Leadership and gender in the Ephesian church an examination of 1 timothy

Page 1

1 2 3

Leadership and Gender in the Ephesian Church: An Examination of 1 Timothy

4 5

Carl P. Cosaert, Ph.D. Walla Walla University

6 7

Theology of Ordination Study Committee Columbia, MD, January 23, 2014

8 9

Introduction

10

"If a man desires the office of an elder, he desires a good thing. If a woman desires the same,

11

she doesn’t understand. She cannot rule her house well. If she rules it, that is not well."1 This

12

statement from an Adventist website discussing the issue of women's ordination reflects the

13

position advocated in the papers opposing the ordination of women given at the July 2013

14

meeting of the Theology of Ordination Study Committee. This conviction is rooted in the belief

15

that the qualifications the apostle Paul2 gives for the selection of overseers in 1 Timothy 3:1-7

16

are "highly gender-specific."3 For this reason, it is claimed that an "elder/overseer must be of the

17

male gender."4 But not merely male, but specifically "husbands and fathers who have a proven

18

record of successful leadership in their homes."5 Therefore on the basis of gender alone "women

19

can neither be elders nor pastors, nor be ordained as such."6

20

While the qualifications for overseers in 1 Timothy 3:1-7 may at first appear to exclude

21

women from consideration, I believe that a careful evaluation of the passage fails to support that

22

conclusion. Although the vast majority of church leaders in Paul's day were undoubtedly male,

23

gender does not appear to have been one of the criteria for serving as a leader within the church. 1

Eugene Prewitt, "Response to Critiques on 'Brief Bible Thoughts on Women's Ordination.' Advindicate (October 30, 2012), n.p. [cited 28 August, 2013]. Online http://advindicate.com/articles/2179. 2 The question of the authorship of the Pastoral Epistles is a controversial topic. Although there are difficult questions associated with the Pauline authorship of 1 Timothy, in the opinion of this author the difficulties related to the non-Pauline authorship are far greater. Accordingly, this paper assumes the Pauline authorship of these epistles. 3 Ingo Sorke, "Adam, Where Are You? On Gender Relations" (paper presented at the Theology of Ordination Study Committee. Baltimore, MD, July 23, 2013), 37. 4 Stephen Bohr, "A Study of 1 Peter 2:9, 10 and Galatians 3:28" (paper presented at the Theology of Ordination Study Committee. Baltimore, MD, July 23, 2013), 26. 5 P. Gerard Damsteegt, "Headship, Gender, and Ordination in the Writings of Ellen G. White" (paper presented at the Theology of Ordination Study Committee. Baltimore, MD, July 23, 2013), 30. 6 Sorke, 33.


Turn static files into dynamic content formats.

Create a flipbook
Issuu converts static files into: digital portfolios, online yearbooks, online catalogs, digital photo albums and more. Sign up and create your flipbook.