93
TARGET HAZARDS/CRITICAL FACILITIES FEMA defines these as: “facilities in either the public or private sector that provide essential products and services to the public, are otherwise necessary to preserve the welfare and quality of life in the community, or fulfill important public safety, emergency response, and/or disaster recovery functions.” Critical Infrastructure described by DHS/FEMA is discussed later in this chapter. To conduct an effective target hazard assessment, some key definitions must be understood: Hazards: Known physical features that can ignite and sustain combustion, or existing features (natural or manmade) that have the potential to cause negative impacts to life, property and/or natural resources. Values: Community assets, including life, property and natural resources Other major target hazards have been identified. These include nursing homes, mid-rise and other buildings (consisting of three floors or greater), all public schools, and locations of hazardous materials sites. This information assisted in determining where best to locate fire suppression and other specialty resources for each planning zone. A comprehensive review of the service area was completed. Data was gathered from ISO, fire prevention inspection records, GIS list of high rise occupancies, target hazards in CAD, economic revenues from Census, and interviews with the Village and District stakeholders. The information was then reviewed with the Fire Prevention Bureau and information was collected on type of risk found: Need Fire Flow (NFF), Hazardous Material occupancy, Life Safety risk, High Rise, economic risk and other (historical/cultural). An interesting fact was found concerning needed fire flow and reports given to the District by ISO. Much of the data in these “batch reports” were found to be incorrect – especially regarding the large commercial structures showing “non-sprinklered” by ISO when in fact they are (for example – Home Depot and Walmart!). This finding, and soon to be field correction by ISO, dramatically changes the NFF for the District and potentially could have adversely affected the ISO rating if this was not discovered and challenged. After a detailed analysis, the District has identified the following as “target hazards/critical facilities”: Schools, Nursing/Assisted Living, Hotels, Malls as well as non-sprinklered structures 4 stories or more are considered high or target hazards. Police and Fire Stations, Communication Systems, Water Treatment facilities are considered “critical” facilities. Fortunately, all these facilities are fully sprinklered and alarmed within the District. The number of Target Hazards per Station Area of Responsibility (AOR) are listed to the right.
Station AOR Target Hazards 1
23
2
13
3
10
4
13
5
4
6
4 67
COMMUNITY RISK ASSESSMENT / STANDARDS OF COVER | ORLAND FIRE PROTECTION DISTRICT