentguaranteed loan requirement.

In response to inquiries, the Ministry of Finance spokesperson, Qamar Abbasi, clarified that the ministry has not refused any request, emphasizing that prudential regulations are enforced by the SBP, and exemptions or relaxations are allowed by the SBP. The PIA spokesperson highlighted critical payments, including $10.5 million to a leasing company, and other financial obligations. The appeal to the government is for immediate financial support to ensure continued financial servicing, with the hope of managing obligations until a decision is made by the relevant authorities.

In a much-anticipated meeting, the president of the Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N), Shehbaz Sharif, conveyed the ‘important’ message of Nawaz Sharif to the Mutaihida Quami Movement Pakistan (MQM-P) leadership in Karachi on Friday.

According to the details, the PML-N president, Shehbaz Sharif, along with other party leaders reached the Markaz of MQM-P in Bahadurabad, Karachi.

The MQM-P leadership including Khalid Maqbool, Farooq Sattar, Mustafa Kamal, Aminul Haque, and others welcomed the PML-N leaders in Karachi.

The meeting was attended by prominent leaders of both political parties including Mustafa Kamal, Dr. Farooq Sattar, Aminul Haque, Nasreen Jalil, Javed Hanif, Anees Qaim Khani, and other provincial committee members.

Sources claimed that the former PM will also hold a separate meeting with the Convener, Deputy Conveners, and Senior Deputy Conveners later after this meeting.

During the meeting, Shehbaz Sharif expressed that the PML-N wants a good working relationship with MQM-P in the future, and stated that both parties have to work together in order to ‘facilitate’ the people of Karachi.

The political leader also discussed the electoral alliance, and seat adjustment under consideration, while the leadership of both parties also considered the recommendations put forward by the provincial committees.

Asian refiners grapple with diesel glut in 2024 amidst Middle East expansion, Chinese exports g

MIDDLE EAST IS ANTICIPATED TO CONTRIBUTE TO SURPLUS PROFIT

NEWS DESK

Asian refiners are poised to grapple with a surplus of diesel supply in 2024, driven by the commissioning of new refineries in the Middle East and robust exports from China.

Analysts and industry sources predict that this surge in supply will surpass the region’s leading demand growth, resulting in a decline in diesel prices. Consequently, Asian refiners are anticipated to face a second consecutive year of dimin-

ishing profit margins for the fuel commonly used in automobiles, trucks, and power generators.

In 2022, average diesel profit margins reached a record high of $45 per barrel due to disruptions in supplies from Russia and a global decline in inventories. However, margins plummeted by nearly 50% in 2023 after increased fuel exports were permitted

by Beijing, coupled with a rise in global refinery output.

Projections from consultancies, including Rystad Energy, Sparta Commodities,

and FGE, suggest that average diesel margins, also known as “cracks,” could decline by 23% to approximately $18 per barrel in 2024.

The estimated 3.8% year-on-year increase in supply in Asia, including the Middle East, in 2024 is based on data from Wood Mackenzie.

Sparta analyst James Noel-Beswick notes a persistent downward trend in diesel cracks globally since October 2023, a trend expected to continue into 2024. Despite Asia, particularly India,

leading global diesel demand through the transport and construction sectors, analysts predict that shrinking margins will persist.

Rystad Energy forecasts a 3% growth in diesel demand in Asia in 2024, primarily driven by China and India, contributing 164,000 bpd and 113,000 bpd, respectively.

This stands in contrast to the International Energy Agency’s global estimate of 1% demand growth.

The Middle East is anticipated to contribute to the surplus, with Kuwait’s Al-

Zour and Oman’s Duqm refineries increasing output and exports.

While most Middle East diesel exports traditionally head to Europe, concerns exist regarding potential demand erosion in the West, leading to more barrels being directed to Asia.

Vortexa analyst Serena Huang suggests that Singapore, Malaysia, and Pakistan are likely destinations for Middle East exports, posing competition with Asian barrels and potentially impacting regional product cracks if demand lags.

Published by Asad Nizami at Qandeel Printing Press, 4 Queens Road, Lahore, for PT Print (Pvt) Limited. Ph: 042-36300938, 042-36375965. Email: newsroom@pakistantoday.com.pk